CN104722191A - Harmless combined deacidifying and dust removing method and harmless combined deacidifying and dust removing system for flue gas obtained by combusting domestic garbage - Google Patents
Harmless combined deacidifying and dust removing method and harmless combined deacidifying and dust removing system for flue gas obtained by combusting domestic garbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN104722191A CN104722191A CN201510057172.7A CN201510057172A CN104722191A CN 104722191 A CN104722191 A CN 104722191A CN 201510057172 A CN201510057172 A CN 201510057172A CN 104722191 A CN104722191 A CN 104722191A
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- depickling
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- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 175
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 174
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 223
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 124
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
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- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a harmless combined deacidifying and dust removing method and a harmless combined deacidifying and dust removing system for flue gas obtained by combusting domestic garbage. The flue gas obtained by combusting the domestic garbage is subjected to first-time deacidifying reaction, second-time deacidifying reaction and third-time deacidifying reaction through an atomization reaction tower, a primary cloth bag reactor and a secondary cloth bag reactor; particularly, slaked lime powder is added into the primary cloth bag reactor and the secondary cloth bag reactor to carry out the second-time and third-time deacidifying reactions, so that acidic gas can be sufficiently removed; meanwhile, the pollution, caused by heavy metal and dioxin, can be effectively removed by adsorption of active carbon powder and a reaction auxiliary agent of the primary cloth bag reactor and the secondary cloth bag reactor, and the harmless combined deacidifying and dust removing method and the harmless combined deacidifying and dust removing system are particularly suitable for treating the flue gas obtained by combusting the domestic garbage which contains more acidic gas, heavy metal and dioxin.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to method or the device of general physics or chemistry, particularly relate to the separation of gas or steam, relate to the chemical cleaning method of incineration flue gas of household garbage, particularly relate to innoxious combination depickling dust collection method and the system of incineration flue gas of household garbage.
Background technology
Problem of Urban Waste has become one of the most serious public hazards in the world today, and cleaning in time and disposal rubbish build beautiful China and graceful, clean and tidy, civilized modern city conditio sune qua non.The most effective way of current solution garbage problem is minimizing, resource, innoxious.Incineration treatment technology meets the garbage disposal policy of innoxious, minimizing, resource, and have processing speed fast, subtract hold effective, floor space is little, ambient influnence is little, be easy to the advantages such as addressing, at home and abroad comparatively fast developed in recent years.
China is since last century, the eighties introduced garbage incineration technology, have passed through new-born, period of expansion, arguement phase, reach common recognition at present, set up with grate furnace the developing direction of the bulky refuse burning electricity generation Chang Shi China process domestic waste being the main type of furnace.Although China's garbage incineration technology starting is more late, but incineration technology development is swift and violent, achieve leapfrogging growth, the mechanical grate incinerator accounting for leading market status is at present reached advanced world standards substantially, built and project in construction has hundreds, and domestic garbage burning electricity generation has formed a new industry.
Due to the complexity of house refuse composition, its incineration flue gas comprises one or more harmful components following: sour gas HCL, sulfur dioxide, HF, heavy metal Hg, Pb, Cu, Cr, Cd, organic compound bioxin.Produce a large amount of containing heavy metal, bioxin, SO after consumer waste incineration
x, HCl, HF etc. are poisonous, harmful incineration flue gas, can be very serious to the harm of environment if do not carry out thoroughly process.So the fume treatment of burning domestic garbage has become the Important Problems of public attention.
Along with country is to the attention of pollution emission reduction, waste incineration environmental protection emission request is also increasingly strict, comprises each side requirements such as incineration flue gas discharge, technique waste water discharge, incineration residues.State Bureau of Environmental Protection is the various pollutant emission index of considered critical in " consumer waste incineration Environmental capacity " standard of to promulgate for 2000, this standard has been revised for 2014, the emission request of major pollutants is higher, and it is even higher that the waste incineration and generating electricity project in the above city of provincial capital has brought up to EU criteria to standard limit of smog release.House refuse domestic at present is all seldom screened substantially, therefore smoke components is substantially similar, different regions are difference slightly, and the GB18485-2014 " consumer waste incineration Environmental capacity standard " that main smoke components original data range and China national Environmental Protection Agency issue and European Union 2000 standard solid thing concentration of emission see the following form.
Flue gas of refuse burning process processes mainly for burning the flue dust, toxic and harmful, nitrogen oxide etc. that produce, emphasis reduces bioxin and heavy metal pollution and PM2.5 fine dust, item status and input must be burned according to concrete, adopt the fume treatment group technology of different configuration.
PM2.5 also claims fine particle maybe can enter lung particle, refers to that aerodynamic diameter is less than or equal to the particle of 2.5 microns.When being generally used for mass concentration, representation unit is μ g/m
3.PM2.5 particle diameter is little, is rich in a large amount of poisonous and harmful substances and time of staying is in an atmosphere long, fed distance is far away, thus larger on the impact of health and atmosphere quality.Solid-state and the liquid particles thing that gaseous contaminant in air generates through a series of chemical conversion or physical process is the main source of PM2.5.As gaseous contaminant sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, ammonia and some organic gas, can series of chemical be there is in an atmosphere, finally generate sulfate, nitrate, ammonium salt and organic particulate matter etc.The chemical property of these particles and one-tenth are grouped into very large difference, relevant with the gaseous contamination participating in generating.The salts such as particle ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate are the main components of PM2.5, and account for about 40% of PM2.5 total amount, the flue gas of burning domestic garbage all contains these poisonous and hazardous particles.That is, the incineration flue gas of household garbage control mark discharge of incinerator, core thoroughly removes hazardous contaminant and PM2.5 trapping in flue gas to remove.
Prior art adopts semidry method and dry method to carry out the fume treatment of burning domestic garbage usually, eliminates the acid flue dust, the nitrogen oxide NO that burn and produce
xdeng, reduce bioxin and heavy metal pollution and PM2.5 fine dust.
The semidry method incineration flue gas of household garbage deacidification of prior art, be utilize spray-dired principle to spray in spraying reaction tower by niter mortar, utilize the heat of flue gas that the droplet moisture sprayed into evaporation is formed dry mealy solid particle on the one hand and collect; On the other hand in incineration flue gas of household garbage there is chemical absorbing simultaneously and react in sour gas and calcium hydroxide slurries, reaches the object of depickling.The product formed complete depickling reaction in tower after, part is exported by bottom cone and discharges in tower, and another part enters in fiber bag precipitator with flue gas and discharges after activated carbon powder adsorption cleaning.The shortcoming of semidry process is, the absorption of depickling dedusting and heavy metal bioxin all only takes coagulation, niter mortar and the flue gas reaction time in spraying reaction tower is short, sour gas and noxious material can not be removed for a full due, effective acid removal rate only has about 85%, cannot meet higher environmental requirement.
