CN104832970B - Absorption type heat exchanger unit - Google Patents
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 178
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种吸收式换热机组，包括锅炉、吸收式热泵、换热器及管路系统，管路系统经过锅炉、吸收式热泵和换热器；其中，吸收式热泵包括发生器、蒸发器、吸收器和冷凝器，管路系统包括一次侧管路和二次侧管路，一次侧管路串联经过锅炉、发生器与换热器，一次侧管路的一次水依次经过锅炉和发生器再流经换热器后流出吸收式换热机组；二次侧管路并联经过蒸发器、吸收器、冷凝器和换热器，这样能够大大降低一次水的阻力，使得发生器内的一次侧管路和蒸发器内的二次侧管路的流速增加，进而提高发生器和蒸发器的换热系数，降低供热成本，减小吸收式机组的体积。
The invention provides an absorption heat exchange unit, which includes a boiler, an absorption heat pump, a heat exchanger and a pipeline system. The pipeline system passes through the boiler, the absorption heat pump and the heat exchanger; wherein, the absorption heat pump includes a generator, The evaporator, absorber and condenser, the piping system includes the primary side pipeline and the secondary side pipeline, the primary side pipeline passes through the boiler, the generator and the heat exchanger in series, and the primary water in the primary side pipeline passes through the boiler and the secondary side pipeline in sequence. The generator flows through the heat exchanger and then flows out of the absorption heat exchange unit; the secondary side pipeline passes through the evaporator, absorber, condenser and heat exchanger in parallel, which can greatly reduce the resistance of the primary water and make the water in the generator The flow velocity of the primary side pipeline and the secondary side pipeline in the evaporator is increased, thereby improving the heat transfer coefficient of the generator and the evaporator, reducing the heating cost, and reducing the volume of the absorption unit.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及热交换器技术领域，特别是涉及一种与锅炉结合的吸收式换热机组。The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, in particular to an absorption heat exchange unit combined with a boiler.
背景技术Background technique
随着城市集中供热规模的不断增加，集中热源产生高温热水往往需要经过较长距离的输送才能到达热用户处。在相同供热负荷的情况下，增大热水的供水与回水温差可以减少输送的热水流量，从而降低输配管道的初投资，并减少系统运行过程中水泵的耗电量，因此能够节约供热能耗，降低供热成本。With the continuous increase of the scale of urban central heating, high-temperature hot water generated by centralized heat sources often needs to be transported over a long distance to reach heat users. In the case of the same heating load, increasing the temperature difference between hot water supply and return water can reduce the hot water flow, thereby reducing the initial investment of transmission and distribution pipelines, and reducing the power consumption of water pumps during system operation, so it can Save heating energy consumption and reduce heating costs.
目前，热力站通常采用板式换热器进行换热，由于受到换热端温差的限制，导致一次网回水温度必然高于二次网进水温度。这样要提高供热能力，只能增设供热管网，进而导致增加供热成本。At present, thermal stations usually use plate heat exchangers for heat exchange. Due to the limitation of the temperature difference at the heat exchange end, the return water temperature of the primary network must be higher than the inlet water temperature of the secondary network. In order to improve the heating capacity in this way, the only way to increase the heating pipe network is to increase the heating cost.
热力站还采用换热器与锅炉组合的结构进行换热，但是采用上述结构进行换热时，一次侧水阻力较大，发生器和蒸发器管内水的流速较低，换热系数不高，进而导致机组体积较大，增加供热成本。The thermal station also adopts the combination structure of heat exchanger and boiler for heat exchange, but when the above structure is used for heat exchange, the water resistance on the primary side is relatively large, the flow rate of water in the generator and evaporator tubes is low, and the heat transfer coefficient is not high. This leads to a larger volume of the unit and increases heating costs.
发明内容Contents of the invention
基于此，有必要针对采用现有的换热器与锅炉组合的结构进行换热时，存在一次侧水阻力较大、换热系数不高的问题，提供一种能够减小一次侧水阻力、提高换热系数的吸收式换热机组。上述目的通过下述技术方案实现：Based on this, it is necessary to address the problems of large primary side water resistance and low heat transfer coefficient when using the existing heat exchanger and boiler combined structure for heat exchange, and provide a method that can reduce the primary side water resistance, An absorption heat exchange unit with improved heat transfer coefficient. Above-mentioned purpose realizes through following technical scheme:
一种吸收式换热机组，包括锅炉、吸收式热泵、换热器及管路系统，所述管路系统经过所述锅炉、所述吸收式热泵和所述换热器；An absorption heat exchange unit, including a boiler, an absorption heat pump, a heat exchanger, and a piping system, the piping system passing through the boiler, the absorption heat pump, and the heat exchanger;
其中，所述吸收式热泵包括发生器、蒸发器、吸收器和冷凝器，所述管路系统包括一次侧管路和二次侧管路，所述一次侧管路串联经过所述锅炉、所述发生器与所述换热器，所述一次侧管路的一次水依次经过所述锅炉和所述发生器再流经所述换热器后流出所述吸收式换热机组；所述二次侧管路并联经过所述蒸发器、所述吸收器、所述冷凝器和所述换热器。Wherein, the absorption heat pump includes a generator, an evaporator, an absorber, and a condenser, and the pipeline system includes a primary side pipeline and a secondary side pipeline, and the primary side pipeline passes through the boiler, the The generator and the heat exchanger, the primary water in the primary side pipeline passes through the boiler and the generator in sequence, then flows through the heat exchanger and then flows out of the absorption heat exchange unit; The secondary pipeline passes through the evaporator, the absorber, the condenser and the heat exchanger in parallel.
