CN104770828A - Fresh soapberry huller - Google Patents
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- CN104770828A CN104770828A CN201510182472.8A CN201510182472A CN104770828A CN 104770828 A CN104770828 A CN 104770828A CN 201510182472 A CN201510182472 A CN 201510182472A CN 104770828 A CN104770828 A CN 104770828A
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- 235000018324 Shepherdia canadensis Nutrition 0.000 title abstract 2
- 240000003377 Shepherdia canadensis Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000580938 Sapindus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000694414 Sapindus saponaria Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种新鲜无患子脱壳机包括支架、动力源、传动机构、进料装置及处理装置。动力源设置于支架上，传动机构包括曲轴连杆机构及链轮传动机构，曲轴连杆机构包括曲轴及连杆，链轮传动机构包括主动链轮、从动链轮及链条，进料装置包括进料斗、主轴、拨盘及进料通道，进料斗底部开设有出料口，处理装置包括推杆、导轨、处理斗、挡板、合页、扭簧、滑块、第一连杆及第二连杆，处理斗的相对两侧壁上分别开设有第一通孔及第二通孔，上述新鲜无患子脱壳机可以直接给新鲜无患子脱壳，因此节约了时间和人力成本。
A fresh soapberry shelling machine includes a support, a power source, a transmission mechanism, a feeding device and a processing device. The power source is set on the bracket. The transmission mechanism includes a crankshaft linkage mechanism and a sprocket transmission mechanism. The crankshaft linkage mechanism includes a crankshaft and a connecting rod. The sprocket transmission mechanism includes a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket and a chain. The feeding device includes Feeding hopper, spindle, dial and feeding channel, the bottom of the feeding hopper is provided with a discharge port, and the processing device includes push rod, guide rail, processing bucket, baffle, hinge, torsion spring, slider, first connecting rod and the second connecting rod, the opposite side walls of the processing bucket are respectively provided with a first through hole and a second through hole, and the above-mentioned fresh Sapindus sheller can directly shell fresh Sapindus, thus saving time and effort. Labor costs.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及脱壳机技术领域，特别是涉及一种新鲜无患子脱壳机。The invention relates to the technical field of shelling machines, in particular to a shelling machine for fresh sapindus chinensis.
背景技术Background technique
无患子在东南亚各国、我国长江流域及其以南各省区均有分布。其树形高大，绿荫稠密，不仅是优良的园林色叶绿化树种，而且它的木材、嫩叶、果核、果肉、种仁等在医药、日化、工艺品、能源开发等方面都有较高的经济价值，尤其是无患子的种子可以提炼生物质燃油，是具有广阔开发利用前景的经济树种。Sapindus is distributed in Southeast Asian countries, the Yangtze River Basin of my country and the provinces to the south of it. Its tree shape is tall and dense with green shade. It is not only an excellent tree species for garden color and leaf greening, but also its wood, young leaves, fruit stones, pulp, and seed kernels are widely used in medicine, daily chemicals, handicrafts, and energy development. High economic value, especially the seeds of Sapindus chinensis can be used to extract biomass fuel, and it is an economic tree species with broad development and utilization prospects.
传统给无患子脱壳的做法是先将无患子晒干，然后将晒干后的无患子进行脱壳。但是在晾晒的过程中，不但费时而且费力，不利于提高效率。The traditional method of shelling Sapindus chinensis is to dry Sapindus chinensis first, and then shell the dried Sapindus chinensis. However, in the process of drying, it is not only time-consuming but also laborious, which is not conducive to improving efficiency.
发明内容Contents of the invention
基于此，有必要针对上述问题，提供一种可以直接给新鲜无患子脱壳以节约时间和人力成本的新鲜无患子脱壳机。Based on this, it is necessary to address the above-mentioned problems and provide a fresh Sapindus shelling machine that can directly shell fresh Sapindus so as to save time and labor costs.
