CN104756841B - Reduce the soilless culture method of Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade nitrate - Google Patents
Reduce the soilless culture method of Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade nitrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN104756841B CN104756841B CN201510125427.9A CN201510125427A CN104756841B CN 104756841 B CN104756841 B CN 104756841B CN 201510125427 A CN201510125427 A CN 201510125427A CN 104756841 B CN104756841 B CN 104756841B
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- Prior art keywords
- caulis
- lactucae sativae
- folium lactucae
- seed
- seedlings
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- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 235000010582 Pisum sativum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 240000002799 Prunus avium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 235000006140 Raphanus sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 235000019693 cherries Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000422 nocturnal Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000219843 Pisum Species 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000021384 green leafy vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003203 everyday Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004083 survival Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005068 transpiration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000220259 Raphanus Species 0.000 claims 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- -1 hydrogen Sodium hydroxide Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 240000007742 Raphanus sativus Species 0.000 abstract description 19
- 240000004713 Pisum sativum Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000014075 nitrogen utilization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000006008 Brassica napus var napus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000009114 investigational therapy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000015802 Lactuca sativa var crispa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000004201 Lactuca sativa var. crispa Species 0.000 description 1
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037039 plant physiology Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention discloses the soilless culture method reducing Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade nitrate, it is intended to overcome prior art to there is the problem that nitrate content in Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae is higher.The step of the method is as follows: 1. seed soaks and accelerating germination；2. nursery in growth cabinet: 1) the plastic nutritional alms bowl being sown into seed is put into growth cabinet, day temperature is 25～30 DEG C, illuminance 5～6 grades, and nocturnal temperature is 15～20 DEG C, illuminance 0 grade, and relative humidity is 70～80%RH；2) treat that Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, Plantula Brassicae chinensis and cherry radish grow 3～4 true leaves, prepare when pea seedlings plant height reaches 5～6cm to transplant seedlings；3) for ensureing that crop can be transplanted seedlings simultaneously, Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae and Plantula Brassicae chinensis, cherry radish carry out nursery with a collection of, and pea seedlings then should carry out nursery by late 15 ± 1d；3. transplant seedlings；4. prepare before field planting；5. field planting；6. set planting environment；7. the pH of nutritional solution and electrical conductivity i.e. EC value in regulation aerial fog cultivation case；8. plant is gathered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the soilless culture method of a kind of vegetable, reduce Chinese leaf it more particularly relates to a kind of
The soilless culture method of sheet nitrate.
Background technology
Soilless culture be a kind of without soil by nutritional solution or the planting technology of solid matrix Ensure Liquid liquid raise crop.
Since 20 century 70s, China starts to apply this technology aborning, and the exploitation application of this technology at present has been achieved with
Good result.Aerial fog cultivation, as the one of soilless culture, is that to utilize sprayer unit be little droplet shape by nutrient liquid atomizing, directly
Connect and be ejected into root system of plant to provide the moisture needed for plant growing and the technology of nutrient, have that yield is high, benefit is big, water saving joint
The features such as fertile, minimizing pest and disease damage, are the trend of the future of agriculture development.But, owing to generally using nitrate conduct in cultivation
Nitrogen source, the nitrate content in vegetable is the highest, and the nitrate that human body is taken in mostlys come from vegetable, therefore reduces vegetable
Nitrate content becomes problem demanding prompt solution.Investigation shows, fruit vegetables nitrate content is relatively low, and Chinese residents
The nitrate content of the leaf vegetables that consumption figure is bigger is the highest, should cause the enough attention of people.