在其中一个实施例中，所述换热器的数量为n个，分别为第一级换热器、第二级换热器、…、第n级换热器，所述二次侧管路包括n+1个并联支路，分别为二次侧第一级支路、二次侧第二级支路、二次侧第三级支路、…、二次侧第n级支路和二次侧第n+1级支路，其中n为正整数，所述二次侧第一级支路、所述二次侧第二级支路、…、所述二次侧第n级支路和所述二次侧第n+1级支路在所述吸收式热泵的进口处分开，所述二次侧第二级支路和所述二次侧第n+1级支路在所述第n级换热器的出口处合并，所述二次侧第二级支路和所述二次侧第n+1级支路合并后再与所述二次侧第n级支路在所述第n-1级换热器的出口处合并，…，所述二次侧第二级支路、…、所述二次侧第n级支路和所述二次侧第n+1级支路合并后再与所述二次侧第三级支路在第二级换热器的出口处合并，所述二次侧第二级支路、所述二次侧第三级支路、…、所述二次侧第n级支路和所述二次侧第n+1级支路合并后再与所述二次侧第一级支路在所述第一级换热器的出口处合并。In one of the embodiments, the number of the heat exchangers is n, which are the first-stage heat exchanger, the second-stage heat exchanger, ..., the nth-stage heat exchanger, and the secondary side pipeline Including n+1 parallel branches, which are respectively the first-level branch on the secondary side, the second-level branch on the secondary side, the third-level branch on the secondary side, ..., the nth-level branch on the secondary side and the second-level branch The n+1th level branch on the secondary side, where n is a positive integer, the first level branch on the secondary side, the second level branch on the secondary side, ..., the nth level branch on the secondary side The n+1th branch of the secondary side is separated at the inlet of the absorption heat pump, and the second branch of the secondary side and the n+1th branch of the secondary side are separated at the inlet of the absorption heat pump. The outlet of the n-th stage heat exchanger is merged, and the second-stage branch on the secondary side and the n+1-th stage branch on the secondary side are combined and then combined with the n-th-stage branch on the secondary side at the The outlet of the n-1th stage heat exchanger is merged, ..., the second-stage branch of the secondary side, ..., the n-th-stage branch of the secondary side and the n+1-th stage of the secondary side After the branches are merged, they are merged with the secondary-side third-level branch at the outlet of the second-level heat exchanger, the secondary-side second-level branch, the secondary-side third-level branch, ..., the secondary-side nth-level branch and the secondary-side n+1-th-level branch are combined and then combined with the secondary-side first-level branch at the outlet of the first-level heat exchanger merged.
在其中一个实施例中，所述二次侧第一级支路经过所述吸收器和所述冷凝器，所述二次侧第二级支路经过所述蒸发器与所述第n级换热器，所述二次侧第n+1级支路与所述二次侧第二级支路合并后经过所述第n-1级换热器，…，所述二次侧第二级支路、…、所述二次侧第n级支路、所述二次侧第n+1级支路与所述二次侧第三级支路合并后经过所述第二级换热器，所述二次侧第二级支路、所述二次侧第三级支路、…、所述二次侧第n级支路、所述二次侧第n+1级支路与所述二次侧第一级支路合并后经过所述第一级换热器；In one of the embodiments, the secondary-side first-stage branch passes through the absorber and the condenser, and the secondary-side second-stage branch passes through the evaporator to exchange with the nth stage Heater, the n+1th branch of the secondary side is merged with the second-stage branch of the secondary side and passes through the n-1th stage heat exchanger, ..., the second-stage of the secondary side The branch, ..., the secondary side nth level branch, the secondary side n+1th level branch and the secondary side third level branch are combined to pass through the second level heat exchanger , the secondary-side second-level branch, the secondary-side third-level branch, ..., the secondary-side nth-level branch, the secondary-side n+1-th level branch and the The first-stage branches on the secondary side are merged and pass through the first-stage heat exchanger;
所述二次侧管路的二次水分别流入所述二次侧第一级支路、所述二次侧第二级支路、所述二次侧第三级支路、…、所述二次侧第n级支路和所述二次侧第n+1级支路，所述二次侧第二级支路的二次水流经所述蒸发器与所述第n级换热器，所述二次侧第n+1级支路的二次水与所述二次侧第二级支路的二次水混合后流经所述第n-1级换热器，…，所述二次侧第二级支路的二次水、…、所述二次侧第n级支路的二次水、所述二次侧第n+1级支路的二次水与所述二次侧第三级支路的二次水混合后流经所述第二级换热器，所述二次侧第二级支路的二次水、所述二次侧第三级支路的二次水、…、所述二次侧第n级支路的二次水、所述二次侧第n+1级支路的二次水与所述二次侧第一级支路的二次水混合后流经所述第一级换热器，再与依次流经所述吸收器和所述冷凝器的所述二次侧第一级支路的二次水混合后流出所述吸收式换热机组。The secondary water in the secondary side pipeline respectively flows into the secondary side first-level branch, the secondary side second-level branch, the secondary side third-level branch, ..., the The nth branch on the secondary side and the n+1th branch on the secondary side, the secondary water in the second branch on the secondary side flows through the evaporator and the nth heat exchanger , the secondary water in the n+1th branch of the secondary side is mixed with the secondary water in the second branch of the secondary side, and then flows through the n-1th heat exchanger, ..., so The secondary water of the second branch of the secondary side, ..., the secondary water of the nth branch of the secondary side, the secondary water of the n+1th branch of the secondary side and the The secondary water in the third-level branch on the secondary side is mixed and flows through the second-level heat exchanger, the secondary water in the second-level branch on the secondary side, the third-level branch on the secondary side Secondary water of the secondary side, ..., the secondary water of the nth branch of the secondary side, the secondary water of the n+1th branch of the secondary side and the secondary water of the first branch of the secondary side The secondary water flows through the first-stage heat exchanger after being mixed, and then flows out of the Absorption heat exchanger unit.
