CN104781159A

CN104781159A - Palletized load reactant regulation heating

Info

Publication number: CN104781159A
Application number: CN201380060903.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: D.A.穆尔; R.H.霍奇; J.R.德雷克; E.M.怀特
Original assignee: Hewlett Packard Development Co LP
Current assignee: Hewlett Packard Development Co LP
Priority date: 2013-01-21
Filing date: 2013-01-21
Publication date: 2015-07-15
Also published as: EP2945879A4; EP2945879A1; WO2014113035A1; US20150276297A1

Abstract

An apparatus and method heat a palletized load (22, 922) by regulating supply of a reactant (36) to a composition (40) that exothermically releases heat when exposed to the reactant (36).

Description

Pallet loads reactant regulates heating

Technical field

Many products be during transportation vulnerable to due to extreme temperature cause the impact of damage.Existing transportation resources is complicated, consuming time in force and costliness.This existing transportation resources In transit in extreme temperatures possibly reliably cannot protect product.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 schematically shows an exemplary thermally-stabilised transport systems.

Fig. 2 is the diagram of circuit illustrated for during transportation providing a heat-staple illustrative methods.

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of an exemplary heater of the thermally-stabilised transport systems of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of another exemplary heater of the thermally-stabilised transport systems of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of another exemplary heater of the thermally-stabilised transport systems of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of another exemplary heater of the thermally-stabilised transport systems of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 schematically shows another Exemplary thermostable transport systems.

Fig. 8 is the cutaway view of the Exemplary thermostable unit of the heat stabilization system of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is the decomposition diagram of the exemplary embodiment of the thermally-stabilised unit of Fig. 8.

Figure 10 is the partial, exploded perspective view of the thermally-stabilised unit of Fig. 9.

Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of another Exemplary thermostable transport systems.

Figure 12 is the decomposition diagram of another Exemplary thermostable transport systems, is wherein saved by interface for illustrative purposes.

Figure 13 is the transparent view of the thermally-stabilised transport systems of the Figure 12 being additionally provided with insulator arrangement and phase-change material cover.

Figure 14 is the transparent view of the thermally-stabilised transport systems of Figure 13, is wherein fixed around pallet loads (palletized load) by phase-change material cover and installs.

Figure 15 is the enlarged perspective of a part for the thermally-stabilised transport systems that Figure 14 is shown, the figure shows in the phase-change material cover of Figure 14.

Figure 16 is the transparent view of thermally-stabilised transport systems comprising other insulator arrangement, Figure 14.

Figure 17 is the transparent view of the thermally-stabilised transport systems of Figure 16, also show the fixed insulation device around pallet loads.

Figure 18 is the part sectional view of a part for the thermally-stabilised transport systems of Figure 18.

Figure 19 is the schematic diagram of the thermally-stabilised transport systems of Figure 12, wherein eliminates phase-change material cover and insulating barrier.

Figure 20 is the birds-eye view of the pallet loads of the thermally-stabilised transport systems of Figure 19.

Figure 20 be 21-21 along the line intercept, the cutaway view of the thermally-stabilised transport systems of Figure 19.

Figure 22 is the cutaway view of the Exemplary thermostable transportation unit schematically shown before a part for the thermally-stabilised transport systems being embodied as Figure 19.

Figure 23 is the cutaway view of the thermally-stabilised transportation unit of Figure 22 after the part schematically showing the thermally-stabilised transport systems being embodied as Figure 19.

Figure 24 is the birds-eye view of an exemplary embodiment of the thermally-stabilised transportation unit schematically showing Figure 19.

Figure 25 is the transparent view of an example valve unit of the thermally-stabilised transportation unit that Figure 24 is shown.

Figure 26 is the birds-eye view of another exemplary embodiment of the thermally-stabilised transportation unit schematically showing Figure 19.

Figure 27 is the lateral plan of the Example support part of the thermally-stabilised transportation unit that Figure 26 is shown.

Figure 28 is the birds-eye perspective of the strut member that Figure 27 is shown.

Figure 29 is the decomposition diagram of the strut member of Figure 28.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 schematically shows Exemplary thermostable transport systems 20.In transit in extreme temperatures, thermally-stabilised transport systems 20 protects pallet loads.As by hereinafter the description done, thermally-stabilised transport systems 20 is relatively cheap and easily implements.

Thermally-stabilised transport systems 20 is for transport pallet load 22.Pallet loads 22 comprises one or more article, and described one or more article have been loaded on tray, is arranged to rest on tray 30 for transport.In one embodiment, pallet loads 22 can comprise the cubical array of container or case 23, and this container or case hold article to be transported.Article to be transported like this may be vulnerable to the impact damaged when experiencing extreme temperature.Such as, such article can comprise electronics package (such as portable computer, tablet PC, personal digital assistant etc.), described electronics package can have telltale (such as Liquid Crystal Display), if this telltale is exposed to the temperature lower than-30 DEG C for a long time, and may be impaired.During transportation, such as, along the In transit of Trans-Siberian Railroad from China to Europe, pallet loads 22 can meet with the low temperature reaching far below-30 degrees Celsius for a long time or be even low to moderate-40 degrees Celsius.Thermally-stabilised transport systems 20 prevents or reduces the impaired possibility of the article of In transit pallet loads 22 at such low temperatures or degree.

Thermally-stabilised transport systems 20 comprises the temperature booster 34 utilizing reactant 36 to supply.Temperature booster 34 in response to adjacent with pallet loads 22, therein or around it one or more temperature, and provides heat in the selected time to pallet loads 22.When around pallet loads 22 or when the temperature of its inside drops to the temperature being equal to or less than predetermined threshold, temperature booster 34 provides additional heat to pallet loads 22, and described predetermined threshold is the minimum temperature specification based on the article forming pallet loads 22.The minimum temperature specification of article is minimum ambient temperatures of article, may be vulnerable to the impact of the damage risk of unacceptable degree lower than these minimum ambient temperature article.To be in or higher than time of predetermined threshold, temperature booster 34 interrupts or reduces the speed to pallet loads 22 heat supply in temperature.Therefore, the possibility that the temperature booster 34 In transit pallet loads be reduced under extreme cold condition can be impaired.Meanwhile, may not be that favourable time temperature booster 34 preserves pyrotoxin in this additional heat, thus the ability that prolongation temperature booster 34 prevents pallet loads 22 impaired due to cold conditions.

Temperature booster 34 comprises exothermic compositions 40 and regulating control 42.Exothermic compositions 40 comprise when being exposed to reactant (Rc) 36 heat release ground produce or releasing heat to the composite of pallet loads 22.In one embodiment, exothermic compositions 40 comprises material or the composite once being exposed to gas just generation heat.In one embodiment, exothermic compositions 40 comprises once being exposed to the material or composite that oxygen (oxygen in such as air) just discharges or generation is hot.In one embodiment, exothermic compositions 40 comprises iron powder, and this iron powder is oxidized when exposed to oxygen and produces heat.Such as, in one embodiment, exothermic compositions 40 comprises the iron powder mixed with other component, and other component is such as water, active carbon, vermiculite (being conducive to the example of aerated materials that air distributes), wood powder or sawdust (in order to retain moisture) and salt.In one embodiment, composite 40 comprises commercially available composite, such as, with those materials that trade mark UNIHEAT sells.In other embodiments, other exothermic compositions can be used as the composite 40 in temperature booster 34.

Regulating control 42 controls or regulates reactant 36 to the supply of composite 40, and control composition 40 reacts and is consumed to produce opportunity and the speed of heat thus.In one embodiment, regulating control 42 regulates surrounding air to the supply of composite 40.This surrounding air be from the surrounding environment around pallet loads 22 and at the case 23 of load 22 inner and between gap or space in obtain.In other embodiments, regulating control 42 controls or regulates the supply of the reactant 36 from container, room or other closed volume.Such as, replace regulating control 42 that air (oxygen) is provided to composite 40 from the natural surrounding air be present in around load 22 or in the natural space be present in load 22, regulating control 42 can from the container air supply (or purity oxygen) providing the air (or purity oxygen) holding certain volume.In certain embodiments, can pressurize to the air of internal tank, oxygen or other gas, flow to composite 40 more substantial air or other gas (oxygen) to be stored in container and to contribute to air (or other gas).

