CN104743703B - A kind of unpowered emergent water purifier suitable for disaster area after shake - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a non-powered emergency water purifier suitable for disaster areas after earthquakes. It consists of a pressure tank, an air cylinder, a micro-mesh filter and a membrane filter connected by pipes and valves. The pressure barrel is provided with an air inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, which are connected by a plastic top cover. During the operation of the pressure tank, the pressure difference generated by the raw water through the inflator enters the bottom end of the water outlet pipe to discharge water. The upper part of the micro-filter filter is cylindrical and the lower part is truncated. It is composed of a micro-filter element, a backwash valve and a metal shell. The micro-filter element is fixed in the middle. It is cylindrical and consists of a hollow fiber membrane, a water outlet pipe and a stainless steel shell. The hollow fiber membrane is fixed on the top of the membrane filter and connected to the outlet pipe. The raw water is filtered through the micro filter and membrane filter, and then the water is discharged from the water outlet main pipe. The invention does not need to provide additional power during operation, has high water purification speed, good water quality, is easy to carry and transport, and is suitable for use in environments where drinking water is urgently needed in post-earthquake disaster areas and the like.

Description

A non-powered emergency water purifier suitable for post-earthquake disaster areas

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and in particular relates to a non-powered emergency water purifier suitable for post-earthquake disaster areas.

Background technique

After the earthquake, the urban water supply systems in the hardest-hit areas were basically completely paralyzed, and the water supply systems in surrounding cities would also be damaged to varying degrees. Emergency engineering repairs often take several days. In the process of leak detection and repair of damaged water supply pipes, how to temporarily provide water supply facilities or drinking water for the victims is particularly important.

The lack of sanitary drinking water in the earthquake-stricken areas is mainly caused by the following three reasons.

(1) The earthquake caused the original water pipes to burst and be damaged, thereby paralyzing the water supply system.

(2) During the earthquake, a large area of buildings collapsed and the occurrence of mudslides led to the outflow of a large number of magazines;

(3) The road traffic has been greatly damaged, making it difficult for relief materials to reach the disaster area in time and to continuously supply water to the disaster area.

The emergency water supply measures for drinking water safety in earthquake-stricken areas mainly include three emergency measures: bottled water, water delivery by water truck, and decentralized water intake. However, the cost of bottled water is high, transportation is difficult, and the capacity of water trucks is limited due to road conditions, so the water quality safety of decentralized water intake cannot be fully guaranteed. Therefore, these emergency water supply measures have certain limitations and cannot complement each other well.

After the earthquake, suspended solid particles, colloids, soluble organic matter, microorganisms, etc. in the water source will increase relatively. Therefore, reasonable filtration and purification technology must be adopted to ensure the safety of the effluent water quality. There are several types of water purification products currently on the market that can be used in earthquake-stricken areas:

(1) "life straw" (lifestraw)

This product is a field water purifier composed of textiles, iodine, and activated carbon. The advantage is that it is small in size and portable. The disadvantage is that it is difficult to guarantee the quality of the effluent water only by relying on iodine to kill bacteria and viruses.

(2) Emergency water purification equipment

The reverse osmosis water purification equipment provided by the water purification company for the disaster area has its own power, but its quality is relatively large. The advantage is that the effluent quality is good, and the disadvantage is that it is difficult to transport.

(3) Cartridge water purifier

This water purifier uses a filter element structure, which can be matched with different filter elements according to different needs. The advantage is that the price is relatively cheap, and the disadvantage is that the life of the filter element is relatively short and the water purification efficiency is low.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a non-powered emergency water purifier which can solve the drinking water problem of the disaster victims by purifying the water source in the disaster area, does not need to consume electricity, and is convenient to transport and carry.

The non-powered emergency water purifier suitable for the post-earthquake disaster area proposed by the present invention includes a pressure tank 2, an inflatable cylinder 1, a micro-filter filter 5 and a membrane filter 8, wherein:

The inflator 1 is cylindrical and consists of a pull rod, a first plastic shell and an air outlet pipe. One end of the pull rod extends into the first plastic shell, and one end of the first plastic shell is connected to the air outlet pipe. The mouth of the air outlet pipe is connected to the top of the pressure barrel 2 connected to the intake pipe;

The pressure tank 2 is in the shape of an ellipsoid, and is connected by a second plastic shell, a plastic top cover, an air inlet pipe and an outlet pipe 3. The air inlet pipe enters the inside of the pressure tank 2 through the plastic top cover, and one end of the outlet pipe 3 passes through the plastic top cover and goes deep into the pressure tank. 2. Inside, there is a gap between the nozzle at the bottom of the outlet pipe 3 and the bottom of the pressure tank 2;