The dry method incineration flue gas of household garbage deacidification of prior art, utilize two-fluid spray gun by water high-pressure atomization, spray in spraying reaction tower and flue gas sufficient heat exchange, to reach atomization cooling, make flue gas reach best temperature and humidity, then carry out chemical deacidification and adsorption reaction through pipeline and the calcium hydroxide sprayed into, activated carbon powder simultaneously.But removal noxious material and dedusting are substantially all carried out inside cloth bag reactor, after purification, flue gas is through smoke stack emission.The shortcoming of dry process is, dry powder lime due to what spray at flue, it is lower with smoke reaction efficiency, deacidification efficiency only has 70-80%, obtain higher reaction effect and must drop into more lime reaction agent, the running resistance of cloth bag reactor can be caused simultaneously quite high, higher environment protection emission requirement cannot be met.In order to the national standard making the harmless treatment of incineration flue gas of household garbage can reach requirements at the higher level, treatment system and the process of above-mentioned prior art incineration flue gas of household garbage must be improved.
In China, it is even higher that the waste incineration and generating electricity project in the above city of provincial capital has brought up to EU criteria to standard limit of smog release, incineration flue gas of household garbage processing method involved in the present invention and device are combined type depickling dedusting integration process, semidry method+dry method+bis-cloth bag depickling dust collecting process, being take to process for burning the flue dust that produces and poisonous, pernicious gas etc. according to incineration flue gas characteristic, reducing the gas cleaning treatment process that bioxin and heavy metal pollution and PM2.5 fine dust discharge.Flue gas after processing like this meets the environment protection emission requirement of latest national standards completely, and primary discharge index is also better than EU criteria.
Explanation of nouns " TEQ ": international toxicity equivalent TEQ (Toxic Equivalent Quantity) " because environment dioxin mainly exists as a mixture; when evaluating the toxicity of dioxin; often each congener is converted in the world and is equivalent to 2; 3; 7; the topmost compound of 8-TCDD(comprises four chlorodiphenyl-p-bioxin, i.e. Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) amount represent, be called toxic equivalent;
Explanation of nouns " mg/Nm
3": milligram every cubic metre, when standard state and standard atmospheric pressure are 101.325 kPa.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that the fume emission after avoiding prior art incineration flue gas of household garbage treatment system and method process can not meet the weak point of requirements at the higher level discharge standard and propose innoxious combination depickling dust collection method and the system of one way of life flue gas of refuse burning, use the incineration flue gas of household garbage after the method and system process to meet the environment protection emission requirement of latest national standards completely, and primary discharge index is also better than EU criteria.
The present invention be solve the technical problem employing technical scheme be: the innoxious combination depickling dust collection method of one way of life flue gas of refuse burning, comprises the following steps: incineration flue gas of household garbage is introduced spraying reaction tower by b.; C. through atomizer from described spray reaction top of tower the niter mortar of storage sprayed and get rid of into aerosolized particles and down shed in spraying reaction tower cavity; D. described acid gas in flue gas and niter mortar droplet complete first time depickling and reacts, become spraying reaction tower and export the gas for the first time i.e. reacted incineration flue gas of household garbage of depickling; The heat of this incineration flue gas of household garbage is by the water evaporates in the calcium hydroxide slurries sprayed into, the powdered granule forming drying simultaneously, and the powdered granule product formed after depickling reaction is discharged by the outlet at bottom of spraying reaction tower; E. the activated carbon powder in activated carbon powder storehouse is injected one-level cloth bag reactor and/or secondary cloth bag reactor; F. the slaked lime powder in the second niter ash silo is injected the step of one-level cloth bag reactor and/or secondary cloth bag reactor; G. the reaction promoter in reaction promoter storehouse is injected the step of one-level cloth bag reactor and/or secondary cloth bag reactor; H. the reacted incineration flue gas of household garbage of first time depickling enters one-level cloth bag reactor; I. secondary cloth bag reactor is entered through the reacted described flue gas of one-level cloth bag reactor; In step h and i, incineration flue gas of household garbage completes second time and third time depickling reaction respectively in firsts and seconds cloth bag reactor; The niter mortar droplet injected when respectively this second and third depickling reaction all relies on first time depickling reaction carries out, and also completes further second and third time depickling reaction by the slaked lime powder in one-level and/or secondary cloth bag reactor simultaneously; Simultaneously described incineration flue gas of household garbage also in one-level and/or secondary cloth bag reactor by activated carbon powder wherein and reaction promoter absorption, removal heavy metal with bioxin, adsorbed heavy metal with the active carbon particle of bioxin and reaction promoter are discharged by the outlet at bottom of described one-level and/or secondary cloth bag reactor.
In described step f, also comprise and utilize controlled slaked lime powder to join powder machine to control the step exporting slaked lime powder flow.
In described step g, also comprise and utilize controllable reaction auxiliary agent to join powder machine to control the step of output-response auxiliary agent flow.
In described step e, also comprise and utilize controlled activated carbon powder to join powder machine to control the step of activated carbon powder injection rate.
Before described step b, also comprise the preparation of following niter mortar and the step that pumps into: a1. first niter ash silo by the fluidizer on its headwall, by the slaked lime powder fluidisation in it; A2. the slaked lime powder of fluidisation state and water are mixed to form the niter mortar that solid content concentration is 6 ~ 15%, are stored in niter mortar storagetank; A3. by niter mortar measuring pump, described calcium hydroxide stock pump is entered in the niter mortar atomizer of spray reaction top of tower.
The innoxious combination depickling dust collection method of described incineration flue gas of household garbage, also comprises the step flying dust that secondary cloth bag reactor exports being imported to recycling in one-level cloth bag reactor.
The innoxious combination depickling dust collection method of described incineration flue gas of household garbage, also comprises the step that flying dust is collected and discharged; Ash bucket bottom fly ash carry equipment connection to spraying reaction tower or one-level cloth bag reactor or secondary cloth bag reactor, stores the fly ash carry collected by ash bucket in grey storehouse.
