CN104807900A - Sea surface oil spilling monitoring system - Google Patents
Sea surface oil spilling monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104807900A CN104807900A CN201510207931.3A CN201510207931A CN104807900A CN 104807900 A CN104807900 A CN 104807900A CN 201510207931 A CN201510207931 A CN 201510207931A CN 104807900 A CN104807900 A CN 104807900A
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Abstract
The invention provides a sea surface oil spilling monitoring system which comprises a server used for data processing and alarm instruction judgment and output, and at least one monitoring device, wherein the monitoring device is in communication connection with the server, and comprises a floating device, a monitoring terminal and a gas chromatograph; the floating device is used for floating on a sea surface; the monitoring terminal comprises a suction nozzle; the suction nozzle is arranged on the floating device and used for acquiring gas on the sea surface; and the gas chromatograph is connected with the monitoring terminal and used for analyzing the gas on the sea surface. According to the monitoring system, multiple sample points of the sea surface are monitored, a sample acquired by the monitoring terminal is supplied to the gas chromatograph, a peak value is exported via detection and analysis, whether oil spilling is generated is judged, an alarm is immediately given once the oil spilling is found, and monitoring personnel are reminded to perform corresponding operation, so that the sea surface oil spilling monitoring efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental monitoring, especially spilled oil monitoring field, particularly a kind of offshore spilled oil monitoring system.
Background technology
Along with economic development, the demand of oil is also in cumulative year after year.Such as China has become petroleum import big country, and its petroleum import has 58% to pass through marine transportation.In harbour handling operation process, once there is oil spilling, bring to the ecologic environment of enterprise, coastland and the periphery people can not anticipated losses and disaster.
Along with seaborne development, marine oil overflow accident also happens occasionally, and marine oil overflow not only brings huge economic loss to human society, also brings immeasurable environment and ecology influence, and it is greatly unfavorable to bring the sustainable development of economy.Because marine oil spill has sudden and not predictability, although operating personnel are extremely careful, also make a large amount of preparation, but after oil spilling occurs, fail Timeliness coverage taking measures, loss can not be estimated, thus how the very first time determine oil spilling be still the most important thing.Get rid of oil tanker produces oil spilling unpredictable property when navigating by water, at harbour, offshore drilling platform etc., there is place, fixed position and carry out real-time spilled oil monitoring, the generation of oil spilling can be found the very first time, adopt relevant emergency preplan, reduce the impact of oil spilling on economy and ecologic environment to the full extent.
In April, 2012, Gulfian drilling platform is blasted accident, due to not process effectively in time, oil spillage reaches 670,000 tons, form the oil band of 200 kilometers, it is large that difficulty is implemented in offshore spilled oil eliminating work, and the economic loss that this incident causes, environmental loss are beyond measure.On July 16th, 2010, there is especially big pipe laying explosion accident in DaLian, China New Port, and this time accident oil spillage reaches more than 1500 tons, causes 430km
2sea is polluted, wherein, and 12km
2for severe maritime environment pollution, 52km
2for general maritime environment pollution.This time oil spilling causes a large amount of direct economic losses to coastal industries such as Dalian sea fishery, coastal tourism, sea salt industry, littoral food processings.For the pollution of marine ecology, on the impact of Yu Haiyang overhead according to the birds fished for a living, and the imponderable loss of the air pollution that causes of oil spilling etc. is huge especially.From oil spill accident always, can find out once there is oil spilling, not take the effective measures such as oil spilling recovery in time, will bring marine eco-environment purification enormous pressure after oil spilling, loss can not be estimated.
