CN104829278A - Organic garbage compost treatment method - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000621 bronchi Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000416 exudates and transudate Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种有机垃圾堆肥处理方法，属于垃圾处理装置技术领域，所述方法使用的新型堆肥装置主要包括料仓，料仓内分隔为出料缓冲仓、发酵仓和渗液存储仓，料仓上转动安装有两根用于将物料由发酵仓输送至出料缓冲仓的螺旋输料辊，发酵仓内转动安装有搅拌辊，搅拌辊上设有连接双氧水泵送管道的液体流通通道，搅拌辊上设有若干出液孔；料仓顶部设有若干废气出口，每个废气出口均通过一支气管连接气路管道，气路管道连接废气处理装置，气路管道上设有真空泵；渗液存储仓底部设有渗液出口，渗液出口连通废水处理装置。本发明的方法缩短了处理时间，提高了处理效率，降低了处理成本，广泛应用于垃圾处理中。
The invention discloses a method for composting organic waste, which belongs to the technical field of waste treatment devices. The novel composting device used in the method mainly includes a silo, which is divided into a discharge buffer silo, a fermentation silo, and a seepage storage silo. Two screw conveying rollers are installed on the silo for transporting the material from the fermentation bin to the discharge buffer bin, and a stirring roller is installed rotating in the fermentation bin, and a liquid circulation channel connected to the hydrogen peroxide pumping pipeline is arranged on the stirring roller , There are a number of liquid outlet holes on the stirring roller; there are a number of exhaust gas outlets on the top of the silo, each exhaust gas outlet is connected to the gas pipeline through a gas pipe, the gas pipeline is connected to the waste gas treatment device, and a vacuum pump is installed on the gas pipeline; A seepage outlet is provided at the bottom of the liquid storage bin, and the seepage outlet is connected to a waste water treatment device. The method of the invention shortens the processing time, improves the processing efficiency, reduces the processing cost, and is widely used in garbage processing.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种有机垃圾堆肥处理方法，属于垃圾处理装置技术领域。The invention relates to a method for composting organic waste, which belongs to the technical field of waste treatment devices.
背景技术Background technique
随着我国城市化水平的加快和城市污水处理率的不断提高，产生的有机垃圾也越来越多，有机垃圾中主要一部分表现在污水处理过程产生的污泥量急剧增加。然而，由于缺乏合理有效的管理方法和处理处置技术，大量城市污泥只能临时堆放，由此引起的二次污染给环境带来了巨大的危害，寻求合理的处理处置途径已成为世界各国函待解决的热点问题。With the acceleration of my country's urbanization level and the continuous improvement of urban sewage treatment rate, more and more organic waste is produced. The main part of organic waste is the sharp increase in the amount of sludge produced in the sewage treatment process. However, due to the lack of reasonable and effective management methods and treatment and disposal technologies, a large amount of urban sludge can only be temporarily piled up. hot issues to be resolved.
好氧发酵是指利用好氧细菌和氧气，使污泥高温发酵，它是处理与处置城市污泥的一种经济有效的好方法，具有使有机有害物分解彻底、好控制等优点。它运用多学科技术，利用微生物群落在特定的环境中对多相有机物进行分解，将污泥改良成稳定的腐殖质，用于肥田或土壤改良，堆肥化过程常分为三个阶段：第一阶段是中温阶段，第二阶段是高温阶段，第三阶段是腐熟阶段。中温阶段结束的标志是堆温升至45℃，高温阶段耗氧速率高、温度高、挥发性有机物降解速率高、臭味很浓；腐熟阶段则温度低、耗氧速率低、空隙率增大、腐殖质增多且稳定化。好氧堆肥无害化要保证堆层温度在55℃以上保持5-7天，以达到杀灭姻虫卵和大肠杆菌的要求，因此整个处理过程下来一共需要十天左右的时间。Aerobic fermentation refers to the use of aerobic bacteria and oxygen to ferment sludge at high temperature. It is an economical and effective method for treating and disposing of urban sludge. It has the advantages of thorough decomposition of organic harmful substances and good control. It uses multidisciplinary technology, uses microbial communities to decompose multi-phase organic matter in a specific environment, and improves sludge into stable humus for fertile fields or soil improvement. The composting process is often divided into three stages: the first stage It is the medium temperature stage, the second stage is the high temperature stage, and the third stage is the decomposing stage. The sign of the end of the medium-temperature stage is that the stack temperature rises to 45°C. In the high-temperature stage, the oxygen consumption rate is high, the temperature is high, the degradation rate of volatile organic compounds is high, and the odor is strong; , Humus increased and stabilized. For the harmless aerobic composting, it is necessary to ensure that the temperature of the compost layer is kept above 55°C for 5-7 days to meet the requirements of killing worm eggs and Escherichia coli, so the whole treatment process takes about ten days in total.