In one embodiment, regulating control 42 comprises passive type regulating control, reactant is provided to the speed of composite 40 by the restriction of this passive type regulating control, the speed that the speed that composite 40 is consumed and corresponding composite 40 produce heat is slowed down, thus extend composite 40 can time period of releasing heat.Such as, at composite 40 once being exposed in the embodiment just producing heat (when such as comprising iron powder when composite 40) with the reactant of air (oxygen) form, regulating control 42 can comprise charge air killer, and the size of this charge air killer is designed such that maximum rate that air can flow to composite 40 is less than reactant (oxygen) and can be combined the speed that thing 40 consumes.In one embodiment, mode that is stacking or layering can be adopted to carry out arrangement combinations thing 40, make the charge air killer of regulating control 42 that the composite 40 of different layers or heap is consumed and releasing heat in mode stage by stage or successively, thus extend the time length being produced heat by composite 40.In certain embodiments, regulating control 42 can comprise charge air or reactant flow killer, its speed changing to control or regulate composite 40 to be consumed and opportunity.

In one embodiment, regulating control 42 comprises active regulating control, and this active regulator response automatically regulates reactant 36 to the supply of composite 40 in temperature.In one embodiment, regulating control 42 comprises valve system, and this valve system automatically regulates reactant 36 to the supply of composite 40 in response to temperature.In one embodiment, the valve system of regulating control 42 is automatically actuated into open mode from buttoned-up status, and in open mode, reactant 36 is provided to composite 40.In one example, the valve system of regulating control 42 is configured to be actuated into open mode from closed condition at activation temperature, and this activationary temperature has the value being less than or equal to-10 DEG C.

In one embodiment, regulating control 42 is configured to automatically activate between different reactant supply conditions with single one way system based on temperature.Such as, regulating control 42 can be configured to be in closed condition until there is threshold temperature.In response to reaching threshold temperature, regulating control 42 is actuated into open mode from closed condition, thus allows reactant to be provided to composite 40.Once be in open mode, regulating control 42 can not be returned to former closed condition.

In another embodiment, regulating control 42 is configured to automatically activate between differential responses thing supply condition in a bi-directional way.Such as, regulating control 42 can be configured to be in closed condition until there is threshold temperature.In response to reaching threshold temperature, regulating control 42 is actuated into open mode from closed condition, thus reactant is provided to composite 40.Continue reactant to be provided to composite 40 until temperature raises higher than threshold temperature, at this moment, regulating control 42 is returned to closed condition.The actuating of regulating control 42 between open mode and closed condition can occur repeatedly, thus adapts to the repeatedly temperature fluctuation (temperature fluctuation on such as daytime and night) of In transit.

In certain embodiments, regulating control 42 is automatically actuated into reactant 36 and is provided to composite 40 in various degree in response to temperature.Such as, regulating control 42 can in pallet loads 22 or around the first temperature under with the first non-zero rate, reactant 36 is provided to composite 40, and can in pallet loads 22 or around the second colder temperature under with the second larger speed, reactant 36 is provided to composite 40.Regulating control 42 can have valve, and this response valve in colder temperature automatically and be little by little actuated into the state more opened.In certain embodiments, along with temperature raises the valve of regulating control 42 can automatically and be little by little actuated into and more close or open less state on the contrary.

In one embodiment, regulating control 42 can comprise manual actuator (such as the vent etc. of bar, slide bar, manual activation), and this manual actuator contributes to manual movement or the actuating of valve system, to control or to regulate reactant 36 to the supply of composite 40.Such as, in one embodiment, the ventilating mechanism of composite 40 and regulating control 42 can be positioned near the center of load 22, wherein manually movable rod extends to the outside of load 22 from ventilating mechanism, thus allow by the motion ventilating mechanism manual between open mode and closed condition of personnel, to regulate the supply of reactant 36, the consumption of composite 40 and the generation of heat based on temperature conditions.

Fig. 2 illustrates the diagram of circuit for adopting system 20 to make the heat-staple illustrative methods 100 of pallet loads 22.As shown in step 102, exothermic compositions 40 is provided to pallet loads 22.As shown in step 104, as mentioned above, reactant 36(is regulated from surrounding environment or space or from reservoir vessel by regulating control 42) to the supply of composite 40.Temperature around pallet loads 22 or in it drops to the time (described predetermined threshold is based on the minimum temperature specification of the article of formation pallet loads 22) of the temperature be in or lower than predetermined threshold, by regulating reactant 36 to the supply of composite 40, additional heat is provided to pallet loads 22.To be in or higher than time of predetermined threshold in temperature, to interrupt the speed that the supply of heat or reduction or the heat that slows down are provided to pallet loads 22.Therefore, the In transit pallet loads be reduced under extreme cold condition can be impaired possibility.Meanwhile, these additional heat may not favourable in retain or preserve pyrotoxin, thus allow pallet loads protected and from the damage caused due to long cold conditions.Also in confined embodiment, the supply of reactant 36 is also retained in the supply of reactant 36.

Fig. 4 schematically shows temperature booster 134, and this temperature booster 134 is examples for the temperature booster of the temperature booster 34 that can be used as in system 20.Except temperature booster 134 comprises regulating control 142 particularly, temperature booster 134 is similar to temperature booster 34.Regulating control 142 comprises valve system 150 and activates material 152.Valve system 150 comprises the valve between supply (this supply is surrounding environment or space or container) and composite 40 being positioned at reactant 36.Valve system 150 is stopping reactant 36 to be supplied to further closing completely or activating between open mode that blocked state and reactant 36 can flow to composite 40 of composite 40.

Activate material 152 and comprise such material, be connected to valve system 150 described material operable thus make in response to temperature or temperature traverse valve system 150 move in off position and between open mode.In order to object of the present disclosure, term " connection " should represent that two components directly or indirectly connect each other.This connection can be static in itself or be movable in itself.Such connection can be realized by two components or two components forming individual portion by integral with one another and any additional intermediate member or two components be attached to one another and any additional intermediate member.This being connected to can be permanent in essence or can be alternatively removable or dissoluble in itself.Term " operationally connects " should represent that two components and/or material directly or indirectly connect, and makes motion directly or via intermediate member can be delivered to other component from a component.Term " fluid connection " should represent that two or more transmission fluid volume is directly connected each other or is connected to each other by intermediate volume or space, makes fluid can flow into another volume from a volume.

In one embodiment, activate material 152 and shrink in response to the temperature about predetermined value declines, wherein, such contraction causes valve system 150 to move further towards full open position.On the contrary, activate material response and raise in the temperature about predetermined value and expand, wherein, such expansion causes valve system 150 to move further towards buttoned-up status.In one embodiment, activate material 152 and comprise wax material, this wax material expands and shrinks to make valve system 150 move.In other embodiments, activate material 152 and can comprise other material or material.In certain embodiments, activate the while that material 152 can alternatively expanding in response to temperature declines and shrink to make valve 150 move in response to temperature raises.Because regulating control 142 utilizes and activates material 152 and make valve system 150 move, so regulating control 142 can automatically activated valve 150, save motor, compressive reaction thing, battery or will consumed power pass other mechanism that may exhaust in time simultaneously.

Fig. 5 schematically shows temperature booster 234, and this temperature booster 234 is another examples of the temperature booster of the temperature booster 34 that can be used as in system 20.Except temperature booster 234 comprises regulating control 242 particularly, temperature booster 234 is similar to temperature booster 34.Regulating control 242 comprises valve system 250, battery 252, pump 254 and temperature controller 256.Valve system 250 comprises the valve between supply (this supply is surrounding environment or space or container) and composite 40 being positioned at reactant 36.Valve system 250 is stopping being provided to by reactant 36 further closing completely or activating between open mode that blocked state and reactant 36 can flow to composite 40 of composite 40.In the illustrated example, valve system 250 comprises boiler check valve, this boiler check valve be configured to move to open mode in response to predetermined pressure threshold is exceeded and be automatically returned to acquiescence closed condition and predetermined pressure threshold be no longer satisfied.

Battery 252 comprises the power supply for pump 256 and temperature controller 252.In one embodiment, battery 252 is rechargeable.In certain embodiments, when temperature is higher than the running interrupting battery 256 during predetermined threshold, thus the electric power of battery 252 inside is retained.

Pump 254 comprises device reactant 36 being pumped to composite 40 via valve system 250.In one embodiment, pump 254 activates rhythmically in pump period.In the illustrated example, pump 254 comprises pneumatic dredge pump gas or oxygen pump being delivered to composite 40.Because regulating control 242 utilizes pump 254 to help reactant 36 to flow to composite 40, so regulating control 242 is initiatively, not merely depend on the passive gas flowing flowing to composite 40.Therefore, regulating control 242 may provide reactant 36 with higher rate to composite 40, to make under higher rate releasing heat from composite 40 thus more promptly produces response to the sharply decline of temperature.As shown in Figure 5, in one embodiment, pump 254 fluid connect or the pneumatic valve system 250(that is connected on the outgoing side of valve system 250) and composite 40 and between both fluid connect or pneumatic connection, thus aspirate reactant via valve system 250.As indicated by dashed line, in another embodiment, pump 254 can fluid be connected to the input side of valve system 250(valve system 250) and reactant 36 supply and between both fluid connect, thus push reactant is through valve system 250.