Catch cropping be on same field in same trophophase branch or point band two or more crop of alternate plantation
Planting patterns.The ability of Different Crop competition for nutrients in Intercropping System, absorb the time of nutrient peak value, period of maturation, take root deep
Degree and Root Distribution are the most different, thus can utilize the nutrient of different levels, region and different shape, to reduce the nutrition between planting
Competition, thus promote the formation of interculture nutrien utilization advantage.Through the effort of domestic and international researcher, some tests are
Verified catch cropping can reduce the nitrate content in soil and vegetable, but catch cropping is applied in the aerial fog cultivation of Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae the most not
Appear in the newspapers.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to overcome prior art to there is higher the asking of nitrate content in Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae
Topic, it is provided that a kind of soilless culture method reducing Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade nitrate.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization: described reduction Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade
The step of the soilless culture method of nitrate is as follows:
1) seed soaks and accelerating germination, and step is as follows:
(1) seed is put into immersion 15min in 55 DEG C of warm water, is stirred continuously, then clear water under 10～30 DEG C of environmental conditions
Seed soaking 0～24h, allows seed fully absorb moisture；
(2) with clean wet gauze parcel seed accelerating germination 1～2day in the calorstat of 28 DEG C～30 DEG C, 80～90% are treated
During seed opening dew bud, it is sown in plastic nutritional alms bowl, in every alms bowl, is sown into 1～2 seed；
(3) seed soaking time is different because of kind, and Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae and Plantula Brassicae chinensis seed are not soaked seed direct accelerating germination, cherry radish seed-soaking 6h
～8h, pea seed seed soaking 20h～24h；
2) nursery in growth cabinet, step is as follows:
(1) the plastic nutritional alms bowl being sown into seed being put into growth cabinet nursery, day temperature controls 25～30
DEG C, illuminance 5～6 grades, nocturnal temperature controls 15～20 DEG C, illuminance 0 grade, and relative humidity controls 70～80%RH；
(2) treat that Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, Plantula Brassicae chinensis and cherry radish grow 3～4 true leaves, prepare when pea seedlings plant height reaches 5～6cm to transplant seedlings；
(3) for ensureing that crop can be transplanted seedlings simultaneously, Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae and Plantula Brassicae chinensis, cherry radish carry out nursery with a collection of, and pea seedlings is then
Should 15 ± 1d nursery in evening；
3) transplant seedlings；
4) prepare before field planting；
5) field planting；
6) planting environment is set；
7) pH value of nutritional solution and electrical conductivity i.e. EC value in regulation aerial fog cultivation case；
8) plant is gathered.
The step transplanted seedlings described in technical scheme is as follows:
1) forward direction soil of transplanting seedlings fully waters, and reduces the damage to root when transplanting seedlings；
2) separate soil and root system to be transplanted seedlings gently, then clean root system to be transplanted seedlings, during guarantee the complete of plant root
Whole；
3) this process i.e. 17:00～19:00 or cloudy day between the lights is carried out, and now the transpiration of plant weakens, and improves
The survival rate transplanted seedlings.
The step prepared before field planting described in technical scheme is as follows:
1) moving into the leaf vegetables nutritional solution of 1/3～1/2 volume in aerial fog cultivation case, nutritional solution liquid level is the highest is not to be exceeded gas
Fog-spray nozzle in mist cultivation case；
2) arranging circulation spraying intervalometer, daytime, night was for spray at interval of 60min in order to spray 15min at interval of 15min
5min。
In leaf vegetables nutritional solution described in technical scheme, a great number of elements uses Japan's garden formula formula, and trace element formula uses
Huo Lande general formulation, unit is mg/L, as follows:
Japan's garden formula formula
Huo Lande general formulation
The step of the field planting described in technical scheme is as follows:
1) use the plant holder matched with aerial fog cultivation case to fix collar portion to be transplanted seedlings, then fill in aerial fog cultivation
In field planting hole on case, the plant holder matched with aerial fog cultivation case uses ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer foamed material
Make；
2) on an aerial fog cultivation case, Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae and Plantula Brassicae chinensis, cherry radish or pea seedlings are moved into, with 1:1 ratio catch cropping, with
Time on another aerial fog cultivation case, all move into Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, as a control group；
3) diameter 6cm, the plant holder of thick 1.5cm are applicable to the aerial fog cultivation case field planting of a diameter of 5.5～5.9cm
Hole.
The step setting planting environment described in technical scheme is as follows:
Cultivating under the conditions of aerial fog cultivation case is positioned over greenhouse, greenhouse is set as day temperature 25 ± 2
DEG C, nocturnal temperature 15 ± 2 DEG C.
In regulation aerial fog cultivation case described in technical scheme, the pH value of nutritional solution is as follows with the step of electrical conductivity i.e. EC value:
1) probe of portable acidity meter is inserted in nutritional solution, directly read after stable reading nutritional solution pH value and
EC value；
2) measure the pH value of nutritional solution in aerial fog cultivation case every day, by add 1～2mol/L sulfuric acid solution or add 1～
2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution regulation pH value, makes the pH value of nutritional solution control 5.8～6.2；
3) measure the EC value of nutritional solution in aerial fog cultivation case every day, by adding water or Ensure Liquid liquid regulation EC value, make nutrition
The EC value of liquid controls at 1900～2300 μ S/cm.