就目前生活垃圾日益增多、空气及环境质量要求严格的生活环境来说，传统的处理过程花费时间较长，处理效率偏低，造成待处理垃圾或者固体废弃物堆放时间长，并且堆肥反应过程中产生的臭味难以处理，影响生态环境，或者处理需要花费很多的资源，成本较高。As far as the current living environment with increasing domestic garbage and strict air and environmental quality requirements is concerned, the traditional treatment process takes a long time and the treatment efficiency is low, resulting in a long time for untreated garbage or solid waste to be piled up, and during the composting reaction process The generated odor is difficult to deal with, affects the ecological environment, or requires a lot of resources to deal with, and the cost is relatively high.
因此，对于开发一种新的有机垃圾堆肥方法，不但具有迫切的研究价值，也具有良好的经济效益和工业应用潜力，这正是本发明得以完成的动力所在和基础。Therefore, for the development of a new organic waste composting method, it not only has urgent research value, but also has good economic benefits and industrial application potential, which is the driving force and basis for the completion of the present invention.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了克服上述所指出的现有有机垃圾堆肥装置的缺陷，本发明人对此进行了深入研究，在付出了大量创造性劳动后，从而完成了本发明。In order to overcome the defects of the existing organic waste composting devices pointed out above, the present inventor has conducted in-depth research on this, and after paying a lot of creative work, thus completed the present invention.
具体而言，本发明所要解决的技术问题是：提供一种使用新型有机垃圾堆肥装置的堆肥处理方法，所述方法通过使用该装置，缩短了处理时间，提高了处理效率，降低了处理成本。Specifically, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a composting treatment method using a new organic waste composting device, which shortens the processing time, improves the processing efficiency and reduces the processing cost by using the device.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：提供一种使用有机垃圾堆肥装置的堆肥处理方法，其中所述有机垃圾堆肥装置包括机架，所述机架上设有料仓，所述料仓顶部设有进料口，所述料仓内设有竖向隔板和横向隔板，所述竖向隔板将所述料仓分隔为横向分布的出料缓冲仓和发酵仓，所述出料缓冲仓底部设有出料口，所述进料口对于所述发酵仓位置，所述横向隔板上设有若干渗液孔，所述发酵仓通过渗液孔连通渗液存储仓，所述渗液存储仓位于所述发酵仓下方，所述料仓上转动安装有两根用于将物料由所述发酵仓输送至所述出料缓冲仓的螺旋输料辊，两根所述螺旋输料辊平行设置且均连接第一动力装置；所述发酵仓内转动安装有由第二动力装置驱动的搅拌辊，所述螺旋输料辊的轴线与所述搅拌辊的轴线垂直设置，所述搅拌辊上设有轴向延伸的液体流通通道，所述液体流通通道连接双氧水泵送管道，所述搅拌辊上设有若干径向延伸且连通所述液体流通通道的出液孔；所述料仓顶部对应所述出料缓冲仓和发酵仓位置设有若干废气出口，每个所述废气出口均通过一支气管连接气路管道，所述气路管道连接废气处理装置，所述气路管道上设有真空泵；所述渗液存储仓底部设有渗液出口，所述渗液出口连通废水处理装置；所述第一动力装置、第二动力装置、真空泵均连接控制单元；In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a composting treatment method using an organic waste composting device, wherein the organic waste composting device includes a frame, and the frame is provided with a silo, and the silo There is a feed inlet at the top, and a vertical partition and a horizontal partition are arranged in the feed bin, and the vertical partition divides the feed bin into a horizontally distributed discharge buffer bin and a fermentation bin. The bottom of the material buffer bin is provided with a discharge port, the feed port is opposite to the position of the fermentation bin, and the transverse partition is provided with a number of seepage holes, and the fermentation bin is connected to the seepage storage bin through the seepage holes. The exudate storage bin is located below the fermentation bin, and two screw conveyor rollers are installed on the bin for transporting materials from the fermentation bin to the discharge buffer bin. The feeding rollers are arranged in parallel and are all connected to the first power device; the stirring roller driven by the second power device is installed in rotation in the fermentation bin, and the axis of the spiral feeding roller is perpendicular to the axis of the stirring roller, so that The stirring roller is provided with an axially extending liquid circulation channel, the liquid circulation channel is connected to the hydrogen peroxide pumping pipeline, and the stirring roller is provided with a number of liquid outlet holes extending radially and communicating with the liquid circulation channel; The top of the silo is provided with a number of waste gas outlets corresponding to the positions of the discharge buffer bin and the fermentation bin, and each of the waste gas outlets is connected to a gas pipeline through a gas pipe, and the gas pipeline is connected to a waste gas treatment device. A vacuum pump is provided on the top; a seepage outlet is provided at the bottom of the seepage storage bin, and the seepage outlet is connected to a wastewater treatment device; the first power unit, the second power unit, and the vacuum pump are all connected to a control unit;
所述处理方法具体为：将质量含水率为60-90％的城市污泥和质量含水率为5-20％的固体有机废弃物，按照2-4：1的质量比通过进料口加入到所述堆肥装置的发酵仓中，关闭进料口，打开电控截止阀，启动真空泵，使得发酵仓内形成10-20KPa的负压，然后关闭电控截止阀，启动变频电机带动搅拌辊转动，升温至40-60℃，加入双氧水，搅拌20-28小时，当温度达到70℃时，在该温度下保持1-2天，从而完成该处理。The treatment method specifically includes: adding municipal sludge with a mass water content of 60-90% and solid organic waste with a mass water content of 5-20% through the feed port according to a mass ratio of 2-4:1. In the fermentation bin of the composting device, close the feed inlet, open the electric control shut-off valve, start the vacuum pump, so that a negative pressure of 10-20KPa is formed in the fermentation bin, then close the electric control shut-off valve, start the frequency conversion motor to drive the stirring roller to rotate, Raise the temperature to 40-60°C, add hydrogen peroxide, and stir for 20-28 hours. When the temperature reaches 70°C, keep it at this temperature for 1-2 days to complete the treatment.
