CN104786863A - Three-voltage power supply system for automobile and control method thereof - Google Patents
Three-voltage power supply system for automobile and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104786863A CN104786863A CN201510187766.XA CN201510187766A CN104786863A CN 104786863 A CN104786863 A CN 104786863A CN 201510187766 A CN201510187766 A CN 201510187766A CN 104786863 A CN104786863 A CN 104786863A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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Abstract
The invention relates to a power supply for an automobile, in particular to a three-voltage power supply system for the automobile and a control method thereof. The system comprises a 12 V power supply unit, a 48 V power supply unit, a 300 V power supply unit, a DC/DC convertor Z1 and a DC/DC convertor Z2; the low-voltage end of the DC/DC convertor Z1 is in electric connection with a 12 V power supply of the 12 V power supply unit, and the high-voltage end of the DC/DC convertor Z1 is in electric connection with a 48 V power supply of the 48 V power supply unit; the low-voltage end of the DC/DC convertor Z2 is in electric connection with the 48 V power supply, and the high-voltage end of the DC/DC convertor Z2 is in electric connection with a 300 V power supply of the 300 V power supply unit; the three-voltage power supply system control method comprises the steps of power supply step-by-step preheating at a low temperature and power supply charging and discharging control based on SOC. By means of the three-voltage power supply system for the automobile and the control method thereof, the problems that the current in a low-voltage power supply circuit inside the automobile is overlarge, the specific fuel consumption is too high due to the fact that engine matching is too large and discharging of vehicle-mounted lithium ion batteries are difficult in a cold area are solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of power supply on automobile, specifically a kind of automobile three voltage power system and control method thereof.
Background technology
The development of current automobile faces four problems: first is the severe situation due to energy consumption and environment, and new-energy automobile becomes the important directions of future transportation development; Second is that lithium-ions battery low-temperature characteristics is poor, is not suitable for electric discharge at low temperatures; 3rd be vehicle when carrying out Engine Matching in order to meet dynamic property requirement, selected by engine swept volume often bigger than normal, cause driving engine usually not work in territory, efficacious workaround, now gas consumption rate is higher; 4th is that automobile electric gasification degree constantly raises, and corresponding is with it that the electrical power requirements of electric annex in car constantly rises, and easily causes the electric current in low voltage circuit excessive.In car, low-voltage electrical apparatus gross horsepower is risen to more than 5 kilowatts in automobile in future by the electric power of orthodox car less than 2 kilowatts.This 12V low-pressure system for current car will be exerted heavy pressures on, and when such as needing the power of 2 kilowatts, the electric current flowing through 12V power supply reaches 166A; And if during the power of needs 5 kilowatts, the electric current flowing through 12V power supply will reach 416A.In general, after electric current is more than 150A, the energy loss on wire harness will be very large, and now system is very high to the requirement of wire, causes wire harness cost to rise rapidly.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problems referred to above and provide a kind of automobile three voltage power system and control method thereof, to overcome in Automobile that electric current in low-voltage power supply circuit is excessive, driving engine because matching problem causes the too high and vehicle-mounted lithium-ions battery of cold district of fuel consumption rate to be difficult to the problem of discharging, contribute to the development of new-energy automobile.
Technical solution of the present invention is described as follows in conjunction with Figure of description:
A kind of automobile three voltage power system, this system comprises 12V power subsystem unit, 48V power subsystem unit, 300V power subsystem unit, DC/DC conv Z1, DC/DC conv Z2; Wherein said DC/DC conv Z1 low tension terminal is connected with the 12V power electric in 12V power subsystem unit, high-pressure side is connected with the 48V power electric in 48V power subsystem unit; Described DC/DC conv Z2 low tension terminal is connected with 48V power electric, high-pressure side is connected with the 300V power electric in 300V power subsystem unit; Described 12V power supply, 48V power supply, 300V power supply, between DC/DC conv Z1, DC/DC conv Z2 and master controller by CAN be connected.
Described 12V power subsystem unit comprises 12V power supply, load F1, inessential load F2, normally closed switch S 4, switch S open in usual 7, resistor wire R1, Hall-type current sensor C1; Described 48V power subsystem unit comprises 48V power supply, load F3, switch S open in usual 5, switch S open in usual 8, resistor wire R2, Hall-type current sensor C2; Described 300V power subsystem unit comprises 300V power supply, load F4, switch S open in usual 6, Hall-type current sensor C3, electrical generator G5; Wherein said DC/DC conv Z1 low tension terminal is connected with 12V power electric, high-pressure side is connected with 48V power electric; Described DC/DC conv Z2 low tension terminal is connected with 48V power supply, high-pressure side is connected with 300V power supply;
Described 12V positive source is electrically connected low tension terminal positive pole, the switch S open in usual 7 of load F1, inessential load F2, DC/DC conv Z1 respectively; Hall-type current sensor C1 is enclosed within the external total wire harness of 12V positive source, 12V power cathode is electrically connected the load F1 other end, normally closed switch S 4, the low tension terminal negative pole of DC/DC conv Z1, one end of resistor wire R1 respectively, wherein inessential load F2 is connected with normally closed switch S 4, and switch S 7 open in usual is connected with resistor wire R1;
Described 48V positive source is electrically connected switch S 5 one end open in usual, and the other end of switch S 5 open in usual is electrically connected low tension terminal positive pole, the switch S open in usual 8 of the high-pressure side positive pole of DC/DC conv Z1, load F3, DC/DC conv Z2 respectively; Hall-type current sensor C2 is enclosed within the external total wire harness of 48V positive source; 48V power cathode is electrically connected the high-pressure side negative pole of DC/DC conv Z1, the load F3 other end, the low tension terminal negative pole of DC/DC conv Z2, one end of resistor wire R2 respectively; Wherein switch S 8 open in usual is connected with resistor wire R2;
Described 300V positive source is electrically connected switch S 6 open in usual, and switch S 6 other end open in usual is electrically connected high-pressure side positive pole, load F4, the electrical generator G5 of DC/DC conv Z2 respectively; Hall-type current sensor C3 is enclosed within the external total wire harness of 300V positive source; 300V power cathode is electrically connected the high-pressure side negative pole of DC/DC conv Z2, the other end of load F4 and electrical generator G5 respectively.
A kind of automobile control method of three voltage power system.Step comprises:
Step one,
After the key of chaufeur rotation vehicle connects low tension to system, now vehicle prepares to start, first system detects the temperature of power supply, if detect that the temperature of 48V power supply or 300V power supply is lower than the temperature threshold allowing corona discharge, master controller can control 12V power supply to the preheating of 48V power supply, 48V power supply is to the preheating of 300V power supply, until temperature reaches the temperature threshold allowing electric discharge; If 48V power supply and 300V power source temperature are all lower than threshold value, the heating sequence of two power supplys is: 12V power supply first gives the heating of 48V power supply, until after the temperature threshold of 48V power source temperature higher than lithium-ions battery permission electric discharge, 48V power supply heats to 300V power supply by electric discharge again;
Step 2,
When power source temperature all reaches after more than threshold temperature, control system calculates the state-of-charge (SOC) of three power supplys, master controller controls three voltage power system according to the SOC of power supply and carries out charging and discharging operation, and this process can escort vehicle traveling be carried out;
Step 3,
In driving process, control system calculates the demand power of vehicle, and when in travelling, the efficacious workaround of driving engine is not mated with the demand power of vehicle, control system will coordinate the associated working pattern determining three power supplys and driving engine;
Step 4,
Repeat step one to step 3, stop rear until vehicle arrives destination.
