CN104829079A - 一种新型超临界水氧化处理污泥系统及方法 - Google Patents
一种新型超临界水氧化处理污泥系统及方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104829079A CN104829079A CN201510127719.6A CN201510127719A CN104829079A CN 104829079 A CN104829079 A CN 104829079A CN 201510127719 A CN201510127719 A CN 201510127719A CN 104829079 A CN104829079 A CN 104829079A
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- water
- supercritical water
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- oxygen
- gas
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000009284 supercritical water oxidation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound data:image/svg+xml;base64,PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0nMS4wJyBlbmNvZGluZz0naXNvLTg4NTktMSc/Pgo8c3ZnIHZlcnNpb249JzEuMScgYmFzZVByb2ZpbGU9J2Z1bGwnCiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgeG1sbnM9J2h0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnJwogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgeG1sbnM6cmRraXQ9J2h0dHA6Ly93d3cucmRraXQub3JnL3htbCcKICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSdodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rJwogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICB4bWw6c3BhY2U9J3ByZXNlcnZlJwp3aWR0aD0nMzAwcHgnIGhlaWdodD0nMzAwcHgnIHZpZXdCb3g9JzAgMCAzMDAgMzAwJz4KPCEtLSBFTkQgT0YgSEVBREVSIC0tPgo8cmVjdCBzdHlsZT0nb3BhY2l0eToxLjA7ZmlsbDojRkZGRkZGO3N0cm9rZTpub25lJyB3aWR0aD0nMzAwLjAnIGhlaWdodD0nMzAwLjAnIHg9JzAuMCcgeT0nMC4wJz4gPC9yZWN0Pgo8cGF0aCBjbGFzcz0nYm9uZC0wIGF0b20tMCBhdG9tLTEnIGQ9J00gMTA1LjgsMTcwLjUgTCAxOTUuNywxNzAuNScgc3R5bGU9J2ZpbGw6bm9uZTtmaWxsLXJ1bGU6ZXZlbm9kZDtzdHJva2U6I0U4NDIzNTtzdHJva2Utd2lkdGg6Mi4wcHg7c3Ryb2tlLWxpbmVjYXA6YnV0dDtzdHJva2UtbGluZWpvaW46bWl0ZXI7c3Ryb2tlLW9wYWNpdHk6MScgLz4KPHBhdGggY2xhc3M9J2JvbmQtMCBhdG9tLTAgYXRvbS0xJyBkPSdNIDEwNS44LDEyOS41IEwgMTk1LjcsMTI5LjUnIHN0eWxlPSdmaWxsOm5vbmU7ZmlsbC1ydWxlOmV2ZW5vZGQ7c3Ryb2tlOiNFODQyMzU7c3Ryb2tlLXdpZHRoOjIuMHB4O3N0cm9rZS1saW5lY2FwOmJ1dHQ7c3Ryb2tlLWxpbmVqb2luOm1pdGVyO3N0cm9rZS1vcGFjaXR5OjEnIC8+Cjx0ZXh0IHg9JzM1LjcnIHk9JzE3MC4wJyBjbGFzcz0nYXRvbS0wJyBzdHlsZT0nZm9udC1zaXplOjQwcHg7Zm9udC1zdHlsZTpub3JtYWw7Zm9udC13ZWlnaHQ6bm9ybWFsO2ZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eToxO3N0cm9rZTpub25lO2ZvbnQtZmFtaWx5OnNhbnMtc2VyaWY7dGV4dC1hbmNob3I6c3RhcnQ7ZmlsbDojRTg0MjM1JyA+TzwvdGV4dD4KPHRleHQgeD0nMjQwLjMnIHk9JzE3MC4wJyBjbGFzcz0nYXRvbS0xJyBzdHlsZT0nZm9udC1zaXplOjQwcHg7Zm9udC1zdHlsZTpub3JtYWw7Zm9udC13ZWlnaHQ6bm9ybWFsO2ZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eToxO3N0cm9rZTpub25lO2ZvbnQtZmFtaWx5OnNhbnMtc2VyaWY7dGV4dC1hbmNob3I6c3RhcnQ7ZmlsbDojRTg0MjM1JyA+TzwvdGV4dD4KPC9zdmc+Cg== data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 28
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical compound 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O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing
Abstract
本发明涉及一种新型超临界水氧化处理污泥系统及方法，它包括原料处理单元、超临界水氧化单元和清水池，所述清水池的出水口连接所述原料处理单元；所述超临界水氧化单元包括氧气供应系统、启动燃料系统、超临界水氧化反应器、气固分离系统、气液分离系统，其中，超临界水氧化反应器、气固分离系统、气液分离系统依次连接，所述启动燃料系统连接至超临界水氧化反应器的燃料入口，所述氧气供应系统连接至所述超临界水氧化反应器的氧气入口，所述气液分离系统的出口连接所述清水池，所述原料处理单元连接至超临界水氧化反应器的物料入口。本发明使污泥原料经预处理后能够与超临界水氧化处理系统相适应，完成污泥的超临界水氧化过程，从而实现能源和资源的再次回收。
Description
技术领域
[0001] 本发明属于污水处理及资源能源循环回收领域，特别涉及一种新型超临界水氧化处理污泥系统及方法。
背景技术
[0002] 污泥处理作为环保行业一个分支，“十二五”以来政策有所提及，但力度不如脱硫脱硝、垃圾焚烧等领域那么大。随着国家即将出台水污染防治行动计划(《清洁水行动计划》)，污泥处理有望成为环保投资新主题。据透露，该计划除明确各细分领域的污染物减排指标及具体任务外，计划最大的亮点是明确污泥处理将作为水污染防治重点任务之一，未来将加快推进全国污水处理厂的污泥处理设施同步建设，以弥合当前全国污泥处理率不足10%的落后现状。据测算，未来5年全国污泥处理设施建设(包括新建和既有设施改造)的基础投资需求将达600亿元，加之后期运行投入资金需求超100亿元/年，污泥处理撬动的总投资规模将超千亿元。
[0003] 一般污水处理厂产生的污泥为含水量在75〜99%不等的固体或流体状物质。其中的固体成分主要由有机残片、细菌菌体、无机颗粒、胶体及絮凝所用药剂等组成，是一种以有机成分为主，组分复杂的混合物，其中包含有潜在利用价值的有机质、氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)和各种微量元素。
[0004] 因此，需要寻求一种更适合的污泥综合处理系统及方法。
[0005] 超临界水氧化法是在超过水的临界点(T = 374.15°C，P = 22.12MPa)的高温高压条件下，以氧气和其他氧化剂将有机物进行“燃烧”氧化的方法。反应速度快、氧化效率很高，大部分有机物的去除率可达99%以上。
发明内容
[0006] 针对现有污泥处理技术存在的问题，本发明提供一种处理效率高、零污染排放、操作简单可同时实现能源和资源回收的新型超临界水氧化处理污泥系统及一种新型超临界水氧化处理污泥的方法。
[0007] 本发明解决其技术问题是通过以下技术方案实现的:
[0008] 一种新型超临界水氧化处理污泥系统，其特征在于:它包括原料处理单元、超临界水氧化单元和清水池，所述清水池的出水口连接所述原料处理单元；所述超临界水氧化单元包括氧气供应系统、启动燃料系统、超临界水氧化反应器、气固分离系统、气液分离系统，其中，超临界水氧化反应器、气固分离系统、气液分离系统依次连接，所述启动燃料系统连接至超临界水氧化反应器的燃料入口，所述氧气供应系统连接至所述超临界水氧化反应器的氧气入口，所述气液分离系统的出口连接所述清水池，所述原料处理单元连接至超临界水氧化反应器的物料入口。
[0009] 所述原料处理单元包括依次连通的粉碎研磨装置、均质装置和加压加温装置。
