CN104833432A - Double-phase driving synchronization method of cracking furnace tube outer wall temperature measurer - Google Patents
Double-phase driving synchronization method of cracking furnace tube outer wall temperature measurer Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 28
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 230000002051 biphasic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开一种裂解炉炉管外壁测温仪双相驱动同步方法，包括开启测温仪；等待测量信号；水平驱动电机驱动测温驱动台，测温驱动台带着测温仪沿着裂解炉观火孔的方向在导轨上移动，直到到达设定的观火孔初始位置，随即旋转驱动电机驱动旋转器，旋转器带动测温仪旋转，直到到达设定的初始角度；水平驱动电机和旋转驱动电机配合，使测温仪在沿导轨移动的同时作旋转运动，使得测温仪发射的光斑扫描到观火孔对应的每根炉管的外壁；该观火孔对应的炉管扫描完毕，水平驱动电机和旋转驱动电机停止运行，返回准备下一个观火孔的测量。本发明在水平驱动电机驱动测温驱动台的同时，通过旋转驱动电机驱动旋转器，实现了测温仪的双相运动。
The invention discloses a dual-phase drive synchronization method for a pyrometer on the outer wall of a pyrolysis furnace tube, which includes turning on the pyrometer; waiting for a measurement signal; driving a temperature-measuring drive platform with a horizontal drive motor, and the temperature-measuring drive platform carries the pyrometer along the pyrolysis The direction of the furnace fire viewing hole moves on the guide rail until it reaches the set initial position of the fire viewing hole, and then rotates the drive motor to drive the rotator, and the rotator drives the thermometer to rotate until it reaches the set initial angle; the horizontal drive motor and The rotation drive motor cooperates to make the thermometer rotate along the guide rail at the same time, so that the light spot emitted by the thermometer scans to the outer wall of each furnace tube corresponding to the fire viewing hole; the furnace tube corresponding to the fire viewing hole has been scanned , the horizontal drive motor and the rotary drive motor stop running, and return to prepare for the measurement of the next firehole. The invention realizes the two-phase motion of the temperature measuring instrument by driving the rotator through the rotating driving motor while driving the temperature measuring driving platform by the horizontal driving motor.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及石油化工领域，具体涉及一种裂解炉炉管外壁测温仪双相驱动同步方法。 The invention relates to the field of petrochemical industry, in particular to a two-phase drive synchronization method for a temperature measuring instrument on the outer wall of a cracking furnace tube.
背景技术 Background technique
乙烯工业是石油化工行业重要基体，裂解过程是乙烯工业的关键技术之一。目前我国99%以上乙烯生产采用管式炉蒸汽热裂解技术，裂解炉运行状况直接影响乙烯收率和质量。在裂解炉中，炉管是其中的关键部件，起加热原料和反应器的作用。由于裂解炉炉管长期在高温的复杂环境下运行，易发生由于腐蚀、局部超温等引起的表面氧化、结焦以及高温导致的相变、机械性能下降，造成炉管出现渗碳、开裂、冲刷减薄、弯曲等形式的失效。可以说，在裂解炉管失效的多种形式中，大多数与温度有直接关系。温度是裂解炉管失效的主要影响因素，因此，对裂解炉最重要的操作之一就是监控炉管的失效状况，采取的手段是监测和比较炉管外壁温度和裂解炉辐射段炉管气体出口温度（简称COT）。 The ethylene industry is an important substrate in the petrochemical industry, and the cracking process is one of the key technologies in the ethylene industry. At present, more than 99% of my country's ethylene production uses tube furnace steam pyrolysis technology, and the operating status of the cracking furnace directly affects the yield and quality of ethylene. In the cracking furnace, the furnace tube is the key component, which plays the role of heating the raw material and the reactor. Since the furnace tube of the cracking furnace operates in a high-temperature complex environment for a long time, it is prone to surface oxidation, coking caused by corrosion, local over-temperature, etc., as well as phase change and mechanical performance degradation caused by high temperature, resulting in carburization, cracking, and erosion of the furnace tube. Failure in the form of thinning, bending, etc. It can be said that among the various forms of cracking furnace tube failure, most of them are directly related to temperature. Temperature is the main factor affecting the failure of the cracking furnace tube. Therefore, one of the most important operations for the cracking furnace is to monitor the failure status of the furnace tube. The method adopted is to monitor and compare the temperature of the outer wall of the furnace tube and the gas outlet of the furnace tube in the radiant section of the cracking furnace. Temperature (COT for short).