Based on the oil spill accident that these have occurred, the necessity to spilled oil monitoring can be drawn, so multiple country all makes laws to this.Such as middle chapter 2 Article 14 clearly states harbour and harbour should arrange monitoring device in Chinese " People's Republic of China's law of marine environmental protection " (revision in 2013); And " when harbour loads and unloads oil product and other cargo types, quantity high is on request equipped with in the 4.2nd according in Chinese transportation ministerial standard " requirement of port and pier spill response equipment configuration " (JTT451-2009) simultaneously.When same harbour has multiple berth, except permanent distribution type oil containment boom and oil spilling monitor warning device, the quantity that other equipment can be high is on request equipped with ".This just requires that oil jetty all needs to set up the harbour spill response system adapted with harbor service scale.By setting up effective spilled oil monitoring equipment and Contingency Response Plan, can take measures early when oil spilling occurs, reducing loss, realizing sustainable development.But ageing, accuracy and comprehensive the needing of current spilled oil monitoring and warning device are improved.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of offshore spilled oil monitoring system, to monitor harbour oil spilling in time, accurately, comprehensively.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of offshore spilled oil monitoring system, comprise for data processing, judge and the server of output alarm instruction, wherein, also comprise at least one monitoring device, described monitoring device is connected with described server communication; Described monitoring device comprises: flotation gear, for across the sea floating; Monitoring terminal, comprises suction nozzle, and described suction nozzle is arranged on described flotation gear, for gathering sea gas; Gas chromatograph, is connected with described monitoring terminal, to analyze sea gas.
In a kind of preferred implementation of above-mentioned offshore spilled oil monitoring system, described monitoring device also comprises: alarm, is arranged on described flotation gear, for after receiving the alarm command that described server sends, sends alerting signal.
In a kind of preferred implementation of above-mentioned offshore spilled oil monitoring system, described monitoring device also comprises current instrument, anemoscope and/or tide gauge, to monitor the current on sea, wind speed and/or tidal level respectively.
In a kind of preferred implementation of above-mentioned offshore spilled oil monitoring system, described flotation gear bottom is tubular, and top is frustum; And the edge, lower surface of described flotation gear is provided with multiple for providing the buoy of buoyancy.
In a kind of preferred implementation of above-mentioned offshore spilled oil monitoring system, described flotation gear is up to more than 3 meters, and it is inner that described suction nozzle is located at described flotation gear, and apart from described at least 1 meter, flotation gear lower surface.
In a kind of preferred implementation of above-mentioned offshore spilled oil monitoring system, described monitoring terminal also comprises: separator-filter, and pipeline is connected to described suction nozzle, for separating of, the unnecessary component of filtering in sea gas; Fly-ash separator, pipeline is connected to the outlet of described separator-filter, for purifying sea gas; Fan blower, pipeline is connected to the outlet of described fly-ash separator, for providing power for sea gas flow; Sound suppressor, pipeline is connected to the outlet of described fan blower, and its outlet is then connected with described gas chromatograph.
In a kind of preferred implementation of above-mentioned offshore spilled oil monitoring system, described gas chromatograph comprises inlet plenum, chromatographic column, carrier gas inlet, and described inlet plenum is directly connected with described chromatographic column.
In a kind of preferred implementation of above-mentioned offshore spilled oil monitoring system, multiple described monitoring terminal is corresponding with a described gas chromatograph, the sea gas that monitoring terminal described in described gas chromatograph circling measurment obtains.
In a kind of preferred implementation of above-mentioned offshore spilled oil monitoring system, be provided with the gas specimen chamber for storing gas in described inlet plenum, described gas specimen chamber is provided with pressure transducer.
In a kind of preferred implementation of above-mentioned offshore spilled oil monitoring system, also comprise: controller and to be connected with described controller and by the first valve, the second valve, the 3rd valve of described controller sequence of control actions, described pressure transducer is connected to send pressure signal with described controller, described first valve is connected on the admission line of described gas specimen chamber, described second valve is connected on the carrier gas delivery line of described gas specimen chamber, and described 3rd valve is connected on the output channel of described gas specimen chamber.
