CN104835674A - Operating mechanism and direct-operated grounding switch using operating mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an operating mechanism and a direct-operated grounding switch using the operating mechanism. A connecting lever of the operating mechanism is connected with an elastic member, thus in switching-on and switching-off processes, when the connecting lever drives a moving contact to move relative to a static contact, the elastic member applies corresponding torque to the connecting lever to enable the torque applied by the elastic member to the connecting lever to be combined with driving forces applied by a main shaft to the connecting lever, and the combined resultant forces drive the moving contact through the connecting lever to perform corresponding switching-on and switching-off actions, so that the elastic forces applied by the elastic member to the connecting lever are additionally provided on the basis that the single main shaft drives the connecting lever, operating forces needed in the processes that the connecting lever pushes and pulls the moving contact to act are reduced, and the switching-on and switching-off actions of the direct-operated grounding switch is time-saving and labor-saving.

Description

An operating mechanism and a direct-acting grounding switch using the operating mechanism

technical field

The invention relates to an operating mechanism and a direct-acting grounding switch using the operating mechanism.

Background technique

At present, with the improvement of the safety requirements of the power grid system for equipment, more and more users in the market require the grounding switch in the switch cabinet to have a strong ability to make short-circuit current. The moving contacts of the grounding switch with air as the insulating medium are basically rotary blades, or some improvements are made on this basic model. This type of grounding switch is such as the "indoor high-voltage electric grounding switch" disclosed in Chinese Patent No. 200810162375.2. The grounding switch adds an electric mechanism to the most common existing rotary blade grounding switch, and improves the safety, but does not break away from the basic framework of the rotary blade grounding switch. Due to the contact shape of the blade type grounding switch, the electric field is extremely uneven, and partial discharge often occurs in the opening state, which reduces the overall safety and reliability. In the process of closing the short-circuit current, due to the uneven electric field, it will lead to premature pre-breakdown between the contacts, the arcing time is long, and the energy generated is large. In addition, the contact between the rotary moving contact and the static contact is The transition from point contact to line contact leads to uneven ablation of the contacts. The above-mentioned factors lead to poor short-circuit making ability of the existing rotary blade grounding switch, and often cause explosions due to test failures.

Chinese patent document 201320825258.6 discloses a solid-insulated direct-acting grounding switch, which includes a grounding switch static contact, a grounding switch moving contact, a housing, and a solid insulation cylinder. The grounding switch static contact is fixed in the cavity of the solid insulation cylinder, and grounding The static contact of the switch has an arc contact, which has the ability to make grounding short-circuit current; the solid insulating cylinder is placed in the shell, and the moving contact of the grounding switch is also placed in the shell, and the moving contact of the grounding switch extends into the solid insulating cylinder. To realize opening or closing with the static contact of the grounding switch; the shell is made of solid insulating material or metal material. When operating the solid insulation direct-acting grounding switch of the present invention to close the switch, the operating handle is rotated to drive the moving contact of the grounding switch to move upwards along the guide ring at the bottom of the solid insulation cylinder to the solid insulation through the connecting rod mechanism installed in the casing. In the cavity inside the barrel, when the rod-shaped or tubular grounding switch moving contact is inserted into the plum blossom opening end of the grounding switch static contact, the short-circuit current in the current loop is instantaneously closed to generate an arc with huge energy, and the airflow generated by the short-circuit current arc It is discharged into the inner cavity of the housing through the internal gas passage, and then discharged into the outside atmosphere by the pressure release device installed on the solid housing, so that the static contact of the earthing switch and the moving contact of the earthing switch are closed to each other. , The function of the electrical circuit to ground through the moving contact of the grounding switch. However, during the opening and closing process of the direct-operated earthing switch, the up and down linear motion of the moving contact is completely realized by the operating force applied by manpower on the operating handle, which will not only lengthen the time required for the opening and closing process of the direct-operated earthing switch, The opening and closing operation of the direct-acting earthing switch is slow, and the physical exertion of the operator will be increased, so that the opening and closing operation of the direct-acting earthing switch is laborious. In addition, after the direct-acting earthing switch is closed, due to the influence of the gravity of the moving contact of the earthing switch, the moving contact of the earthing switch tends to fall, and the crank arm connected to the lower end of the moving contact tends to fall, which will cause The moving contact of the earthing switch and the static contact of the earthing switch are disengaged, and the switch is automatically opened, that is, the direct-acting earthing switch needs to continue to exert a holding force to maintain the closed state after closing, otherwise it will be under the action of the weight of the moving contact of the earthing switch. The automatic opening of the switch makes the entire direct-acting earthing switch unable to maintain the closed state, and the normal use of the direct-acting earthing switch cannot be guaranteed.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an operating mechanism of a direct-acting earthing switch that reduces the operating force required for moving the moving contact, and at the same time, the present invention also provides a direct-acting earthing switch using the operating mechanism.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the operating mechanism in the present invention is as follows:

The operating mechanism includes a main shaft mounted on the frame that rotates around a horizontally extending axis, a crank arm mounted on the main shaft for anti-rotation, and a guide piece mounted on the cantilever end of the crank arm that guides and moves along the overhanging direction. The guide piece is hinged with the moving contact, and the crank arm and the moving contact form an offset slider guide rod mechanism on the frame that pulls the moving contact up and down through the pitch and swing of the crank arm. An elastic member that applies a torque to the crank arm to push the contact upward, and/or applies a torque to the crank arm to pull the contact downward during the opening process.

The elastic part is a cylindrical helical spring connected between the crank arm and the frame. One end of the cylindrical helical spring is hinged on the crank arm through the first spring seat, and the other end is hinged on the frame through the second spring seat. The first spring seat The hinge point and the axis interval of the main axis are set.

Define the connection line between the shaft center of the main shaft and the hinge point of the first spring seat when the crank arm drives the moving contact to swing up to the closing position as the closing position connection line, and when the crank arm drives the moving contact to swing down to the opening position When put in place, the line between the axis of the main shaft and the hinge point of the first spring seat is the line of the opening position, and the hinge point of the second spring seat is between the line of the closing position and the line of the opening position.

The distance from the hinge point of the second spring seat to the line of the opening position is smaller than the distance to the line of the closing position.

The hinge point of the first spring seat is biased to one side of the linear movement direction of the guide on the crank arm.

The main shaft is provided with a manual operation structure and an electric transmission mechanism. The electric transmission mechanism includes a transmission part connected to the main shaft and a two-way overrunning clutch connected between the transmission part and the motor.

The technical scheme of the direct-acting type grounding switch among the present invention is as follows:

The direct-acting grounding switch includes a frame and an operating mechanism assembled on it. The operating mechanism includes a main shaft mounted on the frame that rotates around a horizontally extending axis, a crank arm mounted on the main shaft for anti-rotation, and The guide moves the guide piece assembled on the cantilever end of the crank arm. The crank arm is hinged with the moving contact through the guide piece. A slider guide rod mechanism is installed, and the crank arm is connected to apply a torque to the crank arm to push the contact upward during the closing process, and/or apply a torque to the crank arm to pull the moving contact downward during the opening process elastic parts.

The elastic part is a cylindrical helical spring connected between the crank arm and the frame. One end of the cylindrical helical spring is hinged on the crank arm through the first spring seat, and the other end is hinged on the frame through the second spring seat. The first spring seat The hinge point and the axis interval of the main axis are set.

Define the connection line between the shaft center of the main shaft and the hinge point of the first spring seat when the crank arm drives the moving contact to swing up to the closing position as the closing position connection line, and when the crank arm drives the moving contact to swing down to the opening position When put in place, the line between the axis of the main shaft and the hinge point of the first spring seat is the line of the opening position, and the hinge point of the second spring seat is between the line of the closing position and the line of the opening position.