The step that plant described in technical scheme is gathered is as follows:
1) treat that Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, Plantula Brassicae chinensis and cherry radish field planting 30～50d can be gathered；
2) when pea seedlings plant height reaches about 15cm, pea seedlings is cut i.e. edible from base portion, pea seedlings base after 2～3d
Portion can grow again tender shoots, such Repeated Harvesting and growth.
Compared with prior art the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The soilless culture method of reduction Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade nitrate the most of the present invention is simple to operate, only need to be at original gas
On the basis of mist cultivation, suitable for crop is selected to carry out reasonable catch cropping with main cultivation crop.
The soilless culture method of reduction Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade nitrate the most of the present invention remain the yield of aerial fog cultivation high,
The advantages such as the advantages such as water-saving fertilizer-saving, minimizing pest and disease damage and the luminous energy of rationally catch cropping and plant recovery of nutrient is high, economic benefit height.
3. the Weight per plant of the Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae that the soilless culture method of employing reduction Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade nitrate of the present invention obtains
Apparently higher than nonoculture Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, improving activity of root system is remarkably reinforced, and nitrogen utilization efficiency is also improved, and the nitrate content of Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade is but
Have and be decreased obviously.The Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae i.e. using the soilless culture method of reduction Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade nitrate of the present invention to obtain has good
Good adaptive capacity to environment and resource utilization, its yield and quality is obtained for effective guarantee, can be that people provide safety to put
The vegetable soilless culture of the heart.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the FB(flow block) of the soilless culture method of reduction Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade nitrate of the present invention；
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is explained in detail:
Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, has another name called Leaf lettuce, because it is of high nutritive value, is deeply liked by consumer.This is normal to the present invention is directed to Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae
See leaf vegetables, catch cropping is applied in aerial fog cultivation, preferably go out Plantula Brassicae chinensis, cherry radish, Semen Pisi sativi according to the data collected
The Vegetables such as Seedling and Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae catch cropping, propose a kind of effective and simple to operate soilless culture side reducing Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade nitrate
Method, the safety for vegetable soilless culture provides safeguard, and provides certain theoretical foundation for further investigation further simultaneously.
The step of the soilless culture method reducing Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade nitrate is as follows:
1. seed soaks and accelerating germination
1) seed is put into immersion 15min in 55 DEG C of warm water, is stirred continuously, then clear water leaching under 10～30 DEG C of environmental conditions
Plant 0～24h, allow seed fully absorb moisture；
2) with the accelerating germination 1～2d in the calorstat of 28～30 DEG C of clean wet gauze parcel seed (my god), treat 80～90%
During seed opening dew bud, it is sown in plastic nutritional alms bowl, in every alms bowl, is sown into 1～2 seed.
3) concrete seed soaking time is different because of kind, as Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, Plantula Brassicae chinensis seed can not be soaked seed direct accelerating germination, and cherry radish seed
General seed soaking 6～8h, pea seed typically soaks seed 20～24h.
2. nursery in growth cabinet
1) the plastic nutritional alms bowl being sown into seed being put into growth cabinet nursery, day temperature controls 25～30
DEG C, illuminance 5～6 grades, nocturnal temperature controls 15～20 DEG C, illuminance 0 grade, and relative humidity controls 70～80% the most always
RH。
2) treat that Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, Plantula Brassicae chinensis and cherry radish grow 3～4 true leaves, prepare when pea seedlings plant height reaches 5～6cm to transplant seedlings.
3) for ensureing that crop can be transplanted seedlings simultaneously, Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae and Plantula Brassicae chinensis, cherry radish carry out nursery with a collection of, and pea seedlings is then
Nursery should be carried out by late 15 ± 1d.
3. transplant seedlings
1) forward direction soil of transplanting seedlings fully waters, and reduces the damage to root when transplanting seedlings.
2) separate soil and root system to be transplanted seedlings gently, then clean root system to be transplanted seedlings, during guarantee the complete of plant root
Whole.
3) this process the most i.e. 17:00～19:00 or cloudy day is carried out, because now the transpiration of plant subtracts
Weak, improve the survival rate transplanted seedlings.
4. prepare before field planting
1) moving into the leaf vegetables nutritional solution of 1/3～1/2 volume in aerial fog cultivation case, nutritional solution liquid level is the highest is not to be exceeded gas
Fog-spray nozzle in mist cultivation case.
