CN104788979A - Preparation method of fully-degradable foamed plastic - Google Patents

Preparation method of fully-degradable foamed plastic Download PDF

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CN104788979A
CN104788979A CN201510237554.8A CN201510237554A CN104788979A CN 104788979 A CN104788979 A CN 104788979A CN 201510237554 A CN201510237554 A CN 201510237554A CN 104788979 A CN104788979 A CN 104788979A
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starch
preparation
fully
porous plastics
vegetable fibre
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CN104788979B (en
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王美岭
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Hengqin Hua Shuo Environmental Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a fully-degradable foamed plastic. The fully-degradable foamed plastic is prepared from the following raw materials: vegetable fibers, starch, polyvinyl alcohol, nano silica, a vegetable fiber surface modifier, a starch composite plasticizer and water. The preparation method comprises the steps of adding the vegetable fibers into the vegetable fiber surface modifier to carry out modification treatment; adding water into the starch, heating to paste the starch, and then, adding the starch composite plasticizer to carry out plasticizing treatment; and sufficiently and uniformly stirring the surface modified vegetable fibers, the plasticized starch, polyvinyl alcohol and nano silica to obtain homogeneous slurry, and further carrying out steam foaming and hot press molding to obtain the fully-degradable foamed plastic with the density of smaller than or equal to 20.0Kg/m<3>, the tensile strength of larger than or equal to 1.0MPa and the elasticity modulus of larger than or equal to 300MPa. Meanwhile, the fully-degradable foamed plastic is prepared by using a steam foaming and hot pressing molding method, so that pollution caused by a chemical foaming agent is removed. The fully-degradable foamed plastic prepared by using the preparation method reaches up to the standard of polystyrene foam plastics and can be fully degraded.

Description

A kind of preparation method of degradable porous plastics
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of degradable porous plastics, belongs to technical field of biochemical industry.
Background technology
Along with petroleum polymer industrial expansion, its environmental pollution caused causes the concern of people to petroleum polymer waste disposal issues.In the market, volume little by the foam plastic density of oil production large, be not easy to concentrate and transport, and stable chemical nature own, there is the features such as ageing-resistant, anticorrosive, therefore produce the foam plastic waste of a large amount of difficult degradations.Meanwhile, the threat of growing foam plastic waste to the ecosystem is increasing, causes serious " white pollution ", and many countries have all made laws and forbidden the foam article of production difficult degradation in the world.The outlet of domestic commodity is subject to the puzzlement of " Green Trade Barrier ".In these " Green Trade Barriers ", the wrapping material due to China defective and by refuse other country outdoors account for a sizable part.Therefore develop and apply the inexorable trend that " the environmental protection cushioning material " with good environment consistency has become 2l century.
Vegetable fibre and starch are the photosynthetic final products of green plants, are the abundantest biosynthetic renewable resourcess, have wide in variety, the feature such as low price, fully bio-degradable.Therefore, the degradable porous plastics developing vegetable fibre and starch base is the focus of our times various countries research and development.Although there has been the report of the degradable porous plastics of vegetable fibre and starch base at present, the foam plastic density obtained is high, tensile strength is low, rebound resilience is poor, also uses chemical foaming agent to pollute simultaneously; Therefore research and develop that a kind of performance is good and easily the vegetable fibre of degraded and the degradable porous plastics of starch base are the current problems needing to solve.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of preparation method of degradable porous plastics is provided, the application that the method is mainly innovated has no plant fibre surface properties-correcting agent and the starch composite plasticizer of bibliographical information, make that foam plastic density reduces, tensile strength increases and improve with rebound resilience, apply water vapour foaming simultaneously, eliminate the pollution of chemical foaming agent.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of preparation method of degradable porous plastics, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight parts: vegetable fibre 50-60 part, starch 20-30 part, polyvinyl alcohol 5-10 part, nano silicon 10-20 part, plant fibre surface properties-correcting agent 1-5 part, starch composite plasticizer 5-10 part, water 60-100 part; Vegetable fibre is added plant fibre surface properties-correcting agent and carry out modification; Starch is added water and adds starch composite plasticizer again after Heat Gelatinization and carry out plastics processing; Starch, polyvinyl alcohol and nano silicon after the vegetable fibre of surface modification, plasticizing are stirred, obtained homogeneous phase somaplasm material, further water vapour foaming, hot-formingly obtain degradable porous plastics.