The combination depickling dust removing treatment system of the present invention's to be the technical scheme solveing the technical problem employing can also be one way of life flue gas of refuse burning, comprise: spraying reaction tower subsystem, this subsystem comprises again spraying reaction tower and is arranged on the niter mortar atomizer at its top; Described niter mortar is got rid of the droplet that nebulizes and sheds in spraying reaction tower cavity by this atomizer High Rotation Speed; Incineration flue gas of household garbage is from the flue gas input interface input spraying reaction tower of spraying reaction tower side; Niter mortar droplet fully contacts with the incineration flue gas of household garbage in spraying reaction tower, complete first time depickling reacts; Export through the flue gas output interface of the reacted described flue gas of first time depickling from spraying reaction tower side; One-level cloth bag reaction subsystem, comprises one-level cloth bag reactor and one-level cloth bag input channel; The input of described one-level cloth bag input channel and output, be connected with the flue gas output interface of spraying reaction tower subsystem and the input of one-level cloth bag reactor respectively, one-level cloth bag reactor will be introduced through the reacted incineration flue gas of household garbage of spraying reaction tower subsystem first time depickling; Secondary cloth bag reaction subsystem, comprises secondary cloth bag reactor and secondary cloth bag input channel; The input of described secondary cloth bag input channel and output, be connected with the output of one-level cloth bag reactor and the input of secondary cloth bag reactor respectively, secondary cloth bag reaction subsystem will be introduced through the reacted incineration flue gas of household garbage of one-level cloth bag reactor; Activated carbon powder injects subsystem, comprises activated carbon powder storehouse, activated carbon powder blower; Activated carbon powder in activated carbon powder storehouse is sent into one-level cloth bag reactor and/or secondary cloth bag reactor by one-level cloth bag input channel and/or secondary cloth bag input channel by activated carbon powder blower; Reaction promoter injects subsystem, comprises reaction promoter storehouse, reaction promoter blower; Reaction promoter in reaction promoter storehouse is sent into one-level cloth bag reactor and/or secondary cloth bag reactor by one-level cloth bag input channel and/or secondary cloth bag input channel by reaction promoter blower; Slaked lime powder injects subsystem; Comprise the second niter ash silo, calcium hydroxide blower; Slaked lime powder in second niter ash silo is sent into one-level cloth bag reactor and/or secondary cloth bag reactor by one-level cloth bag input channel and/or secondary cloth bag input channel by calcium hydroxide blower.
The innoxious combination depickling dust pelletizing system of described incineration flue gas of household garbage, described slaked lime powder injection subsystem also comprises at least one controlled slaked lime powder and joins powder machine, outputs to the amount of one-level and/or secondary cloth bag reactor for controlling slaked lime powder.
The innoxious combination depickling dust pelletizing system of described incineration flue gas of household garbage, described activated carbon powder injection subsystem also comprises at least one controlled activated carbon powder and joins powder machine, outputs to the amount of one-level and/or secondary cloth bag reactor for controlling activated carbon powder.
The innoxious combination depickling dust pelletizing system of described incineration flue gas of household garbage, described reaction promoter injection subsystem also comprises at least one controllable reaction auxiliary agent and joins powder machine outputs to one-level cloth bag reactor and/or secondary cloth bag reactor amount for controlling calcium hydroxide.
The innoxious combination depickling dust pelletizing system of described incineration flue gas of household garbage, also comprises niter mortar and prepares subsystem; This subsystem comprises the first water tank, the first niter ash silo, niter mortar storage tank, niter mortar measuring pump; First niter ash silo and the first water tank are connected with niter mortar storage tank respectively, calcium hydroxide in first niter ash silo and the water in the first water tank are mixed to form niter mortar in niter mortar storage tank, and niter mortar pumps into the niter mortar atomizer of spray reaction top of tower through niter mortar measuring pump; Described first niter ash silo also comprises the fluidizer for preventing powder from putting up a bridge; Described fluidizer comprises the fluidized plate with compressed air input interface be arranged on the first calcium hydroxide magazine wall, and compressed air input fluidized plate makes the slaked lime powder producing fluidisation state in calcium hydroxide storage bin.
The innoxious combination depickling dust pelletizing system of described incineration flue gas of household garbage, also comprises flying dust recycling subsystem, and this subsystem comprises flying dust recovery channel and flying dust reclaims blower; Flying dust recovery channel collects the flying dust exported bottom described secondary cloth bag reactor, reclaims blower the flying dust reclaimed is sent into one-level cloth bag reactor recycling through one-level cloth bag input channel by flying dust.
The innoxious combination depickling dust pelletizing system of described incineration flue gas of household garbage, also comprise flying dust and discharge subsystem, this subsystem comprises ash bucket, fly ash carry equipment, Hui Ku; The bottom that ash bucket is connected to spraying reaction tower or one-level cloth bag reactor or secondary cloth bag reactor in turn is respectively used to trapping and stores the flying dust of spraying reaction tower or one-level cloth bag reactor or the discharge of secondary cloth bag reactor; Ash bucket collect flying dust, be transported to grey storehouse by fly ash carry equipment.
Compared with the existing technology comparatively, the beneficial effect of the inventive method and system is: add slaked lime powder and reaction promoter in one-level and/or secondary cloth bag reactor simultaneously, make the first time in one-level and/or secondary cloth bag reactor and second time adsorption reaction and second time more abundant with third time depickling reaction, the dust in incineration flue gas of household garbage can be made, heavy metal is with the discharge of bioxin and the discharge of sour gas reduce further, thus make the incineration flue gas of household garbage after processing reach the incineration flue gas of household garbage emission request even exceeding higher standard.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the system block diagram of the first preferred embodiment of the incineration flue gas of household garbage treatment system that the present invention relates to;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the system block diagram of second preferred embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the proportioning schematic diagram of the slaked lime powder corresponding to the present invention's three grades of depickling reactions;
Fig. 5 is the proportioning schematic diagram of the activated carbon powder corresponding to secondary absorption of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the proportioning schematic diagram of the reaction promoter corresponding to secondary absorption of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The innoxious combination depickling dust collection method of incineration flue gas of household garbage involved in the present invention and system, incineration flue gas of household garbage through carrying out once at spraying reaction tower, firsts and seconds cloth bag reactor, secondary and three depicklings reaction, especially in firsts and seconds cloth bag reactor, add secondary and three depicklings reaction of slaked lime powder, fully can remove sour gas wherein; Adsorb the pollution of effective removal heavy metal and bioxin simultaneously through the activated carbon powder of firsts and seconds cloth bag reactor and reaction promoter, be especially applicable to the incineration flue gas of household garbage process that sour gas and heavy metal, content of dioxin are more.
