CN104798732B - A kind of method of the smooth huge chela mite of artificial mass rearing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for artificially raising a large number of giant cheeter mites. The method is to use diptera pests such as dung mosquitoes, fungus mosquitoes, and flea flies at a temperature of 18-30°C, a relative humidity of 65-100%, and an environment without light. A method of artificially rearing predatory mites. The specific operation is first to use underground bulbs and root crops as food for Diptera pests, cut them into pieces and put them in a breeding container; insert Diptera pests, and after 7-14 days of breeding, then insert giant cheeter mite; After every interval of 14-21 days, the residues eaten at the bottom were replaced and fresh underground bulbs and root crops were added. After 14-49 days of feeding, a large number of feeding of the giant chelicerae was achieved. The invention provides a simple, efficient and practical method for producing the giant chelicerus glabrata. The breeding method of the method can also be applied to the breeding of other predatory mites such as the family Macrochelidae and the family Laelapidae.

Description

A method of artificially raising a large number of giant cheeter mite

technical field

The invention relates to a method for artificially raising a large amount of giant chelicerids, and belongs to the field of artificially raising predatory mites.

technical background

With the continuous improvement of people's awareness of the hazards caused by chemical pesticides, in recent years, biological control of pests and diseases has gradually received attention and recognition, and its application in agricultural production has also increased year by year. As the most widely used and effective biological control method, the use of predatory mites to control agricultural pests has made remarkable progress in agricultural production fields such as vegetables, fruits, and edible fungi. It is also the first choice for natural enemy companies in developed countries to seize the domestic market One of the main varieties.

At present, the development of predatory mites by natural enemy companies at home and abroad uses the aboveground parts to control the phytoseiidae such as spider mites and thrips on the plants (such as axenic cucurbita, phytoseiilis chrysalis), and the shallow life of the soil. The most common species of Lepididae (such as sword-haired handkerchief, apical narrow shield mite) are the main species. The predatory mites of the family Macrocherichidae have the advantages of wide predation range and high efficiency, especially have a good control effect on edible fungus nematodes, fungus mosquitoes or fly larvae, and are a type of shallow soil living species with great development value. Predatory mites. At present, foreign countries have carried out the commercial development of Macrocheles robustulus and promoted their use in greenhouses. For example, the release of Macrocheles robustulus, a product developed by the Dutch Koppert Biological Control Company, in greenhouses can effectively control fungus mosquitoes and other pests. In my country, the development and application of Macrocheles robustulus Application is blank.

The smooth macrocheles glaber studied in the present invention belongs to my country's native macrocheles, and belongs to Mesostigmata, Macrochelidae and Macrocheles. It feeds on the eggs or young larvae of nematodes, springtails, acaroids, fungus gnats, and gnats, and often inhabits around the soil of root crops and in edible fungus sheds. It is an excellent predatory mite that needs to be developed urgently .

Contents of the invention

The present invention provides a method for artificially raising a large number of giant cheeter mites, aiming at raising and multiplying a class of predatory mites that live in the shallow layer of the soil, and artificially breeding predatory mites to achieve control of pests and pests in greenhouses and edible mushroom houses. purpose of mites.

The method of artificially rearing the giant cheeter mite in large quantities is as follows: at a temperature of 18-30°C, a relative humidity of 65-100%, and an environment without light, and in a special breeding container using Diptera pests to raise a large number of the giant cheeter mite. .

Specifically include the following steps:

1) Preparation of feeding container: the feeding container is a rectangular or round sealed box;

2) Types and preparation of food for prey: Use underground bulbs and root crops as food for prey, wash them with clean water and cut them into square pieces with a length of 2-5cm, and add about 1/3-1/2 volume of food to the feeding reserve in the container;

3) Addition of feeding medium: In order to ensure the humidity of feeding, add a medium with good water retention effect, such as peat soil, coconut shell, sawdust or vermiculite, etc., the volume ratio of the added medium and prey food is 0: 1-1: 1, Autoclave before use;

4) The type of prey: use the pests of Dermogidae, Oculomidae, and Phylophaidae as prey, the number is 1-10 per cm ³ , and add them to the feeding container containing the prey food;

5) Breeding of Macrocherichus glabrata: In an environment with a temperature of 18-30°C, a relative humidity of 65-100%, and no light, the prey was bred in a breeding container for 7-14 days and then inserted into the macrocheacher glabrata. The prey and The stocking ratio of Megacheeter glabrata is 10 : 1 –100 : 1, and every 14 – 21 days of feeding, replace the residues that are about 1 – 5 cm high at the bottom after being eaten, and add the same volume of fresh food, after feeding for 14 – 49 days , you can get a lot of smooth giant cheeter mite.

The food of the prey is one of yam, sweet potato, taro, onion, ginger, garlic, two or more are used in combination, preferably used alone.

The types of the prey are dung mosquitoes, fungus mosquitoes, and flea flies, and one kind, two kinds or more than two kinds of preys are used in combination, preferably used alone.

The rearing container is a rectangular or round airtight box made of plastic, metal or glass, wider than its height, 10-40cm in width and 5-20cm in height, easy to observe, and the top cover is sealed with gauze or gauze net. The mesh size is 150 - 200 mesh.