Temperature controller 256 comprises the temperature sensor of sensing temperature and treater or signal generating circuit, this treater or signal generating circuit in response to these temperature sensed by Signal transmissions to pump 254 thus optionally actuated pump 254.Temperature controller 256 in response to around pallet loads 22 or the temperature that senses of inside drop to and to be in or lower than the temperature of predetermined threshold, and by Signal transmissions to pump 254 to increase reactant 36 supply to composite 40, described predetermined threshold is based on the minimum temperature specification of article forming pallet loads 22.Temperature controller 256 be also configured to temperature place or higher than time of predetermined threshold by Signal transmissions to pump 254 to slow down or to stop reactant 36 to the supply of composite 40.Therefore, the In transit pallet loads reduced under extreme cold condition can be impaired possibility.Meanwhile, this additional heat may not favourable in retain or preserve pyrotoxin, thus allow pallet loads to avoid the damage that is subject to because long cold conditions causes.

In one embodiment, temperature controller 256 is actuated pump 254 between following two states: open mode, and wherein, pump 254 activates rhythmically thus reactant 36 is periodically provided to composite 40 via valve 250; And closed condition, wherein, pump 254 does not operate thus allows valve 252 to be returned to the acquiescence closed condition of interrupting the valve 252 reactant 36 being supplied to composite 40.In another embodiment, the temperature that senses according to the temperature sensor by temperature controller 256 of temperature controller 256 and generate and transmit and different control signal to pump 254, pump 254 is actuated to different rate of pumpings or speed.Such as, in response to the temperature lower than the first predetermined threshold, temperature controller 256 can transmit signal pump 254 being actuated to the first rate of pumping or speed.In response to the second temperature lower than the second colder predetermined threshold, temperature controller 256 can transmit signal pump 254 being actuated to the second larger rate of pumping or speed.In response to the temperature lower than three temperature colder than the second temperature, temperature controller 256 can transmit signal pump 254 being actuated to the 3rd other pump rate being greater than the first and second pump rates.Therefore, in response to the sharply decline of temperature, regulating control 242 can provide reactant 36 to composite 40 under higher rate, to make under higher rate releasing heat (H) from composite 40.Meanwhile, regulating control 242 does not provide reactant 36 to composite 40 exceeding under the excessive speed required for sensing temperature, to retain the electric power of battery 252 and to retain composite 40, and also retain the supply of reactant 36 in confined embodiment in the supply of reactant 36.

Fig. 6 schematically shows temperature booster 334, and this temperature booster 334 is another examples of the temperature booster of the temperature booster 34 that can be used as in system 20.Except temperature booster 334 comprise regulating control 342 particularly and be particularly used in compressed in container 343 or through pressurization reactant 36 except, temperature booster 334 is similar to temperature booster 34.Regulating control 142 comprises valve system 350, battery 252 and temperature controller 356.Valve system 350 comprises in accommodation through the valve between the container 343 and composite 40 of compressive reaction thing 36.Composite 40 is interrupted to be closed or activates between open mode that blocked state and reactant 36 can flow to composite 40 valve system 350 completely being provided to further by reactant 36.

Except temperature controller 356 utilize the sensing temperature from its temperature sensing device and generate and by Signal transmissions to valve system 350(instead of pump 254) so that between one or more state except activated valve 350, temperature controller 356 is similar to temperature controller 256.In such embodiments, valve 350 comprises actuator (electrical solenoid, motor and cam gear etc.), and this actuator receives the electric power from battery 252 and in response to the signal from temperature controller 356, valve 350 moved between open mode and closed condition.

In one embodiment, temperature controller 356 is activated valve mechanism 350 between following two states: open mode, and wherein, valve system 350 opens that reactant 36 is provided to composite 40; And closed condition, wherein, valve system 350 is closed to interrupt reactant 36 and is provided to composite 40.In another embodiment, according to the temperature that the temperature sensor by temperature controller 356 senses, temperature controller 356 generates and transmits and different controls signal to valve system 350 to realize different open modes.Such as, in response to the temperature lower than the first predetermined threshold, temperature controller 356 can transmit signal valve 350 being actuated to the first open mode, and in described first open mode, reactant 36 is in first rate current downflow.In response to the second temperature lower than the second colder predetermined threshold, temperature controller 356 can transmit signal valve system 350 being actuated to the second open mode, and the reactant 36 compared with large discharge is provided to composite 40 by described second open mode.In response to the temperature lower than three temperature colder than the second temperature, temperature controller 356 can transmit signal valve system 350 being actuated to the 3rd other open mode, and described 3rd open mode contributes to reactant 36 in larger speed current downflow to composite 40.Therefore, regulating control 342 can provide reactant 36 to composite 40 under higher rate, to make in response to the sharply decline of temperature under higher rate releasing heat (H) from composite 40.Meanwhile, regulating control 342 does not provide reactant 36 to composite 40 exceeding under the excessive speed required for sensing temperature, with retain battery 252 electric power, retain composite 40 and retain the supply of reactant 36.

Because regulating control 342 utilizes the pressure of the reactant 36 in container 343 to make reactant 36 move to composite 40 via valve 350, so regulating control 342 not merely depends on the passive gas flowing of composite 40.Therefore, regulating control 342 (compared with flow of ambient air) can provide reactant 36 to composite 40 under higher rate, makes under higher rate, discharge heat from composite 40 thus more promptly respond to the sharply decline of temperature.Meanwhile, by utilizing the pressure in container 343 to drive reactant 36, pump can be removed.

As shown in the dotted line in Fig. 6, in certain embodiments, to actuating material 352 advantageously, temperature controller 356 and battery 252 can be removed.It is as described above that actuating material 352 is equal to actuating material 152().In such embodiments, help reactant 36 to be pressed to except composite 40 through compressive reaction thing 36 in container 343 except regulating control 342 utilizes, regulating control 342 is similar to regulating control 142.

Fig. 7 schematically shows heat stabilization system 420, and this heat stabilization system 420 is exemplary embodiments for heat stabilization system 20.In exemplary embodiment in the figure 7, heat stabilization system 420 comprises temperature booster case or thermally-stabilised unit 423, and it comprises and holds composite 40 and regulating control 42(and also have reactant 36 in certain embodiments) carton of (being schematically shown in Fig. 1), container or case 425.Between the article 23 that unit 423 is centrally located at the pallet loads 22 on tray 30 and among.In order to object of the present disclosure, phrase " is positioned at pallet loads 22 to unit, case or container center " and represents that unit, case or container are opened with the relative outside spacers of pallet loads 22.In one embodiment, the container of unit 423 or case 425 have and the container of containing objects 23 or the basically identical size of the size of case.Therefore, unit 423 can exchange with this article container case, thus the stacking or pack pattern of not cracking load 22.Although heat stabilization system 420 is depicted as by Fig. 7 comprise single thermally-stabilised unit 423, in other embodiments, system 420 can comprise the multiple thermally-stabilised unit 423 be dispersed in whole pallet loads 22.In certain embodiments, the position being positioned at the periphery along load 22 that thermally-stabilised unit 423 can be other.

Fig. 8 schematically shows thermally-stabilised unit 523, and this thermally-stabilised unit 523 is exemplary embodiments for thermally-stabilised unit 423.Thermally-stabilised unit 523 comprises case 525, insulator arrangement 527, containment shell 529, composite packaging 531, flowing vestibule 533 and regulating control 42.Case 525 surrounds and encapsulates the remainder of thermally-stabilised unit 523.In certain embodiments, case 525 can have the outside dimension corresponding with the size of the case of the pallet loads 22 of containing objects 23.In certain embodiments, case 525 can comprise eyelet, so that supply from the reactant of peripheral region.

Insulator arrangement 527 comprises one or more layers the insulator arrangement surrounding containment shell 529 and composite packaging 531.In certain embodiments, insulator arrangement 527 can be saved, such as, when for being the insulating power based on two containers of containing objects 23 by the trigger point of unit 523 releasing heat.

It is oxygen or air to stop reactant 36(in the illustrated example that containment shell 529 surrounds composite packaging 531) flow to composite 40(and schematically show).In one embodiment, containment shell 529 comprises polymer pouches, and this polymer pouches is encapsulated and sealing around composite packaging 531.In other embodiments, containment shell 529 can have other structure.