要实现实时高精度的裂解炉管外壁温度测量，理论上可用红外热像仪进行分析，但红外热像仪价格昂贵，需配套复杂的图像分析处理软件，且可靠性低、操作不方便，因此大大限制了它的推广应用。 In order to achieve real-time and high-precision measurement of the temperature of the outer wall of the cracking furnace tube, theoretically, an infrared thermal imager can be used for analysis, but the infrared thermal imager is expensive, needs to be equipped with complex image analysis and processing software, and has low reliability and inconvenient operation. Greatly limited its promotion and application.
目前，公知公用的测量裂解炉管外壁温度的方法是通过人工手持非接触的红外测温仪，经裂解炉观火孔，进行逐管定位，逐管测温。这种人工手持测温方法有以下困难： At present, the known method of measuring the temperature of the outer wall of the cracking furnace tube is to use a hand-held non-contact infrared thermometer to perform tube-by-tube positioning and tube-by-tube temperature measurement through the cracking furnace fire viewing hole. This manual hand-held temperature measurement method has the following difficulties:
1、观火孔小，能清晰观察到的炉膛范围比较有限。 1. The fire viewing hole is small, and the range of the furnace that can be clearly observed is relatively limited.
2、作业环境恶劣：炉膛烟火大且温度高（达到1200℃），观火孔热辐射大，测温环境温度高，并伴有振动和噪音，测温环境恶劣。 2. The operating environment is harsh: the furnace has large fireworks and high temperature (up to 1200°C), the heat radiation of the fire viewing hole is large, the temperature measurement environment is high in temperature, accompanied by vibration and noise, and the temperature measurement environment is harsh.
3、炉管定位难：炉管排列无规律，管间时密时疏，偶有前后遮挡，并伴有微小晃动，因此难以准确定位。 3. Difficult positioning of the furnace tubes: the arrangement of the furnace tubes is irregular, the tubes are sometimes dense and sometimes sparse, and there are occasional front and rear occlusions, accompanied by slight shaking, so it is difficult to locate accurately.
4、温度测量值难以甄别：识别所测温度是炉膛内壁温度还是炉管外壁温度，具体是哪根炉管的温度十分困难。 4. It is difficult to distinguish the temperature measurement value: it is very difficult to identify whether the measured temperature is the temperature of the inner wall of the furnace or the outer wall of the furnace tube, and which furnace tube is the temperature.
5、炉膛烟火对红外测温扰动厉害，非线性补偿模型构建非常困难。 5. Furnace pyrotechnics disturb the infrared temperature measurement severely, and it is very difficult to construct a nonlinear compensation model.
6、裂解炉经过长时间运行和多次检修，观火孔厚度、观火孔至炉管距离、观火孔形状及大小等发生了根本变化，重现性差。 6. After long-term operation and multiple inspections of the cracking furnace, the thickness of the fire viewing hole, the distance from the fire viewing hole to the furnace tube, the shape and size of the fire viewing hole have undergone fundamental changes, and the reproducibility is poor.