Described vegetable fibre is wood pulp cellulose or stalk fibre.
Described plant fibre surface properties-correcting agent is trimethyl silicane based isocyanate.
Described starch composite plasticizer is made up of amine hydroxybenzene (another name oleylamide, cis 9-octadecenamide) and 2-hydroxyethyl urea (another name: (2-hydroxyethyl) urea, hydroxyethyl urea), the two weight ratio is 1:0.9-1.1, is preferably 1:1.
Raw materials usedly above be commercial goods.
Preparation method of the present invention specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) vegetable fibre was crushed to 60 mesh sieves, and added plant fibre surface properties-correcting agent, strong stirring mixes, and carries out fiber surface modification process 0.5-1.5 hour, obtains the vegetable fibre of surface modification;
(2) starch is mixed with water, gelatinization 20-60 minute at temperature 80 ± 10 DEG C, then while stirring, add composite plasticizer and plastics processing 0.5-1.5 hour is carried out to starch, obtain plasticized starch;
(3) starch after the vegetable fibre of surface modification, plasticizing is put into stirrer, after stirring, add polyvinyl alcohol and nano silicon stirs, obtained homogeneous phase somaplasm material;
(4) the homogeneous phase somaplasm material be stirred is put into mould and carry out water vapour foaming, setting patrix temperature 190 ± 10 DEG C, counterdie temperature 210 ± 10 DEG C, pressure 5-8MPa, pressurize shaping 30-60 second after matched moulds, pressure release heat preservation and dryness, the demoulding, takes out goods, obtains degradable porous plastics finished product.
Preferably, described step (4) is specially: the homogeneous phase somaplasm material be stirred is put into mould and carries out water vapour foaming, setting patrix temperature 190 DEG C, counterdie temperature 210 DEG C, pressure 6MPa, shaping 50 seconds of pressurize after matched moulds, pressure release heat preservation and dryness 120 seconds, the demoulding, takes out goods, obtains degradable porous plastics finished product.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: degradable porous plastics prepared by the present invention, its density≤20.0Kg/m 3(reaching the requirement of polystyrene foamed plastics), its tensile strength>=1.0MPa, its Young's modulus>=300MPa.The present invention simultaneously adopts the foaming of application water vapour, hot-press molding method is prepared from, and eliminates the pollution of chemical foaming agent.Degradable porous plastics prepared by the present invention reaches the standard of polystyrene foamed plastics, and complete biodegradable.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
(1) 50 kilograms of wood pulp celluloses are crushed to 60 orders, add 1 kilogram of trimethyl silicane based isocyanate, strong stirring mixes, and carries out fiber surface modification process 1 hour, obtains the vegetable fibre of surface modification;
(2) 20 kg of starch are mixed with 60 kg of water, then the temperature 80 DEG C adjusting constant temperature water bath carries out gelatinization 30 minutes to it, then while stirring, add composite plasticizer amine hydroxybenzene and each 2.5 kilograms of the dihydroxy ethyl urea of configuration, plastics processing is carried out 1 hour to starch, shallow lake must be plastified;
(3) starch after the vegetable fibre of surface modification obtained above, plasticizing is put into stirrer, stirs after 10 minutes, add 5 kilograms of polyvinyl alcohol and 10 kilograms of nano silicons fully stir 30 minutes, obtain homogeneous phase somaplasm material;
(4) put into mould after being weighed by the homogeneous phase somaplasm material be stirred and carry out water vapour foaming, setting patrix temperature 190 DEG C, counterdie temperature 210 DEG C, pressure 6MPa, shaping 50 seconds of pressurize after matched moulds, pressure release heat preservation and dryness 120 seconds, the demoulding, takes out goods, obtains degradable porous plastics finished product.The performance index of products obtained therefrom are in table 1.