The invention is mainly applied to vegetables, ornamental crops and edible fungus beds produced in greenhouses, and the pests and mites mainly aimed at are Oculomidae, Coprognathidae, Pleophilidae, Acarididae and Rhizomatidae.

The advantage of the present invention is that it is the first report on the artificial breeding of the giant chelicerid mite. The use of Diptera pests as prey avoids the potential risk of secondary pollution caused by the current feeding of predatory mites at home and abroad, and the feeding materials do not contain bran, yeast, pollen, etc. influential material. Simultaneously, the present invention can be applied to the feeding of other predatory mites such as Macrochelidae and Laelapidae that live in other soil.

detailed description

The following methods are only examples of the implementation of the claims and the content of the invention, and do not represent limitations on the claims and the content of the invention.

Implementing measures

1) Preparation of the breeding container: a sealed transparent plastic box of 8cm×12cm×6cm, the top of the lid is sealed with gauze, and the number of mesh openings is 200 mesh;

2) Preparation of food for prey: use yam as food for prey, wash it with clean water and cut it into square pieces with a length of 3 cm, and add about 1/2 volume of yam in a plastic box for later use;

3) Addition of feeding medium: add about 1/8 volume of peat soil after autoclaving into the plastic box;

4) The type of prey: the 2-3 instar larvae of Dermodon spp. are used as prey, the number is 5/cm ³ , and they are added to the breeding container containing the prey food;

5) Rearing of Macrocherichus glabrata: In an environment with a temperature of 25°C, a relative humidity of 100%, and no light, the prey was placed in a breeding container, and after 10 days of breeding, it was inoculated with Macrocherichus glabrata. The stocking ratio was 20:1, and the residue about 3 cm high at the bottom was replaced every 14 days, and the same volume of fresh food was added. After 30 days of feeding, a large number of giant chelicerids could proliferate.

Implementation results

Under the conditions of temperature 25℃, relative humidity 100%, and no light, the developmental duration and adult lifespan of the giant cheetera glabrata feeding on D. glabrata (see Table 1). It can be seen from Table 1 that the larvae, nymphs, and adults of Megacheeter glabrata can be reared and complete growth and development by D. elegans. Among them, the lifespan of the adult stage of Macrocherichus glabrata was longer than that of the larvae and nymphs, and the lifespan of females of Macrocherichus glabrata was longer than that of females.

Table 1 The developmental duration and lifespan of adults of Megachenchus glabrata feeding on D.

According to Table 2, it can be seen that all stages of the giant cheetera glabrata feeding on D. glabrata can survive, and the survival rate from the egg stage to the post-nymph stage is greater than 85%. .

Table 2 Survival rate of Megacheacher glabrata feeding on D. glabrata

It can be seen from Table 3 that the female mite of M. glabrata can complete one generation and multiply. The average number of eggs laid is 18.94, the ratio of male to female is 1.6: ₁ , and the hatchability of F1 and F2 generations is greater _than 90%.

Table 3 Oviposition, fecundity, lifespan, sex ratio and hatchability of M. glabrata

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. the method for the smooth huge chela mite of a kind of artificial mass rearing, it is characterised in that：In 18-30 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity 65 - 100%, in the environment of no light, using the method for the smooth huge chela mite of Diptera pest mass rearing in specific raising container；

Specifically include following steps：

1）Raise the preparation of container：Raise the sealed box that container is rectangle or circle；

2）The food species of Diptera pest and preparation：Using underground bulb, root crop as the food of prey, washed with clear water Square fritter that is net and being cut into 2-5cm long, adds the food of 1/3-1/2 volume standby in container in raising；

3）Raise the addition of medium：In order to ensure to raise humidity, the good medium of addition Water-saving effect adds the food of medium and prey The volume ratio of thing is 0: 1-1 :1, use advance horizontal high voltage sterilization treatment；

4）The species of prey：Using Diptera pest as prey, number is 1-10/cm³, add the feeding containing prey food In foster container；

5）The raising of smooth huge chela mite：In 18-30 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity 65-100% in the environment of no light, will be hunted Thing accesses smooth huge chela mite after 7-14 d are bred in raising container, and it is 10 that the dispensing of prey and smooth huge chela mite is compared: 1 – 100 :1, raise and taken food prey swill and added same volume at interval of 14-21 d replacings bottom 1-5cm high Long-pending fresh food, after raising 14-49 d, that is, obtains substantial amounts of smooth huge chela mite.

2. the method for a kind of artificial smooth huge chela mite of mass rearing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The prey Food used for the one or two kinds of in Chinese yam, pachyrhizus, taro, green onion, ginger, garlic is mixed above.

3. the method for a kind of artificial smooth huge chela mite of mass rearing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The prey Species be excrement mosquito, eye fungus gnat, eye fly, prey uses using one or two kinds of is mixed above.

4. the method for a kind of artificial smooth huge chela mite of mass rearing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described Jie Matter is peat soil, cocoanut shell, wood chip or vermiculite.

5. the method for a kind of artificial smooth huge chela mite of mass rearing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The raising Container is the sealed box of rectangle or circle, and material is plastics, metal or glass, and more than height, width is 10 to width - 40cm, is highly 5-20cm, is easy to observation, and the lid on top sealed with gauze or gauze, network interface mesh number is 150- 200 mesh.