在其中一个实施例中，所述换热器的数量为一个，所述二次侧管路包括两个并联支路，所述两个并联支路从所述吸收式热泵的进口处分开，并在所述换热器的出口处合并。In one of the embodiments, the number of the heat exchanger is one, the secondary side pipeline includes two parallel branches, the two parallel branches are separated from the inlet of the absorption heat pump, and Combined at the outlet of the heat exchanger.
在其中一个实施例中，其中一个所述并联支路经过所述吸收器和所述冷凝器，另一所述并联支路经过所述蒸发器和所述换热器；In one of the embodiments, one of the parallel branches passes through the absorber and the condenser, and the other parallel branch passes through the evaporator and the heat exchanger;
所述二次侧管路的二次水分别流入其中一个所述并联支路和另一所述并联支路，其中一个所述并联支路的二次水依次流经所述吸收器和所述冷凝器，再与依次流经所述蒸发器和所述换热器的另一所述并联支路的二次水混合后流出所述吸收式换热机组。The secondary water in the secondary side pipeline flows into one of the parallel branches and the other parallel branch respectively, and the secondary water in one of the parallel branches flows through the absorber and the The condenser is mixed with the secondary water that flows through the evaporator and the other parallel branch of the heat exchanger in sequence, and then flows out of the absorption heat exchange unit.
在其中一个实施例中，所述换热器的数量为两个，分别为第一换热器和第二换热器，所述二次侧管路包括三个并联支路，分别为二次侧第一支路、二次侧第二支路和二次侧第三支路，所述二次侧第一支路、所述二次侧第二支路和所述二次侧第三支路在所述吸收式热泵的入口处分开，所述二次侧第三支路与所述二次侧第二支路在所述第二换热器的出口处合并，所述二次侧第三支路与所述二次侧第二支路合并后再与所述二次侧第一支路在所述第一换热器的出口处合并。In one of the embodiments, the number of the heat exchangers is two, which are the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger respectively, and the secondary side pipeline includes three parallel branches, which are respectively the secondary heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger. The first branch of the secondary side, the second branch of the secondary side and the third branch of the secondary side, the first branch of the secondary side, the second branch of the secondary side and the third branch of the secondary side At the inlet of the absorption heat pump, the third branch of the secondary side merges with the second branch of the secondary side at the outlet of the second heat exchanger, and the second branch of the secondary side The three branches merge with the second branch of the secondary side and then merge with the first branch of the secondary side at the outlet of the first heat exchanger.
在其中一个实施例中，所述二次侧第一支路经过所述吸收器和所述冷凝器，所述二次侧第二支路经过所述蒸发器和所述第二换热器，所述二次侧第二支路与所述二次侧第三支路合并后经过所述第一换热器；In one of the embodiments, the secondary side first branch passes through the absorber and the condenser, and the secondary side second branch passes through the evaporator and the second heat exchanger, The second branch on the secondary side and the third branch on the secondary side are combined to pass through the first heat exchanger;
所述二次侧管路的二次水分别流入所述二次侧第一支路、所述二次侧第二支路和所述二次侧第三支路，所述二次侧第二支路的二次水依次流经所述蒸发器和所述第二换热器后，与流经所述第一换热器的所述二次侧第三支路的二次水混合，再与依次流经所述吸收器和所述冷凝器的所述二次侧第一支路的二次水混合后流出所述吸收式换热机组。The secondary water in the secondary side pipeline respectively flows into the first branch of the secondary side, the second branch of the secondary side and the third branch of the secondary side, and the second branch of the secondary side After the secondary water in the branch circuit flows through the evaporator and the second heat exchanger in sequence, it is mixed with the secondary water in the third branch circuit on the secondary side of the first heat exchanger, and then After being mixed with the secondary water flowing through the absorber and the secondary side first branch of the condenser sequentially, it flows out of the absorption heat exchange unit.
在其中一个实施例中，在所述发生器上设置有旁通管路，所述旁通管路与所述一次侧管路经过。In one of the embodiments, a bypass pipeline is provided on the generator, and the bypass pipeline passes through the primary side pipeline.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明的吸收式换热机组，结构设计简单合理，管路系统的一次侧管路串联经过锅炉、吸收式热泵的发生器与换热器能够大大降低一次水的阻力，一次水需克服的阻力为吸收式热泵的发生器的阻力与换热器的阻力之和。同时，管路系统的一次侧管路串联经过锅炉、吸收式热泵的发生器与换热器和管路系统的二次侧管路并联经过蒸发器、吸收器、冷凝器与换热器能够保证提供给发生器和蒸发器的扬程大大提高，使得发生器内的一次侧管路和蒸发器内的二次侧管路的流速增加，进而提高发生器和蒸发器的换热系数，降低供热成本，减小吸收式机组的体积。The absorption heat exchange unit of the present invention has a simple and reasonable structural design, and the primary side pipeline of the pipeline system passes through the boiler, the generator of the absorption heat pump and the heat exchanger in series, which can greatly reduce the resistance of the primary water, and the resistance that the primary water needs to overcome It is the sum of the resistance of the generator of the absorption heat pump and the resistance of the heat exchanger. At the same time, the primary side pipeline of the pipeline system passes through the boiler, the generator and heat exchanger of the absorption heat pump in series, and the secondary side pipeline of the pipeline system passes through the evaporator, absorber, condenser and heat exchanger in parallel to ensure The head provided to the generator and evaporator is greatly improved, which increases the flow rate of the primary side pipeline in the generator and the secondary side pipeline in the evaporator, thereby improving the heat transfer coefficient of the generator and evaporator and reducing the heat supply. cost and reduce the volume of the absorption unit.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一实施例的吸收式换热机组的示意图；1 is a schematic diagram of an absorption heat exchange unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明另一实施例的吸收式换热机组的示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of an absorption heat exchange unit according to another embodiment of the present invention;
其中：in:
110-锅炉；110 - boiler;
120-吸收式热泵；121-发生器；122-蒸发器；123-吸收器；124-冷凝器；120-absorption heat pump; 121-generator; 122-evaporator; 123-absorber; 124-condenser;
130-换热器；131-第一换热器；132-第二换热器；130-heat exchanger; 131-the first heat exchanger; 132-the second heat exchanger;
140-管路系统；141-一次侧管路；142-二次侧管路。140-Pipeline system; 141-Primary side pipeline; 142-Secondary side pipeline.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下通过实施例，并结合附图，对本发明的吸收式换热机组进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the absorption heat exchange unit of the present invention will be further described in detail through the following examples and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.