The main shaft is provided with a manual operation structure and an electric transmission mechanism. The electric transmission mechanism includes a transmission part connected to the main shaft and a two-way overrunning clutch connected between the transmission part and the motor.

In the present invention, an elastic member is connected to the crank arm, so that during the opening and closing process, as the crank arm drives the movable contact to move up and down relative to the static contact, the elastic member will apply a corresponding torque to the crank arm, so that the elastic member The torque on the crank arm is combined with the driving force applied by the main shaft on the crank arm, and the resultant force after the combination is pulled by the crank arm to perform the corresponding opening and closing action, so that on the basis of the simple main shaft driving the crank arm, the increase The elastic force exerted by the elastic member on the crank arm reduces the operating force required in the process of pushing and pulling the contact of the crank arm, so that the opening and/or closing action of the direct-acting grounding switch saves time and effort.

Further, the elastic member is a cylindrical helical spring connected between the crank arm and the frame, one end of the cylindrical helical spring is hinged on the crank arm through the first spring seat, and the other end is hinged on the frame through the second spring seat. The hinge point of the first spring seat and the axis center of the main shaft are arranged at intervals, and the hinge point of the second spring seat is located between the line connecting the closing position and the line connecting the opening position. In the process of closing and opening, at the initial stage, the operating torque applied by the main shaft on the crank arm and the elastic torque applied by the elastic member on the crank arm are reversed until the shaft center of the main shaft and the hinge of the first spring seat When the pivot point and the hinge point of the second spring seat are in the same straight line, the elastic member will be at the dead point, and will no longer apply torque to the crank arm, and if the main shaft continues to rotate, the elastic torque exerted by the elastic member on the crank arm will be equal to that of the main shaft The operating torque applied to the crank arm is in the same direction to drive the crank arm to rotate quickly through the release of the elastic potential energy in the elastic member, which makes the elastic member accelerate no matter in the closing process or in the opening process. Corresponding to the power of the moving contact, at the same time reducing the operating force applied by the main shaft to the crank arm, thereby further saving time and effort in the opening and closing actions of the direct-acting grounding switch.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the embodiment of the direct-acting grounding switch of the present invention under the opening state;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the direct-acting grounding switch in Fig. 1 after the upper panel is removed;

Fig. 3 is the right view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the front view of the direct-acting grounding switch in the closed state among the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the crank arm and the spring in the direct-acting grounding switch of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The embodiment of the direct-acting grounding switch in the present invention: as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 5, the direct-acting grounding switch is a direct-acting switch with high short-circuit making capability used in the field of 12kV-40.5kV power distribution complete switchgear. The dynamic electric grounding switch is mainly composed of a pillar insulator 1, a frame 2, a contact assembly 3, an operating mechanism 4, and an electric mechanism 5. The static contact in the contact assembly 3 is fixed on the top of the frame 2 through the post insulator 1, the moving contact in the contact assembly 3 is assembled on the bottom of the frame 2 through the operating mechanism 4, and the moving contact is at the bottom of the operating mechanism 4 Driven to reciprocate in a straight line in the vertical direction, the electric mechanism 5 is transmission-connected to the power input end of the operating mechanism 4 to apply a driving force to the operating mechanism 4 to drive its action.