In above-mentioned steps one, 12V power supply comprises to the concrete steps of 48V power supply preheating:
1), control system constantly gathers the temperature of 48V power supply, when 48V power source temperature is lower than threshold value, switch S 5 open in usual disconnects, switch S 7 open in usual closes, 12V power supply is powered to resistor wire R1, resistor wire R1 produces the temperature that heat improves 48V power supply, and namely 12V power supply carries out preheating to 48V power supply;
2), when 48V power source temperature reaches more than threshold temperature, switch S open in usual 5 on 48V power supply external circuits closes, now 48V power supply just has the ability of supplying power for outside, and then power to load F3 or for the preheating of 300V power supply, now switch S 7 open in usual disconnects, and 12V power supply stops to the preheating of 48V power supply;
In above-mentioned steps one, 48V power supply comprises to the concrete steps of 300V power supply preheating:
1), control system constantly gathers the temperature of 300V power supply, when 300V power source temperature is lower than threshold value, switch S 6 open in usual disconnects, switch S 8 open in usual closes, 48V power supply is powered to resistor wire R2, resistor wire R2 produces the temperature that heat improves 300V power supply, and namely 48V power supply carries out preheating to 300V power supply;
2), when 300V power source temperature reaches more than threshold temperature, switch S open in usual 6 on 300V power supply external circuits closes, and now 300V power supply just has the ability of supplying power for outside, and then powers to load F4, now switch S 8 open in usual disconnects, and 48V power supply stops to the preheating of 300V power supply.
When the SOC of 12V power supply is lower than threshold value, open DC/DC conv Z1 and charge, energy flows to 12V power supply from 48V power supply, and when the SOC of 12V power supply reaches 90%, DC/DC conv Z1 quits work; When the SOC of 48V power supply is lower than threshold value, open DC/DC conv Z2 and charge, energy flows to 48V power supply from 300V power supply, and when the SOC of 48V power supply reaches 90%, DC/DC conv Z2 quits work; When the SOC of 300V power supply is lower than threshold value, open electrical generator G5 and charge, energy flows to 300V power supply from electrical generator G5, and when the SOC of 300V power supply reaches 90%, electrical generator G5 quits work; In this process, DC/DC conv Z1, DC/DC conv Z2 controls to open and close by the SOC value of low tension terminal power supply.
During car brakeing, the kinetic energy of Some vehicles can be converted into electric energy, and 300V power supply can receive and store the regenerating braking energy of vehicle; In this course, if the SOC of 300V power supply reaches more than 95% because reclaiming braking energy, DC/DC conv Z2 will open, and then give 48V power source charges, energy flows to 48V power supply from 300V power supply, and when the SOC of 300V power supply drops to below 95%, DC/DC conv Z2 closes; If the SOC of 48V power supply reaches 95%, DC/DC conv, Z1 can open, and then gives 12V power source charges, and energy flows to 12V power supply from 48V power supply, and when the SOC of 48V power supply drops to below 95%, DC/DC conv Z1 closes; In this process, DC/DC conv Z1, DC/DC conv Z2 controls to open and close by the SOC value of high-pressure side power supply.
When the SOC of 12V power supply reaches 98%, DC/DC conv Z1 quits work; When the SOC of 48V power supply reaches 98%, DC/DC conv Z2 quits work; When the SOC of 300V power supply reaches 98%, battery no longer receives regenerating braking energy; In this process, DC/DC conv Z1, DC/DC conv Z2 controls to open and close by the SOC value of low tension terminal power supply, and the Brake energy recovery circuit of 300V power supply controls by its SOC, after the SOC of 300V power supply is more than 98%, only allow 300V corona discharge, do not allow charging.
When the SOC of 12V power supply is in more than high threshold, think that the electricity of 12V power supply is in sufficient state, normally can carry out discharge operation; When the SOC of 12V power supply is between Low threshold and high threshold, 12V power supply is in light power shortage state, and control system starts DC/DC conv Z1 and carries out the operation of 48V power supply to 12V power source charges; When the SOC of 12V power supply is in below Low threshold, 12V power supply is in serious power shortage state, limit the horsepower output of power supply, disconnects normally closed switch S 4, isolates inessential load F2, guarantee the electricity supply of necessary load;
When the SOC of 48V power supply is positioned at more than high threshold, thinks that 48V power supply is in the sufficient state of electricity, normally can carry out discharge operation; When the SOC of 48V power supply is between low valve valve and high threshold values, 48V power supply is in light power shortage state, and control system starts DC/DC conv Z2 and carries out 300V power supply to the operation of 48V power source charges; When the SOC of 48V power supply is in below low valve valve, 48V power supply is in serious power shortage state, will carry out the Power Limitation of fractional load;
When the SOC of 300V power supply is in more than high threshold values, thinks that 300V power supply is in the sufficient state of electricity, normally can carry out discharge operation, and can not generate electricity by starter-generator G5; When the SOC of 300V power supply is between low valve valve and high threshold values, 300V power supply is in light power shortage state, will carry out generating operation come to high-tension battery group electric energy supplement by control driving engine; When 300V high tension supply SOC is in below Low threshold, the restriction of bearing power will be carried out.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention three power supply and the design of DC/DC control method, pass through step heating, realize the protection to lithium-ions battery under cold environment, prevent lithium-ions battery low temperature discharge and then affect service life of battery, 12V lead-acid battery is that 48V lithium-ions battery heats, and 48V lithium-ions battery is the heating of 300V high-tension battery group; Consider 12V lead-acid battery cryogenic discharging characteristic well but the feature of finite capacity, by multiple step format method of heating, realize the raising of integral energy utilization ratio.
2, the present invention is by the voltage class of upgrading part low pressure components, namely increases a 48V power supply, shares the power supply pressure of former 12V power supply, reduces the current value in low-voltage power supply system, realizes the conservative control of low-voltage power supply system.For in hybrid vehicle, driving engine, power-transfer clutch, change speed gear box, transmission shaft, main reduction gear and half-bridge etc. are the power systems of traditional driving automotive wheel, and are equipped with the maximum power that one group of high-tension battery and drive motor drive the power system of automotive wheel can reach to increase vehicle as the second cover herein.A kind of vehicle power configuration comprising three voltage power system can be realized like this, there is high voltage power battery, 48V battery and 12V A-battery three power supplys, can reduce engine specifications in entire vehicle design process, namely reduce discharge capacity, realize the object of saving fuel oil; By the SOC controlled reset of the high and low pressure side power supply of DC/DC conv, realize both having ensured that power supply had sufficient electric energy, power supply overcharge can be prevented again, extending battery life.