现有技术中已经出现了克服现有的人工手持炉管外壁测温方法弊端的炉管壁温自动测量仪，如申请号为201410666748.5的中国发明专利文献公开了一种裂解炉炉管外壁与炉膛内壁的温度甄别方法及测量装置，该方法在通过红外测温模块非接触地测量炉管壁温时，同时通过激光测距模块测量被测对象的距离，从而达到自动测量壁温并甄别测温对象的目的。但是为了能观测到观火孔对应的全部炉管，测温仪移动时，还需进行同步旋转。因此，测温仪的运动是双相运动，需进行同步。 In the prior art, there has been an automatic furnace tube wall temperature measuring instrument that overcomes the disadvantages of the existing manual hand-held furnace tube outer wall temperature measurement method. For example, the Chinese invention patent document with the application number 201410666748.5 discloses a cracking furnace furnace tube outer wall and furnace Inner wall temperature screening method and measuring device, the method measures the furnace tube wall temperature non-contactly through the infrared temperature measurement module, and simultaneously measures the distance of the measured object through the laser distance measurement module, so as to automatically measure the wall temperature and screen the temperature measurement object purpose. However, in order to observe all the furnace tubes corresponding to the fire observation hole, when the thermometer moves, it needs to rotate synchronously. Therefore, the movement of the thermometer is biphasic and needs to be synchronized.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是解决现有技术的缺陷，提供一种裂解炉炉管外壁测温仪双相驱动同步方法，采用的技术方案如下： The purpose of the present invention is to solve the defects of the prior art, to provide a dual-phase drive synchronization method for a cracking furnace tube outer wall thermometer, the technical scheme adopted is as follows:
一种裂解炉炉管外壁测温仪双相驱动同步方法，包括以下步骤： A two-phase drive synchronization method for a cracking furnace tube outer wall thermometer, comprising the following steps:
S1.开启测温仪； S1. Turn on the thermometer;
S2.等待测量信号； S2. Waiting for a measurement signal;
S3.通过水平驱动电机驱动测温驱动台，使得测温驱动台带着测温仪沿着裂解炉观火孔的方向在导轨上移动，直到到达设定的观火孔初始位置，随即通过旋转驱动电机驱动旋转器，使得旋转器带动测温仪旋转，直到到达设定的初始角度； S3. Drive the temperature measurement drive platform through the horizontal drive motor, so that the temperature measurement drive platform moves on the guide rail along the direction of the cracking furnace fire viewing hole with the thermometer until it reaches the set initial position of the fire viewing hole, and then passes through the rotation The drive motor drives the rotator, so that the rotator drives the thermometer to rotate until it reaches the set initial angle;
S4.水平驱动电机和旋转驱动电机配合，使测温仪在沿导轨移动的同时作旋转运动，使得测温仪发射的光斑扫描到观火孔对应的每根炉管的外壁； S4. The horizontal drive motor cooperates with the rotary drive motor to make the thermometer rotate while moving along the guide rail, so that the light spot emitted by the thermometer scans to the outer wall of each furnace tube corresponding to the fire viewing hole;
S5.该观火孔对应的炉管扫描完毕，水平驱动电机和旋转驱动电机停止运行，返回S2。 S5. After scanning the furnace tube corresponding to the fire viewing hole, the horizontal driving motor and the rotating driving motor stop running, and return to S2.
本发明通过水平驱动电机驱动测温驱动台带着测温仪沿着导轨移动，同时通过旋转驱动电机驱动旋转器旋转，使得测温仪在导轨上移动的同时作旋转运动，实现了测温仪的双相运动，从而使得测温仪发射的光斑能够扫描到观火孔对应的全部炉管。 The invention drives the temperature measuring drive table to move the thermometer along the guide rail through the horizontal drive motor, and at the same time drives the rotator to rotate through the rotating drive motor, so that the thermometer rotates while moving on the guide rail, and realizes the thermometer The two-phase movement, so that the light spot emitted by the thermometer can scan all the furnace tubes corresponding to the fire viewing hole.
作为优选，所述步骤S3具体为：水平驱动电机驱动测温驱动台，测温驱动台带着测温仪在导轨上向左移动，直到测温驱动台内的第一接近开关与导轨上的第一定位件位于同一竖轴，并以此位置为参考继续向前移动距离S；随即旋转驱动电机驱动旋转器，旋转器带动测温仪逆时针旋转，直到旋转器上的第二定位件被第二接近开关检测到，并以此位置为参考顺时针旋转一定的角度β。 Preferably, the step S3 is specifically: drive the temperature measurement drive table horizontally, and the temperature measurement drive table moves to the left on the guide rail with the thermometer until the first proximity switch in the temperature measurement drive table and the first proximity switch on the guide rail The first positioning part is located on the same vertical axis, and continues to move the distance S forward with this position as a reference; then the rotating drive motor drives the rotator, and the rotator drives the thermometer to rotate counterclockwise until the second positioning part on the rotator is moved The second proximity switch detects and rotates a certain angle β clockwise with this position as a reference.