The direct-acting grounding switch is a three-phase switch. The moving contact and the static contact in the contact assembly 3 of each phase are three-phase separated, and the structure of each phase is basically the same. The single-phase is used as an example for description below. The frame 2 is mainly composed of a rear panel 21, an upper panel 22, a side plate 23 and a bottom plate 24. This frame 2 makes the appearance of the entire direct-acting grounding switch beautiful, and plays a role in protecting the safety of operators and fixing and installing other components. And so on. The inside of the pillar insulator 1 is equipped with a live display device, one end is fixedly installed on the top of the rear panel 21, and the other end supports the static end connection knife body of the fixed fixed contact, which plays the role of supporting the static contact, insulating the ground and displaying the live charge . The contact assembly 3 is mainly composed of a connecting conductor 31, a static contact 32, a guide sleeve 33 and a moving contact 34. The connection and separation of the direct-acting earthing switch realizes the opening and closing of the direct-acting earthing switch. Operating mechanism 4 is mainly made up of second spring seat 41, spring 42, first spring seat 43, crank arm 44, guide slider 45, grounding shaft 46 and main shaft 47, and the effect of operating mechanism 4 is to combine motor operating force and The input of human power is transmitted to the spring 42 and the moving contact 34 to realize the opening and closing action of the moving contact 34. The grounding shaft 46 is a grounding conductor, and the three-phase moving contact 34 is reliably grounded through electrical connection methods such as flexible wires. Electric mechanism 5 is made up of motor 51, primary pinion 52, primary gear 53, two-way overrunning clutch 54, secondary pinion 55 and secondary large gear 56, secondary large gear 56 is fixed on the main shaft 47, motor 51 The input torque is transmitted to the main shaft 47 through the deceleration of the two-stage gear transmission; the effect of the two-way overrunning clutch 54 is to make the two-way input of the motor 51 drive the main shaft 47 to rotate, and when the main shaft 47 is used as the driving shaft, the two-way overrunning clutch 54 makes the main shaft 47 rotate. The main shaft 47 is separated from the single-stage transmission, the main shaft 47 cannot drive the motor 51 to move, realizes the reliable separation of electric and manual operation, and avoids the reverse drive of the motor 51 when the direct-acting grounding switch is quickly closed, because the two-way overrunning clutch 54 is As a market standard product, compared with the existing specially designed clutch, the transmission structure of the electric mechanism 5 in this embodiment is simple, the number of parts is small, and the operation reliability is high.

The main shaft 47 is rotated and assembled on the frame 2 around the axis extending left and right, and the rear end of the crank arm 44 is fixed on the main shaft 47, so that the crank arm 44 is assembled on the frame 2 by pitching and swinging around the axis extending left and right by the main shaft 47, and The front end of crank arm 44 overhangs before main shaft 47, and the cantilevered end of crank arm 44 is provided with the guide groove that extends along the overhang direction, guides slide assembly guide slider 45 along the overhang direction in the guide groove, and guide slider 45 The left and right sides are respectively provided with cylindrical pin shafts, so that the guide slider 45 can guide and move in the guide groove along the overhanging direction of the crank arm 44, and can rotate around the axis extending left and right, and the movable contact 34 can also move. Fixed on the top of the guide slider 45, the top of the movable contact 34 is guided and slid on the upper panel 22 of the frame 2 through the guide sleeve 33 in the up and down direction, so that the movable contact 34 and the crank arm 44 are positioned on the frame 2. A single offset slide block guide rod mechanism is formed on the top to move the moving contact 34 up and down through the pitch swing of the crank arm 44 . The upper end of the spring 42 is hinged on the frame 2 through the second spring seat 41, and the second spring seat 41 is rotated and assembled on the frame 2 around the axis extending left and right through the second hinge point 411; the lower end of the spring 42 passes through the first spring seat 43 is hinged at the rear end of the crank arm 44, and the first hinge point 431 of the first spring seat 43 at the rear end of the crank arm 44 is biased above the overhanging direction of the crank arm 44. When the crank arm 44 swings upwards to the limit position, the movable contact 34 is also closed in place under the push of the crank arm 44, and the connection line between the axis 471 of the main shaft 47 and the first hinge point 431 is defined as the closing Position connection line 61; when the lower swing of the crank arm 44 is bent down to the limit position, the movable contact 34 is also opened and put in place under the traction of the crank arm 44, defining the connection line between the axis 471 of the main shaft 47 and the second hinge point 411 at this time Connect line 62 for the opening position. The second hinge point 411 is located between the connecting line 61 of the closing position and the connecting line 62 of the opening position, and the distance from the second hinge point 411 to the connecting line 62 of the opening position is smaller than the distance of the connecting line 61 of the closing position.