参见图1和图2，本发明一实施例的吸收式换热机组，包括锅炉110、吸收式热泵120、换热器130及管路系统140，管路系统140经过锅炉110、吸收式热泵120和换热器130，通过吸收式热泵120提高供热能力。其中，吸收式热泵120包括发生器121、蒸发器122、吸收器123和冷凝器124，管路系统140包括一次侧管路141和二次侧管路142，一次侧管路141串联经过锅炉110、发生器121与换热器130，一次侧管路141的一次水依次经过锅炉110和发生器121再流经换热器130后流出吸收式换热机组；二次侧管路142并联经过蒸发器122、吸收器123、冷凝器124和换热器130。在一次侧管路141的两端设置有一次侧进水口和一次侧出水口，一次水从一次侧进水口流入一次侧管路141，并依次流经锅炉110、发生器121与换热器130，从一次侧出水口流出一次水在一次侧管路141中流动。在二次侧管路142的两端设置有二次侧进水口和二次侧出水口，二次水从二次侧进水口流入二次侧管路142，并分别流经蒸发器122、吸收器123、冷凝器124和换热器130，从二次侧出水口流出，二次水在二次侧管路142中流动。通过吸收式热泵120保证一次水的回水温度与二次水的进水温度之间的温差，使得一次水的回水温度低于二次水的进水温度。其中，换热器130为水-水换热器，当然，也可以采用冷却液-水换热器。图1和图2中所示的箭头方向分别为一次水和二次水的流动方向。Referring to Figures 1 and 2, an absorption heat exchange unit according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a boiler 110, an absorption heat pump 120, a heat exchanger 130, and a pipeline system 140, and the pipeline system 140 passes through the boiler 110, absorption heat pump 120 And the heat exchanger 130, through the absorption heat pump 120 to improve the heat supply capacity. Wherein, the absorption heat pump 120 includes a generator 121, an evaporator 122, an absorber 123, and a condenser 124. The pipeline system 140 includes a primary side pipeline 141 and a secondary side pipeline 142. The primary side pipeline 141 passes through the boiler 110 in series. , the generator 121 and the heat exchanger 130, the primary water in the primary side pipeline 141 passes through the boiler 110 and the generator 121 in turn, flows through the heat exchanger 130, and then flows out of the absorption heat exchange unit; the secondary side pipeline 142 is connected in parallel and undergoes evaporation 122, absorber 123, condenser 124 and heat exchanger 130. The two ends of the primary side pipeline 141 are provided with a primary side water inlet and a primary side water outlet. The primary water flows into the primary side pipeline 141 from the primary side water inlet, and flows through the boiler 110, the generator 121 and the heat exchanger 130 in sequence. , the primary water flowing out from the primary side water outlet flows in the primary side pipeline 141 . The two ends of the secondary side pipeline 142 are provided with a secondary side water inlet and a secondary side water outlet. The secondary water flows into the secondary side pipeline 142 from the secondary side water inlet, and flows through the evaporator 122, absorption The device 123 , the condenser 124 and the heat exchanger 130 flow out from the secondary side water outlet, and the secondary water flows in the secondary side pipeline 142 . The temperature difference between the return water temperature of the primary water and the inlet water temperature of the secondary water is ensured by the absorption heat pump 120 so that the return water temperature of the primary water is lower than the inlet water temperature of the secondary water. Wherein, the heat exchanger 130 is a water-water heat exchanger, of course, a coolant-water heat exchanger may also be used. The directions of the arrows shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are the flow directions of the primary water and the secondary water respectively.
管路系统140的一次侧管路141串联经过锅炉110、吸收式热泵120的发生器121和换热器130，管路系统140的二次侧管路142并联经过吸收式热泵120的蒸发器122、吸收式热泵120的吸收器123、吸收式热泵120的冷凝器124与换热器130。一次水依次流经吸收式热泵120的发生器121和换热器130后放出热量，二次水的其中一个并联支路通过吸收式热泵120的蒸发器122进行降温，再通过换热器130吸收热量，一次水与二次水在换热器130中进行热交换，即在经过换热器130时一次水被冷却，二次水被加热。二次水通过另一并联支路的吸收式热泵120的吸收器123、吸收式热泵120的冷凝器124吸收热量，另一并联支路的二次水再与其中一个并联支路的二次水混合后流出吸收式换热机组。这样能够使得一次水流出吸收式换热机组的温度低于二次水流进吸收式换热机组的温度，保证一次水的出水温度与二次水的进水温度之间的温差，提高吸收式换热机组的供热能力。The primary side pipeline 141 of the pipeline system 140 passes through the boiler 110 , the generator 121 of the absorption heat pump 120 and the heat exchanger 130 in series, and the secondary side pipeline 142 of the pipeline system 140 passes through the evaporator 122 of the absorption heat pump 120 in parallel , the absorber 123 of the absorption heat pump 120 , the condenser 124 and the heat exchanger 130 of the absorption heat pump 120 . The primary water flows through the generator 121 of the absorption heat pump 120 and the heat exchanger 130 in order to release heat, and one of the parallel branches of the secondary water passes through the evaporator 122 of the absorption heat pump 120 to cool down, and then passes through the heat exchanger 130 to absorb For heat, the primary water and the secondary water exchange heat in the heat exchanger 130 , that is, the primary water is cooled and the secondary water is heated when passing through the heat exchanger 130 . The secondary water absorbs heat through the absorber 123 of the absorption heat pump 120 of another parallel branch and the condenser 124 of the absorption heat pump 120, and the secondary water of another parallel branch is combined with the secondary water of one of the parallel branches. After mixing, it flows out of the absorption heat exchange unit. In this way, the temperature of the primary water flowing out of the absorption heat exchange unit is lower than the temperature of the secondary water flowing into the absorption heat exchange unit, ensuring the temperature difference between the primary water outlet temperature and the secondary water inlet temperature, and improving the absorption heat exchange rate. The heating capacity of the thermal unit.