3, the present invention is by the Power Limitation of three power supplys based on SOC, and restriction bearing power or isolation load, be conducive to each power supply energy and supplemented fast, extend the service life of power supply simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of the present invention three voltage power system;
Fig. 2-a is DC/DC conv schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2-b is the principle schematic of the present invention's switch open in usual;
Fig. 2-c is the principle schematic of normally closed switch of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the connection diagram of the present invention three voltage power system, and wherein dotted line represents signal wire (SW), and solid line represents energy flow;
Fig. 4 is the present invention three voltage power system control method diagram of circuit;
Fig. 5-a is the control flow chart of 48V power supply of the present invention based on temperature;
Fig. 5-b is the control flow chart of 300V power supply of the present invention based on temperature;
Fig. 6-a is the charge and discharge control diagram of circuit of 12V power supply of the present invention;
Fig. 6-b is the charge and discharge control diagram of circuit of 48V power supply of the present invention;
Fig. 6-c is the charge and discharge control diagram of circuit of 300V power supply of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is that 300V power supply of the present invention gets involved the control method driven.
Detailed description of the invention
Consult Fig. 1, Fig. 3, a kind of automobile three voltage power system, this system comprises 12V power subsystem unit, 48V power subsystem unit, 300V power subsystem unit, DC/DC conv Z1, DC/DC conv Z2; Wherein said DC/DC conv Z1 low tension terminal is connected with the 12V power electric in 12V power subsystem unit, high-pressure side is connected with the 48V power electric in 48V power subsystem unit; Described DC/DC conv Z2 low tension terminal is connected with 48V power electric, high-pressure side is connected with the 300V power electric in 300V power subsystem unit; Described 12V power supply, 48V power supply, 300V power supply, signal between DC/DC conv Z1, DC/DC conv Z2 and master controller are by data line alternately, carry out with CAN network signalling methods.Master controller and entire car controller, receive the input of various signal, resolves chaufeur and travel intention, is responsible for controlling onboard power systems.Sensor on master controller and car, electromagnetic relay form control system.12V power supply, 48V power supply and 300V power supply three kinds of power supplys exist simultaneously, form three voltage power system by two voltage-dropping type DC/DC convs.
Described 12V power subsystem unit comprises 12V power supply, load F1, inessential load F2, normally closed switch S 4, switch S open in usual 7, resistor wire R1, Hall-type current sensor C1;
Wherein 12V power supply is lead-acid storage battery, and capacity is 60AH, is responsible for traditional electric accessories, comprises light, entertainment sound equipment, current-limiting circuit for wind-mill generator and the resistor wire R1 to the heating of 48V power supply; For the load that can not affect traffic safety, such as entertainment sound equipment, is called inessential load, represents with load F2.To inessential load F2 power-off, can not the power safety of shadow vehicle, and the loss of 12V electric quantity of power supply can be reduced.For other electric annexes by 12V Power supply, be referred to as necessary load, represent with F1.
12V positive source connects low tension terminal positive pole, the switch S open in usual 7 of load F1, inessential load F2, DC/DC conv Z1 respectively; 12V power cathode connects the low tension terminal negative pole of the load F1 other end, normally closed switch S 4, DC/DC conv Z1 respectively, one end of resistor wire R1; Wherein inessential load F2 is connected with normally closed switch S 4, and switch S 7 open in usual is connected with resistor wire R1; Connection mode is all electrical connections.Hall-type current sensor C1 is enclosed within the external total wire harness of 12V positive source, is not connect in circuit.
Described 48V power subsystem unit comprises 48V power supply, load F3, switch S open in usual 5, switch S open in usual 8, resistor wire R2, Hall-type current sensor C2;
Wherein 48V power supply is lithium-ions battery, and capacity is 20AH, be responsible for vehicle active chassis system, electric air-conditioning air compressor and power to the parts such as resistor wire R2 of 300V power supply heating.Wherein, these are represented with load F3 by the parts of 48V Power supply.
Described 48V positive source connects switch S 5 one end open in usual, and switch S 5 other end open in usual connects the high-pressure side positive pole of DC/DC conv Z1, load F3 one end, the low tension terminal positive pole of DC/DC conv Z2, switch S open in usual 8 respectively; 48V power cathode connects high-pressure side negative pole, the load F3 other end of DC/DC conv Z1 respectively, the low tension terminal negative pole of DC/DC conv Z2, one end of resistor wire R2, and wherein switch S 8 open in usual is connected with resistor wire R2 electricity.Connection mode is all electrical connections.Hall-type current sensor C2 is enclosed within the external total wire harness of 48V positive source, is not connect in circuit.
Described 300V power subsystem unit comprises 300V power supply, load F4, switch S open in usual 6, Hall-type current sensor C3, electrical generator G5;
Wherein 300V power supply is high pressure lithium-ions battery, and capacity is 35AH, is responsible for powering to drive motor, and braking energy when reclaiming vehicle brake.Wherein drive motor load F4 represents.
300V positive source connects switch S 6 one end open in usual, switch S 6 other end open in usual connects high-pressure side positive pole, load F4, the electrical generator G5 of DC/DC conv Z2 respectively, 300V power cathode connects the high-pressure side negative pole of DC/DC conv Z2, the other end of load F4 and electrical generator G5 respectively, and connection mode is all electrical connections.Hall-type current sensor C3 is enclosed within the external total wire harness of 300V positive source, is not connect in circuit.
The model that Hall-type current sensor C1, C2, C3 adopt is Honeywell CSLA2EL, and the instantaneous current that entangled wire harness flows through can be measured and be sent in master controller by it.For the switch in loop, be all series connection in circuit.
Consult the schematic diagram that Fig. 2-a is DC/DC conv Z1 and DC/DC conv Z2, what wherein two ends connected is low voltage circuit and high voltage circuit respectively, the circuit at two ends is all direct current circuits, DC/DC conv Z1 and DC/DC conv Z2 is responsible for direct current (DC) to be transformed into another voltage class from a voltage class exactly, can detect and transmit the real-time voltage value of just pressure side.DC/DC conv Z1 and Z2 used in the present invention is all voltage-dropping type DC/DC convs, namely the DC conversion of high voltage is become the direct current (DC) of low voltage, the model that DC/DC conv Z1 selects is the model that MDK500-48S24, DC/DC conv Z2 selects is MDM600-300S48.
Consult the principle schematic that Fig. 2-b is switch open in usual, the switch S open in usual 5 used in the present invention, S6, S7 and S8 are all realized by electromagnetic relay open in usual, g, m port of relay connects low-voltage control circuit, 1,2 ports connect actual controlled circuit, to realize between g, m port low-voltage control circuit for the control of high voltage circuit between 1,2 ports.When g, m port no power, relay is in initial condition, and the circuit namely between 1,2 ports is in off-state; When g, m port is energized, the circuit between relay 1,2 port is in on-state.The low-voltage control circuit that g, m port connects is vehicle-mounted 5V voltage signal, is sent by master controller.
Consult the principle schematic that Fig. 2-c is normally closed switch, the normally closed switch S 4 used in the present invention is realized by normally closed electromagnetic relay, g, m port of relay connects low-voltage control circuit, 1,2 ports connect actual controlled circuit, to realize between g, m port low-voltage control circuit for the control of high voltage circuit between 1,2 ports.When g, m port no power, relay is in initial condition, and the circuit namely between 1,2 ports is in on-state; When g, m port is energized, the circuit between relay 1,2 port is in off-state.The low-voltage control circuit that g, m port connects is vehicle-mounted 5V voltage signal, is sent by master controller.