The first spring seat 43 is a T-shaped seat body, wherein the two wing pin shafts of the first spring seat 43 are respectively rotated and assembled on the vertical plate between the side plate 23 and the two side plates 23 of the frame 2, and the vertical rod of the abdomen is worn on the vertical plate. In the middle of the spring 42 , the vertical bar on the abdomen guides and moves along the stretching direction of the spring 42 and is installed in the second spring seat 41 .

A static contact 32 is installed on the lower end surface of the connecting conductor 31, and the static contact 32 is in the shape of a cylinder petal, and there is a hole for the movable contact 34 to be inserted inside. During the opening position, since the static contact 32 is cylindrical and has a large rounded corner at the lower end, the upper end of the movable contact 34 is a ball head and the upper surface of the upper panel 22 is a plane, so that the static contact 32 and the movable contact 34. The grounding fracture electric field formed between the upper panels 22 is more uniform than the existing grounding switch, which reduces the possibility of partial discharge and increases the safety of the grounding switch. The closing process of the direct-acting grounding switch in this embodiment is as follows: driven by the motor 51 or manpower, the main shaft 47 rotates clockwise, which drives the crank arm 44 fixed on the main shaft 47 to rotate clockwise, and at the same time compresses the spring 42 through the pin shaft. , when the spring 42 passes the dead point, the elastic potential energy of the spring 42 is released, driving the crank arm 44 to rotate quickly; there is an elongated pin-hole-shaped guide groove at the bottom where the crank arm 44 is connected with the movable contact 34, and the guide slider 45 The upper end is fixedly connected with the movable contact 34, and the lower end can slide in the guide groove. The upper end of the movable contact 34 is sleeved in the guide sleeve 33 fixed on the frame 2. This structure enables the rotation of the crank arm 44 to be converted into a movable contact. 34 moves in a straight line, driving the moving contact 34 to move quickly and linearly upward to complete the closing, and during the release of the elastic potential energy of the spring 42, the motor 51 is powered off under the control of the program, and at the same time, under the protection of the two-way overrunning clutch 54, the main shaft The rapid rotation of 47 can not be transmitted to motor 51 can not. During the closing process, since the end faces of the static contact 32 and the moving contact 34 are both rounded curved surfaces, the electric field of the grounding fracture is uniform, and at the same time, the rounded corner 321 of the lower end of the static contact 32 and the rounded corner of the upper end of the moving contact 34 Arc-resistant copper-tungsten alloy is used at 341, and the electric field is uniform so that the distance between the moving contact 34 and the static contact 32 at the moment of pre-breakdown of the direct-acting grounding switch is smaller when the short-circuit current is closed, reducing arcing. The test piece reduces the damage of the arc energy, and the copper-tungsten alloy is used to increase the ablation resistance of the contact. In addition, the relative motion of the moving contact 34 and the static contact 32 in the process of linear motion, the arc is on the contact The ablation of the surface is more uniform, and the above-mentioned technical means make the direct-acting grounding switch in this embodiment have a stronger ability to close the short-circuit current. The opening process is opposite to the closing process, and will not be repeated here. At the same time, because the overall layout of the direct-acting grounding switch in this embodiment is compact and the width is small, it is especially suitable for side-mounted switchgears, or applied to other slender spaces in switchgears.

In other embodiments, the upper ends of the dynamic and static contacts can also be made of other arc-resistant materials, and the dynamic and static contacts can also be made of common conductive materials on the grounding switch that does not require short-circuit making capability.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the spring is a cylindrical helical spring. In other embodiments, the spring can also be a tower spring, a torsion spring, etc. The installation positions of the tower spring and the cylindrical helical spring are consistent, and the first hinge point at the lower end of the spring is also It can be in the overhanging direction of the arm; when the spring is a torsion spring, the torsion spring can only press the arm in one direction, that is, the torsion spring can only provide assistance in one process of opening and closing, and apply resistance in the other process , and at this time the torsion spring can be directly assembled on the main shaft, that is, installed between the main shaft and the crank arm to apply the corresponding torque.