Analyze known, the present invention discloses a kind of offshore spilled oil monitoring system, it is by the monitoring to the multiple sampling point in sea, pass into gas chromatograph by the sample collected by monitoring terminal, detect to analyze and derive peak value, by determining whether to produce oil spilling, once discovery oil spilling, send warning immediately, remind monitor staff to carry out corresponding operating, improve offshore spilled oil monitoring efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the monitoring terminal of the embodiment of the present invention, the syndeton schematic diagram of gas chromatograph;
Fig. 3 is the detailed syndeton schematic diagram of parts in the gas chromatograph of the embodiment of the present invention;
The master that Fig. 4, Fig. 5 are respectively the flotation gear of the embodiment of the present invention depending on, look up structural representation;
Fig. 6 is the annexation schematic diagram of the chromatographic vaporizer of conventional gas-phase and miscellaneous part.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further details.
For effectively monitoring oil spilling information more in real time, accurately send warning message, improve water-surface oil spilling monitoring efficiency, the invention provides a kind of offshore spilled oil monitoring system, it incorporates correlation technique of the prior art, each functional module is integrated, in conjunction with, one platform gas chromatograph can connect multiple monitoring terminal, each monitoring terminal will gather the sea information of corresponding layout points, be defeated by gas chromatograph to discontinuity or continuity, by detecting, derive peak value figure, finally by the program control operations of back-end server, provide instruction of whether reporting to the police, and the series of measures of reply situation.
Concrete structure as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the embodiment of the present invention comprises server 100, communicator 200, monitoring device 300, server 100 establishes a communications link by communicator 200 and pick-up unit 300, and the quantity of monitoring device 300 and distributing position are according to setting, there is no limitation.Particularly, server 100 for data processing, judge and output alarm instruction, such as basic information management, data management, crash programme management, data analysis and display etc.Monitoring device 300 is for obtaining, uploading sea gas data etc., and it comprises substantially: flotation gear 2, monitoring terminal 301, gas chromatograph 302 etc.Flotation gear 2, for across the sea floating, for other equipment provide a mounting points, in order to stable sea, monitoring certain gas, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that flotation gear 2 is also provided with positioning system etc.Monitoring terminal 301 comprises suction nozzle 1, and suction nozzle 1 is arranged on flotation gear 2, for gathering sea gas.Gas chromatograph 302 is connected with monitoring terminal 301, to analyze sea gas, and uploads onto the server 100 via communicator 200.
As shown in Figure 1, in order to people can be reminded to take measures, monitoring device 300 also comprises alarm 303, and it is arranged on flotation gear 2, for after receiving the alarm command that server 100 sends, sends alerting signal.Meanwhile, the display interface of server 100 also can display alarm information and monitor the position of flotation gear 2 of warning message.In other embodiments, warning message also can be sent on the equipment such as the mobile phone of staff by server.
As shown in Figure 1, monitoring device 300 also comprises current instrument 304, anemoscope 306 and tide gauge 305, to monitor the current on sea, wind speed and tidal level respectively.
During embodiment of the present invention application, the peak value that gas chromatograph 302 is recorded is derived after the display interface of server 100, reporting to the police immediately when there being oil spilling peak value to occur, sending instruction, and synchronously write down the data of the wind speed of transmission, flow rate of water flow, tidal level and sensing point, be convenient to people and consider, take the precautionary measures.
As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, flotation gear 2 bottom is tubular, and top 21 is frustum, and its edge, lower surface is provided with multiple for providing the buoy 22 of buoyancy, is provided with through hole 210 in the end face center on top 21.As Fig. 2, the pipeline 3 connecting suction nozzle 1 passes through from this through hole 210.
Shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, flotation gear 2 is positioned on sea, and form the cylinder cone space that take sea the end of as, buoy 22 is provided with 3-5, and is evenly distributed on circumference, preferably leaves certain interval.The agent structure of flotation gear 2 can adopt glass-reinforced plastic material etc., and the cylinder cone space that it supports preferably is no less than 3 meters, and the inner suction nozzle 1 arranged remains on 1 ~ 2 meter apart from sea.