测温仪在导轨上的移动方向和旋转方向可根据实际生产中裂解炉炉管的排列和测量方向设计，因此所述步骤S3还可以为：水平驱动电机驱动测温驱动台，测温驱动台带着测温仪在导轨上向右移动，直到测温驱动台内的第一接近开关与导轨上的第一定位件位于同一竖轴，并以此位置为参考继续向前移动距离S；旋转驱动电机驱动旋转器，旋转器带动测温仪顺时针旋转，直到旋转器上的第二定位件被第二接近开关检测到，并以此位置为参考逆时针旋转一定的角度β。 The direction of movement and rotation of the thermometer on the guide rail can be designed according to the arrangement and measurement direction of the cracking furnace tubes in actual production, so the step S3 can also be: the horizontal drive motor drives the temperature measurement drive platform, the temperature measurement drive platform Move the thermometer to the right on the guide rail until the first proximity switch in the temperature measurement driving platform is on the same vertical axis as the first positioning part on the guide rail, and continue to move forward for a distance S with this position as a reference; rotate The drive motor drives the rotator, and the rotator drives the thermometer to rotate clockwise until the second positioning part on the rotator is detected by the second proximity switch, and rotates counterclockwise by a certain angle β with this position as a reference.
接近开关是指当物体与其接近到设定距离时就可以发出动作信号的开关，它无需和物体直接接触，即可检测是否有物体靠近。通过将接近开关或被检测物安装在固定的部件，另一方安装在运动部件，即可实现运动部件的位置检测或定位。接近开关有很多种类，主要有电磁式、光电式、差动变压器式、电涡流式、电容式、干簧管、霍尔式等，它们可检测的物体不同，即不同类型的接近开关要配合不同类型的定位块使用。如电涡流式接近开关只能检测导电体，因此，当使用电涡流式接近开关时，定位块必须是导电体。通过接近开关和定位件的配合，实现了测温仪初始测量位置的精确定位。 A proximity switch is a switch that can send out an action signal when an object approaches it to a set distance. It can detect whether an object is approaching without direct contact with the object. By installing the proximity switch or the object to be detected on a fixed part and the other on a moving part, the position detection or positioning of the moving part can be realized. There are many types of proximity switches, mainly electromagnetic type, photoelectric type, differential transformer type, eddy current type, capacitive type, reed switch, Hall type, etc. They can detect different objects, that is, different types of proximity switches should be matched Different types of positioning blocks are used. For example, the eddy current proximity switch can only detect conductors, so when using the eddy current proximity switch, the positioning block must be a conductor. Through the cooperation of the proximity switch and the positioning piece, the precise positioning of the initial measurement position of the thermometer is realized.
作为优选，所述第一接近开关为霍尔开关，所述第一定位件为磁体。 Preferably, the first proximity switch is a Hall switch, and the first positioning member is a magnet.
霍尔元件是一种磁敏元件，利用霍尔元件做成的开关，称为霍尔开关。当霍尔开关接近磁体时，霍尔开关检测面上的霍尔元件因产生霍尔效应而使开关内部电路状态发生变化，由此识别附近是否有磁性物体存在，从而实现位置检测或定位。 The Hall element is a magnetic sensitive element, and the switch made of the Hall element is called a Hall switch. When the Hall switch is close to the magnet, the Hall element on the detection surface of the Hall switch changes the state of the internal circuit of the switch due to the Hall effect, thereby identifying whether there is a magnetic object nearby, thereby realizing position detection or positioning.
作为优选，所述第二接近开关为光电开关，所述第二定位件为挡板。 Preferably, the second proximity switch is a photoelectric switch, and the second positioning member is a baffle.
光电开关是利用光电效应制造而成的零件，当有反光面即被检测物体接近时，光电开关内光电器件接收到反射光后便在信号输出，由此便可感知是否有物体接近。 The photoelectric switch is a part made of photoelectric effect. When there is a reflective surface, that is, when the object to be detected is approaching, the photoelectric device in the photoelectric switch receives the reflected light and outputs a signal, so that it can sense whether there is an object approaching.