Composite packaging 531 comprises that to hold composite 40(as described above) packaging or container.Composite packaging 531 comprises one or more opening, and reactant (such as air or oxygen) can be passed through this opening and enters and contact with composite 40.In the illustrated example, each packaging 531 includes one or more eyelet or gap 535, and reactant can be passed through this eyelet or gap flows into and contacts with composite 40.

Flowing vestibule 533 comprises the one or more structures forming manifold, plemum or other runner, and reactant 36 can flow to each composite from regulating control 42 through described structure and packs 531 and flow to composite 40 further across such composite packaging 531.In one embodiment, flowing vestibule 533 comprises a pair punched interval part, described punched interval part make with regulating control 42 relatively composite pack 531 spaced apart.

Regulating control 42 is described above about system 20.In operation, in response to temperature, reactant 36(is optionally oxygen or air by regulating control 42 in one embodiment) provide in containment shell 529.Especially, reactant 36 provides in flowing vestibule 533 by regulating control 42, and wherein reactant 36 is allowed through and arrives and to pack 531 adjacent positions with composite and make composite 40 be exposed to reactant 36 further across eyelet 535.Once being exposed to reactant 36, composite 40 produces or releasing heat with regard to heat release, and this heat is passed to pallet loads 22 and avoids being subject to cause thermal damage to make article 23.

Fig. 9 and Figure 10 shows thermally-stabilised unit 623, and this thermally-stabilised unit 623 is specific embodiments for thermally-stabilised unit 523.Thermally-stabilised unit 623 is configured to the part as pallet loads 22 and is configured in center or peripheral position.Thermally-stabilised unit 623 comprises case 625, insulator arrangement 627, containment shell 629, composite packaging 631, flowing vestibule 633 and regulating control 642.Case 625 surrounds and encapsulates the remainder of thermally-stabilised unit 523.In certain embodiments, case 625 can have the outside dimension corresponding with the size of the case of the pallet loads 22 of containing objects 23.In certain embodiments, case 625 can comprise the eyelet contributing to reactant supply.

Insulator arrangement 627 comprises one or more layers the insulator arrangement surrounding containment shell 629 and composite packaging 631.It is oxygen or air to stop reactant 36(in the illustrated example that containment shell 629 surrounds composite packaging 631) to flow to composite 40(shown in Figure 8).In one embodiment, containment shell 629 comprises polymer pouches, and this polymer pouches is encapsulated and sealing around composite packaging 631.In other embodiments, containment shell 629 can have other structure.

Composite packaging 631 comprises that to hold composite 40(as described above) packaging or container.Composite packaging 631 comprises one or more opening, and reactant (such as air or oxygen) can be passed through this opening and enters and contact with composite 40.In the illustrated example, each packaging 631 comprises one or more eyelet or gap 635, and reactant can be passed through this eyelet or gap 635 flows into and contacts with composite 40.

Flowing vestibule 633 comprises the one or more structures forming manifold, plemum or other runner, and reactant 36 can flow to each composite from regulating control 642 through described structure and packs 631 and flow to composite 40 further across such composite packaging 631.In one embodiment, flowing vestibule 633 comprises a pair perforated flat plate 634, this to dull and stereotyped 634 separate by distance piece, described distance piece make dull and stereotyped 634 spaced apart and formed adjacent to the packaging 631 relative with regulating control 642 and along the runner of described packaging 631.

Regulating control 642 regulates for making composite 40 expose so that composite 40 reacts and sends the oxygen of heat or air (being reactant in this example) enters supply in containment shell 629.Regulating control 642 comprises base portion 644, valve system 650 and actuator 651.Base portion 644 comprises the structure of sutaining valve mechanism 650 and actuator 651.Base portion 644 be sealed to containment shell 629 inside and outside between containment shell 629.

Valve system 650 comprises the valve be made up of opening 654 and grid 656.Opening 654 extends past the base portion 644 between grid 656 and containment shell 629 inside.In shown example, opening 654 and the runner between the flat board 634 of vestibule 633 relatively extend.Grid 656 comprises the flat board with flase floor 658 alternately and grid opening 660.Base portion 644 movably supports and guide grid 656, to make linear slide between the closed position and the open position.In make position, flase floor 658 is overlapping with opening 654 to stop through opening 654 and the flowing through valve system 650.In the open position, grid opening 660 and opening 654 are overlapping to allow through opening 654 and the flowing through valve system 650 at least in part.In other embodiments, valve 650 can have other structure.Such as, in other embodiments, grid 656 can alternatively comprise the disk with flase floor 658 and grid opening 660, and wherein grid 656 is configured to rotate between the make position of closing opening 654 and the open position opening opening 654 and valve 650.

Actuator 651 comprises the mechanism making grid 650 movement between the closed position and the open position.In the illustrated example, actuator 651 holds that to activate material 152(as described above), this actuating material is operationally connected to valve system 150 thus makes in response to temperature or temperature traverse valve system 650 in off position and the material moved between open mode.

In one embodiment, activate material 652 and shrink in response to the temperature about predetermined value declines, wherein, such contraction causes valve system 650 to move further towards full open position.On the contrary, activate material response and raise in the temperature about predetermined value and expand, wherein, such expansion causes valve system 650 to move further towards buttoned-up status.In one embodiment, activate material 652 and comprise wax material, this wax material expands and shrinks to make valve system 650 move.In other embodiments, activate material 652 and can comprise other material or material.In certain embodiments, activate the while that material 652 can alternatively expanding in response to temperature declines and shrink to make valve 650 move in response to temperature raises.Because regulating control 642 utilizes and activates material 652 and make valve system 650 move, so regulating control 642 automatically activated valve 650 can save electrical motor, compressive reaction thing, battery or will consumed power and pass other mechanism that may exhaust in time simultaneously.

In operation, in response to temperature, regulating control 642 optionally allows reactant 36(to be oxygen or air in one embodiment) flow into containment shell 629.Especially, regulating control 642 allows reactant 36 to flow into flowing vestibule 633, and wherein reactant 36 is allowed through and arrives and to pack 631 adjacent positions with composite and make composite 40 be exposed to reactant 36 further across eyelet 635.Once being exposed to reactant 36, composite 40 produces or releasing heat with regard to heat release, and this heat is passed to pallet loads 22 and avoids being subject to cause thermal damage to make article 23.

Figure 11 schematically shows heat stabilization system 720, and this heat stabilization system 720 is another exemplary embodiments of heat stabilization system 20 shown in Fig. 1.Except heat stabilization system 720 comprises thermally-stabilised unit 723 and 724, heat stabilization system 720 is similar to heat stabilization system 420.Except thermally-stabilised unit 723 is configured to extend horizontally through except multiple article 523 and their container, thermally-stabilised unit 723 is similar to thermally-stabilised unit 523.In the illustrated example, each unit 723 extends completely through pallet loads 22, thus forms the pallet loads 22 of one deck.Each unit 723 comprises supporting construction 725, composite 40, regulating control 42 and runner 727.

Supporting construction 725 comprises the structure of those article of side's support on said layer while of being configured to horizontal-extending between multiple article 23 thus forming the pallet loads 22 of one deck.Supporting construction 725 holds composite 40, regulating control 42 and runner 727.In one embodiment, supporting construction 725 comprises the case of the level of being substantially.In one embodiment, supporting construction 725 additionally can comprise post (post) or the grid (grid) of supporting walls.

Composite 40 and regulating control 42 is described above about system 20.In the illustrated example, composite 40 is positioned at the center of load 22, and is positioned at the center relative to the layer formed by supporting construction 725.Therefore, can give out from the central part of load 22 or pars intermedia once being exposed to the heat that reactant 36 produces by composite 40.In other embodiments, composite 40 can alternatively be arranged in by the peripheral position of supporting construction 725 the formed layer, to provide heat to the part of load 22, the part of wherein said load 22 is exposed to low temperature more.

Runner 727 comprises the passage extending to composite 40 from the outside of load 22.Runner 727 extends between the in succession spaced and relative surface 729 of pallet loads 22 inside.Runner 727 can be formed by the spacing between the container being formed in article 23 or space, or can be formed by the structure of such as pipe, pipeline, flexible pipe, groove or passage.Runner 727 contributes to guaranteeing the oxygen in reactant 36(air) composite 40 can be provided to fully under enough speed.In the illustrated example, the extraneous air surrounding pallet loads 22 is pneumatically connected to regulating control 42 by runner 727, and this regulating control 422 again fluid is connected to composite 40.In other embodiments, regulating control 42 alternatively can be positioned at the periphery of pallet loads 22, and wherein regulating control 42 is pneumatically connected to composite 40 by runner 727.