As Fig. 2, monitoring terminal 302 comprises separator-filter 4, fly-ash separator 5, fan blower 6, sound suppressor 7.Gas chromatograph then comprises inlet plenum 8, detecting device 9, chromatographic column 12, carrier gas inlet 10, drain 11, signal wire 13 etc.Wherein, separator-filter 4 is connected to suction nozzle 1 by pipeline 3, for separating of, the unnecessary component of filtering in sea gas.Fly-ash separator 5 pipeline is connected to the outlet of separator-filter 4, for purifying sea gas.Fan blower 6 pipeline is connected to the outlet of fly-ash separator 5, for providing power for sea gas flows in the duct.Sound suppressor 7 pipeline is connected to the outlet of fan blower 6, and its outlet is then connected with the inlet plenum 8 of gas chromatograph 302.
As shown in Figure 6, the interface A of the vaporizer of traditional gas chromatograph connects chromatographic column, and interface B is carrier gas inlet, and interface C, interface D are then respectively used to sample gas inlet, sample gas emptying.
There is certain difference in gas chromatograph 302 and traditional gas chromatograph of the present embodiment, the inlet plenum 8 of the gas chromatograph 302 of the application no longer includes vaporizer, processed by separator-filter 4, fly-ash separator 5 etc. and the sample gas (namely gather and sea gas process) that is transported to inlet plenum 8 directly enters chromatographic column 12 together with the carrier gas inputted by carrier gas inlet 10, carried out detecting derivation peak value figure then.
Preferably, separator-filter 4 is provided with sodium chloride screen pack, and to filter the common composition of sea gas, meanwhile, the moisture by mistake sucked can be discharged at separator-filter 4.Separator-filter 4, fly-ash separator 5 etc. can provide the purer gas not having material containing sea, ensure that the gas flowing to gas chromatograph 302 is effective sample gas.
Consider that package unit runs on sea at harbour etc., therefore, the parts of all and contact with sea water of the present embodiment have corresponding anti-corrosion measure, and such as the surface of flotation gear 2 is coated with anticorrosive coat.
The gas chromatograph 302 of the present embodiment receives sampling, and record peak value figure, and round-the-clock running, for realization and alarm make guarantee.Gas chromatograph 302 utilizes each component different with the partition factor between immobile liquid liquid phase in the gas phase of chromatographic column 12, in chromatographic column 12, travelling speed is different, by one section of column length, sequentially pass through the detecting device 9 of chromatographic column 12, be converted to electric signal after detection and deliver to server 100 through signal wire 13, complete the qualitative and quantitative analysis to measured matter.
Further preferably, in order to the effect making air inlet function reach robotization, the present embodiment is by the pressure differential of setting front end sample phase, realize the auto injection highly repeated, specific implementation structure as shown in Figure 3, also namely, the gas chromatograph of the present embodiment can be realized by the existing Liquid sample introduction chromatograph of repacking:
1, interface 808 is the oil and gas import through purification oil gas, and its rear end is provided with air volume regulating valve 805, and 809, interface is connected with chromatographic column 12, and interface 809 front end is provided with the valve 807 be connected with controller 804.
2, repack the vaporizer of this outfit in inlet plenum 8 into gas specimen chamber 802, for collecting a certain amount of gas sample, the flowing valve in existing apparatus will no longer be set up.Gas specimen chamber 802 is provided with pressure transducer 801, and this pressure transducer 801 is connected with controller 804.
3, the air volume regulating valve 805 be connected with controller 804 is installed before gas specimen chamber 802, for control gas flow, automatically will closes injection port after reaching a certain amount of gas.The control of air volume regulating valve 805 is that controller 804 sets, and controller 804 reads the reading of pressure transducer 801, realizes the auto injection of gas according to certain pressure differential.
4, carrier gas bottle 803 is for exporting the carrier gas such as inert gas, and it is connected with gas specimen chamber 802, and connecting tube is provided with valve 806.