一种新鲜无患子脱壳机，包括：A fresh sapinberry shelling machine, comprising:
支架；bracket;
动力源，设置于所述支架上；The power source is arranged on the support;
传动机构，包括曲轴连杆机构及链轮传动机构，所述曲轴连杆机构包括曲轴及连杆，所述连杆的一端与所述曲轴连接，所述链轮传动机构包括主动链轮、从动链轮及链条，所述曲轴的一端与所述动力源连接，另一端与所述主动链轮相连，所述从动链轮通过所述链条随所述主动链轮的转动而转动；The transmission mechanism includes a crankshaft linkage mechanism and a sprocket transmission mechanism. The crankshaft linkage mechanism includes a crankshaft and a connecting rod. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the crankshaft. The sprocket transmission mechanism includes a driving sprocket, A moving sprocket and a chain, one end of the crankshaft is connected to the power source, the other end is connected to the driving sprocket, and the driven sprocket rotates with the rotation of the driving sprocket through the chain;
进料装置，包括进料斗、主轴、拨盘及进料通道，所述进料斗设置于所述支架上，用于盛放新鲜无患子，所述进料斗底部开设有出料口，所述进料通道设置于所述进料斗的底部，新鲜无患子由所述出料口进入所述进料通道，所述主轴可转动地设置于所述支架上，所述从动链轮套设于所述主轴上，所述主轴随所述从动链轮的转动而转动，所述拨盘套设于所述主轴上，所述拨盘随所述主轴的转动而转动，每一拨盘上设有多个拨动齿，所述拨盘上的多个拨动齿可通过所述出料口伸入所述进料斗中；及The feeding device includes a feeding hopper, a main shaft, a dial and a feeding channel. The feeding hopper is arranged on the support and is used to hold fresh Sapindus chinensis. The bottom of the feeding hopper is provided with a discharge port , the feed passage is arranged at the bottom of the feed hopper, fresh Sapindus enters the feed passage through the outlet, the main shaft is rotatably arranged on the support, and the driven The sprocket is sleeved on the main shaft, and the main shaft rotates with the rotation of the driven sprocket. The dial is sleeved on the main shaft, and the dial rotates with the rotation of the main shaft. Each dial is provided with a plurality of toggle teeth, and the plurality of toggle teeth on the dial can extend into the hopper through the discharge port; and
处理装置，包括推杆、导轨、处理斗、挡板、合页、扭簧、滑块、第一连杆及第二连杆，所述推杆的一端与所述连杆相连，所述导轨设置于所述支架上，所述推杆可在所述导轨内往返移动，所述处理斗设置于所述支架上且位于所述进料通道的下方，所述处理斗的相对两侧壁上分别开设有第一通孔及第二通孔，所述推杆的一端能够贯穿第一通孔及第二通孔，所述挡板通过所述合页可枢转的设置于所述处理斗底部，所述扭簧套设于所述合页的枢转轴上，且所述扭簧一边勾在所述合页上，另一边勾在所述挡板上，所述滑块设置于所述推杆上，所述第一连杆的一端可转动的设置于所述滑块上，所述第二连杆的一端可转动地设置于所述第一连杆的另一端，所述第二连杆的另一端可转动地设置于所述处理斗内壁，所述挡板设置于所述第一连杆与所述第二连杆的连接处。The processing device includes a push rod, a guide rail, a processing bucket, a baffle plate, a hinge, a torsion spring, a slider, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, one end of the push rod is connected with the connecting rod, and the guide rail It is arranged on the support, and the push rod can move back and forth in the guide rail. The processing hopper is arranged on the support and below the feeding channel. On the opposite side walls of the processing hopper A first through hole and a second through hole are opened respectively, one end of the push rod can pass through the first through hole and the second through hole, and the baffle is pivotally arranged on the processing bucket through the hinge. At the bottom, the torsion spring is sleeved on the pivot shaft of the hinge, and one side of the torsion spring is hooked on the hinge, and the other side is hooked on the baffle plate, and the slider is arranged on the On the push rod, one end of the first connecting rod is rotatably arranged on the slider, one end of the second connecting rod is rotatably arranged at the other end of the first connecting rod, and the second The other end of the connecting rod is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the processing bucket, and the baffle is arranged at the joint of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod.
在其中一个实施例中，还包括变频器，所述变频器用于调整动力源的转速。In one of the embodiments, a frequency converter is also included, and the frequency converter is used to adjust the rotation speed of the power source.
在其中一个实施例中，所述主动链轮与所述曲轴之间还设置有减速器，所述减速器用于降低所述主动链轮的转速。In one of the embodiments, a reducer is further arranged between the drive sprocket and the crankshaft, and the reducer is used to reduce the rotation speed of the drive sprocket.