The incineration flue gas of household garbage combined type depickling dust collection method that the present invention relates to and system utilize spray-dired principle to spray in spraying reaction tower by niter mortar, after incineration flue gas of household garbage enters spraying reaction tower, calcium hydroxide slurries are delivered on rotary atomizer by stock pump, rotary atomizer carries out rotation at a high speed and calcium hydroxide slurries is shed into tiny droplet, fully contact with the sour gas in incineration flue gas of household garbage in spraying reaction tower and carry out depickling neutralization reaction, flue gas of refuse burning reaches the object of depickling, the product calcium salt generated is discharged at the bottom of spraying reaction tower, the heat of flue gas of refuse burning is utilized to provide the reaction temperature of depickling chemistry absorption reaction the best on the other hand, the mealy solid particle that moisture evaporation in the niter mortar droplet sprayed into forms drying is collected by the heat of flue gas of refuse burning simultaneously, and the product section formed complete depickling reaction in spraying reaction tower after exports discharge by bottom cone in tower.
The deacidification system carrying out first time depickling reaction comprises spraying reaction tower, rotary atomization device, tower bottom ash bucket; Waste incineration outlet of still enters spraying reaction tower containing the incineration flue gas of household garbage of acid gas and carries out depickling process.Depickling calcium hydroxide slurries are inputted by measuring pump in spraying reaction tower, by the droplet of High Rotation Speed atomizing disk by calcium hydroxide slurry spraying particle diameter about 150 ~ 200 μm, and fully contact with sour gas, after there is chemical reaction, remove sour gas most in flue gas. simultaneouslyIn spraying reaction tower, flue gas and reacted droplet are all following current sedimentation, in course of reaction, droplet absorbs the continuous transpiring moisture of heat in flue gas, is able to flue gas institute water content before flue gas discharges spraying reaction tower and fully evaporates, and discharging lime-ash at the bottom of spraying reaction tower is dry dust.
Water and calcium hydroxide proportioning mix and blend are made by niter mortar preparation system by calcium hydroxide slurries, and niter mortar preparation system mainly comprises: comprise the first water tank 261, first niter ash silo 262, niter mortar storage tank 263, niter mortar measuring pump 264; First niter ash silo 262 is connected with niter mortar storage tank 263 respectively with the first water tank 261, water in calcium hydroxide in first niter ash silo 262 and the first water tank 261 is mixed to form niter mortar in niter mortar storage tank 263, and niter mortar pumps into the niter mortar atomizer 116 at spraying reaction tower 115 top through niter mortar measuring pump 264; Described first niter ash silo 262 also comprises the fluidizer for preventing powder from putting up a bridge; Described fluidizer comprises the fluidized plate with compressed air input interface be arranged on the first niter ash silo 262 headwall, and compressed air input fluidized plate makes the slaked lime powder producing fluidisation state in calcium hydroxide storage bin.
The granularity preparing niter mortar 85% content is 200 object slaked lime powders, slaked lime powder ships from tank car factory, by tank car directly by Geldart-D particle to lime storage bin, storage bin stores the two cover systems slaked lime powder consumption of about three days, level-sensing device is provided with, the material level situation of monitoring storage bin in storage bin; The Cang Ding of storage bin is provided with pulse bag type dust collector, can collect dust, and the storing of collection is regularly input to storage bin again and utilizes; Storage bin ash headwall is provided with fluidized plate, enters fluidized plate and produces dust fluidisation state, put up a bridge to prevent powder by compressed air; Slaked lime powder sends into groove with slurry after adjusting the feed quantity of slaked lime powder by the meter of batcher, adjustable speed, and it is that 6 ~ 15% calcium hydroxide ororrheas flow to for stock tank that the stirring that adds water in pond with slurry is mixed with solid content concentration.The spraying system of spraying reaction tower is delivered to by niter mortar measuring pump, controlling by entering the flue gas monitoring concentration after air-introduced machine for slurries amount of niter mortar for the calcium hydroxide slurries in stock tank.
Flue gas of refuse burning from spraying reaction tower out, successively enters in one-level cloth bag reactor and secondary cloth bag reactor; Simultaneously spraying reaction tower flue gas out is also entrained with spraying reaction tower medium-slaking lime and starch the acid powders transformed and continue to carry out secondary and three depicklings are reacted at one-level cloth bag reactor and secondary cloth bag reactor.
The unreacted sour gas of part flows into one-level cloth bag reactor, carries out further secondary and three depickling neutralization reactions by spraying into slaked lime powder by roots blower in the connecting pipe of spraying reaction tower and one-level cloth bag reactor further to sour gas; And spray into activated carbon powder and reaction promoter by roots blower at one-level cloth bag reactor and secondary cloth bag reactor, in removal flue gas, dust, heavy metal are with bioxin, spray into activated carbon powder and reaction promoter adsorbs poisonous and hazardous heavy metal and organic compound, the calcium salt that dust and reaction generate and after being filtered trapping by the heavy metal etc. adsorbed, is discharged by the bottom ash bucket of each reaction part; Incineration flue gas of household garbage flows into secondary cloth bag reactor after one-level cloth bag reactor, the connecting pipe of firsts and seconds cloth bag reactor sprays into activated carbon powder, calcium hydroxide, reaction promoter make the remaining harmful components in incineration flue gas of household garbage be adequately processed, the incineration flue gas of household garbage after processed enters chimney through air-introduced machine and enters air.
The collection of dust is removed and is comprised two parts, and a part removes the dust particle of flue gas of refuse burning, completes dust removal process primarily of one-level, secondary cloth bag reactor; The main dedusting of cloth bag reactor, also fully reacted further by flue gas and calcium hydroxide by cloth bag simultaneously, fixed bed reactors are equivalent to because the unreacted lime particle of part is adsorbed on filter bag surface, sour gas in incineration flue gas of household garbage is after filter bag surface completes depickling reaction, stored by ash bucket by filter bag of dust collector trap filter, then deliver to large grey storehouse by conveyer.The collection of another part dust is made up of the storehouse smpa pulse deduster that each material storage silo is installed, and forms dust cause air pollution for preventing the raw material in native system running.
In order to removal heavy metal is effectively Ji bioxin, arrange activated carbon and reaction promoter entrance at spraying reaction tower exhaust pass, described activated carbon powder injection subsystem 150 also comprises at least one controlled activated carbon powder and joins powder machine 154 outputs to one-level cloth bag reactor 122 and/or secondary cloth bag reactor 132 amount for controlling activated carbon powder; Described slaked lime powder injection subsystem 140 also comprises at least one controlled slaked lime powder and joins powder machine 144 outputs to one-level cloth bag reactor 122 and/or secondary cloth bag reactor 132 amount for controlling calcium hydroxide; Described reaction promoter injection subsystem 160 also comprises at least one controllable reaction auxiliary agent and joins powder machine 164 outputs to one-level cloth bag reactor 122 and/or secondary cloth bag reactor 132 amount for controlling calcium hydroxide.