2) arranging circulation spraying intervalometer, daytime, night was for spray at interval of 60min in order to spray 15min at interval of 15min
5min。
5. field planting
1) use the plant holder matched with aerial fog cultivation case to fix collar portion to be transplanted seedlings, then fill in aerial fog cultivation
In field planting hole on case, the plant holder matched with aerial fog cultivation case uses ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer foamed material
Make.
2) on an aerial fog cultivation case, Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae and Plantula Brassicae chinensis, cherry radish or pea seedlings are moved into, with 1:1 ratio catch cropping, with
Time on another aerial fog cultivation case, all move into Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, as a control group, complete field planting.
3) general diameter 6cm, the plant holder of thick 1.5cm are applicable to the aerial fog cultivation case field planting of diameter 5.5～5.9cm
Hole.
6. set planting environment
Cultivate under the conditions of aerial fog cultivation case is positioned over greenhouse.Greenhouse is set as day temperature 25 ± 2
DEG C, nocturnal temperature 15 ± 2 DEG C.
7. the pH value of nutritional solution and electrical conductivity (EC) value in regulation aerial fog cultivation case
1) probe of portable acidity meter is inserted in nutritional solution, directly read after stable reading nutritional solution pH value and
EC value.
2) measure the pH value of nutritional solution in aerial fog cultivation case every day, by add 1～2mol/L sulfuric acid solution or add 1～
2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution regulation pH value, makes the pH value of nutritional solution control 5.8～6.2；
3) measure the EC value of nutritional solution in aerial fog cultivation case every day, by adding water or Ensure Liquid liquid regulation EC value, make nutrition
The EC value of liquid controls at 1900～2300 μ S/cm.
8. plant is gathered
1) treat that Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, Plantula Brassicae chinensis and cherry radish field planting 30～50d can be gathered；
2) when pea seedlings plant height reaches about 15cm, pea seedlings is cut i.e. edible from base portion, pea seedlings base after 2～3d
Portion can grow again tender shoots, such Repeated Harvesting and growth.
Embodiment 1
The step of the soilless culture method reducing Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade nitrate is as follows:
1. seed soaks and accelerating germination
1) Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae seed is put into immersion 15min in 55 DEG C of warm water, is stirred continuously；
2) with clean wet gauze parcel seed accelerating germination about 1d in the calorstat of 28 DEG C, 80～90% seed opening are treated
During dew bud, it is sown in plastic nutritional alms bowl, in every alms bowl, is sown into 1～2 seed.
3) operation syngenesis colza of cherry radish seed, different places is that cherry radish seed need to be at 10～30 DEG C of environment
Under the conditions of Seed soaking 6～8h, allow seed fully absorb moisture.
2. nursery in growth cabinet
1) the plastic nutritional alms bowl being sown into seed is put into growth cabinet nursery.Day temperature controls at 26 DEG C, light
Illumination 5 grades, nocturnal temperature controls 16 DEG C, illuminance 0 grade, and relative humidity controls at 80%RH the most always.
2) prepare to transplant seedlings when Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae and cherry radish grow 3～4 true leaves.
3. transplant seedlings
1) forward direction soil of transplanting seedlings fully waters, and reduces the damage to root when transplanting seedlings.
2) separate soil and root system to be transplanted seedlings gently, then clean root system to be transplanted seedlings, during guarantee the complete of plant root
Whole.This process is carried out at 18:00.
4. prepare before field planting
1) in aerial fog cultivation case (53mc × 37cm × 23cm), move into the leaf vegetables nutritional solution of 15L, big in leaf vegetables nutritional solution
Secondary element uses Japan's garden formula formula, and trace element formula uses Huo Lande general formulation (mg/L), as follows:
Japan's garden formula formula
Huo Lande general formulation
2) arranging circulation spraying intervalometer, daytime, night was for spray at interval of 60min in order to spray 15min at interval of 15min
5min, the present embodiment definition 7:00 to 19:00 is daytime, and 19:00 to second day 7:00 is night.
5. field planting
1) use the plant holder matched with aerial fog cultivation case to fix collar portion to be transplanted seedlings, then fill in aerial fog cultivation
In field planting hole on case, the plant holder matched with aerial fog cultivation case uses ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer foamed material
Make.
2) on an aerial fog cultivation case, Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae and cherry radish are moved into, with 1:1 ratio catch cropping, simultaneously to another aerosol
All move into Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae on cultivation case, as a control group, complete field planting.
