CN104847010B - A kind of miniature groundwater reservoir in city and construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an urban miniature underground water reservoir. It consists of multiple storage tanks buried in the ground. The storage tanks are connected to the municipal rainwater drainage pipes. The micro reservoirs are located under the urban road auxiliary roads and green belts; the rainwater on the road and around the road can flow into the reservoir through the drainage pipes; when it rains , Rainwater can flow into the micro-reservoir through the drainage pipe for storage; micro holes are set on the side of the reservoir from 1/4 to 1/3, so that the water in the micro-reservoir can slowly infiltrate into the foundation soil, replenish groundwater, and improve the groundwater environment. The invention also discloses a construction method of the miniature underground water reservoir. The miniature underground reservoir of the invention can relieve the pressure of municipal rainwater drainage pipes, improve urban water use capacity, supplement groundwater, improve the groundwater environment, and has good social benefits and good ecological value.

Description

A kind of urban miniature underground water reservoir and its construction method

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of municipal engineering, in particular to an urban miniature underground reservoir connected with a rainwater drainage pipe and a construction method.

Background technique

With the increasing scale of urbanization, there are more and more hard surfaces such as concrete and asphalt, and the isolation between rainwater and groundwater is becoming more and more serious. Due to the expansion of cities, the diameter of urban drainage pipes is also increasing. When the rainstorm is too late to discharge, it will cause waterlogging, and when it is serious, it will endanger people's lives and material property safety. For example, in 2012, the torrential rain in Beijing on July 21 caused 79 deaths and 10,660 houses collapsed, 1.602 million people were affected, and the economic loss was 11.64 billion yuan. In May 2014, the heavy rain in Shenzhen caused about 150 local roads to accumulate water, 20 areas were flooded, more than 5,000 buses could not operate normally, 2,000 cars were flooded, and Shenzhen Airport canceled nearly 200 inbound and outbound flights.

On the other hand, urban groundwater is declining day by day, and urban water shortage is becoming more and more serious, especially in northern cities. In 2014, there were more than 300 "water shortages" in 657 cities across the country, and more than 100 cities with severe water shortages. According to official data, Hebei Province suffers from a severe shortage of water resources, with the province's annual average water resources totaling 20.5 billion cubic meters. The per capita water resource is 307 cubic meters, which is 1/7 of the national average and far below the internationally recognized extreme water shortage standard of 500 cubic meters. As of the end of January this year, compared with the same period last year, the average buried depth of groundwater in the plain area of Beijing decreased by 0.3 meters, and groundwater reserves decreased by 150 million cubic meters; compared with the same period in 1998 before overexploitation, the groundwater level decreased by 12.83 meters , groundwater reserves decreased by 6.5 billion cubic meters. In addition, a groundwater funnel area of about 1,000 square kilometers has been formed underground in Beijing.

The traditional rainwater collection tank before the present invention is not connected with the rainwater drainage pipe, and can only slightly relieve the pressure of the drainage pipe indirectly, and the sharing capacity is limited, and the surface water cannot be quickly and efficiently drained during heavy rain; the bottom of the pool is sealed, and water cannot seep into the ground. Thereby it is impossible to replenish groundwater, resulting in waste of water resources. In the hot season, because too much hardened ground makes it difficult for groundwater to evaporate and dissipate heat, the accumulation of sunlight radiation causes a serious heat island effect. In addition, it will cause surface subsidence and road subsidence. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an underground micro-reservoir technology that can not only solve urban rainstorms and floods, but also alleviate the drought in northern cities.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of traditional rainwater drainage pipes, such as insufficient drainage capacity during heavy rains, lack of replenishment of groundwater, and waste of water resources, and propose an underground micro-reservoir, which can effectively relieve the pressure of drainage pipes and prevent urban floods. , and the groundwater is replenished, alleviating urban water shortage and drought. Another object of the present invention is to provide a construction method of the micro-reservoir in an actual municipal drainage project.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:

A miniature underground reservoir, consisting of multiple storage tanks buried in the ground, the storage tanks are connected to municipal rainwater drainage pipes, and the elevation of the top surface of the storage tanks is flush with the central axis of the rainwater drainage pipes; Under the green belt; the rainwater on the road and around the road can flow into the reservoir through the drainage pipe; during heavy rain, the rainwater can automatically flow into the micro-reservoir through the drainage pipe for storage. When the water in the reservoir is full, the excess water is still drained from the rainwater drainage pipe Walk; the water body in the reservoir can be used for municipal greening irrigation, urban fire protection, etc.; small holes are set on the side of the reservoir, so that the water in the micro reservoir can slowly infiltrate into the foundation soil to replenish groundwater.

When the water in the micro-reservoir is not full, the rainwater that flows into the rainwater drainage pipe from the ground is preferentially stored in the micro-reservoir, and when the water in the micro-reservoir is full, the excess water is drained away.

The micro-reservoir has a plurality of water storage tanks underground connected with rainwater drainage pipes, and when a certain water storage tank has too much water, it can be distributed to other water storage tanks through rainwater drainage pipes.

The micro-reservoir has pumping pipelines to connect several reservoirs, and can simultaneously pump water from several reservoirs to the ground for municipal water supply.

The surroundings of the micro-reservoir are cast in-situ with concrete, and tiny holes are arranged on the sides, and the holes are filled with clay with low permeability, so that water can slowly seep into the ground.

There is a vertical pipeline on the top of the micro-reservoir to be connected with the lower part of the central isolation zone of the road.

The micro-reservoir is connected with the rainwater drainage pipe through a straight pipe and a T-shaped drainage.

The connecting pipe is equipped with a strainer at the joint with the drainage pipe to prevent the connecting pipe from being blocked.

The micro-reservoir is prefabricated with glass fiber reinforced plastics in the factory, and a number of tiny holes are set on the side. The holes are filled with clay with low permeability, so that water can slowly seep into the ground.

The present invention also relates to a construction method for a miniature underground reservoir, comprising the following steps:

(1) Carry out geological exploration, measure and set out lines, and determine the position of the miniature reservoir;

(2) Excavate to the design depth, generally make the bottom of the reservoir 2-3m lower than the rainwater drainage pipe;

(3) Install the formwork, pour the concrete of the storage tank, (reserve holes for connecting pipes, holes for pumping pipes, and holes for side walls of the reservoir) for concrete maintenance;

(4) After the concrete is cured for 28 days and the strength is qualified, clay is stuffed in the side wall hole, and a layer of large-sized sandstone should be laid on the upper part of the hole to prevent the clay from being partially destroyed by water erosion;

(5) The drain pipe is set out and positioned, and the filter screen, T-shaped drain pipe and direct connection pipe are installed in sequence;

(6) Repeat steps (2) to (5) until all water storage tanks and drain pipes are connected with connecting pipes;

(7) Carry out water test;

(8) Install the pumping pipeline and water pump, and conduct a pumping test;

(9) Backfill soil to the top surface of the reservoir, install vertical connecting pipes and filter screens;

(10) Backfill the soil to the height of the road surface, and install the concrete roof of the reservoir.

The advantages and effects of the present invention are: since the underground reservoir is connected with the rainwater drainage pipe, it can be diverted through the underground reservoir during heavy rain, which greatly improves the flood storage capacity; the side wall is provided with holes, and the water in the reservoir can slowly infiltrate into the ground, supplementing the groundwater, and can Relieve the pressure of urban groundwater shortage; the water in the underground reservoir can be pumped to the ground through water pumps to irrigate the green plants on the ground. The present invention turns urban undrained concrete and asphalt and other hard grounds into "flexible" grounds that can "absorb water", thereby solving the two problems of urban floods and droughts, and turning urban rainwater into "benefits". The construction process of the invention is simple, and the implementation is simple and convenient. It only needs to close a part of the road for reconstruction on the existing urban road, and other lanes can pass normally.