在本发明的所述堆肥处理方法中，所述城市污泥的质量含水率为60-90％，例如可为60％、70％、80％或90％。In the composting treatment method of the present invention, the urban sludge has a mass moisture content of 60-90%, for example, 60%, 70%, 80% or 90%.
在本发明的所述堆肥处理方法中，所述固体有机废弃物例如可为畜禽粪便、餐厨垃圾、植物杆秸等，其质量含水率为5-20％，例如可为5％、10％、15％或20％。In the composting treatment method of the present invention, the solid organic waste can be, for example, livestock and poultry manure, kitchen waste, plant straw, etc., and its mass moisture content is 5-20%, for example, it can be 5%, 10% %, 15% or 20%.
在本发明的所述堆肥处理方法中，所加入双氧水的量，应使得搅拌一天后所得的混合物料中质量含水率为55-65％、C／N为30，其中C／N是指混合物料中的含碳和含氮质量之比。In the composting treatment method of the present invention, the amount of hydrogen peroxide added should be such that the mass moisture content in the mixed material obtained after stirring for one day is 55-65%, and the C/N is 30, wherein C/N refers to the mixed material The ratio of carbon-containing and nitrogen-containing masses in .
在本发明的所述堆肥处理方法中，作为一种改进，若处理过程中发酵仓内氧气体积浓度低于15％，例如低于10％、低于5％，则通过螺旋输料辊补充氧气，直至发酵仓6内压力高于20KPa，优选高于25KPa，最优选高于30KPa。In the composting treatment method of the present invention, as an improvement, if the oxygen volume concentration in the fermentation bin is lower than 15%, such as lower than 10% or lower than 5%, oxygen is supplemented by a screw conveyor roller , until the pressure in the fermentation chamber 6 is higher than 20KPa, preferably higher than 25KPa, most preferably higher than 30KPa.
在本发明的所述堆肥处理方法中，作为一种改进，每根所述螺旋输料辊上均设有轴向延伸的气体流通通道，所述气体流通通道连接氧气泵送管道，所述螺旋输料辊上设有若干径向延伸且连通所述气体流通通道的出气孔。In the composting treatment method of the present invention, as an improvement, each of the screw conveying rollers is provided with an axially extending gas circulation channel, and the gas circulation channel is connected to an oxygen pumping pipeline. The conveying roller is provided with several air outlet holes extending radially and communicating with the air circulation channel.
在本发明的所述堆肥处理方法中，作为进一步的改进，所述出气孔包括依次设置的进气端、流通部和出气端，所述进气端和出气端均为锥形，所述流通部为筒形，所述进气端的大端直径大于所述流通部的直径，所述出气端的大端直径大于所述流通部的直径，所述进气端和出气端的小端均与所述流通部相接。In the composting treatment method of the present invention, as a further improvement, the air outlet hole includes an air inlet end, a flow part and an air outlet end arranged in sequence, the air inlet end and the air outlet end are both tapered, and the air outlet port The part is cylindrical, the diameter of the large end of the air inlet end is larger than the diameter of the flow part, the diameter of the large end of the air outlet end is larger than the diameter of the flow part, and the small ends of the air inlet end and the air outlet end are both in line with the diameter of the flow part. The circulation department is connected.