During actual motion, oil gas is by the cleansing phase of front end, remove unnecessary foreign gas, air volume regulating valve 805 is opened, gas is made to enter gas specimen chamber 802, when gas specimen chamber 802 pressure reaches set pressure, air volume regulating valve 805 is closed, control to open with the valve 807 of chromatographic column 12 connecting tube, after gas specimen chamber 802 pressure is balanced with it, valve 806 is opened, carrier gas enters, sample gas is pushed chromatographic column 12, after certain hour, chromatographic column 12 provides analysis, by amplifier output image, when no longer there is peak value in detected image, valve 806 is closed, pressure between gas specimen chamber 802 and chromatographic column 12 reaches balance, valve 807 is closed.At this moment, pressure transducer 801 numerical value gets back to initial position, and air volume regulating valve 805 is opened, and realizes repeating sample introduction.
From upper analysis, gas chromatograph after repacking, robotization can be realized and highly repeat sample introduction, by controller 804 setting program, can accurately control gas input, error is less and control system is simple to operation understandable, and package unit is compared and reduced to some extent with conventional gas-phase chromatograph volume, safeguards to wait also to be easier to.
In the present embodiment, because needs are to oil spilling qualitative analysis, the selection of detecting device 9 to be:
One, katharometer, detecting device conventional in gas chromatograph, have response to organism and inorganics, good stability, sensitivity is suitable for doing constant or the analysis of 10^ ﹣ 6 order of magnitude, and its range of linearity is about 10^4.
Two, flame ionization detector, high sensitivity all-purpose detector, has sensitive response to organism, and doubly, detectability reaches 10^ ﹣ 13g/s to remolding sensitivity heat-conducting type height 10^2 ~ 10^4.
Three, electron capture detector, have response to electronegativity material, detection sensitivity is high, and minimum monitoring concentration can reach 10^ ﹣ 14g/ml, and the range of linearity is about 10^3.
Above three kinds of detecting devices can as the detecting device 9 of the gas chromatograph 302 of the present embodiment, and sensitivity requirement can reach requirement, but considers cost and goal of the invention place, preferred heat-conducting type detecting device.
In addition, gas chromatograph 302, in the selection of carrier gas, based on inert gas, can adopt nitrogen, hydrogen and helium, and hydrogen is selected in suggestion.For chromatographic column 12, then can select HP-PLOL U chromatographic column, this chromatographic column on fused quartz, is coated with stain and the chromatographic column of bonding divinylbenzene/ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate fat, also can select HP PLOT A1203 ' S ', HP PLOT A1203 ' M ' or HP PLOTA120 ' KC1 ' chromatographic column.
In the present embodiment, server 100 can be corresponding with a monitoring device 300, also can be corresponding with multiple monitoring device 300.Similarly, a gas chromatograph 302 can be corresponding with one or more monitoring terminal, if multiple, and the sea gas that gas chromatograph 302 circling measurment monitoring terminal 302 obtains.
In other words, monitoring point, multiple sea is had in the present invention, monitoring point reasonable layout is in monitored area, such as be evenly distributed on harbour edge, oil carrier loading place, and each monitoring point is furnished with acoustic scene light crossing-signal, server 100 can clearly show, for staff provides Informational support the position of each monitoring point, running status.Such as, during gas chromatograph 302 circling measurment, gas chromatograph 302 carries out a complete detection derives that the chances are 20 minutes, and monitoring and setting cycle length is 20 minutes, each monitoring point is detected once, is realized the air inlet in turn of each monitoring point by the closedown and unlatching setting autocontrol valve.Because only need the collection of sea gas, do not need to consider that other cross multifactorial impact, the effect of round-the-clock uninterrupted monitoring can be reached, can accomplish in time to find that oil spilling immediately sends warning.