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments, but by the claims.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a single underground reservoir and rainwater drainage pipeline;

Fig. 2 layout diagram of underground micro-reservoir pipe network;

Figure 3 road cross section;

Figure 4 road profile;

Fig. 5 perspective view of underground reservoir;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the front of the underground reservoir;

Figure 7 Schematic diagram of T-shaped drainage pipe;

In the figure: 1: Underground miniature reservoir; 2: T-shaped drainage pipe; 3: Reservoir bottom plate hole; 4: Direct connection pipe; 5: Vertical connection pipe; 6: Rainwater drainage main pipe; 7: Straight suction pipe; Elbow connecting pipe; 9: water pump; 10: water pump room; 11: motorway; 12: auxiliary road; 13: sidewalk; 14: vertical rainwater pipe; 15: central isolation belt; 16: underground reservoir roof; 17: reservoir side wall holes.

detailed description

As shown in Figures 1 to 7, an urban miniature underground reservoir 1 is surrounded by cast-in-place concrete. After the miniature underground reservoir 1 is connected with the direct connection pipe 4, it is then connected with the T-shaped drainage pipe 2, and the T-shaped drainage pipe 2. The other two directions are directly connected with the rainwater drainage main pipe 6; the miniature underground reservoir 1 extends into the central isolation zone 15 through the vertical connecting pipe 5, and the bottom of the auxiliary road 12 or sidewalk 13; the rainwater on the auxiliary road 12 and the sidewalk 13 passes through the vertical The straight rainwater pipe 14 flows into the rainwater drainage main pipe 6 and merges into the miniature underground reservoir 1; the water on the motorway 11 flows into the miniature underground reservoir 1 through the vertical connecting pipe 5; the underground miniature reservoir 1 is opened on the side 1/4 to 1/3 There are reservoir side wall holes 17, so that the water in the miniature underground reservoir 1 can infiltrate into the ground; after the water pump 9 is installed in the water pump house 10, the water in the miniature reservoir can also pass through the suction pipe formed by the straight suction pipe 7 and the suction bend connecting pipe 8 The net is pumped to the ground; the top of the vertical connecting pipe 5 has a concrete roof 16 to protect the safety of vehicles and pedestrians, and can be used for maintenance.

The construction side of above-mentioned underground micro-reservoir has following technical steps:

(1) Prospecting the central isolation zone 15 of the municipal road, not only the longitudinal direction of the road, but also the depth direction of the road. For municipal roads with existing exploration data, the existing data can be extended.

(2) According to the exploration data, the soil layer with good water permeability is selected as the location of the reservoir. In order to facilitate the installation of pipelines, try to keep the reservoirs on a vertical line with a distance of 10-20m.

(3) The miniature underground reservoir 1 is set out and positioned, and excavated to the design depth.

(4) When supporting formwork and pouring reservoir concrete, attention should be paid to reserving holes for connecting pipes, holes for suction pipes, holes for side walls and bottom plates, and maintenance. When mixing concrete, admixtures with water-reducing, retarding and durability-enhancing properties should be added to the concrete, as well as an appropriate amount of high-quality admixtures, such as fly ash, to improve the workability and durability of the concrete. and impermeability.

(5) Clay is plugged in the side wall hole 17 of the reservoir. Choose sandy pebbles with better gradation to lay on the bottom of the miniature underground reservoir 1 to avoid local damage of the clay due to water scouring, and some sandy pebbles with larger particle sizes can be laid on the top of the clay.

(6) Set out the drainage pipe for positioning, install the filter screen, the T-shaped drainage pipe 2 and the direct connection pipe 4 in sequence. The T-shaped drainage pipe 2 and the direct connection pipe 4 should be prefabricated according to the design requirements before construction. Joints should be filled with cement mortar and waterproof materials.

(7) Steps 4 to 6 are repeated until a group of underground micro-reservoirs 1 and the main rainwater drainage pipe 6 are connected with each other by a direct connection pipe 4 . The quantity of each group of underground micro-reservoirs 1 is determined according to the actual flow of rainwater drainage pipes, generally 3 to 8 groups.