在其中一个实施例中，所述推杆的数量为多个，多个所述推杆的一端固定于一支撑杆上，所述支撑杆与所述连杆相连，所述导轨、处理斗、挡板、合页、扭簧、滑块、第一连杆及第二连杆的数量与所述推杆的数量相对应。In one of the embodiments, the number of the push rods is multiple, and one end of the plurality of push rods is fixed on a support rod, and the support rod is connected with the connecting rod. The guide rail, the processing bucket, The quantity of the baffle plate, the hinge, the torsion spring, the slider, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod corresponds to the quantity of the push rod.
在其中一个实施例中，所述进料通道为弧形结构。In one of the embodiments, the feed channel is an arc structure.
在其中一个实施例中，还包括收集装置，所述收集装置包括果肉收集器及果核收集器，所述果肉收集器设置于所述处理斗底部，所述果核收集器设置于所述处理斗的前方。In one of the embodiments, it also includes a collection device, the collection device includes a pulp collector and a fruit stone collector, the pulp collector is arranged at the bottom of the processing bucket, and the fruit stone collector is arranged at the bottom of the processing bucket. front of the bucket.
在其中一个实施例中，还包括导料板，所述导料板设置于所述支架上，且位于所述处理斗底部，用于引导无患子的果核进入所述果核收集器中。In one of the embodiments, it also includes a material guide plate, the material guide plate is arranged on the support, and is located at the bottom of the processing hopper, and is used to guide the fruit stones of Sapinberry to enter the fruit stone collector .
在其中一个实施例中，所述第二连杆位于所述处理斗内壁的端部还设置有刮片，所述刮片收容于所述处理斗中，且所述刮片贴附所述处理斗的内壁设置。In one of the embodiments, the end of the second connecting rod located on the inner wall of the processing bucket is further provided with a scraper, the scraper is accommodated in the processing bucket, and the scraper is attached to the processing bucket. The inner wall of the bucket is set.
在其中一个实施例中，所述主轴的两端通过轴承及轴承座设置于所述支架上。In one of the embodiments, both ends of the main shaft are arranged on the support through bearings and bearing seats.
在其中一个实施例中，所述动力源为电动机，所述电动机通过联轴器与所述曲轴相连。In one of the embodiments, the power source is an electric motor, and the electric motor is connected to the crankshaft through a coupling.
上述新鲜无患子脱壳机至少具有以下优点：The above-mentioned fresh Sapinberry shelling machine has at least the following advantages:
将新鲜无患子置于进料斗中，动力源提供动力，曲轴连杆机构带动推杆沿导轨运动；曲轴连杆机构同时带动主动链轮运动，主动链轮通过链条带动从动链轮转动，将动力传递至主轴上，使主轴转动，主轴转动带动拨盘转动从而使进料斗中的新鲜无患子按顺序通过出料口进入进料通道，然后落入到处理斗中，此时挡板封闭处理斗的底部；当推杆沿导轨向前运动至工作行程时，推杆的一端通过第一通孔伸入处理斗内，挤压停留在处理斗中的新鲜无患子，新鲜无患子的果核经由第二通孔排出到处理斗外侧，果肉此时还停留在处理斗中；当推杆沿导轨向后运动时，通过滑块带动第一连杆、第二连杆转动，从而带动挡板绕合页旋转，此时挡板打开，果肉在自身重力往下落离开处理斗。当推杆向前运动到空行程时，挡板在扭簧的作用下迅速封闭处理斗底部，等待下一次落料，然后推杆向后运动至初始位置开始进行下一个工作周期。上述新鲜无患子脱壳机可以直接给新鲜无患子脱壳，因此节约了时间和人力成本。Put the fresh Sapindus in the feeding hopper, the power source provides the power, the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism drives the push rod to move along the guide rail; the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism drives the driving sprocket to move at the same time, and the driving sprocket drives the driven sprocket to rotate through the chain , the power is transmitted to the main shaft, so that the main shaft rotates, and the rotation of the main shaft drives the dial to rotate, so that the fresh Sapindus in the feeding hopper enters the feeding channel through the discharge port in sequence, and then falls into the processing hopper. The baffle plate closes the bottom of the processing bucket; when the push rod moves forward along the guide rail to the working stroke, one end of the push rod extends into the processing bucket through the first through hole, squeezing the fresh Sapindus chinensis staying in the processing bucket, fresh Sapindus fruit core is discharged to the outside of the processing bucket through the second through hole, and the pulp is still in the processing bucket at this time; when the push rod moves backward along the guide rail, the slider drives the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod Rotate to drive the baffle to rotate around the hinge. At this time, the baffle is opened, and the pulp falls away from the processing bucket under its own gravity. When the push rod moves forward to the empty stroke, the baffle quickly closes the bottom of the processing bucket under the action of the torsion spring, waiting for the next blanking, and then the push rod moves backward to the initial position to start the next working cycle. The above-mentioned fresh Sapindus sheller can directly shell fresh Sapindus, thus saving time and labor costs.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为一实施方式中的新鲜无患子脱壳机的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the fresh Sapindus huller in one embodiment;
图2为图1所示新鲜无患子脱壳机的另一视角的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of another perspective of the fresh Sapindus husker shown in Fig. 1;
图3为图2中的A处的局部放大图。FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of A in FIG. 2 .