Thermally-stabilised unit 724 is formed in tray 30.As shown in Figure 11, unit 724 comprise hold composite 40(and schematically show) one or more room or cavity 730.In one embodiment, composite 40 is sealed in each room 40, and for being optionally connected to extraneous air by runner 734.It is above-described that thermally-stabilised unit 724 also comprises regulating control 42() and runner 734.Runner 734 comprises passage, and this passage extends to from regulating control 42 composite 40 be accommodated in each cavity 730.Based on temperature, reactant 36(is oxygen or air by regulating control 42 in this example) be supplied to composite 40 via runner 734, thus once being exposed to reactant 36, composite 40 just reacts with reactant and produces heat.Although unit 724 is depicted as the single runner 734 and single actuator 42 that comprise for supplying to the composite 40 be accommodated in each room 730, but in other embodiments, unit 724 also can comprise Special regulator 42 for the composite 40 in different chamber 730 and special runner 734.Comprising for each room 730 or in the special runner 734 of the room 730 of independent subgroup and the embodiment of Special regulator 42, reactant can be provided to the composite 40 in different chamber 730, to adapt to the different temperatures that may experience in the varying level position of load 22 in the different time or at a different rate.

Figure 12 is the decomposition diagram that thermally-stabilised transport systems 820 is shown, this thermally-stabilised transport systems 820 is exemplary embodiments for thermally-stabilised transport systems 20.Thermally-stabilised transport systems 820 comprises tray 830, bottom lip 838, bottom tray 840, one of them article 23 of pallet loads 922(illustrate in fig. 12), angle or edge protections 843, insulator arrangement 848(illustrate in fig. 13), cover 850A, 850B(illustrate in fig. 13), insulator arrangement 852(illustrates in figure 16), top board 854, insulator arrangement 856(illustrate in Figure 17 and Figure 18) and thermally-stabilised unit 923.

Tray 830 is similar to tray 30.Tray 830 is positioned at below pallet loads 922, plays the effect for the platform making pallet loads 922 move.Tray 830 comprises main body 832 and phase-change material 834.Main body 832 is made up of foam, such as expandable polystyrene (EPS), thus be used from the effect of one deck insulator arrangement of the bottom of goods or pallet loads 922.In the illustrated example, main body 832 comprises and has the two-dimensional array of nine blocks 835 or the lower surface of grid, processes to help with fork truck and hydraulic car from all four sidepieces.Meanwhile, the top side of main body 832 contributes to the stacking to form pallet loads 922 of container or case.

Main body 832 comprises cavity 836.Cavity 836 comprises depression, this be recessed to form have support pallet loads 922 main body 832 upper surface below in main body 832.Phase-change material 834 is held separately in cavity 836.In the illustrated example, other liquid container 337 of cavity 836 receiving sleeve, liquid bottles, fluid bag or accommodation phase-change material 834.In one embodiment, hold the container 337 of phase-change material 834 can comprise cover 850 through cutting or separated part or portion's section.In other embodiments, cavity 836 self can comprise sealing chamber, can fill described sealing chamber with phase-change material 834 by being integrated in main body 832 by filling channel.Although main body 832 is depicted as the cavity 836 comprising the interval that six are arranged symmetrically with, but in other embodiments, main body 832 also can comprise more or less such cavity 836.

Phase-change material 834 has once the composite of external air temperature decline with regard to releasing heat.Especially, when phase-change material is exposed to the temperature of the phase transition temperature being in phase-change material 834, phase-change material 834 experiences the phase transformation from liquid to solid.When experiencing phase transformation, material 834 discharges stored heat.In one embodiment, adjustment or change the composite of phase-change material 834, thus based on formed pallet loads 922 article minimum temperature specification and adjust the phase transition temperature (trigger point of the heat of release maximum) of material 834 particularly.By adjusting the composite of phase-change material 834 based on the minimum temperature specification of article, retain heat stored in phase-change material until the release of these heat is best.In one embodiment, phase-change material 834 has the phase transition temperature of the minimum temperature specification based on pallet loads, and wherein phase transition temperature is at least minimum temperature specification and more with a high standardly than minimum temperature is less than 5 degree.In one embodiment, phase-change material 834 comprises the bittern with-17 DEG C of phase transition temperatures.In other embodiments, phase-change material 834 can provide other phase transition temperature.In other embodiments, phase-change material 834 can be combined with other exothermic material or mechanism being carried on main body 832 inside.Use together with cover 850 although tray 830 is described as, in other embodiments, tray 830 can use independent of this cover.

Bottom lip 838 is included in the thin plate of the liquid non-permeate material extended between the top of tray 830 and pallet loads 922.Bottom lip 838 provides liquid barrier, to make pallet loads 922 avoid to suffer the condensation caused by the aqueous vapor risen.Bottom lip 838 extend through tray 830 whole upper surface and downwards drape to tray 830 side.As by the description hereafter about Figure 17 and Figure 18, at the assembly process of system 820, thin plate 838 be fixed to upwards extension thus wrap up around pallet loads 922 bottom subsequently to lower extension.Therefore, bottom lip 838 provides convection current to intercept, thus stops cold air to enter from below and between the insulator arrangement from different layers and the cover 850 along pallet loads periphery.In one embodiment, bottom lip 838 comprises the polyethylene thin plate with 1800 × 1600 mm sizes, and wherein tray 830 has the size of 1200 × 1000 mm.In other embodiments, bottom lip 838 can be formed by other liquid non-permeate material and can have other size.

Bottom tray 840 comprises pallet, and this pallet faces up and to be positioned at above thin plate 838 and to be positioned at below pallet loads 922.Bottom tray 840 cooperates to help by case or container with top pallet 344 and remains in stacked arrangement.In certain embodiments, bottom tray 840 can be saved.

Angle or edge protections 843 along formed pallet loads 22 container rectangle heap angle and extend, avoid being clashed into make this angle and alignment be provided.

Although not shown, in certain embodiments, stretch wrap film can be used around tray 830 and pallet loads 22 and sidepiece along them is used.The water impermeable that stretch wrap film 346 is provided between pallet loads 22 and cover 850 intercepts.Therefore, once unexpectedly piercing through cover 850, these liquid also may can not infiltrate pallet loads 22, and wherein this liquid can damage transported product or article.This stretch wrap film makes pallet loads or goods stablize further.Insulator arrangement 848 is included between cover 850 and pallet loads 922 and is wound around and one or more layers fixing thermal insulation thin plate or material around pallet loads 922.

Cover 850 is formed overlapped with the layout of the cover extended along all four sides of pallet loads 922.Cover 850A is below cover 850B, and the top along pallet loads 922 closer extends to pallet loads 922.In the illustrated example, the sidepiece of cover 850A comprises compartment 854, and this compartment 854 holds phase-change material 834 and has the top of saving compartment simultaneously.In other embodiments, top can alternatively comprise compartment 854, wherein this compartment 854 hold small amount phase-change material 834 or wherein this room 854 be empty and be flat substantially.Therefore, keep closer to pallet loads 922 at the compartment of the cover 850B of cover 850A placed on top and phase-change material, wherein the top of cover 850B makes cover 850A avoid being pierced along its top side.In addition, phase-change material 834 more uniformly extends around the top of pallet loads 922 and sidepiece.

Cover 850A and 850B comprises compartment 854.Figure 15 illustrate in detail compartment 854.Figure 15 also show filling channel 856, charge valve 858 and sealing member 860.As shown in figure 15, compartment 854 comprises elongated tubular chamber separately, and this tubular chamber has the main dimension extended along vertical axis.In the illustrated example, compartment 854 forms the compartment that a line vertically extends.Because compartment 854 in the vertical direction extends (comparing with the horizontal direction of compartment 854), if so compartment 854 is pierced, only this pierces through the liquid generation seepage of top, place.Such as, if puncture is formed such as pierce through place 865, then only above this pierced holes, the phase-change material 834 of (tops of online 866) will seepage.

As shown in figure 14, in the illustrated example, each compartment 854 has the independent container of heap of case or the vertical height of the height of case that are less than and form pallet loads 922.Each compartment 854 is arranged by the row further with alignment, and described row also has the independent container of heap of case or the height of the height of case that are less than and form pallet loads 922.The compartment 854 of adjacent lines is separated by horizontal extension 870 mutually vertically that save or do not comprise compartment.Therefore, the compartment 854 that the vertical spacing that each cover 850 comprises multiple horizontal-extending is capable, thus allow cover 850 to be divided into multiple sections, and the edge of these sections does not extend past the inside of compartment 854.Therefore, can based on the quantity of the case of stacking formation pallet loads 922, and the vertical length easily arranging or repair along the cover 850 of pallet loads side or height.Alternatively, the compartment 854 of particular portion section can be in empty state.