For the first time, second time and three depicklings react spray into niter mortar, slaked lime powder quantity can carry out automatic closed loop control according to the result of flue gas detecting system, the raw-material amount of reasonable distribution links input, make the deacidification effect of system best, the raw material adopted are minimum.
As shown in figs. 1 and 3, the connecting pipe of air-introduced machine and chimney is provided with fume emission detection subsystem 180, by fume emission detection subsystem, various arranging in incineration flue gas of household garbage point is detected, and data feedback will be detected to control centre, control centre can adjust the amount of calcium hydroxide slurries that links sprays into, activated carbon powder, calcium hydroxide, reaction promoter automatically according to current flue gas monitoring data parameters, to guarantee the complete qualified qualified discharge of flue gas; The amount of the calcium hydroxide slurries that control centre also can be sprayed into by artificial master control adjustment links according to current demand for control, activated carbon powder, calcium hydroxide, reaction promoter, to guarantee the complete qualified qualified discharge of flue gas.
The automated measurement &control of the assembled smoke gas treatment system in the present invention adopts calculator automatic monitored control system.Can carry out operational factor to flue gas processing device automatically detect and store, key parameter is carried out and is automatically regulated, and makes flue gas processing device realize Automated condtrol.Whole flue gas purification system computer automatic control system adopts collective and distributive type control structure.First by the current process situation of field terminal unit to each process point, carry out real time on-line monitoring and operated from a distance independently, its corresponding upper process control equipment PLC carries out information interchange again simultaneously, to ensure that upper process control equipment is to the information of corresponding technique and process, to realize every monitoring requirement of upper industrial control computer.System has two ore control function, improves reliability and the security of control system.By PLC, data communication network and main website upper control industrial computer are connected simultaneously, and real-time online controlling and adjustment is carried out to process operation situation.Make both to be well positioned to meet environmental protection and export requirement, processing procedure also high-efficiency and economic simultaneously.
Fume emission detection subsystem 180, comprises fume emission detection subsystem 180, and this system comprises acidic gas concentration monitoring device 181, air-introduced machine 182 and chimney 183; After acidic gas concentration monitoring device 181 is positioned at air-introduced machine 182, before chimney 183; Before air-introduced machine 182 is positioned at acidic gas concentration monitoring device 181; Acidic gas concentration monitoring device 181 for monitoring acidic gas concentration in incineration flue gas of household garbage discharge, and regulates according to monitoring the acidic gas concentration obtained the niter mortar amount inputted from spraying reaction tower 115 top; When acidic gas concentration monitoring device 181 monitors that in incineration flue gas of household garbage discharge, acidic gas concentration is greater than acidic gas concentration numerical value in the discharge of default incineration flue gas of household garbage, strengthen the niter mortar amount of spraying reaction tower 115 top input; When acidic gas concentration monitoring device 181 monitors that in incineration flue gas of household garbage discharge, acidic gas concentration is less than acidic gas concentration numerical value in the discharge of default incineration flue gas of household garbage, can maintain or reduce the niter mortar amount of spraying reaction tower 115 top input.
As shown in Figure 1, the innoxious combination depickling dust pelletizing system of incineration flue gas of household garbage also comprises ash bucket 190, fly ash carry equipment, grey storehouse 194; The bottom that ash bucket 190 is connected to spraying reaction tower 115 or one-level cloth bag reactor 122 or secondary cloth bag reactor 132 in turn is respectively used to trapping and stores the flying dust of spraying reaction tower 115 or one-level cloth bag reactor 122 or secondary cloth bag reactor 132 output; The bottom of spraying reaction tower 115 or one-level cloth bag reactor 122 or secondary cloth bag reactor 132 discharge flying dust, be transported to grey storehouse 194 by fly ash carry equipment.
The innoxious combination depickling dust collection method of one way of life flue gas of refuse burning as shown in Figure 2, comprises the following steps: incineration flue gas of household garbage is introduced spraying reaction tower 115 by b.; C. through atomizer 116 from described spraying reaction tower 115 top the niter mortar of storage sprayed and get rid of into aerosolized particles and down shed in spraying reaction tower 115 cavity; D. described acid gas in flue gas and niter mortar droplet complete first time depickling and reacts, become spraying reaction tower 115 and export the gas for the first time i.e. reacted incineration flue gas of household garbage of depickling; The heat of this incineration flue gas of household garbage is by the water evaporates in the calcium hydroxide slurries sprayed into, the powdered granule forming drying simultaneously, and the powdered granule product formed after depickling reaction is discharged by the outlet at bottom of spraying reaction tower 115; E. the activated carbon powder in activated carbon powder storehouse 151 is injected one-level cloth bag reactor 122 and/or secondary cloth bag reactor 132; F. the slaked lime powder in the second niter ash silo 141 is injected the step of one-level cloth bag reactor 122 and/or secondary cloth bag reactor 132; G. the reaction promoter in reaction promoter storehouse 161 is injected the step of one-level cloth bag reactor 122 and/or secondary cloth bag reactor 132; H. the reacted incineration flue gas of household garbage of first time depickling enters one-level cloth bag reactor 122; I. secondary cloth bag reactor 132 is entered through the reacted described flue gas of one-level cloth bag reactor 122.
In step h and i, incineration flue gas of household garbage completes second time and third time depickling reaction respectively in firsts and seconds cloth bag reactor (122,132); The niter mortar droplet injected when respectively this second and third depickling reaction all relies on first time depickling reaction carries out, and also completes further second and third time depickling reaction by the slaked lime powder in one-level and/or secondary cloth bag reactor (122,132) simultaneously; Simultaneously described incineration flue gas of household garbage also in one-level and/or secondary cloth bag reactor (122,132) by activated carbon powder wherein and reaction promoter absorption, removal heavy metal with bioxin, adsorbed heavy metal with the active carbon particle of bioxin and reaction promoter are discharged by the outlet at bottom of described one-level and/or secondary cloth bag reactor (122,132).
In described step f, also comprise utilize controlled slaked lime powder to join step that powder machine 144 controls to export slaked lime powder flow.In described step g, also comprise and utilize controllable reaction auxiliary agent to join powder machine 164 to control the step of output-response auxiliary agent flow.In described step e, also comprise and utilize controlled activated carbon powder to join powder machine 154 to control the step of activated carbon powder injection rate.