(8) Carry out a water test, pass water into the 6 main rainwater drainage pipes, test whether each reservoir and its connecting pipes are unimpeded, and deal with the places where water leakage occurs in time.

(9) After confirming that each reservoir is reliably connected to the rainwater drainage main pipe 6, and that the drainage system has no leaks, install the straight water pipe 7, the water bend connecting pipe 8 and the water pump 9, and perform a water pumping test. During installation, the straight water pipe 7 is installed earlier, and the straight water pipe 7 is contacted with the miniature underground reservoir 1 as far as possible, and then the water bend connecting pipe 8 is installed, and the water bend connecting pipe 8 stretches into the underground miniature reservoir 1. Greater than 50-200mm.

(10) Backfill soil to the top surface of the miniature underground reservoir 1, install the vertical connecting pipe 5 and filter screen; 11 backfill the soil to the height of the road surface, install the miniature underground reservoir top cover 16.

Example:

Referring to Figure 1, the figure is a schematic cross-sectional view of a certain road. In the middle of the road is the median strip 15 . Two-way motor vehicle lanes 11 are on both sides of the central isolation belt 15 . The outer sides of the two motor vehicle lanes 11 are auxiliary roads 12 . The outside of the auxiliary road 12 is a sidewalk 13 .

Referring to Figures 3, 5 and 6, an underground micro-reservoir 1 is shown in the figure. The underground micro-reservoir 1 is made up of a vertical connecting pipe 5, a side wall and a bottom plate. The base plate is made of concrete. The side wall is a hollow cylinder made of concrete. The lower end of the hollow cylinder is buckled on the upper surface of the bottom plate. The upper end of the hollow cylinder is closed, but a through hole is left, and the lower end nozzle of the vertical connecting pipe 5 communicates with this through hole. When pouring the side wall, a number of side wall holes 17 are reserved on the side wall. Preferably, the side wall holes 17 are filled with clay.

Further, the closed upper end of the hollow cylinder, in addition to connecting the vertical connecting pipe 5, also has a water pumping hole. As shown in Fig. 4, the lower end of the suction bend connecting pipe 8 is inserted into the water suction hole, and extends to the bottom of the inner cavity of the hollow cylinder. The upper end of the water bend connecting pipe 8 communicates with the straight water pipe 7 . By starting the water pump 9 (installed in the water pump room 10) that is connected with the straight water pipe 7, the water in the underground micro-reservoir 1 can be extracted;

Fig. 1 schematically shows five underground micro-reservoirs 1 set up. The vertical connecting pipes 5 of these underground micro-reservoirs 1 are respectively located below the median strip 15, below the median strip (or green belt) between the motorway 11 and the auxiliary road 12, and below the median strip (or green belt) between the auxiliary road 12 and the sidewalk 13. below. The outlet at the upper end of the vertical connecting pipe 5 is equipped with an underground reservoir top cover 16 . Fig. 2 also schematically shows four underground micro-reservoirs 1 set up. The vertical connecting pipes 5 of these underground micro-reservoirs 1 are located below the median strip (or green belt) of the auxiliary road 12 and the sidewalk 13 .

When pouring the side wall, a connecting hole is also reserved on the side wall. A nozzle of the straight pipe 4 communicates with this connecting hole. Referring to FIG. 3 , the straight connecting pipe 4 is inclined, and the end connected to the connecting hole is flushed down. Referring to Fig. 7, a T-shaped drain pipe 2 is shown in the figure, and this T-shaped drain pipe 2 has three nozzles (similar to a tee). Referring to FIG. 4 , several underground micro-reservoirs 1 are arranged side by side, and each underground micro-reservoir 1 is connected to a straight pipe 4 . A mouthful of these straight pipes 4 (that pipe mouth that inclines upwards) all links to each other with a T-shaped drain pipe 2 . The mouths of these T-shaped drainage pipes 2 that are not connected to the straight pipe 4 can be connected in series through several pipes to form the main rainwater drainage pipe 6 . Generally, 3 to 8 underground micro-reservoirs 1 are combined into one group (four in series as shown in Figure 2 and 4), and the T-shaped drainpipes 2 of one group of described underground micro-reservoirs 1 are connected in series through pipelines , form the rainwater drainage main pipe 6. The rainwater drainage main pipe 6 is located below the road and communicates with the drainage facilities on the road surface. In this embodiment, during construction, it should be ensured that all pipelines are reliably connected without water leakage.