在本发明的吸收式换热机组中，管路系统140的一次侧管路141串联经过锅炉110、吸收式热泵120的发生器121与换热器130，能够大大降低一次水阻力。一次水依次流经吸收式热泵120的发生器121和换热器130，此时，一次水在流动时所需要克服的阻力为吸收式热泵120的发生器121的阻力和换热器130的阻力之和。相对于现有的换热器与锅炉组合的结构而言，能够将一次水的阻力从15mH2O以上降至8mH2O以下，不需要另外增加一次网水泵，节约供热能耗，降低供热成本，减小吸收式换热机组的体积。In the absorption heat exchange unit of the present invention, the primary side pipeline 141 of the pipeline system 140 passes through the boiler 110, the generator 121 of the absorption heat pump 120 and the heat exchanger 130 in series, which can greatly reduce the primary water resistance. The primary water flows through the generator 121 and the heat exchanger 130 of the absorption heat pump 120 in sequence. At this time, the resistance that the primary water needs to overcome when flowing is the resistance of the generator 121 of the absorption heat pump 120 and the resistance of the heat exchanger 130 Sum. Compared with the existing combination structure of heat exchanger and boiler, it can reduce the resistance of primary water from above 15mH 2 O to below 8mH 2 O, without additional primary network water pump, saving heating energy consumption and reducing supply Reduce the heat cost and reduce the volume of the absorption heat exchanger unit.
由于一次水仅需要克服吸收式热泵120的发生器121的阻力和换热器130的阻力即可，这样能够保证提供给发生器121的扬程大大提高。同时，由于蒸发器122的阻力由二次水的水泵提供的扬程来克服，使得提供给蒸发器122的扬程也大大提高。因此，在足够的扬程下，发生器121和蒸发器122可以设计更多的流程数，使一次水在发生器121内的一次侧管路141中的流速提高，二次水在蒸发器122内的二次侧管路142中的流速提高，在本发明中流速可以提高到1m/s。随着流速的增加，发生器121和蒸发器122的换热系数也能相应的增加，进而减小吸收式换热机组的体积。在本发明中，发生器121和蒸发器122的换热系数可增加20％以上，进而使吸收式换热机组的体积减小10％。Since the primary water only needs to overcome the resistance of the generator 121 of the absorption heat pump 120 and the resistance of the heat exchanger 130, it can ensure that the lift provided to the generator 121 is greatly improved. At the same time, since the resistance of the evaporator 122 is overcome by the lift provided by the secondary water pump, the lift provided to the evaporator 122 is also greatly increased. Therefore, under sufficient head, the generator 121 and the evaporator 122 can be designed with more flow rates, so that the flow rate of the primary water in the primary side pipeline 141 in the generator 121 is increased, and the flow rate of the secondary water in the evaporator 122 is The flow velocity in the secondary side pipeline 142 is increased, and the flow velocity can be increased to 1 m/s in the present invention. As the flow rate increases, the heat transfer coefficients of the generator 121 and the evaporator 122 can also increase accordingly, thereby reducing the volume of the absorption heat exchange unit. In the present invention, the heat transfer coefficients of the generator 121 and the evaporator 122 can be increased by more than 20%, thereby reducing the volume of the absorption heat exchange unit by 10%.
目前，热力站通常采用板式换热器进行换热，由于受到换热端温差的限制，导致一次网回水温度必然高于二次网进水温度，进而导致增加供热成本。同时，热力站还采用换热器与锅炉组合的结构进行换热，但是采用上述结构进行换热时，一次侧水阻力较大，发生器和蒸发器管内水的流速较低，换热系数不高，进而导致机组体积较大，增加供热成本。本发明的吸收式换热机组管路系统140的一次侧管路141串联经过锅炉110、吸收式热泵120的发生器121与换热器130和管路系统140的二次侧管路142并联经过蒸发器122、吸收器123、冷凝器124与换热器130来保证一次水的出水温度与二次水的进水温度之间的温差，使得一次水流出吸收式换热机组的温度低于二次水流进吸收式换热机组的温度，同时还使得发生器121内的一次侧管路141和蒸发器122内的二次侧管路142的流速增加，进而提高发生器121和蒸发器122的换热系数，降低供热成本，减小吸收式机组的体积。At present, thermal stations usually use plate heat exchangers for heat exchange. Due to the limitation of the temperature difference at the heat exchange end, the return water temperature of the primary network must be higher than the inlet water temperature of the secondary network, which in turn leads to increased heating costs. At the same time, the thermal station also adopts the combination structure of heat exchanger and boiler for heat exchange, but when the above structure is used for heat exchange, the water resistance on the primary side is relatively large, the flow rate of water in the generator and evaporator tubes is low, and the heat transfer coefficient is not high. High, which in turn leads to a larger unit size and increased heating costs. The primary side pipeline 141 of the pipeline system 140 of the absorption heat exchange unit of the present invention passes through the boiler 110 in series, the generator 121 of the absorption heat pump 120, the heat exchanger 130 and the secondary side pipeline 142 of the pipeline system 140 pass in parallel The evaporator 122, the absorber 123, the condenser 124 and the heat exchanger 130 ensure the temperature difference between the outlet temperature of the primary water and the inlet temperature of the secondary water, so that the temperature of the primary water flowing out of the absorption heat exchange unit is lower than that of the secondary water The temperature of the secondary water flowing into the absorption heat exchange unit also increases the flow velocity of the primary side pipeline 141 in the generator 121 and the secondary side pipeline 142 in the evaporator 122, thereby increasing the flow rate of the generator 121 and the evaporator 122. Heat transfer coefficient, reduce heating cost, reduce the volume of absorption unit.