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明。但是本发明能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施，本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似改进，因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施的限制。In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, specific implementations of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described here, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific implementations disclosed below.
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的，并不表示是唯一的实施方式。It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being “fixed” to another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can also be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions are used herein for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to represent the only embodiments.
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the technical field of the invention. The terms used herein in the description of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only, and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
请参阅图1至图3，为一实施方式中的新鲜无患子脱壳机10。该新鲜无患子脱壳机10专门为新鲜的无患子设计，新鲜的无患子水分含量相较于晒干的无患子要多的多，果核与果肉之间的结合力较小，间距较大，因此采用杆状推杆直接捅切无患子，使果核和果肉相分离。请参阅图1，新鲜无患子脱壳机10包括支架100、动力源200、传动机构300、进料装置400、处理装置500、收集装置600及导料板700(见图2)。Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , which are a fresh Sapinberry shelling machine 10 in an embodiment. The fresh Sapinberry shelling machine 10 is specially designed for fresh Sapindus, the water content of fresh Sapindus is much higher than that of dried Sapindus, and the binding force between the core and the pulp is relatively small , the spacing is relatively large, so a rod-shaped push rod is used to directly poke and cut Sapindus chinensis, so that the core and pulp are separated. Please refer to FIG. 1 , the fresh Sapinberry shelling machine 10 includes a support 100 , a power source 200 , a transmission mechanism 300 , a feeding device 400 , a processing device 500 , a collecting device 600 and a material guide plate 700 (see FIG. 2 ).
支架100主要起支撑作用，用于支撑动力源200、传动机构300、进料装置400、处理装置500及导料板700。支架100主要包括多根横杆110、多根纵杆120及多根竖杆130，横杆110、纵杆120及竖杆130有机组合，构成支架100。The bracket 100 is mainly used for supporting the power source 200 , the transmission mechanism 300 , the feeding device 400 , the processing device 500 and the material guide plate 700 . The bracket 100 mainly includes a plurality of horizontal bars 110 , a plurality of vertical bars 120 and a plurality of vertical bars 130 . The horizontal bars 110 , the vertical bars 120 and the vertical bars 130 are organically combined to form the bracket 100 .
动力源200设置于支架100上，动力源200为整个新鲜无患子脱壳机10提供动力。具体地，动力源200可以为电动机。具体到本实施方式中，还可以包括变频器(图未示)，变频器用于调整电动机的频率和速度。电动机转速经变频器调速后将至60RPM。The power source 200 is arranged on the support 100 , and the power source 200 provides power for the whole fresh Sapindelle husker 10 . Specifically, the power source 200 may be an electric motor. Specifically, in this embodiment, a frequency converter (not shown in the figure) may also be included, and the frequency converter is used to adjust the frequency and speed of the motor. The motor speed will be reduced to 60RPM after being regulated by the frequency converter.
传动机构300包括曲轴连杆机构310及链轮传动机构320。曲轴连杆机构310包括曲轴311及连杆312，连杆312的一端与曲轴311相连。链轮传动机构320包括主动链轮321、从动链轮322及链条(图未示)，曲轴311的一端与动力源200相连接，另一端与主动链轮321相连，从动链轮322通过链条随主动链轮321的转动而转动。具体地，曲轴311的一端通过联轴器330与动力源200相连，主动链轮321与曲轴之间还设置有减速器340，减速器340(见图2)用于降低主动链轮321的转速。减速的传动比可以为2∶1，主动链轮321与从动链轮322的传动比为3∶1。The transmission mechanism 300 includes a crankshaft linkage mechanism 310 and a sprocket transmission mechanism 320 . The crankshaft-link mechanism 310 includes a crankshaft 311 and a connecting rod 312 , and one end of the connecting rod 312 is connected to the crankshaft 311 . The sprocket transmission mechanism 320 includes a driving sprocket 321, a driven sprocket 322 and a chain (not shown), one end of the crankshaft 311 is connected with the power source 200, the other end is connected with the driving sprocket 321, and the driven sprocket 322 passes through The chain rotates with the rotation of the drive sprocket 321 . Specifically, one end of the crankshaft 311 is connected to the power source 200 through a coupling 330, and a speed reducer 340 is also arranged between the driving sprocket 321 and the crankshaft. The speed reducer 340 (see FIG. 2 ) is used to reduce the speed of the driving sprocket 321. . The transmission ratio of deceleration can be 2:1, and the transmission ratio of driving sprocket 321 and driven sprocket 322 is 3:1.