In example shown in Figure 14, pallet loads 922 has the height (illustrating in Figure 19) become by six stacking containers or box-shaped.Similarly, cover 850 all has separately the height formed by six portion's sections or the capable room 854 of six horizontal-extendings.In order to adapt to have the alternative pallet loads of the height of only four stacked containers or case, by easily removing the horizontal-extending room 854 of two minimum sections or row, each cover 850 can be modified.In other embodiments, compartment 854 can provide so vertical height, that is, make all multiple vertical compartments 854 in succession have and be slightly less than the formation independent container of heap of pallet loads 22 or the height of the height of case.In this embodiment, extend between the compartment 854 vertically extended and save the horizontal part 870 of this compartment 854, will align with the horizontal sides of independent case of the heap forming pallet loads 922.In other words, horizontal part 870 aligns with the horizontal boundary between adjacent container or case.Subsequently, cover 850 can easily be arranged to adapt to and to mate mutually stacking with the case of the varying number forming pallet loads 922 or container substantially.Alternatively, the compartment 854 do not extended in the case adjacent position with the transported article of accommodation can be in not by the state that phase-change material 834 is filled, and can fold and tie up or be fixed to the top of the adjacent compartments 854 of filling with phase-change material 834 simply.In other embodiments, compartment 854 can have other height, makes compartment 854 overlap border between the adjacent container of the heap of pallet loads 22 or case.

As shown in Figure 15, filling channel 856 be included in cover 850 inside, through cover 850 or along the passage of cover 850, utilize described passage phase-change material 834 can be provided to compartment 854.In the illustrated example, filling channel 856 extends along the upper end of the compartment 854 of each row, so that can for all compartments 854 of this row.In one embodiment, by carrying out lamination to each thin plate forming cover 350, and filling channel 856 is formed.In other embodiments, can by insert, the independent tubular member of attachment molded and shaped enter in cover 850.

The top of each compartment 854 of valve 858 between passage 856 and compartment 854.In the illustrated example, valve 858 comprises check valve, and this one-way valve opens to allow phase-change material 60 to flow into compartment 854 from filling channel 856, and closes to stop phase-change material 60 compartment 854 that flows backwards to be got back in filling channel 456.Because valve 858 is positioned at the top of each compartment 854, be reduced so phase-change material 834 seepage gets back to filling channel 856, even when valve 858 lost efficacy.In other embodiments, the valve of other form can be used.In other embodiments, valve 858 can being saved, such as, when the import of compartment 854 being closed, such as, after filling fully with phase-change material 834, passing through heat-sealing.In other embodiments, valve and filling channel can be saved, wherein formed cover 850 time such as when formed and sealed compartments 854(be formed as blister) time phase-change material (such as liquid bittern) occur deposit or be used to filled chamber 854.

In the illustrated example, once be filled by each compartment 854 with phase-change material 834, then form sealing 860 further.Seal the end of 860 shutoff or closed filling channel 856.Therefore, the seepage of remaining liq in filling channel 856 is stoped further.In one embodiment, sealing 860 comprises heat-sealing, such as, utilize the heat-sealing that heat-sealing fixture is formed.In other embodiments, sealing 860 can be saved.

As also illustrated in Figure 15, in one embodiment, each cover 850 be also included in each cover 850 towards the fabric in the one side of pallet loads 922 or weaving layer 874.Layer 874 can be wrapped up, bonding, welding, fastening or be laminated to the polymer sheet forming cover 850 remainder.When being placed with against pallet loads 922, tissue layer 874 makes cover 850 avoid wearing and tearing, damage and piercing through.In other embodiments, layer 874 can be administered to both sides or can save.

Insulator arrangement 852(illustrates in figure 16) comprise one or more layers the insulator arrangement formed around cover 850.In the illustrated example, insulator arrangement 852 comprises the two-layer web-like insulator arrangement of the parcel around cover 850.Insulator arrangement 852 contributes to heat to remain on pallet loads 22 around.

Top board 853(illustrates in fig. 17) comprise heat insulating material plate.Plate 853 is placed in the top of cover 850.Plate 853 comprises polyethylene foamed (EPE) in one embodiment.In other embodiments, top board 853 can comprise other heat insulating material or can be removed.

Insulator arrangement 856(illustrates in Figure 17 and Figure 18) comprise one or more layers the insulating material being formed around insulator arrangement 852 and formed above top board 853.In the illustrated example, insulator arrangement 856 comprises two-layer web-like insulator arrangement.In the illustrated example, insulator arrangement 856 comprises the thermal insulating device identical with 852 with insulator arrangement 848.Insulator arrangement 856 contributes to heat to be retained in pallet loads 22 around.In one embodiment, insulator arrangement 852 and 856 comprises closed-cell polyethylene foam, and provides total insulation thickness of about 15 mm.Insulator arrangement 852 and insulator arrangement 856 block the heat trnasfer between phase-change material 834 and external environment condition.In one embodiment, stretch wrap film extends around insulator arrangement 856, intercepts to form the stable water impermeable of final goods around pallet loads 922.

As shown in Figure 17, the top around insulator arrangement 852 and top board 853 forms insulator arrangement 856.Also adhesive tape is utilized to be fixed by insulator arrangement 856.As shown in Figure 18, each insulator arrangement 848, cover 850, insulator arrangement 852 and insulator arrangement 856 are along the outside of pallet loads 22 and the junction extended through along the side of tray 830 between pallet loads 22 and tray 830.The end of insulator arrangement 848, cover 850 and insulator arrangement 856 ends at the top of the bottom 382 of tray 830 end face (top deck).In the illustrated example, this end to terminate at above bottom 382 such as at least 10 mm and be such as not more than the minor increment D of 100 mm above bottom 382.Therefore, form failure-free in pallet loads 22 and tray 830 junction to seal.Meanwhile, the use of materials handlinng equipment (such as fork truck and hydraulic car) is not affected along the insulator arrangement of tray 830 sidepiece and cover.As also illustrated in Figure 17, thin plate 838 wraps up the lower end through insulator arrangement 848, cover 850, insulator arrangement 852 and insulator arrangement 856, and wraps up on the side of insulator arrangement 856, wherein utilizes adhesive tape 886 to be fixed by thin plate 838.Therefore, thin plate 838 also makes the end of insulating barrier and cover 850 avoid being worn, wearing away and damaging.

Thermally-stabilised unit 923(illustrates in Figure 12 and Figure 19) cooperate with cover 850 to make pallet loads 922 avoid being subject to cause thermal damage.Thermally-stabilised unit 923 is with the similar part of thermally-stabilised unit 723 discussed above: thermal stabilization apparatus forms the unbroken layer horizontally through the article forming pallet loads 922.As shown in figure 20, arrange the article 23 forming pallet loads 922 with " runner (pin wheel) " arrangement mode, described arrangement mode defines vertical vent or passage 927.Passage 927 is provided for the reactant air source of thermally-stabilised unit 923, and play for transmit by thermally-stabilised unit 923 produce the effect of passage of heat.In other embodiments, the alternate manner getting rid of passage 927 can be adopted to carry out article that are stacking or layout load 922.

Figure 19 and Figure 21 illustrates in greater detail thermally-stabilised unit 923.Figure 19 shows the heat stabilization system 820 of assembling, but eliminates the layer of thin plate 838, pallet 840, angle guard member 843, plate 853 and cover 850 around, insulating barrier and stretching winding or stretch film.As shown in figure 19, thermally-stabilised unit 923 extends between the highest article and plate 853 of load 922.Because the position of thermally-stabilised unit 923 on the top of pallet loads 922 or close to pallet loads 922 top extends, so thermally-stabilised unit 923 pair ambient temperature lower than the article insulation degree of pallet loads 922 decline have more responsibility.Because thermally-stabilised unit 923 extends on pallet loads 922 top or in the position close to pallet loads 922 top, so utilize the phase-change material 834 of cover 850 along top and heat transfer is carried out to the heat produced by thermally-stabilised unit 923 in side along pallet loads 923.In addition, trigger in the example illustrated of thermally-stabilised unit 923 releasing heat under the phase-change material 834 higher than cover 850 starts the temperature of the temperature of releasing heat, the useful heating life-span of cover 850 is extended.In one embodiment, thermally-stabilised unit 923 has the heating life-span and is configured to making the fever time section of unit 923 and cover 850 start releasing heat at nonoverlapping temperature substantially.In one embodiment, phase-change material 834 starts releasing heat at-20 DEG C of temperature, and thermally-stabilised unit 923 starts releasing heat at-10 DEG C of temperature simultaneously.In other embodiments, other trigger point can be adopted.