在本发明的所述堆肥处理方法中，作为一种改进，所述渗液存储仓底部设有气体反吹清洗装置，所述气体反吹清洗装置包括安装于所述料仓上且连通所述渗液存储仓的进气管，所述进气管连接一鼓风机，所述鼓风机通过时间继电器连接所述控制单元。In the composting treatment method of the present invention, as an improvement, a gas backflush cleaning device is provided at the bottom of the seepage storage bin, and the gas backflush cleaning device includes a The air intake pipe of the seepage storage bin, the air intake pipe is connected to a blower, and the blower is connected to the control unit through a time relay.
在本发明的所述堆肥处理方法中，作为一种改进，所述发酵仓内安装有温度传感器和氧气浓度传感器，所述温度传感器和氧气浓度传感器均连接所述控制单元。In the composting treatment method of the present invention, as an improvement, a temperature sensor and an oxygen concentration sensor are installed in the fermentation bin, and both the temperature sensor and the oxygen concentration sensor are connected to the control unit.
在本发明的所述堆肥处理方法中，作为一种改进，所述支气管上设有电控截止阀，所述电控截止阀连接所述控制单元。In the composting treatment method of the present invention, as an improvement, an electric control shut-off valve is provided on the bronchus, and the electric control shut-off valve is connected to the control unit.
在本发明的所述堆肥处理方法中，作为进一步的改进，所述废气处理装置包括废气处理塔，所述废气处理塔底部设有污水排放口，所述废气处理塔顶部设有洁净气排放口，所述污水排放口上方设有连接所述气路管道的废气进气口，所述废气进气口的上方设有喷淋除臭器，所述喷淋除臭器上方靠近所述洁净气排放口位置设有干粉除臭器。In the composting treatment method of the present invention, as a further improvement, the waste gas treatment device includes a waste gas treatment tower, the bottom of the waste gas treatment tower is provided with a sewage discharge port, and the top of the waste gas treatment tower is provided with a clean gas discharge port , above the sewage discharge port is provided with an exhaust gas inlet connected to the gas pipeline, above the exhaust gas inlet is provided with a spray deodorizer, and above the spray deodorizer is close to the clean gas There is a dry powder deodorizer at the discharge port.
在本发明的所述堆肥处理方法中，作为进一步的改进，所述喷淋除臭器包括连接除臭液泵送管道的喷淋管，所述喷淋管沿所述废气处理塔的径向延伸至所述废气处理塔内，所述喷淋管上设有若干喷头；所述干粉除臭器包括设置于所述废气处理塔内的壳体，所述壳体上设有若干迂回通道，所述迂回通道一端连通废气进气口，另一端连通洁净气排放口，所述壳体上设有若干与所述迂回通道连通的吸收孔，所述壳体内设有除臭粉。In the composting treatment method of the present invention, as a further improvement, the spray deodorizer includes a spray pipe connected to a deodorizing liquid pumping pipeline, and the spray pipe is arranged along the radial direction of the waste gas treatment tower. Extending into the exhaust gas treatment tower, the spray pipe is provided with several nozzles; the dry powder deodorizer includes a housing arranged in the exhaust gas treatment tower, and the housing is provided with several detour passages, One end of the detour channel is connected to the exhaust gas inlet, and the other end is connected to the clean gas discharge port. The housing is provided with a number of absorption holes communicating with the detour channel, and the housing is provided with deodorizing powder.
在本发明的所述堆肥处理方法中，作为进一步的改进，所述气路管道倾斜安装于所述废气处理塔上，所述废气进气口朝向所述废气处理塔底部。In the composting treatment method of the present invention, as a further improvement, the gas pipeline is installed obliquely on the waste gas treatment tower, and the waste gas inlet faces the bottom of the waste gas treatment tower.
在本发明的所述堆肥处理方法中，作为进一步的改进，所述污水排放口与所述废水处理装置相连通。In the composting treatment method of the present invention, as a further improvement, the sewage discharge port is connected with the waste water treatment device.
采用了上述处理方法后，本发明产生了如下的有益效果：After adopting above-mentioned processing method, the present invention has produced following beneficial effect:
1.由于发酵仓内设置了搅拌辊，且搅拌辊边搅拌边添加双氧水，使得有机垃圾在搅拌过程中得到充分混合氧化，避免了沉淀到底部发生堆积难以氧化的缺陷，大大缩短了中温阶段和高温阶段的反应时间；1. Since the stirring roller is set in the fermentation chamber, and hydrogen peroxide is added while the stirring roller is stirring, the organic waste is fully mixed and oxidized during the stirring process, which avoids the defect that it is difficult to oxidize when it settles to the bottom, and greatly shortens the medium temperature stage and Reaction time in high temperature stage;
2.由于使用了真空泵，在中温阶段和高温阶段保证料仓内的一定负压，与传统工艺相比较，在相同的反应温度下，不论在中温阶段、高温阶段还是腐熟阶段，都大大缩短了反应时间；使用该装置处理有机垃圾，需要5天左右的时间就能够完成，提高了将近一倍的处理效率，大大缩短了垃圾堆放时间。2. Due to the use of a vacuum pump, a certain negative pressure in the silo is guaranteed during the medium temperature stage and the high temperature stage. Compared with the traditional process, under the same reaction temperature, no matter in the medium temperature stage, high temperature stage or decomposing stage, the time is greatly shortened. Response time: It takes about 5 days to complete the treatment of organic waste with this device, which nearly doubles the processing efficiency and greatly shortens the time for waste stacking.