进料装置400设置于支架100上，进料装置400包括进料斗410、主轴420、拨盘430及进料通道440。进料斗410设置于支架100上，用于盛放新鲜无患子，进料斗410底部开设有出料口411(见图2)。进料通道440设置于进料斗410的底部，新鲜无患子由出料口411进入进料通道440。主轴420设置于支架100上，具体地，主轴420的两端通过轴承421及轴承座422设置于支架100上，从而使主轴420可以相对于支架100转动。The feeding device 400 is disposed on the support 100 , and the feeding device 400 includes a feeding hopper 410 , a spindle 420 , a dial 430 and a feeding channel 440 . The feeding hopper 410 is arranged on the bracket 100 and is used to hold fresh Sapindus chinensis. The bottom of the feeding hopper 410 is provided with an outlet 411 (see FIG. 2 ). The feed channel 440 is arranged at the bottom of the feed hopper 410 , and fresh Sapindus chinensis enters the feed channel 440 through the discharge port 411 . The main shaft 420 is disposed on the support 100 , specifically, both ends of the main shaft 420 are disposed on the support 100 through bearings 421 and bearing seats 422 , so that the main shaft 420 can rotate relative to the support 100 .
从动链轮322套设于主轴420上，主轴420随从动链轮322的转动而转动，动力从动力源200经由链轮传动机构320传递至主轴420上。拨盘430套设于主轴420上，拨盘430随主轴420的转动而转动，拨盘430上的多个拨动齿431可通过出料口411伸入进料斗410中。随着拨盘430的转动，拨盘430的多个拨动齿431依次伸入进料斗410中，两个拨动齿431之间承载一个无患子，无患子随着拨盘430的转动而从出料口411中流出进入进料通道440中。进料通道440可以为弧形结构，使无患子不会轻易堵在出料口411处，保证无患子顺畅的从出料口411处流出。The driven sprocket 322 is sleeved on the main shaft 420 , the main shaft 420 rotates with the rotation of the driven sprocket 322 , and the power is transmitted from the power source 200 to the main shaft 420 through the sprocket transmission mechanism 320 . The dial 430 is sleeved on the main shaft 420 , and the dial 430 rotates with the rotation of the main shaft 420 . A plurality of toggle teeth 431 on the dial 430 can extend into the feeding hopper 410 through the outlet 411 . Along with the rotation of the dial 430, a plurality of toggle teeth 431 of the dial 430 extend into the hopper 410 in turn, and a Sapindus is carried between the two toggle teeth 431, and the Sapindus follows the movement of the dial 430. Rotate to flow out from the discharge port 411 into the feed channel 440 . The feeding channel 440 can be an arc structure, so that the Sapindus will not be easily blocked at the outlet 411 , and ensure that the Sapindus flows out from the outlet 411 smoothly.