In one embodiment, tray 830 also comprises thermally-stabilised unit 724, described by above with reference to Figure 11.Therefore, pallet loads 922 receives the heat from the thermally-stabilised unit 923 being positioned at pallet loads 922 top, and receive illustrate in fig. 11 from the thermally-stabilised unit 724(being positioned at tray 830) heat.The article 922 of each layer are by the distance providing homogeneous heating to match with the article 23 for forming load 922 (from the distance of independent thermally-stabilised unit through pallet loads 922 heat by conduction) and and unit 923 or unit 724 interval.In other embodiments, tray 830 can save thermally-stabilised unit 724, wherein one or more additional thermally-stabilised unit 923 can being set between the top of pallet loads 922 and bottom, making the article 922 of each layer by the distance providing homogeneous heating to match with the article for forming load 922 and and arbitrary thermally-stabilised unit 923 interval.

As schematically shown in Figure 21 and Figure 23, thermally-stabilised unit 923 comprises container 930, exothermic compositions 40(is above-described) and regulating control 942.Container 930 is encapsulated and support combinations thing 40 and regulating control 942.Container 930 supports the structure that can cover above container 930, such as, when making thermally-stabilised unit 923 be stacked on the below of other article 23 of pallet loads 922.Container 930 also seals around composite 40, thus stops composite 40 to be exposed to reactant air, if also do not providing this reactant air through this regulating control 42 by regulating control 42.Regulating control 942 regulates reactant air to the supply of composite 40.In the illustrated example, regulating control 942 to be similar to regulating control 142(above-described).Regulating control 942 comprises valve system 950 and activates material 952.Valve system 950 comprises opening and closable vent or grid (being similar to the grid above with reference to the valve system 650 described by Fig. 9) between the supply and composite 40 of reactant air.In the illustrated example, to extend from the angle of pallet loads 922 and the flexible pipe of angle place admission of air between the junction of cover 850, pipe or pipeline 953(illustrate in Figure 14, Figure 15 and Figure 18 through (a)) and (b) air intake 955(of extending to valve system 950 from the peripheral part of container 930 illustrate among Figure 14, Figure 21 and Figure 23), air is provided to valve system 950.Valve system 950 is being closed completely or is being activated between blocked state (wherein stopping reactant air to be provided to composite 40 further) and open mode (wherein reactant air can flow to composite 40).In one embodiment, reactant air can be provided from passage 927 further through the opening 959 in container 930.

In the illustrated example, valve system 950 is supported thus (tilting relative to the base plate of container 930 and top plate) extends to bottom from the top diagonal line of container 930.Therefore, when not increasing the overall height of container 930 and pallet loads 922 widely, when opening valve system 950, the size of the face area of the valve system 950 that reactant air can flow over and the opening of valve system 950 can be larger.In other embodiments, valve system 950 can be set other orientation.

Activate material 952 and comprise material, be connected to valve system 950 this material operable thus make in response to temperature or temperature traverse valve system 950 move in off position and between open mode.In the illustrated example, activate material 955 and be operationally connected to valve system 950 by bar 957, wherein activate material 952 and be positioned at the position of the periphery close to pallet loads 922, valve system 950 is positioned at the position of center close to pallet loads 922 or mid point simultaneously.Because activate the position that material 952 is positioned at the neighboring close to pallet loads 922; so it is less and more promptly can decline to ambient temperature and respond to activate the insulation degree of material 952, first described ambient temperature declines may affect the less and less outmost article 23 being subject to the pallet loads 922 of Thermal protection of insulation degree.In other embodiments, the position that material 952 can be positioned at closely close with pallet loads 922 horizontal center point valve system 950 is activated.In other embodiments, valve system 950 and actuating both materials 952 can be positioned at the position of the horizontal external close to pallet loads 922, close to the side of pallet loads 922.

As actuating material 152, activate material 952 and shrink in response to the temperature about predetermined value declines, wherein, such contraction causes valve system 950 to move further towards full open position.On the contrary, activate material response and raise in the temperature about predetermined value and expand, wherein, such expansion causes valve system 950 to move further towards buttoned-up status.In one embodiment, activate material 952 and comprise wax material, this wax material expands and shrinks valve system 950 is moved.In other embodiments, activate material 952 and can comprise other material or material.In certain embodiments, activate the while that material 952 can alternatively expanding in response to temperature declines and shrink in response to temperature raises, move to make valve system 950.Because regulating control 942 utilizes and activates material 952 and make valve system 950 move, so regulating control 942 can automatically activated valve 950, save motor, compressive reaction thing, battery or will consumed power and pass other mechanism that may exhaust in time simultaneously.

Figure 22 and Figure 23 schematically shows thermally-stabilised unit 1023, and this thermally-stabilised unit 1023 is exemplary embodiments for thermally-stabilised unit 923.Figure 22 schematically shows the thermally-stabilised unit 1023 before the part being embodied as heat stabilization system 820.As shown in Figure 22, before concrete enforcement, thermally-stabilised unit 1023 comprises container or the parcel 1039 at multiple intervals of container 1030 and composite 40.Container 1030 seals around the parcel 1039 of material 40, and between parcel 1039, forms entrance 1055(illustrate in fig 23).Entrance 1055 is included in volume between parcel 1039 or space, and the size in this volume or space is determined to be admission valve mechanism 950.In the illustrated example, container 1030 comprises: carton or container 1060, and it provides the inside of support structure for container 1030; And sealing layer 1062, sealing layer comprises bag, layer, film or the coating of the inside of container 1060 and external reactants air being carried out seal isolation.Although the outside be depicted as around container 1060 extends, sealing layer 1062 can also alternatively be positioned at along container 1060 inside position or can arrange as a part for container 1060.Such as, in one embodiment, container 1060 can comprise cellulose or paper board material, this cellulose or paper board material encapsulating as the bag of sealing layer 1062 or receive by this bag.In another embodiment, container 1060 self can be air impermeable, such as, when container 1060 is when forming or comprise the film of air impermeable, coating or other air impermeable layer by air non-permeate material (such as without perforation poly-mer).

In the illustrated example, sealing layer 1062 comprises bottom opening 1064, removable cap 1066, open top 1068, removable cap 1070 and periphery cap 1072.Bottom opening 1064 comprises opening, and when container 1030 is located as a part for pallet loads 922, this opening at least extends past sealing layer 1062 and is positioned in above passage 927 and extends (being shown in Figure 19).Removable cap 1066 comprises the plate, thin plate, door etc. that cover sealed open 1064.In one embodiment, lid 1066 comprises tears plate or thin plate, and this tear-open plate or thin plate leap opening 1064 are adhesively fixed to checks layer 1062, is peeled off for from opening 1064.In another embodiment, lid 1066 can be formed integrally as single entirety with sealing layer 1062, and wherein indentation, local eyelet etc. contribute to the separation of lid 1066 thus open opening 1064.

Be similar to bottom opening 1064, open top 1068 comprises opening, and when container 1030 is located as a part for pallet loads 922, this opening at least extends past sealing layer 1062 and is positioned in below extension (being shown in Figure 19) of passage 927.Removable cap 1070 comprises covering and the plate, thin plate, door etc. of sealed open 1068.In one embodiment, lid 1070 comprises and tears plate or thin plate, and this is torn sheet material or thin plate and crosses over opening 1064 and be adhesively fixed to and check layer 1062, is peeled off for from opening 1068.In another embodiment, lid 1070 can be formed integrally as single entirety with sealing layer 1062, and wherein indentation, local eyelet etc. contribute to the separation of lid 1070 thus open opening 1068.Opening 1064 and 1068 and their corresponding lid 1066,1070 enable the inside of container 1030 pneumatically be connected to passage 927, and this passage 927 plays the effect in the reactant air source of pallet loads 922 center and will play and distribute the effect of passage of heat for the inner vertical in pallet loads 922.In certain embodiments, passage 927 can help reactant air and flow to other thermally-stabilised unit 923, and wherein these other thermally-stabilised unit 923 pneumatically may can not be connected to the outside of pallet loads 922 in order to reactant air.Therefore, can be passed through single side opening or interface and single pipe 953 and be provided for most of reactant air of the multiple thermally-stabilised unit 923 of pallet loads 922, thus reducing the degree of thermal boundary in order to provide the object of reactant air to make compromise of cover 850 and external insulation layer.In certain embodiments, the one or both of opening 1064,1068 and lid 1066,1070 can be saved.