作为优选，所述步骤S4中水平驱动电机的速度和旋转驱动电机的角速度满足以下关系： As a preference, the speed of the horizontal drive motor and the angular velocity of the rotary drive motor in the step S4 satisfy the following relationship:
（1） (1)
其中，ω是旋转驱动电机的速度，V1是水平驱动电机的速度， H1是导轨平面离裂解炉炉管平面的距离，H2是导轨平面与裂解炉观火孔的距离，H3是裂解炉观火孔深度。 Among them, ω is the speed of the rotary drive motor, V1 is the speed of the horizontal drive motor, H1 is the distance between the plane of the guide rail and the furnace tube plane of the cracking furnace, H2 is the distance between the plane of the guide rail and the fire viewing hole of the cracking furnace, and H3 is Depth of cracking furnace viewing hole.
现有技术中，只存在在只有直线运动或曲线运动情景下的光斑位置和移动速度的控制，但这两种都只是在“线”这一层面上对光斑位置和移动速度进行控制，而本发明的测温仪在进行直线运动的同时还进行旋转运动，因此需要在“面”这一层面上对测温仪发出的光斑进行位置和移动速度的控制。在旋转器旋转的角速度和测温驱动台的移动速度满足式（1）的时候，就能保证测温仪打出的光斑始终在管道平面上匀速地扫描到观火孔对应的每根炉管的外壁。 In the prior art, there is only the control of the spot position and moving speed in the case of only linear motion or curved motion, but both of them only control the spot position and moving speed at the level of "line", while this The invented thermometer also performs rotary motion while performing linear motion, so it is necessary to control the position and moving speed of the light spot emitted by the thermometer at the "surface" level. When the rotational angular velocity of the rotator and the moving speed of the temperature measurement drive table satisfy the formula (1), it can be ensured that the light spot produced by the thermometer is always scanned at a uniform speed on the pipeline plane to the position of each furnace tube corresponding to the fire observation hole. outer wall.
作为优选，所述水平驱动电机和旋转驱动电机为步进电机。 Preferably, the horizontal driving motor and the rotating driving motor are stepping motors.
由人工测量出H1、H2和H3，给定水平驱动电机的移动速度V1，再由上式求得ω，知道V1和ω后， 根据步进电机速度与脉冲频率、步进电机驱动器细分数的关系即可将相应的速度和角速度转化为步进电机所需脉冲的脉冲频率，从而实现测温驱动台和旋转器的速度控制，其中，步进电机驱动器细分数可通过查询电机参数得到。 H 1 , H 2 and H 3 are manually measured, given the moving speed V 1 of the horizontal drive motor, and then obtained ω by the above formula, after knowing V 1 and ω, according to the stepping motor speed and pulse frequency, step The relationship between the subdivision number of the motor driver can convert the corresponding speed and angular velocity into the pulse frequency of the pulse required by the stepper motor, so as to realize the speed control of the temperature measurement drive table and the rotator, wherein the subdivision number of the stepper motor driver can be Obtained by querying the motor parameters.
本发明的有益效果：实现了测温仪的双相运动，使得测温仪能扫描到观火孔对应的全部炉管的外壁；通过接近开关和定位件的配合，实现了测温仪测量温度时初始位置的精准定位；水平驱动电机和旋转驱动电机之间的速度相互配合，使得测温仪能均匀地扫描到观火孔对应的全部炉管；采用步进电机，方便地实现了对水平驱动电机和旋转驱动电机的速度控制。 Beneficial effects of the present invention: the two-phase movement of the thermometer is realized, so that the thermometer can scan the outer walls of all the furnace tubes corresponding to the fire viewing holes; through the cooperation of the proximity switch and the positioning part, the temperature measurement of the thermometer is realized Accurate positioning of the initial position; the speed between the horizontal drive motor and the rotary drive motor cooperates so that the thermometer can evenly scan all the furnace tubes corresponding to the fire viewing hole; the stepping motor is used to conveniently realize the horizontal Speed control of drive motors and rotary drive motors.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例的流程图； Fig. 1 is the flowchart of the embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例扫描炉管的过程示意图； Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the process of scanning furnace tubes according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明实施例水平驱动电机速度与旋转驱动电机角速度关系图。 Fig. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the speed of the horizontal drive motor and the angular velocity of the rotary drive motor according to the embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结构附图和实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。 The following structural drawings and embodiments describe the present invention in further detail.