It is worth noting that these underground micro-reservoirs 1 are water storage tanks buried under roads. The rainwater drainage main pipe 6 is connected with the municipal rainwater drainage system, and the elevation of the top surface of the underground micro-reservoir 1 is flush with the central axis of the rainwater drainage main pipe 6 . During heavy rain, rainwater can automatically flow into the micro-reservoir 1 for storage through municipal drainage pipes. When the water in the micro-reservoir 1 is full, the excess water can still be drained from the municipal rainwater drainage system. The water body in the micro-reservoir 1 can be used for municipal greening watering, urban fire fighting and the like. Due to the existence of the reservoir side wall holes 17, the water in the miniature reservoir 1 can slowly infiltrate into the foundation soil to supplement the groundwater. Because a plurality of said micro-reservoirs 1 are connected, when a certain micro-reservoir 1 stores too much water, it can be apportioned to other water storage pools through rainwater drainage pipes.

Claims (3)

1. the miniature groundwater reservoir in a kind of city, it is characterised in that：It is made up of several tanks with top cover for being embedded in underground, Tank is connected with municipal rain drainage pipe, and tank top surface absolute altitude is flushed with the axis of rain drainage pipe；Miniature water Warehouse compartment is below the auxiliary road of urban road and greenbelt；On road and the rainwater of road periphery flows into reservoir by drainpipe；Rain When, rainwater automatically flows into miniature reservoir storage by drainpipe, and after the water storage in reservoir is full, unnecessary water is still from rain Water drainage pipeline is drained；In tank, water body is used for municipal greening irrigation, urban fire control；Tank side arranges small hole, Part water body in miniature reservoir slowly penetrates foundation soil, and recharge of groundwater improves groundwater environment；

When the water of miniature reservoir does not store full, the rainwater for flowing into municipal rain drainage pipe preferentially enters miniature reservoir storage, micro- When the water storage of type reservoir is full, unnecessary water is drained；

Miniature reservoir there are multiple tanks to be connected with rain drainage pipe in underground, when a certain tank hypervolia, lead to Cross rainwater drainage pipe and share other tanks；

Miniature reservoir tank has removable top cover, is extracted out the water in tank for municipal greening irrigation with water pump when needing；

Miniature reservoir surrounding concrete cast-in-situ, side arrange some small holes, and the less clay of hole permeability is filled out Fill, allow the water to slowly penetrate underground.

2. the miniature groundwater reservoir in a kind of city according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Miniature reservoir is in factory's glass The prefabricated shaping of glass steel, side arranges some small holes, and the hole less clay filled of permeability allows the water to slowly ooze Enter underground.

3. a kind of construction method of the miniature groundwater reservoir in city according to claim 1, comprises the following steps：

(1) geological prospecting is carried out, and surveying setting-out determines that Miniature water warehouse compartment is put below the auxiliary road of urban road and greenbelt；

(2) projected depth is excavated to, typically makes reservoir bottom be less than rain drainage pipe 2-3m；

(3) installation form, pours tank concrete, and reserving hole carries out concrete curing；

(4), after 28 days intensity of concrete curing is qualified, clay is filled in the hole of side, and hole top spreads the sand of one layer of big particle diameter Stone, prevents clay local failure because of washing away for water；

(5) drainpipe unwrapping wire positioning, installs filter screen, T-shaped drainpipe and direct-connected pipe successively；

(6) the step of repeating (2)～(5), until being connected with connecting leg between all tanks and drainpipe；

(7) water test is carried out；

(8) pumping conduit and water pump are installed, and carry out test of drawing water；

(9) backfill installs vertical connecting leg, filter screen to reservoir top surface；

(10) backfill installs reservoir concrete top cover to pavement-height.