The upper part of the micro-filter filter 5 is cylindrical and the lower part is truncated. It is composed of a micro-filter element 6, a backwash valve 11 and a metal shell. The two ends of the micro-filter 5 are respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet. , the micro-screen filter element 6 is located in the middle of the micro-screen filter 5 and is connected to the top of the metal casing, one end of which is connected to a water outlet, and the backwash valve 11 is located at the bottom of the metal casing; the other end of the outlet pipe 3 passes through the pipeline and the valve Connect the water inlet of the microfilter mesh filter 5, the water outlet of the microfiltration multi-filter 5 is connected to the water inlet at the bottom of the membrane filter 8 through pipelines and valves;

The membrane filter 8 is cylindrical and consists of a hollow fiber membrane 9, a water outlet pipe 10 and a stainless steel shell. The hollow fiber membrane 9 is fixed on the top of the membrane filter 8 and connected to the water outlet pipe 10. Leave some space in between.

In the present invention, the hollow fiber membrane 9 is an ultrafiltration membrane with a nominal membrane pore diameter of 0.01 μm, and the material is PVC.

In the present invention, the micro-screen filter element 6 adopts metal material to retain powdered activated carbon.

In the present invention, the backwash valve 11 can realize the backwash of the micro-screen filter 5 .

In the present invention, the material of the pressure barrel 2 is composite PET.

In the present invention, the valve used at the connection between the other end of the water outlet pipe 3 and the water inlet of the micro-screen filter 5 is the filter water inlet valve 4 .

In the present invention, the valve used at the connection between the water outlet of the microfiltration multi-filter 5 and the water inlet at the bottom of the membrane filter 8 is the filter water outlet valve 7 .

As an improvement, the water purifier uses powdered activated carbon as the adsorption material, which can avoid the microbial growth problem caused by the untimely replacement of granular activated carbon filter materials or filter elements in the water purifier market. Powdered activated carbon can remove impurities such as turbidity, chroma, and organic matter in water, and it can be added directly during use without potential safety hazards.

As an improvement, the water purifier uses an air cylinder to provide the pressure difference across the hollow fiber membrane, uses compressed gas to stabilize the pressure, and has no power consumption.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. The water purification quality of the present invention is good, and the effluent can be directly drunk; 2. Manual pressurization realizes ultrafiltration, which solves the problem of energy shortage in disaster areas; 3. Pretreatment of raw water by powdered activated carbon adsorption improves the operation of ultrafiltration membranes Effect; 4. Easy to operate, easy to learn and use; 5. Easy to carry and easy to transport.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

Numbers in the figure: 1 is an inflatable cylinder, 2 is a pressure barrel, 3 is an outlet pipe, 4 is a filter inlet valve, 5 is a micro-filter filter, 6 is a micro-filter element, 7 is a filter outlet valve, 8 is a membrane filter, 9 is a hollow fiber membrane, 10 is a water outlet main pipe, and 11 is a backwash valve.

detailed description

The present invention is further illustrated below by means of embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment 1: as shown in Figure 1, described device is connected by pipeline and valve and forms by pressure drum, air cylinder, micro filter screen filter and membrane filter, wherein:

The inflatable cylinder 1 is cylindrical and is composed of a pull rod, a plastic shell and an air outlet pipe. The mouth of the air outlet pipe is connected to the air inlet pipe on the top of the pressure tank 2;

The pressure barrel 2 is in the shape of an ellipsoid, and is connected by a plastic shell, a plastic top cover, an air inlet pipe and an outlet pipe 3. There is a gap between the nozzle at the bottom of the water pipe 3 and the bottom of the pressure tank 2;

The upper part of the micro-filter filter 5 is cylindrical and the lower part is truncated. It is composed of a micro-filter element 6, a backwash valve 11 and a metal shell. The mesh filter element 6 is located in the middle and connected to the top of the metal shell, and its right end is connected with an outlet pipe, and the backwash valve 11 is located at the bottom of the metal shell;

The membrane filter 8 is cylindrical and consists of a hollow fiber membrane 9, a water outlet pipe 10 and a stainless steel shell. The hollow fiber membrane 9 is fixed on the top of the membrane filter 8 and connected with the water outlet pipe 10. Leave some space in between.