实施例： Example:
如图1所示，本实施例的一种裂解炉炉管外壁测温仪双相驱动同步方法包括以下步骤： As shown in Figure 1, a kind of pyrolysis furnace tube outer wall thermometer dual-phase drive synchronous method of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:
S1.开启测温仪； S1. Turn on the thermometer;
S2.等待测量信号； S2. Waiting for a measurement signal;
S3. 水平驱动电机驱动测温驱动台，测温驱动台带着测温仪在导轨上向左移动，直到测温驱动台内的第一接近开关与导轨上的第一定位件位于同一竖轴，并以此位置为参考继续向前移动距离S；随即旋转驱动电机驱动旋转器，旋转器带动测温仪逆时针旋转，直到旋转器上的第二定位件被第二接近开关检测到，并以此位置为参考顺时针旋转一定的角度β； S3. The horizontal drive motor drives the temperature measurement drive table, and the temperature measurement drive table moves to the left on the guide rail with the thermometer until the first proximity switch in the temperature measurement drive table and the first positioning part on the guide rail are on the same vertical axis , and continue to move the distance S forward with this position as a reference; then rotate the drive motor to drive the rotator, and the rotator drives the thermometer to rotate counterclockwise until the second positioning part on the rotator is detected by the second proximity switch, and Rotate a certain angle β clockwise with this position as a reference;
S4.水平驱动电机和旋转驱动电机配合，使测温仪在沿导轨向左移动的同时作顺时针旋转运动，使得测温仪发射的光斑扫描到观火孔对应的每根炉管的外壁； S4. The horizontal drive motor cooperates with the rotary drive motor to make the thermometer rotate clockwise while moving to the left along the guide rail, so that the light spot emitted by the thermometer scans to the outer wall of each furnace tube corresponding to the fire viewing hole;
S5.该观火孔对应的炉管扫描完毕，水平驱动电机和旋转驱动电机停止运行，返回S2。 S5. After scanning the furnace tube corresponding to the fire viewing hole, the horizontal driving motor and the rotating driving motor stop running, and return to S2.
如图2所示，水平驱动电机驱动测温驱动台，测温驱动台带着测温仪在导轨3上水平向左移动，直到测温驱动台内的霍尔开关与导轨3上的磁体5位于同一竖轴，并以磁体5所在位置为参考继续移动距离S，到达观火孔初始位置4；随即旋转驱动电机驱动旋转器，旋转器带动测温仪逆时针旋转，直到旋转器上的挡板被光电开关检测到，记此时的位置为0°，并以0°为参考位置顺时针旋转角度β，到达初始位置。水平驱动电机驱动测温驱动台继续向左移动，旋转驱动电机驱动旋转器继续顺时针旋转，使测温仪在沿导轨3移动的同时顺时针作旋转运动，从而使得测温仪发射的光斑扫描到观火孔2对应的每根炉管6的外壁。 As shown in Figure 2, the horizontal drive motor drives the temperature measurement drive table, and the temperature measurement drive table moves horizontally on the guide rail 3 with the thermometer until the Hall switch in the temperature measurement drive table and the magnet 5 on the guide rail 3 Located on the same vertical axis, continue to move the distance S with reference to the position of the magnet 5, and reach the initial position 4 of the fire viewing hole; then rotate and drive the motor to drive the rotator, and the rotator drives the thermometer to rotate counterclockwise until the stop on the rotator The board is detected by the photoelectric switch, and the position at this time is recorded as 0°, and the angle β is rotated clockwise with 0° as the reference position to reach the initial position. The horizontal drive motor drives the temperature measurement drive platform to continue to move to the left, and the rotary drive motor drives the rotator to continue to rotate clockwise, so that the thermometer rotates clockwise while moving along the guide rail 3, so that the light spot emitted by the thermometer can be scanned To the outer wall of each furnace tube 6 corresponding to the fire observation hole 2.
进一步地，所述步骤S4中水平驱动电机的速度和旋转驱动电机的角速度满足以下关系： Further, the speed of the horizontal drive motor and the angular velocity of the rotary drive motor in the step S4 satisfy the following relationship:
（1） (1)
其中，ω是旋转驱动电机的速度，V1是水平驱动电机的速度， H1是导轨平面离裂解炉炉管平面的距离，H2是导轨平面与裂解炉观火孔的距离，H3是裂解炉观火孔深度。 Among them, ω is the speed of the rotary drive motor, V1 is the speed of the horizontal drive motor, H1 is the distance between the plane of the guide rail and the furnace tube plane of the cracking furnace, H2 is the distance between the plane of the guide rail and the fire viewing hole of the cracking furnace, and H3 is Depth of cracking furnace viewing hole.