Consult the signal transmission schematic diagram that Fig. 3 is three power-supply systems, 12V power supply, 48V power supply, 300V power supply, DC/DC conv Z1, DC/DC conv Z2 is connected with CAN with master controller, and the connectivity port of employing is all the RS232 interface of 9 cores, i.e. the DB9 interface of standard.The information that CAN is transmitted has: the control word information of the temperature of three power supplys, electric current, information of voltage, DC/DC conv Z1, DC/DC conv Z2, i.e. dutycycle.Wherein dotted line represents signal wire (SW), employing be CAN transmission of signal; Solid line represents energy flow circuit, and connection mode is electrical connection.
Consult Fig. 4, a kind of automobile control method of three voltage power system, its step comprises:
Step one, the key rotating vehicle when chaufeur are connected after low tension to system, and now vehicle prepares to start, and first system detects the temperature of power supply, allows 12V power supply low temperature discharge herein, therefore only needs the temperature detecting 48V power supply and 300V power supply, if temperature is lower, out of reach allows the temperature threshold of corona discharge, power supply will enter the temperature control loop joint of substep preheating, by 12V power supply to the preheating of 48V power supply, after 48V power source temperature rises to threshold temperature, 12V power supply stops to the preheating of 48V power supply, now 48V power supply just has discharge capability, power to the load F3 being connected to 48V power supply, if detect that the temperature of 300V power supply is lower than threshold value simultaneously, 48V power supply can give the preheating of 300V power supply, after 300V power source temperature rises to threshold temperature, 48V power supply stops to the preheating of 300V power supply, now 300V power supply just has discharge capability, if 48V power supply and 300V power source temperature are all lower than threshold value, the heating sequence of two power supplys is: 12V power supply first gives the heating of 48V power supply, until 48V power source temperature is suitable for the temperature threshold discharged higher than lithium-ions battery after, 48V power supply gives the heating of 300V power supply again by electric discharge,
Step 2, when power source temperature all reaches after more than threshold temperature, control system calculates the SOC of three power supplys, and master controller controls three voltage power system according to the SOC of power supply and carries out charging and discharging operation, and this process can travel and carry out by escort vehicle;
In step 3, driving process, control system calculates the demand power of vehicle, and when in travelling, the efficacious workaround of driving engine is not mated with the demand power of vehicle, control system will coordinate the associated working pattern determining three power supplys and driving engine;
Step 4, repetition step one, to step 3, are stopped rear until vehicle arrives destination.
In above-mentioned steps one, 12V power supply comprises to the concrete steps of 48V power supply preheating:
1), control system constantly gathers the temperature of 48V power supply, when 48V power source temperature is lower than threshold value, switch S 5 open in usual disconnects, switch S 7 open in usual closes, 12V power supply is powered to resistor wire R1, resistor wire R1 produces the temperature that heat improves 48V power supply, and namely 12V power supply carries out preheating to 48V power supply;
2), when 48V power source temperature reaches more than threshold temperature, switch S open in usual 5 on 48V power supply external circuits closes, now 48V power supply just has the ability of supplying power for outside, and then power to load F3 or for the preheating of 300V power supply, now switch S 7 open in usual disconnects, and 12V power supply stops to the preheating of 48V power supply;
In above-mentioned steps one, 48V power supply comprises to the concrete steps of 300V power supply preheating:
1), control system constantly gathers the temperature of 300V power supply, when 300V power source temperature is lower than threshold value, switch S 6 open in usual disconnects, switch S 8 open in usual closes, 48V power supply is powered to resistor wire R2, resistor wire R2 produces the temperature that heat improves 300V power supply, and namely 48V power supply carries out preheating to 300V power supply;
2), when 300V power source temperature reaches more than threshold temperature, switch S open in usual 6 on 300V power supply external circuits closes, and now 300V power supply just has the ability of supplying power for outside, and then powers to load F4, now switch S 8 open in usual disconnects, and 48V power supply stops to the preheating of 300V power supply.
Consult Fig. 5-a and 5-b be in three power-supply systems 48V power supply and 300V power supply based on the control flow chart of temperature.Control about heating and temperature, adopt the method for substep preheating to carry out.Make full use of lead-acid battery low-temperature characteristics good, but energy density is little, lithium-ions battery low-temperature characteristics is poor, but the feature that energy density is high.After the working environment of lithium-ions battery is preheating to suitable temperature, carries out discharge operation again, the discharge efficiency of power supply can be improved, and then the overall energy utilization efficiency improving automobile.About the temperature threshold that lithium-ions battery is suitable, specifically determined by the material of lithium-ions battery.In the selection of resistor wire, resistor wire R1 selects heating power to be the resistor wire of 1kW, and resistor wire R2 selects heating power to be the resistor wire of 3kW, and the power of resistor wire should not select too high, prevents the inner local overheating of power brick.Be set to 5 degrees Celsius for temperature threshold in temperature control flow figure in Fig. 5 a-5b of the present invention to be described:
Consulting Fig. 5-a is the control flow chart of 48V power supply based on temperature, and control system gathers the temperature of 48V power supply constantly, and when 48V power source temperature is lower than threshold value, switch S 5 open in usual remains open, and switch S 7 open in usual closes, and 12V power supply carries out preheating to 48V power supply.12V power supply is powered to resistor wire R1, and resistor wire R1 produces the temperature that heat improves 48V power supply.When 48V power source temperature reaches more than threshold temperature, switch S open in usual in Fig. 1 on 48V power supply external circuits 5 closes, and now 48V power supply just has the ability of supplying power for outside, and then powers to load F3 or be the preheating of 300V power supply.Now switch S 7 open in usual disconnects, and 12V power supply stops to the preheating of 48V power supply.
Consulting Fig. 5-b is the control flow chart of 300V power supply based on temperature, control system gathers the temperature of 300V power supply constantly, and when 300V power source temperature is lower than threshold value, switch S 6 open in usual remains open, switch S 8 open in usual closes, and 48V power supply carries out preheating to 300V power supply.48V power supply is powered to resistor wire R2, and resistor wire R2 produces the temperature that heat improves 300V power supply.When 300V power source temperature reaches more than threshold temperature, the switch S open in usual 6 in Fig. 1 on 300V power supply external circuits closes, and now 300V power supply just has the ability of supplying power for outside, and then powers to load F4.Now switch S 8 open in usual disconnects, and 48V power supply stops to the preheating of 300V power supply.Utilize the feature of each power supply, by multiple step format warm-up control, realize the efficiency utilization of energy.
Temperature threshold in the present invention in warm-up control, has been set to 5 degrees Celsius, but is not limited to listed actual temp value, specifically can adjust according to actual conditions.
Charge control method in the present invention comprises three parts:
(1), when the SOC of 12V power supply is lower than threshold value, open DC/DC conv Z1 and charge, energy flows to 12V power supply from 48V power supply, and when the SOC of 12V power supply reaches 90%, DC/DC conv Z1 quits work; When the SOC of 48V power supply is lower than threshold value, open DC/DC conv Z2 and charge, energy flows to 48V power supply from 300V power supply, and when the SOC of 48V power supply reaches 90%, DC/DC conv Z2 quits work; When the SOC of 300V power supply is lower than threshold value, open electrical generator G5 and charge, energy flows to 300V power supply from electrical generator G5, and when the SOC of 300V power supply reaches 90%, electrical generator G5 quits work; In this process, DC/DC conv Z1, DC/DC conv Z2 controls to open and close by the SOC value of low tension terminal power supply.