Before described step b, also comprise the preparation of following niter mortar and the step that pumps into: a1. first niter ash silo 262 by the fluidizer on its headwall, by the slaked lime powder fluidisation in it; A2. the slaked lime powder of fluidisation state and water are mixed to form the niter mortar that solid content concentration is 6 ~ 15%, are stored in niter mortar storagetank 263; A3. by niter mortar measuring pump 264, described calcium hydroxide stock pump is entered in the niter mortar atomizer 116 at spraying reaction tower 115 top.
In described step a2, the solid content concentration range of niter mortar is 10% ~ 15%.
Inject the slaked lime powder for preparing niter mortar from the first niter ash silo 262 and inject the slaked lime powder of firsts and seconds cloth bag reactor (122,132) from the second niter ash silo 141, the quality proportioning that slaked lime powder is injected at three places is 7:2:1.
Inject the slaked lime powder for preparing niter mortar from the first niter ash silo 262 and inject the slaked lime powder of firsts and seconds cloth bag reactor (122,132) from the second niter ash silo 141, the slaked lime powder gross mass that three places are injected is 100:3 to 100:5 with the quality proportioning of the activated carbon powder injecting firsts and seconds cloth bag reactor (122,132) from activated carbon powder storehouse 151.
The quality proportioning injecting the activated carbon powder of one-level cloth bag reactor 122 and secondary cloth bag reactor 132 from activated carbon powder storehouse 151 is 7:3.
Before described step b, also comprise the preparation of following niter mortar and the step that pumps into: a1. first niter ash silo 262 by the fluidizer on its headwall, by the slaked lime powder fluidisation in it; A2. the slaked lime powder of fluidisation state and water are mixed to form the niter mortar that solid content concentration is 6 ~ 15%, are stored in niter mortar storagetank 263; A3. by niter mortar measuring pump 264, described calcium hydroxide stock pump is entered in the niter mortar atomizer 116 at spraying reaction tower 115 top.
From current experimental result statistics, usually often burning one ton of house refuse needs consumption 10 kilograms of calcium hydroxides, 0.3 to 0.5 kilogram of activated carbon powder, 2.4 kilograms of reaction promoters; Because the new method that the present invention relates to adopts the mode of tertiary treatment, and niter mortar sprays neutralization reaction, one-level cloth bag calcium hydroxide dry-spray neutralization reaction, secondary cloth bag calcium hydroxide dry-spray neutralization reaction, the quality proportioning of the calcium hydroxide of its correspondence is 70%:20%:10%; Actual motion medium-slaking lime slurry configuration slaked lime powder used accounts for 70% that is 7 kilograms, the water be in harmonious proportion is 63 kilograms, the i.e. niter mortar concentration of 10%, niter mortar adjustable concentration scope 6% ~ 15%, when being less than 6%, the moisture of proportioning strengthens, and easily wall is stuck with paste at the wet end, higher than 15% time increasing concentrations pipeline easily block, simultaneously the rotating speed of atomizing disk must add great talent and can be atomized, and effect is poor on the contrary.The concentration of certain niter mortar can also be 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%.
As shown in Figure 4, the slaked lime powder of 70% carries out the configuration of niter mortar to the proportioning figure of the slaked lime powder corresponding to three grades of depicklings reaction, and the solid content concentration of the niter mortar of configuration is 6 ~ 15%, and the water namely added during its configuration is 94 ~ 85% enter spraying reaction tower; The slaked lime powder of 20% enters one-level cloth bag reactor, and the slaked lime powder injection rate of this part is adjustable between 0 ~ 20%; The slaked lime powder of 10% enters secondary cloth bag reactor, and the slaked lime powder injection rate of this part is adjustable between 0 ~ 10%.When the sour gas related data of flue gas detecting system monitoring show increase trend time, only need finely tune in 0 ~ 10% of secondary cloth bag; When the sour gas related data of flue gas detecting system monitoring shows existing increasing, namely secondary cloth bag slaked lime powder injection rate 0 ~ 10% fine setting can not meet last fume emission require time, the slaked lime powder amount of adjustment one-level cloth bag, until guarantee fume emission data qualifier; When the adjustment of the slaked lime powder amount of secondary and one-level cloth bag all cannot make the flue gas after processing meet discharge standard, the adjustment niter mortar concentration sprayed in spraying reaction tower carries out the control exporting acid gas emissions; Under normal operation, the benchmark of niter mortar, by the slurrying of 10% solid content concentration, adjusts between 6% ~ 15% according to data monitoring feedback.
As shown in Figure 5, firsts and seconds cloth bag activated carbon powder sprays absorption to the proportioning figure of the activated carbon powder corresponding to the absorption of second order activity charcoal, and the quality proportioning of the activated carbon powder of its correspondence is 7:3; The activated carbon powder of 70% enters one-level cloth bag reactor, and the activated carbon powder injection rate of this part is adjustable between 0 ~ 0.5kg/ ton; The activated carbon powder of 30% enters secondary cloth bag reactor, and the activated carbon powder injection rate of this part is adjustable between 0 ~ 0.3kg/ ton.
When flue gas detecting system monitor dioxin emission data have higher trend time, the activated carbon powder injection rate of adjustment secondary cloth bag; When flue gas detecting system monitor dioxin emission data higher time, strengthen the activated carbon powder injection rate of one-level cloth bag; Under normal circumstances, the consumption of activated carbon powder is benchmark is inject 70% amount with the activated carbon powder of one-level cloth bag.Certain said ratio not definitely, can be monitored in real time according to on-the-spot emission behaviour and adjust concrete proportioning, finally reach discharge standard for optimal objective with most economical consumption.Above-mentioned slaked lime powder and activated carbon powder are dry powder, and its Mass Calculation carries out proportioning calculating with the quality of dry powder.
Inject the slaked lime powder for preparing niter mortar from the first niter ash silo 262 and inject the slaked lime powder of firsts and seconds cloth bag reactor (122,132) from the second niter ash silo 141, the slaked lime powder gross mass that three places are injected is 100:24 with the quality proportioning of the reaction promoter injecting firsts and seconds cloth bag reactor (122,132) from reaction promoter storehouse 161.
As shown in Figure 6, firsts and seconds cloth bag reaction promoter sprays absorption to the proportioning of the reaction promoter corresponding to the absorption of second order reaction auxiliary agent, and the quality proportioning of the reaction promoter of its correspondence is 7:3; The reaction promoter of 70% enters one-level cloth bag reactor, and the reaction promoter injection rate of this part is adjustable between 0 ~ 3kg/ ton; The reaction promoter of 30% enters secondary cloth bag reactor, and the reaction promoter injection rate of this part is adjustable between 0 ~ 1kg/ ton.