本发明的光斑既进行直线运动也进行旋转运动，而要想实现均匀扫描的效果，必须保证在工作过程中，光斑始终在炉管6所在平面上匀速移动。现有技术中只存在在只有直线运动或曲线运动的情况下对光斑的位置和移动速度进行控制的方法，因此要想实现本发明中光斑的位置和移动速度的控制，必须研究一种新的控制方法。 The light spot of the present invention performs both linear motion and rotational motion, and in order to achieve the effect of uniform scanning, it must be ensured that the light spot moves at a constant speed on the plane where the furnace tube 6 is located during the working process. In the prior art, there is only a method of controlling the position and moving speed of the light spot in the case of only linear motion or curved motion, so in order to realize the control of the position and moving speed of the light spot in the present invention, a new method must be studied. Control Method.
如图3所示，给定水平驱动电机向左移动的速度V1，以炉管6所在平面为参考系，要使测温仪打出的光斑停留在炉管6所在平面，则要给旋转器一定的旋转速度V2，分析可知V1、V2关系为 ： As shown in Figure 3, given the speed V 1 of the horizontal drive motor moving to the left, taking the plane where the furnace tube 6 is located as the reference system, to make the light spot produced by the thermometer stay on the plane where the furnace tube 6 is located, it is necessary to give the rotator For a certain rotation speed V 2 , the analysis shows that the relationship between V 1 and V 2 is:
（2） (2)
其中θ是测温仪扫描测温的角度。 Where θ is the angle at which the thermometer scans the temperature.
同时，为了保证测温仪能均匀地扫描到每根炉管的外壁，必须使得光斑在管道平面上匀速移动，这样，旋转器的速度在满足式(2)的基础上，还需要再叠加一个能使得光斑匀速移动的速度分量V3，分析知V1、V3的关系为： At the same time, in order to ensure that the thermometer can evenly scan the outer wall of each furnace tube, the light spot must move at a constant speed on the tube plane. In this way, the speed of the rotator needs to be superimposed on the basis of formula (2). The velocity component V 3 that can make the light spot move at a uniform speed, the relationship between V 1 and V 3 is known through analysis:
(3) (3)
简化（3）式得 Simplify (3) to get
(4) (4)
其中，R是测温仪的扫描半径，可由下式计算： Among them, R is the scanning radius of the thermometer, which can be calculated by the following formula:
(5) (5)
结合式（2）和式（4），可得旋转驱动电机角速度ω为 Combining formula (2) and formula (4), the angular velocity ω of the rotating drive motor can be obtained as
（6） (6)
结合式子（5）和式子（6）可得旋转驱动电机角速度ω为 Combining formula (5) and formula (6), the angular velocity ω of the rotary drive motor can be obtained as
（1） (1)
进一步地，所述水平驱动电机和旋转驱动电机为步进电机。 Further, the horizontal driving motor and the rotating driving motor are stepping motors.
由人工测量出H1、H2和H3，给定水平驱动电机的移动速度V1，再由上式求得ω，知道V1和ω后， 根据步进电机速度与脉冲频率、步进电机驱动器细分数的关系即可将相应的速度和角速度转化为步进电机所需脉冲的脉冲频率，从而实现测温驱动台与旋转器速度的同步控制，其中，步进电机驱动器细分数可通过查询电机参数得到。 H 1 , H 2 and H 3 are manually measured, given the moving speed V 1 of the horizontal drive motor, and then obtained ω by the above formula, after knowing V 1 and ω, according to the stepping motor speed and pulse frequency, step The relationship between the subdivision number of the motor driver can convert the corresponding speed and angular velocity into the pulse frequency of the pulse required by the stepping motor, so as to realize the synchronous control of the speed of the temperature measurement drive table and the rotator. Among them, the subdivision number of the stepping motor driver It can be obtained by querying the motor parameters.
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