(2), car brakeing time, the kinetic energy of Some vehicles can be converted into electric energy, and 300V power supply can receive and store the regenerating braking energy of vehicle; If in this course, the SOC of 300V power supply reaches more than 95% because reclaiming braking energy, and DC/DC conv Z2 will open, and then give 48V power source charges, energy flows to 48V power supply from 300V power supply, and when the SOC of 300V power supply drops to below 95%, DC/DC conv Z2 closes; If the SOC of 48V power supply reaches 95%, DC/DC conv, Z1 will open, and then gives 12V power source charges, and energy flows to 12V power supply from 48V power supply, and when the SOC of 48V power supply drops to below 95%, DC/DC conv Z1 closes; In this process, DC/DC conv Z1, DC/DC conv Z2 controls to open and close by the SOC value of high-pressure side power supply.
(3), when the SOC of 12V power supply reaches 98%, DC/DC conv Z1 quits work; When the SOC of 48V power supply reaches 98%, DC/DC conv Z2 quits work; When the SOC of 300V power supply reaches 98%, battery no longer receives regenerating braking energy; In this process, DC/DC conv Z1, DC/DC conv Z2 controls to open and close by the SOC value of low tension terminal power supply, and the Brake energy recovery circuit of 300V power supply controls by its SOC, after the SOC of 300V power supply is more than 98%, only allow 300V corona discharge, do not allow charging.
What three kinds of above-mentioned charging method priority were the highest is (3), priority is minimum is (1).Be specially: if there is 12V power supply because constantly charged, its SOC by lower than 40%, when rising to 90%, now according to 1) in control method, DC/DC conv Z1 quits work; If simultaneously now the SOC of 48V power supply because the energy receiving 300V power supply makes the SOC of 48V power supply more than 95%, now according to 2) mode, DC/DC conv Z1 should open work; For the phenomenon of the open and close condition met in distinct methods appears in reply DC/DC conv Z1 simultaneously, in control method define 2) priority higher than 1) priority, when namely there is above-mentioned situation simultaneously, the control method that execution priority is high, DC/DC conv Z1 starts work herein.Then, 12V power supply, because continue the electricity input receiving 48V power supply, causes the SOC of 12V power supply constantly to raise, and when the SOC of 12V power supply rises to 98%, meets 3) in the condition of closedown DC/DC conv Z1; Define 3 herein) priority higher than 2) priority, DC/DC conv Z1 quits work, and avoids occurring that DC/DC conv Z1 mono-direct-open causes 12V power supply excessively by charging phenomenon, prevents potential safety hazard.In like manner, for the control of DC/DC conv Z2, consistent with the control of DC/DC conv Z1.If there is 48V power supply because constantly charged, its SOC by lower than 40%, when rising to 90%, now according to 1) in control method, DC/DC conv Z2 quits work; If simultaneously now the SOC of 300V power supply more than 95%, now according to 2) in mode, DC/DC conv Z2 should open work; For the phenomenon of the open and close condition met in distinct methods appears in reply DC/DC conv Z2 simultaneously, in control method define 2) priority higher than 1) priority, when namely there is above-mentioned situation simultaneously, the control method that execution priority is high, DC/DC conv Z2 starts work herein.Then, 48V power supply, because continue the electricity input receiving 300V power supply, causes the SOC of 48V power supply constantly to raise, and when the SOC of 48V power supply rises to 98%, meets 3) in the condition of closedown DC/DC conv Z2; Define 3 herein) priority higher than 2) priority, DC/DC conv Z1 quits work, and avoids occurring that DC/DC conv Z2 mono-direct-open causes 48V power supply excessively by charging phenomenon, prevents potential safety hazard.When multiple control operation satisfies condition simultaneously, perform the operation that these priority satisfied condition are the highest.Be in order to priority protection battery like this, prevent the SOC of power supply still to charge afterwards more than 98% and cause potential safety hazard, on the basis ensureing safety, reclaim braking energy as much as possible, improve capacity usage ratio.Although the third situation seldom occurs, this set can improve power safety.SOC threshold value in the present invention in charge control method, has been set to 40%, but is not limited to listed concrete SOC threshold value, specifically can adjust according to actual conditions.
Discharge control method in the present invention comprises three parts:
(1) when the SOC of 12V power supply is in more than high threshold, 12V electric quantity of power supply is in sufficient state, and 12V power supply can carry out normal discharge operation; When the SOC of 12V power supply is between Low threshold and high threshold, 12V power supply is in light power shortage state, and control system starts DC/DC conv Z1 and carries out the operation of 48V power supply to 12V power source charges, now 12V power supply still external supply regular power; When the SOC of 12V power supply is in below Low threshold, 12V power supply is in serious power shortage state, limit the horsepower output of power supply, undertaken by the mode of isolating inessential load F2, disconnect normally closed switch S 4, cut off the power supply to inessential load F2, guarantee the electricity supply of power supply to necessary load;
(2) when the SOC of 48V power supply is positioned at more than high threshold, 48V power supply is in the sufficient state of electricity, and 48V power supply can carry out normal discharge operation; When the SOC of 48V power supply is between Low threshold and high threshold, 48V power supply is in light power shortage state, and control system starts DC/DC conv Z2 and carries out 300V power supply to the operation of 48V power source charges, now 12V power supply still external supply regular power; When the SOC of 48V power supply is in below Low threshold, 48V power supply is in serious power shortage state, will carry out the Power Limitation of fractional load;
(3) when the SOC of 300V power supply is in more than high threshold, 300V power supply is in the sufficient state of electricity, and 300V power supply can carry out normal discharge operation, and can not generate electricity by starter-generator G5; When the SOC of 300V power supply is between Low threshold and high threshold, 300V power supply is in light power shortage state, will carry out generating operation come to high-tension battery group electric energy supplement by control driving engine; When 300V high tension supply SOC is in below Low threshold, the restriction of bearing power will be carried out.
The high threshold of SOC and Low threshold in discharge control method in the present invention, be set to 40% and 30% respectively, but be not limited to listed concrete SOC threshold value, specifically can adjust according to actual conditions.
Due at low ambient temperatures, lithium-ions battery is difficult to external electric discharge.Although and the low-temperature characteristics of lead-acid battery is better, the energy density of lead-acid battery is little, and the electric energy of storage is few.Therefore, when cold district vehicle start, for the feature that the low-temperature characteristics of lead-acid battery is better than lithium-ions battery, lead-acid battery is allowed to discharge at low temperatures, namely 12V power supply powers to load F1 and inessential load F2, and uses 12V lead-acid battery for lithium-ions battery preheating.