To sum up, spilled oil monitoring terminal of the present invention is connected with corresponding server by communicator, corresponding field data is transferred to the database of server, reasonably calculated by corresponding, make after accurately judging, make corresponding accurate instruction to warning device, if any oil spilling, sending report to the police instruction and on-the-spot sound and light alarm makes instruction immediately, data will be stored into database, for profile is done in inquiry from now on.In addition, data transmission of the present invention adopts wired or wireless communication modes, the signal collected all will convert unified data layout to, ensure the maximization of data compression rate, save communication fee on the one hand, also save communication bandwidth, ensure the stability of communication and the integrality of data by these means.
Visible, the present invention can monitor oil spilling information in real time effectively, accurately sends warning message, improves water-surface oil spilling monitoring efficiency.
As known by the technical knowledge, the present invention can be realized by other the embodiment not departing from its Spirit Essence or essential feature.Therefore, above-mentioned disclosed embodiment, with regard to each side, all just illustrates, is not only.Within the scope of the present invention all or be all included in the invention being equal to the change in scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an offshore spilled oil monitoring system, comprise for data processing, judge and the server of output alarm instruction, it is characterized in that, also comprise at least one monitoring device, described monitoring device is connected with described server communication; Described monitoring device comprises:
Flotation gear, for across the sea floating;
Monitoring terminal, comprises suction nozzle, and described suction nozzle is arranged on described flotation gear, for gathering sea gas;
Gas chromatograph, is connected with described monitoring terminal, to analyze sea gas.
2. offshore spilled oil monitoring system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described monitoring device also comprises:
Alarm, is arranged on described flotation gear, for after receiving the alarm command that described server sends, sends alerting signal.
3. offshore spilled oil monitoring system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described monitoring device also comprises current instrument, anemoscope and/or tide gauge, to monitor the current on sea, wind speed and/or tidal level respectively.
4. offshore spilled oil monitoring system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described flotation gear bottom is tubular, and top is frustum; And the edge, lower surface of described flotation gear is provided with multiple for providing the buoy of buoyancy.
5. offshore spilled oil monitoring system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described flotation gear is up to more than 3 meters, and it is inner that described suction nozzle is located at described flotation gear, and apart from described at least 1 meter, flotation gear lower surface.
6. offshore spilled oil monitoring system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described monitoring terminal also comprises:
Separator-filter, pipeline is connected to described suction nozzle, for separating of, the unnecessary component of filtering in sea gas;
Fly-ash separator, pipeline is connected to the outlet of described separator-filter, for purifying sea gas;
Fan blower, pipeline is connected to the outlet of described fly-ash separator, for providing power for sea gas flow;
Sound suppressor, pipeline is connected to the outlet of described fan blower, and its outlet is then connected with described gas chromatograph.
7. offshore spilled oil monitoring system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described gas chromatograph comprises inlet plenum, chromatographic column, carrier gas inlet, and described inlet plenum is directly connected with described chromatographic column.
8. offshore spilled oil monitoring system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, multiple described monitoring terminal is corresponding with a described gas chromatograph, the sea gas that monitoring terminal described in described gas chromatograph circling measurment obtains.
9. offshore spilled oil monitoring system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, be provided with the gas specimen chamber for storing gas in described inlet plenum, described gas specimen chamber is provided with pressure transducer.
10. offshore spilled oil monitoring system according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, also comprise: controller and to be connected with described controller and by the first valve, the second valve, the 3rd valve of described controller sequence of control actions, described pressure transducer is connected to send pressure signal with described controller, described first valve is connected on the admission line of described gas specimen chamber, described second valve is connected on the carrier gas delivery line of described gas specimen chamber, and described 3rd valve is connected on the output channel of described gas specimen chamber.
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| CN201510207931.3A CN104807900A (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2015-04-28 | Sea surface oil spilling monitoring system |
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| CN108806199A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-13 | 昆山智易知信息科技有限公司 | Offshore spilled oil monitoring threshold setting method based on ID3 algorithms and neural network |
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