进一步地，在发生器121上设置有旁通管路，旁通管路与一次侧管路141经过。在吸收式热泵120中，由于一次水仅仅通过了发生器121，当本发明的吸收式换热机组处于防结晶、防压力过高等保护状态需要停机时，为了保证本发明的吸收式换热机组仍能保证具有一定的供热能力，仅仅需要将发生器121的一次水设置旁通管路，旁通管路经过一次侧管路141，使得一次水通过旁通管路经过一次侧管路141绕过发生器121与换热器130中的二次水进行换热，而蒸发器122通过的二次水可维持流量不变，操作简单，便于用户使用。Further, a bypass pipeline is provided on the generator 121 , and the bypass pipeline and the primary side pipeline 141 pass through. In the absorption heat pump 120, since the primary water only passes through the generator 121, when the absorption heat exchange unit of the present invention needs to be shut down in protection states such as anti-crystallization and anti-overpressure, in order to ensure that the absorption heat exchange unit of the present invention It can still guarantee a certain heat supply capacity, only need to set up a bypass pipeline for the primary water of the generator 121, and the bypass pipeline passes through the primary side pipeline 141, so that the primary water passes through the bypass pipeline and passes through the primary side pipeline 141 Bypassing the generator 121 and exchanging heat with the secondary water in the heat exchanger 130 , the secondary water passing through the evaporator 122 can maintain a constant flow rate, which is easy to operate and convenient for users to use.
作为一种可实施方式，换热器130的数量为n个，分别为第一级换热器、第二级换热器、…、第n级换热器，二次侧管路142包括n+1个并联支路，分别为二次侧第一级支路、二次侧第二级支路、二次侧第三级支路、…、二次侧第n级支路和二次侧第n+1级支路，其中n为正整数，二次侧第一级支路、二次侧第二级支路、…、二次侧第n级支路和二次侧第n+1级支路在吸收式热泵120的进口处分开，二次侧第二级支路和二次侧第n+1级支路在第n级换热器的出口处合并，二次侧第二级支路和二次侧第n+1级支路合并后再与二次侧第n级支路在第n-1级换热器的出口处合并，…，二次侧第二级支路、…、二次侧第n级支路和二次侧第n+1级支路合并后再与二次侧第三级支路在第二级换热器的出口处合并，二次侧第二级支路、二次侧第三级支路、…、二次侧第n级支路和二次侧第n+1级支路合并后再与二次侧第一级支路在第一级换热器的出口处合并。通过n个换热器提高一次水的出水温度与二次水的进水温度之间的温差，保证本发明的吸收式换热机组的供热能力。As a possible implementation, the number of heat exchangers 130 is n, which are respectively the first-stage heat exchanger, the second-stage heat exchanger, ..., the nth-stage heat exchanger, and the secondary side pipeline 142 includes n +1 parallel branch, which are the first-level branch of the secondary side, the second-level branch of the secondary side, the third-level branch of the secondary side, ..., the nth-level branch of the secondary side and the secondary side The n+1th level branch, where n is a positive integer, the first level branch on the secondary side, the second level branch on the secondary side, ..., the nth level branch on the secondary side and the n+1th level branch on the secondary side The first-stage branch is separated at the inlet of the absorption heat pump 120, the second-stage branch on the secondary side and the n+1th-stage branch on the secondary side are merged at the outlet of the n-stage heat exchanger, and the second-stage branch on the secondary side The branch is merged with the n+1th branch on the secondary side and then merged with the nth branch on the secondary side at the exit of the n-1 heat exchanger, ..., the second branch on the secondary side, ..., the nth branch of the secondary side and the n+1th branch of the secondary side are merged and then merged with the third branch of the secondary side at the outlet of the second heat exchanger, and the second level branch, secondary side third level branch, ..., secondary side nth level branch and secondary side n+1 level branch are merged with the secondary side first level branch in the first level Combined at the outlet of the heat exchanger. The temperature difference between the outlet water temperature of the primary water and the inlet water temperature of the secondary water is increased by n heat exchangers to ensure the heat supply capacity of the absorption heat exchange unit of the present invention.