Embodiment 2:
(1) 60 kilograms of corn stalk fibers are crushed to 60 orders, add 5 kilograms of trimethyl silicane based isocyanates, strong stirring mixes, and carries out fiber surface modification process 70 minutes, obtains the vegetable fibre of surface modification;
(2) 30 kg of starch are mixed with 100 kg of water, then the temperature 80 DEG C adjusting constant temperature water bath carries out gelatinization 40 minutes to it, then while stirring, add composite plasticizer amine hydroxybenzene and each 5 kilograms of the dihydroxy ethyl urea of configuration, plastics processing is carried out 1 hour to starch, obtains plasticized starch;
(3) starch after the vegetable fibre of surface modification obtained above, plasticizing is put into stirrer, stirs after 10 minutes, add 10 kilograms of polyvinyl alcohol and 20 kilograms of nano silicons fully stir 40 minutes, obtain homogeneous phase somaplasm material;
(4) put into mould after being weighed by the homogeneous phase somaplasm material be stirred and carry out water vapour foaming, setting patrix temperature 190 DEG C, counterdie temperature 210 DEG C, pressure 6MPa, shaping 50 seconds of pressurize after matched moulds, pressure release heat preservation and dryness 120 seconds, the demoulding, takes out goods, obtains degradable porous plastics finished product.The performance index of products obtained therefrom are in table 1.
Embodiment 3:
(1) 55 kilograms of bagasse fibres are crushed to 60 orders, add 2 kilograms of trimethyl silicane based isocyanates, strong stirring mixes, and carries out fiber surface modification process 50 minutes, obtains the vegetable fibre of surface modification;
(2) 25 kg of starch are mixed with 80 kg of water, then the temperature 80 DEG C adjusting constant temperature water bath carries out gelatinization 35 minutes to it, then while stirring, add composite plasticizer amine hydroxybenzene and each 4 kilograms of the dihydroxy ethyl urea of configuration, plastics processing is carried out 50 minutes to starch, obtains plasticized starch;
(3) starch after the vegetable fibre of surface modification obtained above, plasticizing is put into stirrer, stirs after 10 minutes, add 7 kilograms of polyvinyl alcohol and 15 kilograms of nano silicons fully stir 35 minutes, obtain homogeneous phase somaplasm material;
(4) put into mould after being weighed by the homogeneous phase somaplasm material be stirred and carry out water vapour foaming, setting patrix temperature 190 DEG C, counterdie temperature 210 DEG C, pressure 6MPa, shaping 50 seconds of pressurize after matched moulds, pressure release heat preservation and dryness 120 seconds, the demoulding, takes out goods, obtains degradable porous plastics finished product.The performance index of products obtained therefrom are in table 1.
Embodiment 4:
(1) 58 kilograms of straw fiber powders are broken to 60 orders, add 3 kilograms of trimethyl silicane based isocyanates, strong stirring mixes, and carries out fiber surface modification process 1 hour, obtains the vegetable fibre of surface modification;
(2) 28 kg of starch are mixed with 90 kg of water, then the temperature 80 DEG C adjusting constant temperature water bath carries out gelatinization 30 minutes to it, then while stirring, add composite plasticizer amine hydroxybenzene and each 3 kilograms of the dihydroxy ethyl urea of configuration, plastics processing is carried out 1 hour to starch, obtains plasticized starch;
(3) starch after the vegetable fibre of surface modification obtained above, plasticizing is put into stirrer, stirs after 10 minutes, add 8 kilograms of polyvinyl alcohol and 17 kilograms of nano silicons fully stir 30 minutes, obtain homogeneous phase somaplasm material;
(4) put into mould after being weighed by the homogeneous phase somaplasm material be stirred and carry out water vapour foaming, setting patrix temperature 190 DEG C, counterdie temperature 210 DEG C, pressure 6MPa, shaping 50 seconds of pressurize after matched moulds, pressure release heat preservation and dryness 120 seconds, the demoulding, takes out goods, obtains degradable porous plastics finished product.The performance index of products obtained therefrom are in table 1.
Embodiment 5:
(1) 56 kilograms of rice-straw fibres are crushed to 60 orders, add 3 kilograms of trimethyl silicane based isocyanates, strong stirring mixes, and carries out fiber surface modification process 1 hour, obtains the vegetable fibre of surface modification;
(2) 27 kg of starch are mixed with 80 kg of water, then the temperature 80 DEG C adjusting constant temperature water bath carries out gelatinization 30 minutes to it, then while stirring, add composite plasticizer amine hydroxybenzene and each 4 kilograms of the dihydroxy ethyl urea of configuration, plastics processing is carried out 1 hour to starch, obtains plasticized starch;
(3) starch after the vegetable fibre of surface modification obtained above, plasticizing is put into stirrer, stirs after 10 minutes, add 6 kilograms of polyvinyl alcohol and 12 kilograms of nano silicons fully stir 30 minutes, obtain homogeneous phase somaplasm material;
(4) put into mould after being weighed by the homogeneous phase somaplasm material be stirred and carry out water vapour foaming, setting patrix temperature 190 DEG C, counterdie temperature 210 DEG C, pressure 6MPa, shaping 50 seconds of pressurize after matched moulds, pressure release heat preservation and dryness 120 seconds, the demoulding, takes out goods, obtains degradable porous plastics finished product.The performance index of products obtained therefrom are in table 1.