3.由于螺旋输料辊连接氧气泵送管道，当发酵仓内氧气浓度降低时，可以及时补充氧气，以供有机垃圾好氧反应，并且氧气从发酵仓内部供给，使得垃圾与氧气充分接触，从而进一步降低了处理时间。3. Since the screw conveyor roller is connected to the oxygen pumping pipeline, when the oxygen concentration in the fermentation chamber decreases, oxygen can be replenished in time for the aerobic reaction of organic waste, and the oxygen is supplied from the inside of the fermentation chamber, so that the waste can fully contact with oxygen, This further reduces the processing time.
4.由于螺旋输料辊上的出气孔形状设置为两端大中间小，使得物料既不容易堵塞出气孔，又能够使得氧气以高速喷出。4. Since the shape of the air outlet on the screw conveying roller is set to be large at both ends and small in the middle, it is not easy for the material to block the air outlet, and oxygen can be ejected at a high speed.
5.由于渗液存储仓底部设有气体反吹清洗装置，当横向隔板上的渗液孔被堵塞时，将影响渗液速度，此时可以使用气体反吹清洗装置，将被堵塞的渗液孔冲开，进一步提高了处理效率。5. Since the bottom of the seepage storage tank is equipped with a gas blowback cleaning device, when the seepage hole on the transverse partition is blocked, the seepage speed will be affected. At this time, the gas blowback cleaning device can be used to clean the blocked seepage The liquid hole is opened to further improve the processing efficiency.
6.由于控制了合适的双氧水加入量，从而加快了进程，优化了处理工艺。6. Due to the control of the appropriate amount of hydrogen peroxide added, the process is accelerated and the treatment process is optimized.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例中的螺旋输料辊和搅拌辊的布置示意图；Fig. 2 is the layout schematic diagram of screw feeding roller and stirring roller in the embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明实施例中出气孔的结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an air outlet in an embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明实施例中废水处理装置的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a wastewater treatment device in an embodiment of the present invention.
其中，在图1-4中，各个数字标号分别指代如下的具体含义、元件和／或部件。Wherein, in FIGS. 1-4 , each numeral signifies the following specific meanings, elements and/or components respectively.
图中：1、机架，2、料仓，3、竖向隔板，4、横向隔板，5、出料缓冲仓，6、发酵仓，7、渗液存储仓，8、出料口，9、进料口，10、废气出口，11、废气处理装置，111、废气处理塔，112、洁净气排放口，113、污水排放口，114、气路管道，115、除臭液泵送管道，116、喷淋管，117、喷头，118、壳体，119、迂回通道，12、渗液出口，13、废水处理装置，14、电控截止阀，15、时间继电器，16、鼓风机，17、过滤器，18、进气管，19、电动机，20、螺旋输料辊，201、气体流通通道，202、出气孔，2021、进气端，2022、流通部，2023、出气端，21、搅拌辊，211、搅拌轴，212、搅拌叶片，213、液体流通通道，214、出液孔，22、真空泵，23、旋转接头，24、温度传感器，25、氧气浓度传感器。In the figure: 1. Rack, 2. Feed bin, 3. Vertical partition, 4. Horizontal partition, 5. Discharging buffer bin, 6. Fermentation bin, 7. Seepage storage bin, 8. Outlet , 9. Feed port, 10. Exhaust gas outlet, 11. Exhaust gas treatment device, 111. Exhaust gas treatment tower, 112. Clean gas discharge port, 113. Sewage discharge port, 114. Air pipeline, 115. Deodorizing liquid pumping Pipeline, 116, spray pipe, 117, nozzle, 118, housing, 119, detour channel, 12, seepage outlet, 13, waste water treatment device, 14, electric control stop valve, 15, time relay, 16, blower, 17, filter, 18, air intake pipe, 19, electric motor, 20, screw feeding roller, 201, gas circulation channel, 202, air outlet, 2021, air intake end, 2022, circulation part, 2023, air outlet end, 21, Stirring roller, 211, stirring shaft, 212, stirring blade, 213, liquid circulation channel, 214, liquid outlet, 22, vacuum pump, 23, rotary joint, 24, temperature sensor, 25, oxygen concentration sensor.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。但这些例举性实施方式的用途和目的仅用来例举本发明，并非对本发明的实际保护范围构成任何形式的任何限定，更非将本发明的保护范围局限于此。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, the uses and purposes of these exemplary embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and do not constitute any form of limitation to the actual protection scope of the present invention, nor limit the protection scope of the present invention thereto.