进一步地，二次侧第一级支路经过吸收器123和冷凝器124，二次侧第二级支路经过蒸发器122与第n级换热器，二次侧第n+1级支路与二次侧第二级支路合并后经过第n-1级换热器，…，二次侧第二级支路、…、二次侧第n级支路、二次侧第n+1级支路与二次侧第三级支路合并后经过第二级换热器，二次侧第二级支路、二次侧第三级支路、…、二次侧第n级支路、二次侧第n+1级支路与二次侧第一级支路合并后经过第一级换热器；Further, the first-level branch on the secondary side passes through the absorber 123 and the condenser 124, the second-level branch on the secondary side passes through the evaporator 122 and the n-th heat exchanger, and the n+1-th level branch on the secondary side After merging with the second-level branch of the secondary side, it passes through the n-1th heat exchanger, ..., the second-level branch of the secondary side, ..., the nth-level branch of the secondary side, and the n+1th level of the secondary side The first-level branch is merged with the third-level branch on the secondary side and passes through the second-level heat exchanger, the second-level branch on the secondary side, the third-level branch on the secondary side, ..., the nth-level branch on the secondary side , The n+1th level branch on the secondary side is merged with the first level branch on the secondary side and passes through the first level heat exchanger;
二次侧管路142的二次水分别流入二次侧第一级支路、二次侧第二级支路、二次侧第三级支路、…、二次侧第n级支路和二次侧第n+1级支路，二次侧第二级支路的二次水流经蒸发器122与第n级换热器，二次侧第n+1级支路的二次水与二次侧第二级支路的二次水混合后流经第n-1级换热器，…，二次侧第二级支路的二次水、…、二次侧第n级支路的二次水、二次侧第n+1级支路的二次水与二次侧第三级支路的二次水混合后流经第二级换热器，二次侧第二级支路的二次水、二次侧第三级支路的二次水、…、二次侧第n级支路的二次水、二次侧第n+1级支路的二次水与二次侧第一级支路的二次水混合后流经第一级换热器，再与依次流经吸收器123和冷凝器124的二次侧第一级支路的二次水混合后流出吸收式换热机组。The secondary water in the secondary side pipeline 142 respectively flows into the first-level branch on the secondary side, the second-level branch on the secondary side, the third-level branch on the secondary side, ..., the nth-level branch on the secondary side, and The n+1th branch on the secondary side, the secondary water in the second branch on the secondary side flows through the evaporator 122 and the nth heat exchanger, the secondary water in the n+1th branch on the secondary side and The secondary water in the second-level branch on the secondary side is mixed and flows through the n-1th heat exchanger, ..., the secondary water in the second-level branch on the secondary side, ..., the n-th level branch on the secondary side The secondary water of the secondary side, the secondary water of the n+1th branch on the secondary side, and the secondary water of the third branch on the secondary side are mixed and then flow through the second-stage heat exchanger, and the second-stage branch on the secondary side The secondary water of the road, the secondary water of the tertiary branch of the secondary side, ..., the secondary water of the nth branch of the secondary side, the secondary water of the n+1th branch of the secondary side and the secondary water The secondary water in the first-stage branch on the secondary side is mixed and flows through the first-stage heat exchanger, and then mixed with the secondary water in the first-stage branch on the secondary side that flows through the absorber 123 and condenser 124 in sequence, and then flows out Absorption heat exchanger unit.
参见图1，在本发明的一实施例中，换热器130的数量为一个，二次侧管路142包括两个并联支路，两个并联支路分别为图1中所示的A和B，两个并联支路从吸收式热泵120的进口处分开，并在换热器130的出口处a合并。进一步地，其中一个并联支路A经过吸收器123和冷凝器124，另一并联支路B经过蒸发器122和换热器130。二次侧管路142的二次水分别流入其中一个并联支路A和另一并联支路B，其中一个并联支路A的二次水依次流经吸收器123和冷凝器124，再与依次流经蒸发器122和换热器130的另一并联支路B的二次水混合后流出吸收式换热机组。一次水在一次侧管路141中流动，一次水经过锅炉110加热后，进入吸收式热泵120中，一次水首先与发生器121进行热交换，加热发生器121中的稀的溴化锂溶液，此时，一次水放热，温度下降，再通过换热器130与二次水进行热交换后流出，此时，一次水再放热，温度再下降，二次水吸热，温度上升。二次水在二次侧管路142中流动，二次水进入吸收式热泵120后分为两个并联支路，二次水在其中一个并联A支路依次经过吸收器123与冷凝器124吸收热量，二次水在另一个并联支路B通过蒸发器122释放热量，再经过换热器130吸收热量，两个并联支路在换热器130的出口处a混合后为用户供热。Referring to Fig. 1, in one embodiment of the present invention, the number of heat exchanger 130 is one, and the secondary side pipeline 142 includes two parallel branches, and the two parallel branches are respectively A and A shown in Fig. 1 B, two parallel branches are separated from the inlet of the absorption heat pump 120 and merged at the outlet a of the heat exchanger 130 . Further, one parallel branch A passes through the absorber 123 and the condenser 124 , and the other parallel branch B passes through the evaporator 122 and the heat exchanger 130 . The secondary water in the secondary side pipeline 142 flows into one of the parallel branches A and the other parallel branch B respectively, and the secondary water in one of the parallel branches A flows through the absorber 123 and the condenser 124 in sequence, and then with the The secondary water flowing through the evaporator 122 and another parallel branch B of the heat exchanger 130 is mixed and flows out of the absorption heat exchange unit. The primary water flows in the primary side pipeline 141. After being heated by the boiler 110, the primary water enters the absorption heat pump 120. The primary water first exchanges heat with the generator 121 to heat the dilute lithium bromide solution in the generator 121. At this time , the primary water releases heat, the temperature drops, and then flows out after exchanging heat with the secondary water through the heat exchanger 130. At this time, the primary water releases heat again, and the temperature drops again, and the secondary water absorbs heat, and the temperature rises. The secondary water flows in the secondary side pipeline 142. After the secondary water enters the absorption heat pump 120, it is divided into two parallel branches. The secondary water is absorbed in one parallel A branch through the absorber 123 and the condenser 124 in turn. Heat, the secondary water releases heat through the evaporator 122 in another parallel branch B, and then absorbs heat through the heat exchanger 130, and the two parallel branches are mixed at the outlet a of the heat exchanger 130 to provide heat for the user.