3) a diameter of 5.5cm of field planting hole of the aerial fog cultivation case that the present embodiment is used, selects diameter 6cm, thick 1.5cm
Plant holder.
6. set planting environment
Cultivate under the conditions of aerial fog cultivation case is positioned over greenhouse, greenhouse be set as day temperature 25 DEG C,
Nocturnal temperature 15 DEG C.
7. the pH value of nutritional solution and EC value in regulation aerial fog cultivation case
1) probe of Hana HI98129 type acidometer is inserted in nutritional solution, after stable reading, directly read nutritional solution
PH value and EC value.
2) 12:00 every day measures pH value and the EC value of nutritional solution in aerial fog cultivation case, if both are respectively 5.8～6.2 Hes
In the range of 1900～2300 μ S/cm, then without being adjusted.
3) if the pH value of nutritional solution is less than 5.8 in the aerial fog cultivation case recorded, then limit dropping 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution,
Nutritional solution pH value is measured on limit, until measured value is in the range of 5.8～6.2；If the pH value of nutritional solution in the aerial fog cultivation case recorded
More than 6.2, then limit dropping 2mol/L sulfuric acid solution, nutritional solution pH value is measured on limit, until measured value is in the range of 5.8～6.2.
4) if the EC value of nutritional solution is less than 1900 μ S/cm in the aerial fog cultivation case recorded, then nutritional solution is added on limit, and limit is measured
Nutritional solution EC value, until measured value is in the range of 1900～2300 μ S/cm；If the EC value of nutritional solution in the aerial fog cultivation case recorded
More than 2300 μ S/cm, then water is added on limit, and nutritional solution EC value is measured on limit, until measured value is in the range of 1900～2300 μ S/cm.
8. plant is gathered
Treat that Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae and cherry radish field planting 30～50d can be gathered.
Embodiment 2
The step of the soilless culture method reducing Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade nitrate is as follows:
1. soak seed and accelerating germination
1) Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae seed is put into immersion 15min in 55 DEG C of warm water, is stirred continuously；
2) with clean wet gauze parcel seed accelerating germination about 1d in the calorstat of 28 DEG C, 80～90% seed opening are treated
During dew bud, it is sown in plastic nutritional alms bowl, in every alms bowl, is sown into 1～2 seed.
3) operation syngenesis colza of pea seed, different places is that pea seed need to be under 10～30 DEG C of environmental conditions
Seed soaking 20～24h and should evening 15 ± 1d operate, with ensure both transplant seedlings simultaneously.
2. nursery in growth cabinet
1) the plastic nutritional alms bowl being sown into seed is put into growth cabinet nursery.Day temperature controls at 26 DEG C, light
Illumination 5 grades, nocturnal temperature controls 16 DEG C, illuminance 0 grade, and relative humidity controls at 80%RH the most always.
2) grow 3～4 true leaves until Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, pea seedlings plant height prepares to transplant seedlings when reaching 5～6cm.
3. transplant seedlings
1) forward direction soil of transplanting seedlings fully waters, and reduces the damage to root when transplanting seedlings.
2) separate soil and root system to be transplanted seedlings gently, then clean root system to be transplanted seedlings, during guarantee the complete of plant root
Whole.This process is carried out at 18:00.
4. prepare before field planting
1) in aerial fog cultivation case (53mc × 37cm × 23cm), the leaf vegetables nutritional solution of 15L is moved into, a large amount of units in nutritional solution
Element uses Japan's garden formula formula, and trace element formula uses Huo Lande general formulation (mg/L), as follows:
Japan's garden formula formula
Huo Lande general formulation
2) arranging circulation spraying intervalometer, daytime, night was for spray at interval of 60min in order to spray 15min at interval of 15min
5min.The present embodiment definition 7:00 to 19:00 is daytime, and 19:00 to second day 7:00 is night.
5. field planting
1) fix collar portion to be transplanted seedlings with the plant holder matched with aerial fog cultivation case, then fill in aerial fog cultivation case
On field planting hole in, the plant holder matched with aerial fog cultivation case is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer foamed material.
2) on an aerial fog cultivation case, move into Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae and pea seedlings, with 1:1 ratio catch cropping, plant to another aerosol simultaneously
All move into Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae on training case, as a control group, complete field planting.
3) a diameter of 5.5cm of field planting hole of the aerial fog cultivation case that the present embodiment is used, selects diameter 6cm, thick 1.5cm
Plant holder.