如图1、图2、图3和图4中共同所示，本发明提供了一种使用有机垃圾堆肥装置的堆肥处理方法，其中所述有机垃圾堆肥装置主要包括机架1，机架1上设有料仓2，料仓2顶部设有进料口9，料仓2内设有竖向隔板3和横向隔板4，竖向隔板3将料仓2分隔为横向分布的出料缓冲仓5和发酵仓6，出料缓冲仓5底部设有出料口8，进料口9对于发酵仓6位置，横向隔板4上设有若干渗液孔，发酵仓6通过渗液孔连通渗液存储仓7，渗液存储仓7位于发酵仓6下方，料仓2上转动安装有两根用于将物料由发酵仓6输送至出料缓冲仓5的螺旋输料辊20，两根螺旋输料辊20平行设置且均连接第一动力装置；发酵仓6内转动安装有由第二动力装置驱动的搅拌辊21，搅拌辊21包括搅拌轴211和固定安装在搅拌轴211上的搅拌叶片212，螺旋输料辊20的轴线与搅拌辊21的轴线垂直设置，搅拌叶片212至少有三组，在两螺旋输料辊20之间设置一组搅拌叶片212，在两螺旋输料辊20的两侧各设置一组搅拌叶片212，搅拌辊21上设有轴向延伸的液体流通通道213，搅拌轴211设置为中空，中空空腔则形成液体流通通道213，液体流通通道213连接双氧水泵送管道，搅拌辊21上设有若干径向延伸且连通液体流通通道213的出液孔214；料仓2顶部对应出料缓冲仓5和发酵仓6位置设有若干废气出口10，每个废气出口10均通过一支气管连接气路管道114，气路管道114连接废气处理装置11，气路管道114上设有真空泵22；渗液存储仓7底部设有渗液出口12，渗液出口12连通废水处理装置13，废水处理装置13为成熟设备，在此不再赘述；第一动力装置、第二动力装置、真空泵22均连接控制单元，第一动力装置优选为电动机19，第二动力装置优选为变频电机，控制单元优选为可编程控制器。Commonly shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the present invention provides a kind of composting treatment method using organic waste composting device, wherein said organic waste composting device mainly comprises frame 1, on frame 1 There is a silo 2, and the top of the silo 2 is provided with a feed port 9, and a vertical partition 3 and a horizontal partition 4 are arranged inside the silo 2, and the vertical partition 3 separates the silo 2 into horizontally distributed discharge buffers. Bin 5 and fermentation bin 6, the bottom of the discharge buffer bin 5 is provided with a discharge port 8, and the feed port 9 is located at the position of the fermentation bin 6. There are several seepage holes on the transverse partition 4, and the fermentation bin 6 is connected through the seepage holes. The seepage storage bin 7, the seepage storage bin 7 is located below the fermentation bin 6, and two screw conveyor rollers 20 for transporting the material from the fermentation bin 6 to the discharge buffer bin 5 are installed on the feed bin 2, two The screw feeding rollers 20 are arranged in parallel and are all connected to the first power unit; the stirring roller 21 driven by the second power unit is rotated in the fermentation bin 6, and the stirring roller 21 includes a stirring shaft 211 and a stirring shaft fixedly installed on the stirring shaft 211. Blade 212, the axis of screw feeding roller 20 and the axis of stirring roller 21 are vertically arranged, stirring blade 212 has three groups at least, one group of stirring blade 212 is set between two screw feeding rollers 20, between two screw feeding rollers 20 A set of stirring blades 212 are arranged on both sides, and an axially extending liquid circulation channel 213 is provided on the stirring roller 21. The stirring shaft 211 is set to be hollow, and the hollow cavity forms a liquid circulation channel 213. The liquid circulation channel 213 is connected to the hydrogen peroxide pump. The pipeline, the stirring roller 21 is provided with a number of liquid outlet holes 214 extending radially and communicating with the liquid circulation channel 213; the top of the silo 2 is provided with a number of waste gas outlets 10 corresponding to the discharge buffer bin 5 and the fermentation bin 6, and each waste gas outlet 10 are connected to the gas pipeline 114 through a gas pipe, the gas pipeline 114 is connected to the waste gas treatment device 11, and the vacuum pump 22 is provided on the gas pipeline 114; the seepage outlet 12 is provided at the bottom of the seepage storage bin 7, and the seepage outlet 12 is connected to the waste water Treatment device 13, waste water treatment device 13 is a mature equipment, no longer repeat them here; the first power unit, the second power unit, vacuum pump 22 are all connected to the control unit, the first power unit is preferably an electric motor 19, and the second power unit is preferably For the variable frequency motor, the control unit is preferably a programmable controller.