Therefore, after the some temperature thresholds of the property settings of 48V power supply, when 48V power source temperature is lower than this temperature threshold, switch S 7 open in usual closes, switch S 5 open in usual remains open, now 12V power supply is powered to the resistor wire R1 of heating built-in in 48V power supply, resistor wire R1 produces heat and raises making the temperature of 48V power supply, when temperature reaches certain threshold value, switch S 5 open in usual closes, now 48V power supply is provided with the condition of supplying power for outside, power to load F3, switch S 7 open in usual disconnects simultaneously, stop powering to resistor wire R1, to save energy.48V power supply is when discharging because the reason of internal resistance can produce heat, and this part heat is enough to the temperature of maintenance 48V power supply higher than temperature threshold.After this 48V power supply just can regular discharge.In like manner, for 300V power supply, after the some temperature thresholds of the property settings of 300V power supply, when 300V power source temperature is lower than this temperature threshold, switch S 8 open in usual closes, switch S 6 open in usual remains open, now 48V power supply is powered to the resistor wire R2 of heating built-in in 300V power supply, the temperature of 300V power supply improves by the heat that resistor wire R2 produces, when temperature reaches certain threshold value, switch S 6 open in usual closes, now 300V power supply is provided with the condition of supplying power for outside, power to load F4, switch S 8 open in usual disconnects simultaneously, stop powering to resistor wire R2, to save energy.300V power supply is when discharging because the reason of internal resistance can produce heat, and this part heat is enough to the temperature of maintenance 300V power supply higher than temperature threshold.After this 300V power supply just can regular discharge.Adopt above-mentioned multiple step format pre-heating mean, namely 12V power supply is to the preheating of 48V power supply, 48V power supply is to the preheating of 300V power supply, although be because 12V power supply can low temperature discharge, but the energy density of lead-acid battery is little, the energy stored is less, therefore can only give the 48V power supply preheating of capacity, small volume, but cannot give the 300V power supply preheating that capacity, volume are larger.And 48V power supply is lithium-ions battery, energy density is large, and the energy of storage is many, can give the preheating of 300V power supply, but prerequisite is 48V power supply will be operated in suitable temperature.In power work; when the temperature of lithium-ions battery is again lower than temperature threshold; above-mentioned four switch S 5 open in usual, S6, S7, S8 can repeat aforesaid operations, avoid the generation of the power supply low temperature discharge situation that lithium-ions battery does, and then protection lithium-ions battery.When the SOC of 12V power supply is not enough, normally closed switch S 4 can disconnect, and power-supply system isolates non-essential consumer, namely stops powering to inessential load F2, to ensure that necessary consumer is as the need for electricity of load F1, also avoid the rapid decline of the SOC of 12V power supply.When the SOC of 300V power supply is too low, electrical generator G5 can start, and then gives 300V Power supply.When carrying out Brake energy recovery, drive motor will be operated in generating state, produces electric energy to 300V power source charges with braking.
When the voltage of three power supplys reaches respective maximum voltage value, SOC thinks 100%, namely now power supply is in full power state, each power supply electrifying, master controller can according to the magnitude of voltage of power supply, according to the power line voltage stored in advance and power supply SOC mapping relations, to power supply SOC assignment when powering on initial, this is the correction algorithm in power supply SOC computation process.After this, master controller calculates the SOC value of power supply according to formula (1).Under full power state, power supply no longer continues charging, prevents from producing potential safety hazard because of overcharge.
The charge and discharge control of three voltage power system is that maximum key is accurate as far as possible for the calculating of SOC based on the SOC of power supply as according to carrying out jointly controlling of three power supplys.SOC computing formula (1) for three power supplys is:
Wherein, SOC
2the power supply SOC value in a moment after representing, SOC
1represent the power supply SOC value of previous moment, t1 and t2 is two moment, and wherein the t2 moment is later than the t1 moment, and therefore t2-t1 is the time gap in two moment, and in order to calculate accurately, the time gap got in integral algorithm should be little as far as possible.I represents the electric current flowing through positive source, is recorded by Hall-type current sensor C1, C2, C3, and when power supply is in charge condition, I is positive number; When power supply is in discharge regime, I is negative.C
fullrepresent the electricity of power supply stored by the full electricity moment, this value battery production out time just determine.
Consult Fig. 6-a, 6-b, 6-c is based on the control method of SOC to power supply in the present invention three voltage power system, the SOC threshold value of three power supplys related in control method, can determine according to the actual requirements, in the present invention SOC threshold value is herein set to 40% and 30% respectively.
Consult the charge and discharge control diagram of circuit that Fig. 6-a is 12V power supply of the present invention, the electric annex that the load F1 be connected with this power supply is mainly traditional, comprise the electric heating system etc. of Lighting System, entertainment systems, spark-plug ignition system and 48V power supply.When SOC is in more than 40%, think that now electric quantity of power supply is sufficient, power supply normally can carry out discharge operation.But when power supply SOC is in 30%-40%, think that now power supply is in light power shortage state, now start DC/DC conv Z1 and 12V power supply charge with the invariable power of 1kW, but now 12V power supply still external supply regular power; When SOC lower than 30% time, DC/DC conv Z1 continues to keep charging with 1kW invariable power to 12V power supply, think that now power supply is in serious power shortage state simultaneously, limit the horsepower output of power supply, undertaken by the mode of isolating inessential load, only retain the normal electricity consumption of necessary load, this process is realized by the normally closed switch S 4 in fragmentary 1.
Consult the charge and discharge control diagram of circuit that Fig. 6-b is 48V power supply of the present invention, the load F3 be connected with this power supply is active chassis system, the air compressor etc. of electric air-conditioning.When SOC is positioned at more than 40%, think that power supply is electricity abundance, now power supply normally can carry out discharge operation, when SOC is in 30%-40%, think that now power supply is in light power shortage state, now starting DC/DC conv Z2 is that 48V power supply charge with the invariable power of 3kW, but now 48V power supply still external supply regular power; When SOC lower than 30% time, DC/DC conv Z2 continues to keep charging with 3kW invariable power to 48V power supply, think that now power supply is in serious power shortage state simultaneously, carry out the Power Limitation of fractional load, such as control a/c system and can only be operated in low-grade location, the electric power of restriction air-conditioning, but the powered operation of the necessary parts such as chassis ACTIVE CONTROL can not be affected, to guarantee to meet the rigid demand of vehicle.By the setting of 48V system, not only can ensure the need for electricity that in Automobile, low voltage equipment constantly increases, and change the driving of air-conditioning compressor the drive of into 48V power supply by the driven by engine in orthodox car.Because air-conditioning is only just used in colder or hotter environment, and must consider the situation that air-conditioning is opened when mating driving engine in traditional vehicle, if just there is certain power dissipation when therefore vehicle travels under preference temperature.By allowing 48V power drives a/c system, when carrying out Engine Matching Design, just not needing to consider air conditioner load, the target power of driving engine can be reduced, select the driving engine compared with small displacement, reach the object reducing fuel oil consumption.
Consult the charge and discharge control diagram of circuit that Fig. 6-c is 300V power supply of the present invention, the load F4 be connected with this power supply is exactly drive motor.When SOC is positioned at more than 40%, think that electric quantity of power supply is sufficient, now power supply normally can carry out discharge operation, and electrical generator G5 can not start.This can reduce the gross horsepower of the external load of driving engine conventional operational, just can select the driving engine that discharge capacity is less during coupling, reaches the object reducing oil consumption.When SOC is in 30%-40%, thinking that now power supply is in light power shortage state, will come to high-tension battery group electric energy supplement by controlling driven by engine electrical generator G5 generating.Driving engine engages with electrical generator G5, and drive electrical generators G5 rotates generating to 300V power source charges, but now 300V power supply still external supply regular power.When SOC lower than 30% time, now think that power supply is in serious power shortage state, now driving engine still continues drive electrical generators to 300V power source charges, will carry out the Power Limitation of load simultaneously, such as control drive motor and can only be operated in low power state, reduce the maximum power allowing machine operation.