处理装置500设置于支架100上，处理装置500包括推杆510、导轨520、处理斗530、挡板540、合页550、扭簧560、滑块570、第一连杆580及第二连杆590。推杆510的一端与连杆312相连，导轨520设置于支架100上，推杆510可在导轨520内往返移动。具体地，推杆510的数量为多个，多个推杆510的一端固定于一支撑杆510a上，支撑杆510a与连杆312相连，导轨520、处理斗530、挡板540、合页550、扭簧560、滑块570、第一连杆580及第二连杆590的数量与推杆510的数量相对应。处理斗530设置于支架100上且位于进料通道440的下方，处理斗530的相对两侧壁上分别开设有第一通孔531及第二通孔532，推杆510的一端能够贯穿第一通孔531及第二通孔532。The processing device 500 is arranged on the support 100, and the processing device 500 includes a push rod 510, a guide rail 520, a processing bucket 530, a baffle plate 540, a hinge 550, a torsion spring 560, a slider 570, a first connecting rod 580 and a second connecting rod 590. One end of the push rod 510 is connected to the connecting rod 312 , the guide rail 520 is arranged on the bracket 100 , and the push rod 510 can move back and forth in the guide rail 520 . Specifically, there are multiple push rods 510, one end of the multiple push rods 510 is fixed on a support rod 510a, the support rod 510a is connected with the connecting rod 312, the guide rail 520, the processing bucket 530, the baffle plate 540, and the hinge 550 , the torsion spring 560 , the slider 570 , the first connecting rod 580 and the second connecting rod 590 correspond to the number of the push rods 510 . The processing hopper 530 is arranged on the support 100 and is located below the feeding channel 440. The opposite side walls of the processing hopper 530 are respectively provided with a first through hole 531 and a second through hole 532, and one end of the push rod 510 can pass through the first through hole 530. The through hole 531 and the second through hole 532 .
请一并参阅图3，挡板540通过合页550可枢转的设置于处理斗530底部，挡板540可封闭处理斗530底部。扭簧560套设于合页550的枢转轴上，且扭簧560一边勾在合页550上，另一边勾在挡板540上。滑块570设置于推杆510上，滑块570可随推杆510的往复移动而移动。第一连杆580的一端可转动的设置于滑块570上(图3中省去了一第一连杆580，以露出滑块570方便查看)，第二连杆590的一端可转动地设置于第一连杆580的另一端，第二连杆590的另一端可转动地设置于处理斗530内壁，挡板540设置于第一连杆580与第二连杆590的连接处。第二连杆590位于处理斗530内壁的端部还设置有刮片563，刮片563收容于处理斗530中，且刮片563贴附处理斗530的内壁设置。Please also refer to FIG. 3 , the baffle 540 is pivotally disposed at the bottom of the processing bucket 530 through the hinge 550 , and the baffle 540 can close the bottom of the processing bucket 530 . The torsion spring 560 is sheathed on the pivot shaft of the hinge 550 , and one side of the torsion spring 560 is hooked on the hinge 550 , and the other side is hooked on the baffle 540 . The slider 570 is disposed on the push rod 510 , and the slider 570 can move along with the reciprocating movement of the push rod 510 . One end of the first connecting rod 580 is rotatably arranged on the slide block 570 (a first connecting rod 580 is omitted in Fig. 3 to expose the slide block 570 for easy inspection), and one end of the second connecting rod 590 is rotatably arranged On the other end of the first connecting rod 580 , the other end of the second connecting rod 590 is rotatably disposed on the inner wall of the processing bucket 530 , and the baffle 540 is disposed at the joint of the first connecting rod 580 and the second connecting rod 590 . The end of the second connecting rod 590 located at the inner wall of the processing bucket 530 is also provided with a scraper 563 , the scraper 563 is accommodated in the processing bucket 530 , and the scraper 563 is attached to the inner wall of the processing bucket 530 .
当推杆510向后运动时，滑块570随推杆510向后移动，滑块570带动第一连杆580运动，第一连杆580带动第二连杆590运动，第一连杆580及第二连杆590带动挡板540绕合页550的轴旋转，此时挡板540旋转，处理斗530底部不被密封，第二连杆590的另一端沿处理斗530的内壁向下运动。当第二连杆590的一端沿处理斗530的内壁向下运动时，可带动刮片563向下运动，清理处理斗530内侧残留果肉。When the push rod 510 moves backward, the slider 570 moves backward with the push rod 510, the slider 570 drives the first connecting rod 580 to move, the first connecting rod 580 drives the second connecting rod 590 to move, the first connecting rod 580 and The second connecting rod 590 drives the baffle plate 540 to rotate around the axis of the hinge 550. At this time, the baffle plate 540 rotates, the bottom of the processing bucket 530 is not sealed, and the other end of the second connecting rod 590 moves downward along the inner wall of the processing bucket 530. When one end of the second connecting rod 590 moves downward along the inner wall of the processing bucket 530 , it can drive the scraper 563 to move downward to clean the remaining pulp inside the processing bucket 530 .