When the heavy metal that flue gas detecting system monitors with when dioxin emission data have higher trend, the reaction promoter injection rate of adjustment secondary cloth bag; When flue gas detecting system monitor dioxin emission data higher time, strengthen the reaction promoter injection rate of one-level cloth bag; Under normal circumstances, the consumption benchmark of reaction promoter is with the reaction promoter amount of one-level cloth bag injection 70%.Certain said ratio not definitely, can be monitored in real time according to on-the-spot emission behaviour and adjust concrete proportioning, finally reach discharge standard for optimal objective with most economical consumption.Above-mentioned slaked lime powder and activated carbon powder and reaction promoter are dry powder, and its Mass Calculation carries out proportioning calculating with the quality of dry powder.
The innoxious combination depickling dust collection method of one way of life flue gas of refuse burning also comprises the step of the flying dust recycling exported by secondary cloth bag reactor 132, the flying dust that secondary cloth bag reactor 132 exports, and imports in one-level cloth bag reactor 122 and recycles.When one-level or secondary cloth bag reactor (122,132) are all filled with same reaction mass, be such as filled with calcium hydroxide and/or reaction promoter simultaneously; Depickling in secondary cloth bag reactor 132 reactor and adsorption reaction are very sufficient often, therefore the reaction mass inputting secondary cloth bag reactor 132 may be caused to have some residual, if directly discharge or recovery can shine into raw-material waste, and it is uneconomical, therefore utilize flying dust recycling system and step to export this part to reclaim, make the more economic environmental protection of system.
Flying dust recycling subsystem comprises flying dust recovery channel and flying dust reclaims blower; Flying dust recovery channel collects the flying dust exported bottom described secondary cloth bag reactor 132, by flying dust recovery blower, the flying dust of recovery is sent into one-level cloth bag reactor 122 through one-level cloth bag input channel 121 and recycles.
The innoxious combination depickling dust collection method of one way of life flue gas of refuse burning also comprises flying dust and discharges step, ash bucket 190 bottom fly ash carry equipment connection to spraying reaction tower 115 or one-level cloth bag reactor 122 or secondary cloth bag reactor 132, stores in the fly ash carry collected by ash bucket 190 to grey storehouse 194.The dust that spray reaction tower bottom is discharged is risen in waste residue storehouse by drag conveyor.
Above-mentioned b and c two steps are order in no particular order, can carry out simultaneously; Above-mentioned steps e, these three steps of f, g are order in no particular order, can carry out simultaneously; If the reaction material of above-mentioned steps h and i step input one-level cloth bag reactor 122 and secondary cloth bag reactor 132 be same material and equivalent when be equivalent, can exchange; Even but when the material inputted is variant or input same material, but when inequality, be not then equal to and can not exchange.
Also spray into slaked lime powder at one-level cloth bag reactor and secondary cloth bag reactor, in flue gas of refuse burning, the unreacted sour gas of part is by one-level cloth bag reactor and secondary cloth bag reactor and more sufficient secondary occurs slaked lime powder and three depicklings are reacted; Guarantee that the harmful components in flue gas of refuse burning are thoroughly processed, flue gas up to standard is discharged through chimney.Adsorbed the dust in flue gas of refuse burning, heavy metal at one-level cloth bag reactor and secondary cloth bag reactor with bioxin, the reaction formed and adsorbed product and flying dust are by the discharge of reactor bottom ash bucket.
For the first time, second time and three depicklings reaction comprise following depickling neutralization reaction chemical formula:
2 HCl+Ca（OH）
2= CaCl
2+2H
2O
SO
2+H
2O= H
2SO
3
H
2SO
3+Ca（OH）
2= CaSO
3+ 2H
2O
SO
2+Ca（OH）
2=CaSO
3+ H
2O
2CaSO
3+O
2=2CaSO
4
2HF+ Ca（OH）
2= CaF
2+2H
2O
Can spray into active carbon, slaked lime powder, reaction promoter at one-level cloth bag reactor and secondary cloth bag reactor, in flue gas of refuse burning, dust, heavy metal He bioxin are occurring by one-level cloth bag reactor and secondary cloth bag reactor and reaction promoter once to react with second adsorption more fully simultaneously; Guarantee that the harmful components in flue gas of refuse burning are thoroughly processed, flue gas up to standard is discharged through chimney.Adsorbed the dust in flue gas of refuse burning, heavy metal at one-level cloth bag reactor and secondary cloth bag reactor with bioxin, the reaction formed and adsorbed product and flying dust are by the discharge of reactor bottom ash bucket.
Active carbon blower 152, calcium hydroxide blower 142 and reaction promoter blower 162 can be respectively one, also can be two, or even multiple; The quantity of active carbon blower 152, calcium hydroxide blower 142 and reaction promoter blower 162 can carry out man-to-man configuration according to the quantity of cloth bag reactor, namely has one-level cloth bag reactor will to should the active carbon blower 152 of level, calcium hydroxide blower 142 and reaction promoter blower 162; Also multiple active carbon blower 152 or calcium hydroxide blower 142 or reaction promoter blower 162 can be added before one-level cloth bag reactor, the active carbon blower 152 now increased or calcium hydroxide blower 142 and reaction promoter blower 162 its blow ability and one-level cloth bag reactor needs the amounts of activated carbon of input or niter ash quantity or reaction promoter flux matched, ensure the various reaction materials measured to send in the cloth bag reactor corresponding with it totally.
The absorption occurred in one-level cloth bag reactor 122 and/or secondary cloth bag reactor 132 comprises charcoal absorption and reaction promoter absorption.Active carbon is nonpolar molecule, be easy to adsorb nonpolar or that polarity is very low material, poor to polar ion absorption, common process only has charcoal absorption, due to garbage flue gas complicated component, the absorption only by active carbon fully and completely can not process harmful heavy metal with bioxin, and this technique emphasis adds the reaction promoter of absorption targetedly, ensure that the various harmful components in flue gas can be adsorbed, guarantee the qualified discharge of flue gas.
The composition of reaction promoter: diatomite+atlapulgite+activated bauxite; Reaction promoter is mainly made up of several porous materials of construction; this porous microcellular structure has special physicochemical property; there is extraordinary adsorptivity; spray in the flue that flue gas passes through; its material harmful to flue gas is at the volley made to contact fully and adsorb; the reaction promoter progressively piled up is formed on filter bag surface and effectively filters protective layer, absorption harmful substances from flue gases and steam further, thus ensures that the flue gas of discharge meets environmental requirement.