[0010] 所述的超临界水氧化反应器包括筒体、燃烧器、蒸发壁；所述筒体内部同心设置蒸发壁，所述蒸发壁与筒体之间形成沿筒体轴向分布的多级环状的封闭的狭隙，每个所述狭隙在筒体上开有入水口，经由入水口通入的液体能够通过所述蒸发壁渗入，在蒸发壁内表面形成水膜；燃烧器自筒体顶部伸入，所述燃烧器的燃烧嘴位于筒体内，筒体上部制有物料入口及氧气入口，燃烧器制有燃料入口及氧气入口，筒体底部制有液体排出口，蒸发壁由多孔材料制成，所述液体为亚临界水。
[0011] 所述气固分尚系统和气液分尚系统之间设置热交换系统，所述热交换系统的蒸汽出口连接蒸汽利用设备。
[0012] 所述气液分离系统的气体出口依次连接压力能回收系统、富氧回用系统和所述氧气供应系统。
[0013] 所述的气固分离系统的固体出口连接至固体盐类收集设备。
[0014] 一种新型超临界水氧化处理污泥的方法，其步骤包括:
[0015] I)原料处理:污泥先进入原料处理单元，进行粉碎研磨、加压、加温；污泥经加压、加热后的温度范围在300-370°C，压力范围在22-35Mpa ；
[0016] 2)超临界水氧化:氧气供应系统输出的氧气和经过原料处理后的污泥一同进入超临界水氧化反应器进行超临界水氧化反应；
[0017] 3)气固分离:在超临界水氧化反应器内氧化反应后的超临界流体和无机盐通过旋风分离器进行脱盐；
[0018] 4)气液分离:所述超临界流体在气液分离系统中控制压力到5〜lOMPa，进行气相和液相分离，气体部分为二氧化碳和多余氧气，液体部分为水。
[0019] 9、如权利要求8所述的一种新型超临界水氧化处理污泥的方法，其特征在于:所述步骤I)中粉碎研磨过程所需的水由所述步骤4)的所述液体部分提供。
[0020] 10、如权利要求8或9所述的一种新型超临界水氧化处理污泥的方法，其特征在于:所述步骤4)产生二氧化碳和氧气，产生的气体部分进入压力能回收系统对压力能进行回收，产生的氧气可在本系统中进行回用。
[0021] 本发明的优点和有益效果为:
[0022] 1、本发明的系统针对污泥具有粘稠、结块等性质，首先对污泥进行研磨，研磨即进入系统的污泥经研磨设备进行预处理，研磨设备的目的主要是切割和研磨，主要方式是对污泥进行破碎处理，使污泥达到均质、细化，以便于在系统中更好更充分的进行超临界水氧化反应，更好的使污泥这种原料与此综合处理系统相适应，完成后续的处理过程，完成污泥实现能源和资源回收的综合处理方案。
[0023] 2、本发明不仅适用于单一污泥的处理，而且可同时处理污泥、秸杆等固废；处理后产物为二氧化碳、水和无机盐，不会产生二次污染；过程中产生的热量不仅满足系统自身的用热，而且多余热量用来供暖、供冷和发电；二氧化碳的回收和富氧回用进一步节约了成本扩大了收益。
[0024] 3、本发明的超临界水氧化反应器采用多层筒体，各层筒体和蒸发壁之间形成相互独立的区域，进入此区域的为亚临界水，亚临界水在压差的作用下，流入蒸发壁内表面，由于蒸发壁采用多级安装，各个分区单独调节进水量，保证了在其上形成一层厚度均匀的水膜，溶解了在超临界反应过程中产生的无机盐，阻止了无机盐在内壁上的结垢，同时防止了腐蚀性物质与内筒壁接触从而造成的腐蚀；脱盐后的反应流体从底部流出，提高了装置的安全性，蒸发壁的使用降低了对反应釜筒体材料的选择难度；同时当蒸发壁破碎或者堵塞时，无需更换所有蒸发壁，只需更换损坏的蒸发壁即可使用。
附图说明
[0025] 图1为新型零污染污泥综合处理系统的示意图；
[0026] 图2为本发明中的超临界水氧化反应器的结构示意图。
[0027] 附图标记说明:
[0028] 粉碎研磨装置1、均质装置2、清水池3、加压加温装置4、蒸汽利用设备6、启动燃料系统7、超临界水氧化反应器8、气固分离系统9、热交换系统10、气液分离系统11、压力能回收系统12、氧气供应系统13、固体盐类收集设备14、富氧回用系统15、筒体16、入水口 17、狭隙18、物料入口及氧气入口 19、燃料入口及氧气入口 20、燃烧器21、蒸发壁22、液体排出P 23ο
具体实施方式
[0029] 下面通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步详述，以下实施例只是描述性的，不是限定性的，不能以此限定本发明的保护范围。
[0030] 如图1所示，一种新型超临界水氧化处理污泥系统，它包括原料处理单元、超临界水氧化单元和清水池3。清水池的出水口连接原料处理单元。原料处理单元包括依次连通的粉碎研磨装置1、均质装置2和加压加温装置4。
[0031] 超临界水氧化单元包括氧气供应系统13、启动燃料系统7、超临界水氧化反应器8、气固分离系统9、气液分离系统11，其中，超临界水氧化反应器、气固分离系统、气液分离系统依次连接，启动燃料系统连接至超临界水氧化反应器的燃料入口，氧气供应系统连接至所述超临界水氧化反应器的氧气入口，所述气液分离系统的出口连接所述清水池，原料处理单元连接至超临界水氧化反应器的物料入口。
[0032] 气固分尚系统和气液分尚系统之间设置热交换系统10，所述热交换系统的蒸汽出口连接蒸汽利用设备6。气液分离系统的气体出口依次连接压力能回收系统12、富氧回用系统15和所述氧气供应系统。气固分离系统的固体出口连接至固体盐类收集设备14。