参见图2，在本发明的另一实施例中，换热器130的数量为两个，分别为第一换热器131和第二换热器132，二次侧管路142包括三个并联支路，分别为二次侧第一支路L、二次侧第二支路M和二次侧第三支路N，二次侧第一支路L、二次侧第二支路M和二次侧第三支路N在吸收式热泵120的入口处分开，二次侧第三支路N与二次侧第二支路M在第二换热器132的出口处e合并，二次侧第三支路N与二次侧第二支路M合并后再与二次侧第一支路L在第一换热器131的出口处d合并。进一步地，二次侧第一支路L经过吸收器123和冷凝器124，二次侧第二支路M经过蒸发器122和第二换热器132，二次侧第二支路M与二次侧第三支路N合并后经过第一换热器131。二次侧管路142的二次水分别流入二次侧第一支路L、二次侧第二支路M和二次侧第三支路N，二次侧第二支路M的二次水依次流经蒸发器122和第二换热器132后，与流经第一换热器131的二次侧第三支路N的二次水混合，再与依次流经吸收器123和冷凝器124的二次侧第一支路L的二次水混合后流出吸收式换热机组。Referring to Fig. 2, in another embodiment of the present invention, the number of heat exchangers 130 is two, which are the first heat exchanger 131 and the second heat exchanger 132 respectively, and the secondary side pipeline 142 includes three parallel The branches are respectively the first branch L on the secondary side, the second branch M on the secondary side, and the third branch N on the secondary side, the first branch L on the secondary side, the second branch M on the secondary side, and The third branch N of the secondary side is separated at the inlet of the absorption heat pump 120, and the third branch N of the secondary side is merged with the second branch M of the secondary side at the outlet e of the second heat exchanger 132, and the secondary The third branch N on the secondary side merges with the second branch M on the secondary side and then merges with the first branch L on the secondary side at the outlet d of the first heat exchanger 131 . Further, the first branch L on the secondary side passes through the absorber 123 and the condenser 124, the second branch M on the secondary side passes through the evaporator 122 and the second heat exchanger 132, and the second branch M on the secondary side is connected to the two The third branch N on the secondary side passes through the first heat exchanger 131 after being combined. The secondary water in the secondary side pipeline 142 flows into the first branch L of the secondary side, the second branch M of the secondary side, and the third branch N of the secondary side respectively, and the secondary water of the second branch M of the secondary side After the water flows through the evaporator 122 and the second heat exchanger 132 in sequence, it is mixed with the secondary water flowing through the third branch N on the secondary side of the first heat exchanger 131, and then flows through the absorber 123 and condensed in sequence. The secondary water in the first branch L of the secondary side of the device 124 is mixed and flows out of the absorption heat exchange unit.
一次水在一次侧管路141中流动，一次水经过锅炉110加热后，进入吸收式热泵120中，一次水首先与发生器121进行热交换，加热发生器121中的稀的溴化锂溶液，此时，一次水放热，温度下降，再通过第一换热器131和第二换热器132与二次水进行热交换后流出，此时，一次水再放热，温度再下降，二次水吸热，温度上升。二次水在二次侧管路142中流动，二次水进入吸收式热泵120后分为三个并联支路，二次水在二次侧第一支路L依次经过吸收器123与冷凝器124吸收热量；二次水在二次侧第二支路M通过蒸发器122释放热量，再经过第二换热器132后吸收热量，二次侧第二支路M与二次侧第三支路M在第二换热器132的出口处e合并，二次水在二次侧第二支路M与二次侧第三支路N混合后进入第一换热器131，二次侧第二支路M与二次侧第三支路N合并后再与二次侧第一支路L在第一换热器的出口处d合并，从第一换热器131流出的二次水与经过冷凝器124的二次水混合后为用户供热。The primary water flows in the primary side pipeline 141. After being heated by the boiler 110, the primary water enters the absorption heat pump 120. The primary water first exchanges heat with the generator 121 to heat the dilute lithium bromide solution in the generator 121. At this time , the primary water releases heat, the temperature drops, and then flows out after heat exchange with the secondary water through the first heat exchanger 131 and the second heat exchanger 132. At this time, the primary water releases heat again, and the temperature drops again, and the secondary water Heat absorption, temperature rise. The secondary water flows in the secondary side pipeline 142. After the secondary water enters the absorption heat pump 120, it is divided into three parallel branches. The secondary water passes through the absorber 123 and the condenser in sequence in the first branch L of the secondary side. 124 absorbs heat; the secondary water releases heat in the second branch M of the secondary side through the evaporator 122, and then absorbs heat after passing through the second heat exchanger 132, the second branch M of the secondary side and the third branch of the secondary side The path M merges at the outlet e of the second heat exchanger 132, and the secondary water enters the first heat exchanger 131 after being mixed in the second branch M on the secondary side and the third branch N on the secondary side. The second branch M merges with the third branch N of the secondary side and then merges with the first branch L of the secondary side at the outlet d of the first heat exchanger, and the secondary water flowing out from the first heat exchanger 131 is combined with The secondary water passing through the condenser 124 is mixed to provide heat for users.
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation modes of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the patent scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent for the present invention should be based on the appended claims.
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| GB2434196A (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2007-07-18 | Martin Hook | Heating module and system controller for increasing the efficiency of heat pumps |
| CN103512075A (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2014-01-15 | 清华大学 | Absorption heat exchanger unit combined with boiler |
| CN203704109U (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-07-09 | 烟台荏原空调设备有限公司 | Absorption type heat exchange unit |
| CN203940504U (en) * | 2014-03-01 | 2014-11-12 | 双良节能系统股份有限公司 | The suction-type lithium bromide heat-exchange system of two path water heat supply simultaneously |
| CN204593530U (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-08-26 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Absorption type heat exchanger unit |
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| GB2434196A (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2007-07-18 | Martin Hook | Heating module and system controller for increasing the efficiency of heat pumps |
| CN103512075A (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2014-01-15 | 清华大学 | Absorption heat exchanger unit combined with boiler |
| CN203704109U (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-07-09 | 烟台荏原空调设备有限公司 | Absorption type heat exchange unit |
| CN203940504U (en) * | 2014-03-01 | 2014-11-12 | 双良节能系统股份有限公司 | The suction-type lithium bromide heat-exchange system of two path water heat supply simultaneously |
| CN204593530U (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-08-26 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Absorption type heat exchanger unit |
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