6. set planting environment
Cultivate under the conditions of aerial fog cultivation case is positioned over greenhouse, greenhouse be set as day temperature 25 DEG C,
Nocturnal temperature 15 DEG C.
7. the pH value of nutritional solution and EC value in regulation aerial fog cultivation case
1) probe of Hana HI98129 type acidometer is inserted in nutritional solution, after stable reading, directly read nutritional solution
PH value and EC value.
2) 12:00 every day measures pH value and the EC value of nutritional solution in aerial fog cultivation case, if both are respectively 5.8～6.2 Hes
In the range of 1900～2300 μ S/cm, then without being adjusted.
3) if the pH value of nutritional solution is less than 5.8 in the aerial fog cultivation case recorded, then limit dropping 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution,
Nutritional solution pH value is measured on limit, until measured value is in the range of 5.8～6.2；If the pH value of nutritional solution in the aerial fog cultivation case recorded
More than 6.2, then limit dropping 2mol/L sulfuric acid solution, nutritional solution pH value is measured on limit, until measured value is in the range of 5.8～6.2.
4) if the EC value of nutritional solution is less than 1900 μ S/cm in the aerial fog cultivation case recorded, then nutritional solution is added on limit, and limit is measured
Nutritional solution EC value, until measured value is in the range of 1900～2300 μ S/cm；If the EC value of nutritional solution in the aerial fog cultivation case recorded
More than 2300 μ S/cm, then water is added on limit, and nutritional solution EC value is measured on limit, until measured value is in the range of 1900～2300 μ S/cm.
8. plant is gathered
1) treat that Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae field planting 30～40d can be gathered；
2) when pea seedlings plant height reaches about 15cm, pea seedlings is cut i.e. edible from base portion, pea seedlings base after 2～3d
Portion can grow again tender shoots, such Repeated Harvesting and growth.
Nitre in the compliance test result i.e. Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade of the soilless culture method of reduction Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade nitrate of the present invention
The detection of hydrochlorate.
After plant field planting 30 days, " plant physiology and biochemistry experimental principle and technology " with reference to Li Hesheng chief editor measures life
Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae under (pattern 1), Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae and cherry radish catch cropping (pattern 2), Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae and pea seedlings catch cropping (pattern 3) Three models made by menu
Average Weight per plant, improving activity of root system, these indexs of blade nitrate content, measure under Three models in nutritional solution is total simultaneously
Nitrogen content, to calculate nitrogen utilization efficiency, result is as follows:
As can be seen from the above table, under two kinds of intercropping modes, average Weight per plant, improving activity of root system and the nitrogen utilization efficiency of Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae are equal
Higher than Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae under nonoculture pattern, and blade nitrate content is less than Chinese leaf under Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, and two kinds of intercropping modes under nonoculture pattern
Sheet nitrate content reduces by 27.30% and 57.13% respectively.Visible, use reduction Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade nitrate of the present invention
The Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae of soilless culture method cultivation there is good increasing both production and income benefit and adaptive capacity to environment, and higher resource profit
By rate.Meanwhile, its blade nitrate content reduces, it is ensured that the quality of Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, can be that people provide the most relieved vegetables
Dish.
Claims (8)
1. the soilless culture method reducing Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade nitrate, it is characterised in that described reduction Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade nitric acid
The step of the soilless culture method of salt is as follows:
1) seed soaks and accelerating germination, and step is as follows:
(1) seed is put into immersion 15min in 55 DEG C of warm water, is stirred continuously, then Seed soaking 0 under 10～30 DEG C of environmental conditions
～24h, allow seed fully absorb moisture；
(2) with clean wet gauze parcel seed accelerating germination 1～2day in the calorstat of 28 DEG C～30 DEG C, 80～90% seed are treated
During opening dew bud, it is sown in plastic nutritional alms bowl, in every alms bowl, is sown into 1～2 seed；
(3) seed soaking time is different because of kind, and Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae and Plantula Brassicae chinensis seed are not soaked seed direct accelerating germination, cherry radish seed-soaking 6h～8h,
Pea seed seed soaking 20h～24h；
2) nursery in growth cabinet, step is as follows:
(1) the plastic nutritional alms bowl being sown into seed being put into growth cabinet nursery, day temperature controls at 25～30 DEG C, light
Illumination 5～6 grades, nocturnal temperature controls 15～20 DEG C, illuminance 0 grade, and relative humidity controls 70～80%RH；
(2) treat that Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, Plantula Brassicae chinensis and cherry radish grow 3～4 true leaves, prepare when pea seedlings plant height reaches 5～6cm to transplant seedlings；
(3) for ensureing that crop can be transplanted seedlings simultaneously, Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae and Plantula Brassicae chinensis, cherry radish carry out nursery with a collection of, and pea seedlings then should evening
15 ± 1d nursery；
3) transplant seedlings；
4) prepare before field planting；
5) field planting；
6) planting environment is set；
7) pH value of nutritional solution and electrical conductivity i.e. EC value in regulation aerial fog cultivation case；
8) plant is gathered.