Embodiment 6:
(1) 57 kilograms of cotton stalk fibers are crushed to 60 orders, add 2 kilograms of trimethyl silicane based isocyanates, strong stirring mixes, and carries out fiber surface modification process 1 hour, obtains the vegetable fibre of surface modification;
(2) 28 kg of starch are mixed with 85 kg of water, then the temperature 80 DEG C adjusting constant temperature water bath carries out gelatinization 30 minutes to it, then while stirring, add composite plasticizer amine hydroxybenzene and each 3.5 kilograms of the dihydroxy ethyl urea of configuration, plastics processing is carried out 1 hour to starch, obtains plasticized starch;
(3) starch after the vegetable fibre of surface modification obtained above, plasticizing is put into stirrer, stirs after 10 minutes, add 7 kilograms of polyvinyl alcohol and 16 kilograms of nano silicons fully stir 30 minutes, obtain homogeneous phase somaplasm material;
(4) put into mould after being weighed by the homogeneous phase somaplasm material be stirred and carry out water vapour foaming, setting patrix temperature 190 DEG C, counterdie temperature 210 DEG C, pressure 6MPa, shaping 50 seconds of pressurize after matched moulds, pressure release heat preservation and dryness 120 seconds, the demoulding, takes out goods, obtains degradable porous plastics finished product.The performance index of products obtained therefrom are in table 1.
The performance index of table 1 embodiment 1-6 product
Density (Kg/m 3) Tensile strength (MPa) Young's modulus (MPa)
Embodiment 1 19.5 1.3 500
Embodiment 2 18.0 1.1 350
Embodiment 3 17.0 1.2 320
Embodiment 4 18.0 1.3 360
Embodiment 5 16.0 1.1 310
Embodiment 6 19.0 1.4 400
Embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments, and on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art does not need to pay various amendment or distortion that creative work can make still within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. the preparation method of a degradable porous plastics, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight parts: vegetable fibre 50-60 part, starch 20-30 part, polyvinyl alcohol 5-10 part, nano silicon 10-20 part, plant fibre surface properties-correcting agent 1-5 part, starch composite plasticizer 5-10 part, water 60-100 part; Vegetable fibre is added plant fibre surface properties-correcting agent and carry out modification; Starch is added water and adds starch composite plasticizer again after Heat Gelatinization and carry out plastics processing; Starch, polyvinyl alcohol and nano silicon after the vegetable fibre of surface modification, plasticizing are stirred, obtained homogeneous phase somaplasm material, further water vapour foaming, hot-formingly obtain degradable porous plastics; Described plant fibre surface properties-correcting agent is trimethyl silicane based isocyanate; Described starch composite plasticizer is made up of amine hydroxybenzene and 2-hydroxyethyl urea, and the two weight ratio is 1:0.9-1.1.
2. the preparation method of a kind of degradable porous plastics as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described vegetable fibre is wood pulp cellulose or stalk fibre.
3. the preparation method of a kind of degradable porous plastics as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the mass ratio of described amine hydroxybenzene and 2-hydroxyethyl urea is 1:1.
4., as the preparation method of a kind of degradable porous plastics in claim 1-3 as described in any one, it is characterized in that, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) vegetable fibre was crushed to 60 mesh sieves, and added plant fibre surface properties-correcting agent, strong stirring mixes, and carries out fiber surface modification process 0.5-1.5 hour, obtains the vegetable fibre of surface modification;
(2) starch is mixed with water, gelatinization 20-60 minute at temperature 80 ± 10 DEG C, then while stirring, add composite plasticizer and plastics processing 0.5-1.5 hour is carried out to starch, obtain the starch after plasticizing;
(3) starch after the vegetable fibre of surface modification, plasticizing is put into stirrer, after stirring, add polyvinyl alcohol and nano silicon stirs, obtained homogeneous phase somaplasm material;
(4) the homogeneous phase somaplasm material be stirred is put into mould and carry out water vapour foaming, setting patrix temperature 190 ± 10 DEG C, counterdie temperature 210 ± 10 DEG C, pressure 5-8MPa, pressurize shaping 30-60 second after matched moulds, pressure release heat preservation and dryness, the demoulding, takes out goods, obtains degradable porous plastics finished product.