After three power supplys start charging, when the SOC of power supply rises to 40%, process of charging can't stop at once, but until power supply SOC just can stop after reaching 90%, avoid charging operations frequent starting, be specially: for 12V power supply, after its SOC reaches 90%, process of charging just can stop, and namely DC/DC conv Z1 quits work.For 48V power supply, after its SOC reaches 90%, process of charging just can stop, and namely DC/DC conv Z2 quits work.For 300V power supply, after its SOC reaches 90%, process of charging just can stop, and namely electrical generator G5 quits work.In this process, DC/DC conv controls to open and close by the SOC value of low tension terminal power supply, and object can store sufficient energy after guarantee three power source charges complete for use.
Consulting Fig. 7 is that 300V power supply of the present invention gets involved the control method diagram of circuit driven.
Vehicle is when low power state travels, and 300V power supply does not just need intervention work.Therefore, this three power type structures can reach the effect reducing engine specifications, and the driving engine of automobile only needs to be operated in highly efficient power district, and when driving engine is at this operated within range, fuel consumption rate is low.Vehicle is in operational process, and control system constantly calculates the demand power of vehicle, and contrasts between the efficacious workaround of the driving engine of demand power and vehicle configuration.
The computing formula of the demand power related in the present invention is (2):
Wherein, P
requirerepresent demand power; P
maxrepresent the maximum power that power system can provide, the maximum power value that can reach after numerically equaling driving engine and drive motor power coupling; D
fullrepresent the range that Das Gaspedal can reach, the extreme depth that namely can step down; D
pedalrepresent the actual degree of depth be operated of Das Gaspedal.
When detect between the efficacious workaround that the demand power of car load is greater than driving engine upper in limited time, namely when demand power exceedes the power threshold 1 of setting, 300V power supply just drives drive motor work, jointly drives vehicle with driving engine, and 300V power supply can realize effectively supplementing engine power.By configuration 300V power supply, the quick incision of motor when vehicle superpower travels can be realized, increase the peak power that vehicle can reach.And when car load demand power is between threshold value 1 and threshold value 2, only travelled by motor-powered vehicle, now drive motor neither provides power to driving system, also can not be dragged by driving engine and generate electricity.If when the demand power of vehicle is less than the power threshold 2 of setting, namely the power of driving engine has residue, and now driving engine not only drives vehicle to travel, and also can drag drive motor generating, allows drive motor be operated in generating state and produces electric energy, to 300V power source charges.Wherein threshold value 1 is greater than threshold value 2, and two threshold values represent power upper limit value and the lower limit in engine high-efficiency region respectively.Every a driving engine has between the efficacious workaround of self, in this interval, and engine mildness, and also fuel consumption rate is lower, and the power upper limit value that engine high-efficiency region is concrete and lower limit are determined by the whole performance map of driving engine.Therefore when carrying out Engine Matching, do not need Match to obtain very large, only need to consider that territory, efficacious workaround covers the average demand power of vehicle just, such driving engine as much as possible is operated in low oil consumption power region, reduces oil consumption.
Claims (6)
1. automobile three voltage power system, is characterized in that, this system comprises 12V power subsystem unit, 48V power subsystem unit, 300V power subsystem unit, DC/DC conv Z1, DC/DC conv Z2; Wherein said DC/DC conv Z1 low tension terminal is connected with the 12V power electric in 12V power subsystem unit, high-pressure side is connected with the 48V power electric in 48V power subsystem unit; Described DC/DC conv Z2 low tension terminal is connected with 48V power electric, high-pressure side is connected with the 300V power electric in 300V power subsystem unit; Described 12V power supply, 48V power supply, 300V power supply, between DC/DC conv Z1, DC/DC conv Z2 and master controller by CAN be connected.
2. a kind of automobile three voltage power system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described 12V power subsystem unit comprises 12V power supply, load F1, inessential load F2, normally closed switch S 4, switch S open in usual 7, resistor wire R1, Hall-type current sensor C1; Described 48V power subsystem unit comprises 48V power supply, load F3, switch S open in usual 5, switch S open in usual 8, resistor wire R2, Hall-type current sensor C2; Described 300V power subsystem unit comprises 300V power supply, load F4, switch S open in usual 6, Hall-type current sensor C3, electrical generator G5; Wherein said DC/DC conv Z1 low tension terminal is connected with 12V power electric, high-pressure side is connected with 48V power electric; Described DC/DC conv Z2 low tension terminal is connected with 48V power supply, high-pressure side is connected with 300V power supply;
Described 12V positive source is electrically connected low tension terminal positive pole, the switch S open in usual 7 of load F1, inessential load F2, DC/DC conv Z1 respectively; Hall-type current sensor C1 is enclosed within the external total wire harness of 12V positive source, 12V power cathode is electrically connected the load F1 other end, normally closed switch S 4, the low tension terminal negative pole of DC/DC conv Z1, one end of resistor wire R1 respectively, wherein inessential load F2 is connected with normally closed switch S 4, and switch S 7 open in usual is connected with resistor wire R1;
Described 48V positive source is electrically connected switch S 5 one end open in usual, and the other end of switch S 5 open in usual is electrically connected low tension terminal positive pole, the switch S open in usual 8 of the high-pressure side positive pole of DC/DC conv Z1, load F3, DC/DC conv Z2 respectively; Hall-type current sensor C2 is enclosed within the external total wire harness of 48V positive source; 48V power cathode is electrically connected the high-pressure side negative pole of DC/DC conv Z1, the load F3 other end, the low tension terminal negative pole of DC/DC conv Z2, one end of resistor wire R2 respectively; Wherein switch S 8 open in usual is connected with resistor wire R2;
Described 300V positive source is electrically connected switch S 6 open in usual, and switch S 6 other end open in usual is electrically connected high-pressure side positive pole, load F4, the electrical generator G5 of DC/DC conv Z2 respectively; Hall-type current sensor C3 is enclosed within the external total wire harness of 300V positive source; 300V power cathode is electrically connected the high-pressure side negative pole of DC/DC conv Z2, the other end of load F4 and electrical generator G5 respectively.
3. an automobile control method for three voltage power system, it is characterized in that, step comprises:
Step one,
After the key of chaufeur rotation vehicle connects low tension to system, now vehicle prepares to start, first system detects the temperature of power supply, if detect that the temperature of 48V power supply or 300V power supply is lower than the temperature threshold allowing corona discharge, master controller can control 12V power supply to the preheating of 48V power supply, 48V power supply is to the preheating of 300V power supply, until temperature reaches the temperature threshold allowing electric discharge; If 48V power supply and 300V power source temperature are all lower than threshold value, the heating sequence of two power supplys is: 12V power supply first gives the heating of 48V power supply, until after the temperature threshold of 48V power source temperature higher than lithium-ions battery permission electric discharge, 48V power supply heats to 300V power supply by electric discharge again;
Step 2,
When power source temperature all reaches after more than threshold temperature, control system calculates the SOC of three power supplys, and master controller controls three voltage power system according to the SOC of power supply and carries out charging and discharging operation, and this process can escort vehicle traveling be carried out;
Step 3,
In driving process, control system calculates the demand power of vehicle, and when in travelling, the efficacious workaround of driving engine is not mated with the demand power of vehicle, control system will coordinate the associated working pattern determining three power supplys and driving engine;
Step 4,
Repeat step one to step 3, stop rear until vehicle arrives destination.