2. according to the soilless culture method reducing Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade nitrate described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described shifting
The step of Seedling is as follows:
1) forward direction soil of transplanting seedlings fully waters, and reduces the damage to root when transplanting seedlings；
2) separate soil and root system to be transplanted seedlings gently, then clean root system to be transplanted seedlings, during guarantee the complete of plant root；
3) this process i.e. 17:00～19:00 or cloudy day between the lights is carried out, and now the transpiration of plant weakens, and improves and transplants seedlings
Survival rate.
3. according to the soilless culture method reducing Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade nitrate described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described determines
Before planting, the step of preparation is as follows:
1) moving into the leaf vegetables nutritional solution of 1/3～1/2 volume in aerial fog cultivation case, nutritional solution liquid level is the highest is not to be exceeded that aerosol is planted
Fog-spray nozzle in training case；
2) arranging circulation spraying intervalometer, daytime, night was for spray at interval of 60min in order to spray 15min at interval of 15min
5min。
4. according to the soilless culture method reducing Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade nitrate described in claim 3, it is characterised in that described leaf
In dish nutritional solution, a great number of elements uses Japan's garden formula formula, and trace element formula uses Huo Lande general formulation, and unit is mg/L,
As follows:
Japan's garden formula formula
Huo Lande general formulation
5. according to the soilless culture method reducing Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade nitrate described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described determines
The step planted is as follows:
1) use the plant holder matched with aerial fog cultivation case to fix collar portion to be transplanted seedlings, then fill on aerial fog cultivation case
Field planting hole in, the plant holder that matches with aerial fog cultivation case uses ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer foamed material to make；
2) on an aerial fog cultivation case, move into Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae and Plantula Brassicae chinensis, cherry radish or pea seedlings, with 1:1 ratio catch cropping, simultaneously to
Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae is all moved into, as a control group on another aerial fog cultivation case；
3) diameter 6cm, the plant holder of thick 1.5cm are applicable to the aerial fog cultivation case field planting hole of a diameter of 5.5～5.9cm.
6. according to the soilless culture method reducing Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade nitrate described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described sets
The step determining planting environment is as follows:
Cultivating under the conditions of aerial fog cultivation case is positioned over greenhouse, greenhouse is set as day temperature 25 ± 2 DEG C, night
Between temperature 15 ± 2 DEG C.
7. according to the soilless culture method reducing Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade nitrate described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described tune
In joint aerial fog cultivation case, the pH value of nutritional solution is as follows with the step of electrical conductivity i.e. EC value:
1) probe of portable acidity meter is inserted in nutritional solution, after stable reading, directly read pH value and the EC of nutritional solution
Value；
2) pH value of nutritional solution in aerial fog cultivation case is measured every day, by adding 1～2mol/L sulfuric acid solution or add 1～2mol/L hydrogen
Sodium hydroxide solution regulation pH value, makes the pH value of nutritional solution control 5.8～6.2；
3) measure the EC value of nutritional solution in aerial fog cultivation case every day, by adding water or Ensure Liquid liquid regulation EC value, make nutritional solution
EC value controls at 1900～2300 μ S/cm.
8. according to the soilless culture method reducing Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae blade nitrate described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described plants
The step that strain is gathered is as follows:
1) treat that Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, Plantula Brassicae chinensis and cherry radish field planting 30～50d can be gathered；
2) when pea seedlings plant height reaches about 15cm, from base portion, pea seedlings being cut i.e. edible, after 2～3d, pea seedlings base portion is again
Tender shoots, such Repeated Harvesting and growth can be grown.
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| CN110622809A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2019-12-31 | 吉林大学 | Method for improving growth and quality of cherry radishes cultured by rock wool |
| CN112673908A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-20 | 广西雾野农业科技有限公司 | Atomization interplanting device and application thereof |
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