收集装置600设置于地面，具体地，收集装置600包括果肉收集器610及核收集器620。果肉收集器610设置于处理斗530底部，果肉收集器610用于收集直接从处理斗530掉落的果肉。果核收集器620设置于处理斗530的前方，果核在推杆510的挤压下由第二通孔532排出，在推杆510的作用下，果核会向前排出。具体到本实施方式中，还包括导料板700，导料板700设置于支架100上，且位于处理斗530底部，用于引导无患子的果核进入果核收集器620中。The collecting device 600 is arranged on the ground, specifically, the collecting device 600 includes a pulp collector 610 and a core collector 620 . The pulp collector 610 is arranged at the bottom of the processing bucket 530 , and the pulp collector 610 is used to collect the pulp directly falling from the processing bucket 530 . The fruit core collector 620 is arranged in front of the processing bucket 530, and the fruit core is expelled from the second through hole 532 under the extrusion of the push rod 510, and under the action of the push rod 510, the fruit core will be discharged forward. Specifically, in this embodiment, a material guide plate 700 is also included. The material guide plate 700 is arranged on the support 100 and located at the bottom of the processing bucket 530 , and is used to guide the Sapinberry fruit core into the fruit core collector 620 .
上述新鲜无患子脱壳机10至少具有以下优点：The above-mentioned fresh Sapinberry shelling machine 10 has at least the following advantages:
将新鲜无患子置于进料斗410中，动力源200提供动力，曲轴连杆机构310带动推杆510沿导轨520运动；曲轴连杆机构310同时带动主动链轮321运动，主动链轮321通过链条带动从动链轮322转动，将动力传递至主轴420上，使主轴420转动，主轴420转动带动拨盘430转动从而使进料斗410中的新鲜无患子按顺序通过出料口411进入进料通道440，然后落入到处理斗530中，此时挡板540封闭处理斗530的底部；当推杆510沿导轨520向前运动至工作行程时，推杆510的一端通过第一通孔531伸入处理斗530内，挤压停留在处理斗530中的新鲜无患子，新鲜无患子的果核经由第二通孔532排出到处理斗530外侧，果肉此时还停留在处理斗530中；当推杆510沿导轨520向后运动时，通过第一连杆580及第二连杆590带动挡板540绕合页550旋转，此时挡板540打开，果肉在自身重力往下落离开处理斗530。当推杆510向前运动到空行程时，挡板540在扭簧560的作用下迅速封闭处理斗530，等待下一次落料，然后推杆510向后运动至初始位置开始进行下一个工作周期。上述新鲜无患子脱壳机10可以直接给新鲜无患子脱壳，因此节约了时间和人力成本。Fresh Sapindus is placed in the feed hopper 410, the power source 200 provides power, and the crankshaft linkage mechanism 310 drives the push rod 510 to move along the guide rail 520; the crankshaft linkage mechanism 310 simultaneously drives the driving sprocket 321 to move, and the driving sprocket 321 The chain drives the driven sprocket 322 to rotate, and the power is transmitted to the main shaft 420, so that the main shaft 420 rotates, and the main shaft 420 rotates to drive the dial 430 to rotate, so that the fresh Sapindus chinensis in the feeding hopper 410 passes through the discharge port 411 in sequence Enter the feed channel 440, then fall into the processing bucket 530, at this time the bottom of the baffle plate 540 closed processing bucket 530; when the push rod 510 moved forward along the guide rail 520 to the working stroke, one end of the push rod 510 passed through the first The through hole 531 stretches into the processing bucket 530 to extrude the fresh Sapindus sapindus staying in the processing bucket 530, and the fresh Sapindus fruit core is discharged to the outside of the processing bucket 530 through the second through hole 532, and the pulp still stays in the processing bucket 530 at this time. In the processing bucket 530; when the push rod 510 moved backward along the guide rail 520, the first connecting rod 580 and the second connecting rod 590 drove the baffle plate 540 to rotate around the hinge 550. Falling away from the disposal bucket 530. When the push rod 510 moves forward to the idle stroke, the baffle plate 540 quickly closes the processing bucket 530 under the action of the torsion spring 560, waiting for the next blanking, and then the push rod 510 moves backward to the initial position to start the next working cycle . The above-mentioned fresh Sapindus sheller 10 can directly shell fresh Sapindus, thus saving time and labor costs.
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation modes of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the patent scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent for the present invention should be based on the appended claims.
Claims (10)
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| CN106617133A (en) * | 2016-10-15 | 2017-05-10 | 北京林业大学 | Cutting, rubbing and grinding type Chinese soapberry fruit husking machine |
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| CN104770828B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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