The operation of this device can be divided into two processes of raw water filtration and backwashing:

(1) Raw water filtration

The pressure tank 2 is an ellipsoidal plastic cylinder, the air inlet pipe enters the inside of the pressure tank 2 through the plastic top cover, and the outlet pipe 3 goes deep into the inside of the pressure tank 2 through the plastic top cover. During operation, open the top plastic top cover, can pour into the raw water to be filtered in the pressure barrel 2, add appropriate amount of powder activated carbon simultaneously, the bottom nozzle of water outlet pipe 3 should be submerged in the raw water in the bucket. Push the pull rod of the inflatable cylinder 1 to compress the gas into the pressure tank 2 to increase the air pressure in the tank, and the pressure difference formed makes the raw water in the pressure tank 2 flow out through the outlet pipe 3 . Open the filter water inlet valve 4, and the raw water enters the micro-screen filter 5. The operation mode of the micro-screen filter 5 is that the left end enters the water, and the right end leaves the water. The water flows into the water outlet pipe after being filtered by the micro-filter filter element 6. The micro filter element 6 can intercept the powdered activated carbon in the water flow to form a reverse filter layer of activated carbon to remove most of the particles in the water. Open the filter water inlet valve 7, the water flow enters the membrane filter 8, and utilizes the pressure difference, the water flow passes through the hollow fiber membrane 9 for ultrafiltration, which can remove macromolecular substances such as colloids, bacteria, and viruses in the water, and passes through the water outlet main pipe 10 after ultrafiltration Finally, the water is discharged to complete the whole water purification process.

(2) Cleaning of the device

When filtering is carried out constantly, powdered activated carbon and impurities in water are also constantly accumulated and trapped on the surface of the microfilter filter element 6, which affects the water passing capacity of the microfilter filter 5. Therefore, it should be cleaned appropriately according to the usage conditions. When cleaning, unscrew the outer casing of the micro-filter filter 5 and put the micro-filter element 6 in a bucket for cleaning; in addition, unscrew the upper shell of the membrane filter 8 and simply rinse with filtered water That's it.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of unpowered emergent water purifier suitable for disaster area after shake, including pressure pot (2), inflator pump (1), microfiltration net filtration Device (5) and film filter (8), it is characterised in that：Unpowered emergent water purifier application Powdered Activated Carbon is used as adsorbing material；

Inflator pump (1) is cylindrical, is made up of pull bar, the first cabinet and escape pipe, and pull bar one end is stretched into outside the first plastics In shell, first cabinet one end connection escape pipe, the escape pipe mouth of pipe are connected with the air inlet pipe at the top of pressure pot (2), are entered Trachea is one-way air inlet；

Pressure pot (2) is connected by the second cabinet, plastic roof, air inlet pipe and outlet pipe (3) in elliposoidal, air inlet pipe Pressure pot (2) inside is entered through plastic roof, pressure pot (2) inside, water outlet are goed deep into through plastic roof in outlet pipe (3) one end Pipe (3) bottom mouth of pipe leaves a part of gap with pressure pot (2) bottom；

Microfiltration web filter (5) top is cylindrical, bottom be in truncated cone-shaped, by microfiltration net filter element (6), back flush valves (11) and Metal shell is constituted, and microfiltration web filter (5) is respectively arranged at two ends with water inlet and outlet, and microfiltration net filter element (6) is positioned at micro- In the middle part of filter (5), it is connected with the top of metal shell, one is terminated with outlet, and back flush valves (11) are positioned at gold Category shell bottom；Outlet pipe (3) other end passes through pipeline and valve connects the water inlet of microfiltration web filter (5), microfiltration The outlet of web filter (5) passes through pipeline and valve connects film filter (8) bottom water inlet；

Film filter (8) is cylindrical, is made up of hollow-fibre membrane (9), outfall sewer (10) and stainless steel casing, hollow fibre Dimension film (9) is fixed on the top of film filter (8), and is connected with outfall sewer (10), stainless steel casing and hollow-fibre membrane (9) Between leave certain space；

The operation of unpowered emergent water purifier is divided into two processes of raw water filtration and backwash.

2. the unpowered emergent water purifier suitable for disaster area after shake according to claim 1, it is characterised in that doughnut Ultrafilter membrane of the film (9) using 0.01 μm of nominal membrane aperture, material adopt PVC.

3. the unpowered emergent water purifier suitable for disaster area after shake according to claim 1, it is characterised in that microfiltration net is filtered Core (6) adopts metal material to retain Powdered Activated Carbon.

4. the unpowered emergent water purifier suitable for disaster area after shake according to claim 1, it is characterised in that backwash valve Door (11) is capable of achieving the backwash of microfiltration web filter (5).

5. the unpowered emergent water purifier suitable for disaster area after shake according to claim 1, it is characterised in that pressure pot (2) Material is using compound PET.

6. the unpowered emergent water purifier suitable for disaster area after shake according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the water outlet The valve that the water inlet junction of pipe (3) other end and microfiltration web filter (5) adopts is for filter inlet valve (4).

7. the unpowered emergent water purifier suitable for disaster area after shake according to claim 1, it is characterised in that microfiltration net mistake The valve that the outlet of filter (5) is adopted with film filter (8) bottom water inlet junction is for filter flowing water Valve (7).