每根螺旋输料辊20上均设有轴向延伸的气体流通通道201，气体流通通道201连接氧气泵送管道，通常，氧气泵送管道通过旋转接头23安装在螺旋输料辊20的端部，螺旋输料辊20上设有若干径向延伸且连通气体流通通道201的出气孔202，出气孔202包括依次设置的进气端2021、流通部2022和出气端2023，进气端2021和出气端2023均为锥形，流通部2022为筒形，进气端2021的大端直径大于流通部2022的直径，出气端2023的大端直径大于流通部2022的直径，进气端2021和出气端2023的小端均与流通部2022相接。Each screw feed roller 20 is provided with an axially extending gas circulation channel 201, and the gas flow channel 201 is connected to an oxygen pumping pipeline. Usually, the oxygen pumping pipeline is installed on the end of the screw conveyor roller 20 through a rotary joint 23. The screw feed roller 20 is provided with some air outlet holes 202 extending radially and communicating with the gas circulation channel 201. The air outlet holes 202 include an air inlet 2021, a circulation part 2022 and an air outlet 2023 arranged in sequence, and the air inlet 2021 and the air outlet The ends 2023 are conical, the flow part 2022 is cylindrical, the diameter of the large end of the air inlet 2021 is larger than the diameter of the flow part 2022, the diameter of the big end of the gas outlet 2023 is larger than the diameter of the flow part 2022, the gas inlet 2021 and the gas outlet The small ends of 2023 are all connected to the flow part 2022 .
渗液存储仓7底部设有气体反吹清洗装置，气体反吹清洗装置包括安装于料仓2上且连通渗液存储仓7的进气管18，进气管18连接一鼓风机16，鼓风机16通过时间继电器15连接控制单元，在鼓风机16与进气管18之间设有过滤器17，用于过滤鼓风机16吹出的高压空气。The bottom of the seepage storage bin 7 is provided with a gas blowback cleaning device. The gas blowback cleaning device includes an air inlet pipe 18 installed on the silo 2 and connected to the seepage storage bin 7. The air inlet pipe 18 is connected to a blower 16, and the blower 16 passes through time. The relay 15 is connected to the control unit, and a filter 17 is provided between the blower 16 and the intake pipe 18 for filtering the high-pressure air blown out by the blower 16 .
为了便于控制发酵仓6内的温度和氧气浓度，发酵仓6内安装有温度传感器24和氧气浓度传感器25，温度传感器24和氧气浓度传感器25均连接控制单元。In order to control the temperature and oxygen concentration in the fermentation chamber 6, a temperature sensor 24 and an oxygen concentration sensor 25 are installed in the fermentation chamber 6, and the temperature sensor 24 and the oxygen concentration sensor 25 are all connected to the control unit.
支气管上设有电控截止阀14，电控截止阀14连接控制单元。An electric control shut-off valve 14 is arranged on the bronchus, and the electric control shut-off valve 14 is connected with the control unit.
废气处理装置11包括废气处理塔111，废气处理塔111底部设有污水排放口113，废气处理塔111顶部设有洁净气排放112，污水排放口113上方设有连接气路管道114的废气进气口，废气进气口的上方设有喷淋除臭器，喷淋除臭器上方靠近洁净气排放口112位置设有干粉除臭器，喷淋除臭器包括连接除臭液泵送管道115的喷淋管116，当然，根据有机垃圾的种类不同，本领域技术人员可以自行选择选择合适的除臭液。喷淋管116沿废气处理塔111的径向延伸至废气处理塔111内，喷淋管116上设有若干喷头117，喷头117可以设置多层，以达到最佳除臭效果；干粉除臭器包括设置于废气处理塔111内的壳体118，壳体118上设有若干迂回通道119，迂回通道119一端连通废气进气口，另一端连通洁净气排放口112，壳体118上设有若干与迂回通道119连通的吸收孔，壳体118内设有除臭粉，根据有机垃圾的种类，可以选择不同的除臭粉(除臭液和除臭粉均为市场上可购买产品，在此不再赘述)，气路管道114倾斜安装于废气处理塔111上，废气进气口朝向废气处理塔111底部，喷淋时，不至于使得喷淋液倒流至气路管道114中，污水排放口113与废水处理装置13相连通。The waste gas treatment device 11 includes a waste gas treatment tower 111, the bottom of the waste gas treatment tower 111 is provided with a sewage discharge port 113, the top of the waste gas treatment tower 111 is provided with a clean gas discharge 112, and the top of the sewage discharge port 113 is provided with a waste gas inlet connected to an air pipeline 114 A spray deodorizer is provided above the exhaust gas inlet, and a dry powder deodorizer is provided above the spray deodorizer near the clean gas discharge port 112. The spray deodorizer includes a pumping pipeline 115 connected to the deodorant liquid. Of course, according to the different types of organic waste, those skilled in the art can choose suitable deodorizing liquid by themselves. The spray pipe 116 extends radially into the waste gas treatment tower 111 along the radial direction of the waste gas treatment tower 111. The spray pipe 116 is provided with a number of nozzles 117, and the nozzles 117 can be arranged in multiple layers to achieve the best deodorizing effect; dry powder deodorizer It includes a housing 118 arranged in the exhaust gas treatment tower 111. There are several detour passages 119 on the housing 118. One end of the detour passage 119 is connected to the exhaust gas inlet, and the other end is connected to the clean gas discharge port 112. There are several detours on the housing 118. The absorption hole that is communicated with detour channel 119, housing 118 is provided with deodorant powder, according to the kind of organic waste, can select different deodorant powder (deodorant liquid and deodorant powder all are available products on the market, here No more details), the gas pipeline 114 is installed obliquely on the exhaust gas treatment tower 111, and the exhaust gas inlet faces the bottom of the exhaust gas treatment tower 111. When spraying, the spray liquid will not flow back into the gas pipeline 114, and the sewage discharge port 113 communicates with the waste water treatment device 13 .