5. the preparation method of a kind of degradable porous plastics as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described step (4) is specially: the homogeneous phase somaplasm material be stirred is put into mould and carries out water vapour foaming, setting patrix temperature 190 DEG C, counterdie temperature 210 DEG C, pressure 6MPa, shaping 50 seconds of pressurize after matched moulds, pressure release heat preservation and dryness 120 seconds, the demoulding, take out goods, obtain degradable porous plastics finished product.
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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN105713409A (en) * 2016-05-05 2016-06-29 王美岭 Full-degradable cellulose foam material and preparation method thereof
CN106280514A (en) * 2016-08-08 2017-01-04 江苏省农业科学院 A kind of preparation method of plant fiber-based foaming thermoplastic masterbatch
CN107083005A (en) * 2017-05-11 2017-08-22 山东师范大学 A kind of starch base foamed plastic masterbatch and its foaming method
CN107353425A (en) * 2017-08-14 2017-11-17 于翔 A kind of preparation method of full straw foamed material
CN109135311A (en) * 2017-06-13 2019-01-04 上海交通大学 Starch/polyethylene alcohol composite foam material composition and preparation method thereof
CN110819132A (en) * 2019-11-22 2020-02-21 湖南工业大学 Plant fiber-based composite material and preparation method and application thereof
CN110883068A (en) * 2019-12-16 2020-03-17 湖州合达图宏新材料技术有限公司 Plasticizing method of solid waste
CN112708171A (en) * 2020-12-19 2021-04-27 界首市成铭塑业有限公司 Preparation method of bio-based particles for injection molding and plastic uptake products
WO2022073126A1 (en) * 2020-10-08 2022-04-14 Plantee Bioplastics Inc. Forest residue based rigid foam products and processes of manufacture
CN116041922A (en) * 2022-12-14 2023-05-02 安徽正欣生物科技有限公司 Alumina fiber reinforced polylactic acid composite material and polylactic acid yarn prepared from same

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CN110746656A (en) * 2019-11-11 2020-02-04 湖南工业大学 Plant fiber reinforced plasticized starch foaming composite material and preparation method thereof

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105713409A (en) * 2016-05-05 2016-06-29 王美岭 Full-degradable cellulose foam material and preparation method thereof
CN106280514A (en) * 2016-08-08 2017-01-04 江苏省农业科学院 A kind of preparation method of plant fiber-based foaming thermoplastic masterbatch
CN106280514B (en) * 2016-08-08 2018-12-04 江苏省农业科学院 A kind of preparation method of plant fiber-based foaming thermoplastic masterbatch
CN107083005A (en) * 2017-05-11 2017-08-22 山东师范大学 A kind of starch base foamed plastic masterbatch and its foaming method
CN109135311A (en) * 2017-06-13 2019-01-04 上海交通大学 Starch/polyethylene alcohol composite foam material composition and preparation method thereof
CN107353425A (en) * 2017-08-14 2017-11-17 于翔 A kind of preparation method of full straw foamed material
CN110819132A (en) * 2019-11-22 2020-02-21 湖南工业大学 Plant fiber-based composite material and preparation method and application thereof
CN110883068A (en) * 2019-12-16 2020-03-17 湖州合达图宏新材料技术有限公司 Plasticizing method of solid waste
WO2022073126A1 (en) * 2020-10-08 2022-04-14 Plantee Bioplastics Inc. Forest residue based rigid foam products and processes of manufacture
CN112708171A (en) * 2020-12-19 2021-04-27 界首市成铭塑业有限公司 Preparation method of bio-based particles for injection molding and plastic uptake products
CN116041922A (en) * 2022-12-14 2023-05-02 安徽正欣生物科技有限公司 Alumina fiber reinforced polylactic acid composite material and polylactic acid yarn prepared from same

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