[0033] 如图2所示，超临界水氧化反应器包括筒体16、燃烧器21、蒸发壁22 ;所述筒体内部同心设置蒸发壁，所述蒸发壁与筒体之间形成沿筒体轴向分布的多级环状的封闭的狭隙18，每个所述狭隙在筒体上开有入水口 17，经由入水口通入的液体能够通过所述蒸发壁渗入，在蒸发壁内表面形成水膜；燃烧器自筒体顶部伸入，所述燃烧器的燃烧嘴位于筒体内，筒体上部制有物料入口及氧气入口 19，燃烧器制有燃料入口及氧气入口 20，筒体底部制有液体排出口 23，蒸发壁由多孔材料制成，所述液体为亚临界水。
[0034] 一种新型超临界水氧化处理污泥的方法，其步骤包括:
[0035] 本实施例中，设计进水COD为3400mg/L，PH为8.5。
[0036] I)原料处理:污泥先进入原料处理单元，进行粉碎研磨、加压、加温；污泥经加压、加热后的温度范围在300-370°C，压力范围在22-35Mpa ；
[0037] 2)超临界水氧化:经过原料处理单元处理的污泥，送至超临界水氧化单元的超临界水氧化反应器中，同时氧气供应系统输出的氧气、经过预处理后的污泥一同进入超临界水氧化反应器进行超临界水氧化反应。
[0038] 3)气固分离:经过超临界反应后可利用多效蒸发装置对无机盐进行回收，进行气固分呙。
[0039] 4)气液分离:所述超临界流体在气液分离系统中控制压力到5〜lOMPa，进行气相和液相分离，气体部分为二氧化碳和多余氧气，液体部分为水。气体部分进入到压力能回收系统，压力能回收是经过三级换热器的热流体依次经过一级液力透平机组、第一气液分离器及二级液力透平机组进行压力回收。步骤I)中粉碎研磨过程所需的水由所述步骤4)的所述液体部分提供。
Claims (9)
1.一种新型超临界水氧化处理污泥系统，其特征在于:它包括原料处理单元、超临界水氧化单元和清水池，所述清水池的出水口连接所述原料处理单元；所述超临界水氧化单元包括氧气供应系统、启动燃料系统、超临界水氧化反应器、气固分离系统、气液分离系统，其中，超临界水氧化反应器、气固分离系统、气液分离系统依次连接，所述启动燃料系统连接至超临界水氧化反应器的燃料入口，所述氧气供应系统连接至所述超临界水氧化反应器的氧气入口，所述气液分离系统的出口连接所述清水池，所述原料处理单元连接至超临界水氧化反应器的物料入口。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种新型超临界水氧化处理污泥系统，其特征在于:所述原料处理单元包括依次连通的粉碎研磨装置、均质装置和加压加温装置。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种新型超临界水氧化处理污泥系统，其特征在于:所述的超临界水氧化反应器包括筒体、燃烧器、蒸发壁；所述筒体内部同心设置蒸发壁，所述蒸发壁与筒体之间形成沿筒体轴向分布的多级环状的封闭的狭隙，每个所述狭隙在筒体上开有入水口，经由入水口通入的液体能够通过所述蒸发壁渗入，在蒸发壁内表面形成水膜；燃烧器自筒体顶部伸入，所述燃烧器的燃烧嘴位于筒体内，筒体上部制有物料入口及氧气入口，燃烧器制有燃料入口及氧气入口，筒体底部制有液体排出口，蒸发壁由多孔材料制成，所述液体为亚临界水。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种新型超临界水氧化处理污泥系统，其特征在于:所述气固分离系统和气液分离系统之间设置热交换系统，所述热交换系统的蒸汽出口连接蒸汽利用设备。
5.根据权利要求1-4之一所述的一种新型超临界水氧化处理污泥系统，其特征在于:所述气液分离系统的气体出口依次连接压力能回收系统、富氧回用系统和所述氧气供应系统。
6.根据权利要求1-4之一所述的一种新型超临界水氧化处理污泥系统，其特征在于:所述的气固分离系统的固体出口连接至固体盐类收集设备。
7.一种新型超临界水氧化处理污泥的方法，其步骤包括: 1)原料处理:污泥先进入原料处理单元，进行粉碎研磨、加压、加温；污泥经加压、加热后的温度范围在300-370°C，压力范围在22-35Mpa ； 2)超临界水氧化:氧气供应系统输出的氧气和经过原料处理后的污泥一同进入超临界水氧化反应器进行超临界水氧化反应； 3)气固分离:在超临界水氧化反应器内氧化反应后的超临界流体和无机盐通过旋风分离器进行脱盐； 4)气液分离:所述超临界流体在气液分离系统中控制压力到5〜lOMPa，进行气相和液相分离，气体部分为二氧化碳和多余氧气，液体部分为水。
8.如权利要求7所述的一种新型超临界水氧化处理污泥的方法，其特征在于:所述步骤I)中粉碎研磨过程所需的水由所述步骤4)的所述液体部分提供。
9.如权利要求7或8所述的一种新型超临界水氧化处理污泥的方法，其特征在于:所述步骤4)产生二氧化碳和氧气，产生的气体部分进入压力能回收系统对压力能进行回收，产生的氧气可在本系统中进行回用。
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