为更详细地描述本发明所述堆肥装置，如下描述其工作过程。To describe the composting device of the present invention in more detail, its working process is described as follows.
实施例1Example 1
取质量含水率为85％的城市污泥和质量含水率为10％的餐厨垃圾按质量比为3：1的比例通过进料口9加入到该堆肥装置的发酵仓6中，关闭进料口9，打开电控截止阀14，启动真空泵22，使得发酵仓6内形成15KPa的负压，关闭电控截止阀14，启动变频电机带动搅拌辊21转动，升温至45℃，加入双氧水，其量应使得搅拌一天后混合物料的质量含水率为60％和C／N(质量比)为30。经过如此处理，第二天温度便可达到50℃以上，在第三天达到最大70℃，然后在该温度下保持两天，启动电动机19，带动螺旋输料辊20转动，通过螺旋输料辊20的转动使污泥和固体有机废弃物转移至出料缓冲仓5，打开出料口8，排放。在该处理过程中，发酵仓6内氧气浓度如果低于一定值，例如氧气体积浓度小于5％，则通过螺旋输料辊20补充氧气，直至发酵仓6内的压力高于20KPa，然后打开电控截止阀14，抽真空，废气由顶部的废气出口10排出至废气处理装置11，废气处理装置11中的污水则排放至废水处理装置13中，与渗滤液集中处理。该处理装置仅不到5天即可完成污泥和固体有机垃圾的堆肥处理，大大缩短了处理时间，并且废气处理完全达标，污水也实现了集中处理，节省了资源。Take urban sludge with a mass moisture content of 85% and kitchen waste with a mass moisture content of 10% and add them to the fermentation bin 6 of the composting device through the feed port 9 at a mass ratio of 3:1, and close the feed Port 9, open the electronically controlled stop valve 14, start the vacuum pump 22, so that a negative pressure of 15KPa is formed in the fermentation chamber 6, close the electronically controlled stop valve 14, start the frequency conversion motor to drive the stirring roller 21 to rotate, heat up to 45°C, add hydrogen peroxide, and The amount should be such that the mass moisture content of the mixed material is 60% and the C/N (mass ratio) is 30 after stirring for one day. After such treatment, the temperature can reach more than 50°C on the second day, and reach a maximum of 70°C on the third day, and then keep at this temperature for two days, start the motor 19, drive the screw feed roller 20 to rotate, and pass through the screw feed roller. The rotation of 20 makes the sludge and solid organic waste transferred to the discharge buffer bin 5, and the discharge port 8 is opened for discharge. In this process, if the oxygen concentration in the fermentation chamber 6 is lower than a certain value, for example, the oxygen volume concentration is less than 5%, oxygen will be supplemented by the screw feed roller 20 until the pressure in the fermentation chamber 6 is higher than 20KPa, and then the power switch is turned on. Control the shut-off valve 14, vacuumize, and the waste gas is discharged from the waste gas outlet 10 on the top to the waste gas treatment device 11, and the sewage in the waste gas treatment device 11 is discharged into the waste water treatment device 13, and is treated together with the leachate. The treatment device can complete the composting of sludge and solid organic waste in less than 5 days, which greatly shortens the treatment time, and the waste gas treatment is fully up to standard, and the sewage is also treated in a centralized manner, saving resources.
应当理解，这些实施例的用途仅用于说明本发明而非意欲限制本发明的保护范围。此外，也应理解，在阅读了本发明的技术内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动、修改和／或变型，所有的这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的保护范围之内。It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, it should also be understood that after reading the technical content of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications and/or variations to the present invention, and all these equivalent forms also fall within the appended claims of the present application. within the defined scope of protection.
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