Periphery cap 1072 comprises along container outer peripheral edge thus deviates from the part that pallet loads 922 faces outer sealing layer 1062.Periphery cap 1072 is configured to can be torn, pierce through or break, thus opens the inside of sealing layer 1062 along the edge of container 1030.The size of periphery cap 1072 is designed to contribute to valve system 950(to illustrate in fig 23) and actuating mechanism 952(illustrate in fig 23) from outside insert container 1030 entrance 1055.In one embodiment, periphery cap 1072 is unstable to help piercing through or tearing along its outward flange.In another embodiment, periphery cap 1072 is adhesively fixed to the remainder of sealing layer 1062, tearing or being separated to help cap 1072.

Parcel 1039 comprises perforation packaging or the container of exothermic compositions 40.In the illustrated example, by adhesives 1075(such as glue spraying) or Acrylic Foam Tape 1077 in the position at interval by position for parcel 1039 to container 1060.Because parcel 1039 is secured in place, thus parcel 1039 can remain on spacing sentence to help during producing heat by composite 40 reactant air between these parcels 1039 or above flowing.In the illustrated example, container 1060 has the vertical height of the vertical height being greater than parcel 1039, thus promotes that reactant air is in the flowing of container 1060 inside when opening inserted valve system 950 subsequently further to provide during reactant air.In one embodiment, between the top of parcel 1039 and the sealing member of container 1060, arrange at least 0.25 inch and be nominally the gap of at least 0.5 inch.

Figure 23 shows the embodiment of the thermally-stabilised unit 1023 of the part as pallet loads 922.Figure 23 shows an exemplary embodiment, and wherein thermally-stabilised unit 1023 is positioned on pallet loads 922 top, as shown in Figure 19.Therefore, lid 1066 is removed and makes lid 1070 keep complete simultaneously.In example shown in Figure 23, valve system 1150 is arranged on the end of microscler air impermeable pipe 1153.When illustrating in fig. 22 through the cap 1072(that pierces through or tear) when inserting in container 1030, the outside of pipe 1153 connects fully or seals against sealing layer 1062, is flowing over valve system 1150 to stop the reactant air between pipe 1153 and sealing layer 1062.

As above about thermally-stabilised unit 923 discuss, activate material 952 be operationally connected to valve system 950 by bar 957.Activate material 952 and play the effect optionally opening and closing valve system 950 in response to the temperature traverse of the periphery of container 1030.

Figure 24 illustrates in greater detail thermally-stabilised unit 1023.As shown in Figure 24, container 1060 is additionally included in the pillar stiffener 1180 extended between the base plate of container 1060 and top plate.Pillar stiffener 1080 contributes to supporting any covering load be placed on container 1030 top, and contributes to remaining on the air flow above parcel 1039.

Figure 25 shows example valve unit 1151, and this valve cell 1151 comprises sutaining valve mechanism 950 and holds the pipe 1153 activating material 952 and bar 957.As shown in Figure 25, pipe 1153 comprises bottom and open top 1182,1184, and described bottom and open top tectonic association thing do not align with opening 1064 and 1068.Opening 1182,1184 contributes to the air flowing entering the input side of valve system 950 from passage 927.

Figure 26 is the birds-eye view schematically showing thermally-stabilised unit 1223, and this thermally-stabilised unit 1223 is another embodiments of thermally-stabilised unit 1023.Except thermally-stabilised unit 1223 comprises except strut member 1288, thermally-stabilised unit 1223 is equal to thermally-stabilised unit 1023.For the remainder of the thermally-stabilised unit 1223 corresponding with the parts of thermally-stabilised unit 1023, be numbered in a similar fashion.Strut member 1288 comprises latticed supporting construction, and this supporting construction extends to the top plate of container 1030 from the base plate of container 1030, to support the load of any covering be placed on container 1030.The parcel 1039 of exothermic compositions 40 is also separated and is separated by strut member 1288.

Figure 27 is the lateral plan of a part for strut member 1288.As shown in Figure 27, strut member 1288 comprises wall 1290, and this wall 1290 has the series of passages 1292(be formed at wherein and there is shown one of them passage).Passage 1292 contributes to reactant air flows over container 1060 inside from the discharge side 1293 of valve system 950.

Figure 30 and Figure 31 shows an example of strut member 1288.As shown in Figure 29, wall 1290 comprises corresponding upper and lower breach 1294,1296 respectively, thus is convenient to be formed the interlock of the wall 1292 of criss-cross supporting construction as shown in Figure 28.Therefore, wall 1290 can be assembled or dismantled with amendment by strut member 1288 size or the area of grid are provided, thus adapt to the pallet loads with different length and width.In other embodiments, the grid of strut member 1288 can alternatively be formed by liftedly or for good and all wall 1290 that is interconnective or that be formed integrally as single entirety.

Although describe the disclosure with reference to exemplary embodiment, those skilled in the art will recognize that when not deviating from the spirit and scope of claimed theme, change can be made in form and details.Such as, although different exemplary embodiments has been described as comprising the one or more features providing one or more benefit, it will also be appreciated that can interchangeable with one another or alternatively combination with one another in described exemplary embodiment or the feature described in other alternate embodiment.Because technology of the present disclosure is relative complex, so unpredictable to all changes in technology.Described by reference exemplary embodiment and proposed the in the following claims disclosure, is obviously intended that wide in range as much as possible.Such as, unless otherwise noted, the claim describing single particular element also comprises multiple specific element like this.

Claims

1. a device, comprising:

Pallet loads (22,922);

Composite (40), described composite (40) is heat release ground releasing heat extremely described pallet loads when being exposed to reactant (36); And

Regulating control (42,142,242,342,642,942), described regulating control regulates described reactant (36) to the supply of described composite (40).

2. device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described regulating control (42,142,242,342,642,942) automatically regulates described reactant (36) to the supply of described composite (40) in response to temperature.

3. device as claimed in claim 2, wherein, described regulating control (42,142,242,342,642,942) is automatically actuated into open mode from closed condition, in described open mode, described reactant (36) is provided to described composite (40) via described regulating control (42,142,242,342).

4. device as claimed in claim 3, wherein, described regulating control (42,142,242,342,642,942) is configured to be actuated into described open mode from described closed condition at activation temperature, and described activationary temperature has the value being less than or equal to-10 DEG C.

5. device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described composite (40) is in response to being exposed to gas and heat release ground releasing heat.

6. device as claimed in claim 5, wherein, described composite (40) comprises iron powder and in response to being exposed to air and releasing heat.

7. device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described regulating control (42,142,242,342,642,942) comprising:

Valve (150,250,350,650,950), it can move between different reactant supply conditions;

Activate material (152,352,952), it shrinks in response to temperature declines, wherein, described material is connected to described valve (150,250,350,650,950), the expansion of described actuating material (152,352,952) is made to make described valve (150,250,350,650,950) move to the second reactant supply condition from the first reactant supply condition, in described second reactant supply condition, the described reactant (36) of larger quantity is provided to described composite (40).

8. device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described regulating control (42,142,242,342,642,942) comprises pump (254) optionally described reactant (36) is pumped to described composite (40).

9. device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described pallet loads comprises ground floor article container case and second layer article container case, and wherein, described composite (40) and described regulating control (42,142,242,342,642,942) are sandwiched between described ground floor and the described second layer.

10. device as claimed in claim 9, wherein, described device also comprises the supporting walls (1290) that will be interposed between described ground floor support also above the described second layer, and described supporting walls is formed in the reactant runner of horizontal-extending between described ground floor and the described second layer.

11. devices as claimed in claim 1, also comprise the case (625) holding described composite (40) and described regulating control (42,142,242,342), described case (65) is arranged as a part for described pallet loads.

12. devices as claimed in claim 1, are also included in the tray (330) below described pallet loads (22), and described tray (30) comprises the cavity receiving described composite (40).

13. devices as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described composite (40) is centrally located at the position of the neighboring away from described pallet loads, and wherein, described device be also included in described pallet loads isolated in succession and air flow channel between relative surface, described air flow channel extends to described composite (40) from the neighboring of described pallet loads.

14. 1 kinds of devices, comprising:

Container (425,625,930,1030), it is arranged as a part for pallet loads;

Composite (40) in described container (425,625,930,1030), described composite (40) is heat release ground releasing heat extremely described pallet loads when being exposed to reactant (36); And

Regulating control (42,142,242,342,642,942) in described container (425,625,930,1030), described regulating control (42,142,242,342,642,942) regulates described reactant (36) to the supply of described composite (40).

15. 1 kinds of methods, comprising:

There is provided composite (40) to pallet loads, when described composite (40) is exposed to reactant (36), described composite heat release ground releasing heat is to described pallet loads; And

Regulate described reactant (36) to the supply of described composite (40).