4. a kind of automobile control method of three voltage power system according to claim 3, is characterized in that,
In described claim 3 step one, 12V power supply comprises to the concrete steps of 48V power supply preheating:
1), control system constantly gathers the temperature of 48V power supply, when 48V power source temperature is lower than threshold value, switch S 5 open in usual disconnects, switch S 7 open in usual closes, 12V power supply is powered to resistor wire R1, resistor wire R1 produces the temperature that heat improves 48V power supply, and namely 12V power supply carries out preheating to 48V power supply;
2), when 48V power source temperature reaches more than threshold temperature, switch S open in usual 5 on 48V power supply external circuits closes, now 48V power supply just has the ability of supplying power for outside, and then power to load F3 or for the preheating of 300V power supply, now switch S 7 open in usual disconnects, and 12V power supply stops to the preheating of 48V power supply;
In described claim 3 step one, 48V power supply comprises to the concrete steps of 300V power supply preheating:
1), control system constantly gathers the temperature of 300V power supply, when 300V power source temperature is lower than threshold value, switch S 6 open in usual disconnects, switch S 8 open in usual closes, 48V power supply is powered to resistor wire R2, resistor wire R2 produces the temperature that heat improves 300V power supply, and namely 48V power supply carries out preheating to 300V power supply;
2), when 300V power source temperature reaches more than threshold temperature, switch S open in usual 6 on 300V power supply external circuits closes, and now 300V power supply just has the ability of supplying power for outside, and then powers to load F4, now switch S 8 open in usual disconnects, and 48V power supply stops to the preheating of 300V power supply.
5. a kind of automobile control method of three voltage power system according to claim 3, is characterized in that,
In described claim 3 step 2, power source charges controls to comprise:
When the SOC of 12V power supply is lower than threshold value, open DC/DC conv Z1 and charge, energy flows to 12V power supply from 48V power supply, and when the SOC of 12V power supply reaches 90%, DC/DC conv Z1 quits work; When the SOC of 48V power supply is lower than threshold value, open DC/DC conv Z2 and charge, energy flows to 48V power supply from 300V power supply, and when the SOC of 48V power supply reaches 90%, DC/DC conv Z2 quits work; When the SOC of 300V power supply is lower than threshold value, open electrical generator G5 and charge, energy flows to 300V power supply from electrical generator G5, and when the SOC of 300V power supply reaches 90%, electrical generator G5 quits work; In this process, DC/DC conv Z1, DC/DC conv Z2 controls to open and close by the SOC value of low tension terminal power supply;
During car brakeing, the kinetic energy of Some vehicles can be converted into electric energy, and 300V power supply can receive and store the regenerating braking energy of vehicle; In this course, if the SOC of 300V power supply reaches more than 95% because reclaiming braking energy, DC/DC conv Z2 will open, and then give 48V power source charges, energy flows to 48V power supply from 300V power supply, and when the SOC of 300V power supply drops to below 95%, DC/DC conv Z2 closes; If the SOC of 48V power supply reaches 95%, DC/DC conv, Z1 can open, and then gives 12V power source charges, and energy flows to 12V power supply from 48V power supply, and when the SOC of 48V power supply drops to below 95%, DC/DC conv Z1 closes; In this process, DC/DC conv Z1, DC/DC conv Z2 controls to open and close by the SOC value of high-pressure side power supply;
When the SOC of 12V power supply reaches 98%, DC/DC conv Z1 quits work; When the SOC of 48V power supply reaches 98%, DC/DC conv Z2 quits work; When the SOC of 300V power supply reaches 98%, battery no longer receives regenerating braking energy; In this process, DC/DC conv Z1, DC/DC conv Z2 controls to open and close by the SOC value of low tension terminal power supply, and the Brake energy recovery circuit of 300V power supply controls by its SOC, after the SOC of 300V power supply is more than 98%, only allow 300V corona discharge, do not allow charging.
6. a kind of automobile control method of three voltage power system according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in described claim 3 step 2, corona discharge controls to comprise:
When the SOC of 12V power supply is in more than high threshold, think that the electricity of 12V power supply is in sufficient state, normally can carry out discharge operation; When the SOC of 12V power supply is between Low threshold and high threshold, 12V power supply is in light power shortage state, and control system starts DC/DC conv Z1 and carries out the operation of 48V power supply to 12V power source charges; When the SOC of 12V power supply is in below Low threshold, 12V power supply is in serious power shortage state, limit the horsepower output of power supply, disconnects normally closed switch S 4, isolates inessential load F2, guarantee the electricity supply of necessary load;
When the SOC of 48V power supply is positioned at more than high threshold, thinks that 48V power supply is in the sufficient state of electricity, normally can carry out discharge operation; When the SOC of 48V power supply is between low valve valve and high threshold values, 48V power supply is in light power shortage state, and control system starts DC/DC conv Z2 and carries out 300V power supply to the operation of 48V power source charges; When the SOC of 48V power supply is in below low valve valve, 48V power supply is in serious power shortage state, will carry out the Power Limitation of fractional load;
When the SOC of 300V power supply is in more than high threshold values, thinks that 300V power supply is in the sufficient state of electricity, normally can carry out discharge operation, and can not generate electricity by starter-generator G5; When the SOC of 300V power supply is between low valve valve and high threshold values, 300V power supply is in light power shortage state, will carry out generating operation come to high-tension battery group electric energy supplement by control driving engine; When 300V high tension supply SOC is in below Low threshold, the restriction of bearing power will be carried out.
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| CN107994176A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-05-04 | 北京国能电池科技有限公司 | The micro- mixed batteries of 48V-12V and apply its automobile |
| CN111483318A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-08-04 | 宁波吉利汽车研究开发有限公司 | Vehicle power supply system management method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN113844249A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-12-28 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Hybrid power system, hybrid power vehicle, control method of hybrid power vehicle and vehicle control unit |
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| CN107738591A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-02-27 | 邱诗俊 | Batteries of electric automobile pre-heating system |
| CN107994176A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-05-04 | 北京国能电池科技有限公司 | The micro- mixed batteries of 48V-12V and apply its automobile |
| CN114144326A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2022-03-04 | 纬湃科技德国有限责任公司 | Electronic control unit for a vehicle with galvanically isolated supply voltages on a single printed circuit board |
| CN111483318A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-08-04 | 宁波吉利汽车研究开发有限公司 | Vehicle power supply system management method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN111483318B (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2022-05-20 | 武汉路特斯汽车有限公司 | Vehicle power supply system management method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN113844249A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-12-28 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Hybrid power system, hybrid power vehicle, control method of hybrid power vehicle and vehicle control unit |
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