Embodiment of the operating mechanism in the present invention: the structure of the operating mechanism in this embodiment is the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment, so it will not be described again.

Claims (10)

1. operating mechanism, the axis comprised around horizontal-extending rotates the main shaft be assemblied in frame, the spin-ended guide being assemblied in the connecting lever on main shaft and being assemblied in along overhanging direction guiding movement on connecting lever projecting end, connecting lever by guide and moving contact hinged, connecting lever, moving contact forms the biased slider waveguide rod mechanism moved up and down by the pitching traction moving contact of connecting lever in frame, it is characterized in that, connecting lever is connected with the moment of torsion for applying upwards pushing tow moving contact in making process to connecting lever, and/or in separating brake process, the elastic component of the moment of torsion drawing moving contact is downwards applied to connecting lever.

2. operating mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, elastic component is the cylindrically coiled spring be connected between connecting lever and frame, one end of cylindrically coiled spring is hinged on connecting lever by the first spring base, the other end is hinged in frame by the second spring base, and the hinge of the first spring base and the interval, axle center of main shaft are arranged.

3. operating mechanism according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, being defined in connecting lever drives the line between axle center and the hinge of the first spring base moving contact being put main shaft when putting in place to closing a floodgate to be closing position line, line when connecting lever drives the moving contact bottom to put in place to separating brake between the axle center of main shaft and the hinge of the first spring base is sub-gate position line, and the hinge of the second spring base is between closing position line and sub-gate position line.

4. operating mechanism according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the hinge of the second spring base is less than the distance of closing position line to the distance of sub-gate position line.

5. operating mechanism according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the hinge of the first spring base is offset to guide and moves linearly on connecting lever the side in direction.

6. operating mechanism as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, main shaft is provided with hand-operated structures and electric transmissio mechanism, and electric transmissio mechanism comprises the driving member be connected on main shaft and the double rolling key clutch be in transmission connection between driving member and motor.

7. Direct Action Type earthed switch, comprise the operating mechanism of frame and upper assembling thereof, the axis that operating mechanism comprises around horizontal-extending rotates the main shaft be assemblied in frame, the spin-ended guide being assemblied in the connecting lever on main shaft and being assemblied in along overhanging direction guiding movement on connecting lever projecting end, connecting lever by guide and moving contact hinged, connecting lever, moving contact forms the biased slider waveguide rod mechanism moved up and down by the pitching traction moving contact of connecting lever in frame, it is characterized in that, connecting lever is connected with the moment of torsion for applying upwards pushing tow moving contact in making process to connecting lever, and/or in separating brake process, the elastic component of the moment of torsion drawing moving contact is downwards applied to connecting lever.

8. Direct Action Type earthed switch according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, elastic component is the cylindrically coiled spring be connected between connecting lever and frame, one end of cylindrically coiled spring is hinged on connecting lever by the first spring base, the other end is hinged in frame by the second spring base, and the hinge of the first spring base and the interval, axle center of main shaft are arranged.

9. Direct Action Type earthed switch according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, being defined in connecting lever drives the line between axle center and the hinge of the first spring base moving contact being put main shaft when putting in place to closing a floodgate to be closing position line, line when connecting lever drives the moving contact bottom to put in place to separating brake between the axle center of main shaft and the hinge of the first spring base is sub-gate position line, and the hinge of the second spring base is between closing position line and sub-gate position line.

10. according to the Direct Action Type earthed switch in claim 7 to 9 described in any one, it is characterized in that, main shaft is provided with hand-operated structures and electric transmissio mechanism, and electric transmissio mechanism comprises the driving member be connected on main shaft and the double rolling key clutch be in transmission connection between driving member and motor.