Diatomite: have the advantages that loose, fine and smooth, light weight, porous, water suction, oil absorbency 115% and permeability are strong, and there is special structure structure make it have many special technology and physical property, as large porosity, stronger adsorptivity, antiwear heat resisting, well carrier.Diatomite surface is with elecrtonegativity, and can neutralize de-steady for positively charged heavy metal contaminants, in its space, physical absorption occurs, the rate of adsorption is very fast, effectively can adsorb Cd
2+, Pb
2+, Hg
2+, Sr
2+deng.
Atlapulgite: there is nontoxic, odorless, tasteless and adsorption capacity is very strong, make through mineral acid treatment drying, good adsorption effect is had to coloring matter, organic substance in flue gas, and there is the function of good adsorb peculiar smell, have suction-operated to radioactive substance, and absorption steam plays desiccation.
Activated bauxite: have porous, high degree of dispersion, have very large surface area, its micropore surface has the characteristic required by catalytic action, absorption property, surface-active, excellent heat endurance, good catalyst carrier.Water absorption is large, and rate of drying is fast, effectively can remove the toxic component HF in flue gas and arsenic.Best to the adsorptivity of mercury, because alumina has good adsorptive selectivity, to Cd to mercury
2+absorption also very good.
Reaction promoter primary attachment to as if: in the middle of the flue gas that waste incineration produces, it mainly contains sour gas and is removed by calcium hydroxide neutralization reaction, remaining harmful substance mainly heavy metal and organic compounds etc.Reaction promoter, mainly for the absorption of heavy metal and organic compounds, also has extraordinary suction-operated to HF acid.
Reaction promoter primary attachment pollutant tables of data:
Incineration flue gas of household garbage combined type depickling dedusting integration process system involved in the present invention combines " dry method " technique on " semidry method " process system basis, have chosen the advantage of two kinds of techniques, coordinated secondary cloth bag reactor simultaneously, the cloth bag reactor inlet pipeline of every one-level sprays calcium hydroxide, reaction promoter and charcoal absorption, effectively removes harmful and noxious substance in incineration flue gas of household garbage step by step, first incineration flue gas of household garbage enters rotating spraying reaction tower, after reacting with the lime slurry generation chemical neutralization of atomization, enter one-level bag reactor system again, spray into calcium hydroxide simultaneously, active carbon and reaction promoter, depickling is proceeded on cloth bag surface, adsorption reaction, after one-level depickling adsorption cleaning, most flue dust and harmful substance are got off by Bag filter, harmful components remaining in incineration flue gas of household garbage enter secondary cloth bag reactor, by fume emission detection subsystem 180 feedback information, spray into reaction promoter or adsorbent targetedly, reach the object thoroughly removing noxious material, flue gas after purification is through smoke stack emission.
This technique adds secondary cloth bag reactor and promotes the reaction promoter add-on system of reaction effect and the dry powder spraying system of calcium hydroxide on existing house refuse depickling dust collecting process, by adding the system of this three aspect, incineration flue gas of household garbage purification can reach the discharge standard of European Union 2000 completely, and dust emission surpasses EU criteria.
Adopt the implementation effect of incineration flue gas of household garbage combined type depickling dedusting integration process of the present invention as follows:
1, group technology adopts High Rotation Speed atomizer to carry out spraying depickling reaction to harmful incineration flue gas of household garbage at spraying reaction tower, take full advantage of the advantage that the rotating spraying depickling reaction effect of semidry method is good, remove sour gas in incineration flue gas of household garbage, deacidification efficiency can reach more than 90%;
2, utilize dry method to spray into slaked lime powder technique and improve deacidification efficiency further, effectively improving clearance can reach more than 98%, meets high-level environmental requirement fully;
3, the efficiency of dust collection of one-level cloth bag reactor can reach 99%, for ensureing the absolute qualified discharge of dust, stopping PM2.5 and exceeding standard, so group technology adopts secondary cloth bag reactor, efficiency of dust collection can reach more than 99.998%, the almost nil discharge of dust, meets the highest environment protection emission requirement completely;
What 4, assembled technological adopted is three grades of depickling modes, namely slurries depickling is sprayed in one-level spraying reaction tower, secondary sprays slaked lime powder depickling on cloth bag reactor inlet pipeline, three grades are sprayed dry powder depickling further at two cloth bag, solve the difficult problem that single one-level depickling is difficult to effectively remove sour gas;
5, assembled technological adopts secondary absorption removal heavy metal with bioxin poisonous substance, first on one-level cloth bag reactor inlet duct, acticarbon is sprayed into, guarantee that higher adsorption efficiency sprays adsorbent further at secondary cloth bag reactor, meet environment protection emission requirement completely;
6, group technology adds the interpolation of reaction promoter, reaction promoter can ensure that smooth, ventilative, the promotion of filter bag are adsorbed more abundant, there is huge specific area and numerous ducts, simultaneously containing a large amount of active groups and negative electrical charge, can heavy metal ion well in adsorbed gas.
Along with country requires also increasingly strict to waste incineration environment protection emission, the various pollutant emission index of considered critical in " consumer waste incineration Environmental capacity " new standard that State Bureau of Environmental Protection promulgates, this standard has been revised for 2014, and wherein leading indicator limits as follows: flue dust: 10mg/m
3hCl:10mg/m
3sO
2: 50mg/m
3hg:0.1mg/m
3hF:1mg/m
3bioxin: 0.1ngTEQ/m
3that semidry method or dry process technique are all difficult to meet the environmental protection standard day by day improved, novel combined type treatment process have chosen the advantage of two kinds of techniques, and add two cloth bag reactor and carry out advanced treating, add reaction promoter in process simultaneously, make smoke reaction more fully more perfect, solve the halfway problem of incineration flue gas of household garbage process, ensure that indices absolute meet environment protection emission requirement, meet and be better than the discharge standard of European Union completely.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize description of the invention and accompanying drawing content to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the innoxious combination depickling dust collection method of one way of life flue gas of refuse burning, comprises the following steps:
B. incineration flue gas of household garbage is introduced spraying reaction tower (115);
C. through atomizer (116) from described spraying reaction tower (115) top the niter mortar of storage sprayed and get rid of into aerosolized particles and down shed in spraying reaction tower (115) cavity;
D. described acid gas in flue gas and niter mortar droplet complete first time depickling and reacts, become spraying reaction tower (115) and export the gas for the first time i.e. reacted incineration flue gas of household garbage of depickling; The heat of this incineration flue gas of household garbage is by the water evaporates in the calcium hydroxide slurries sprayed into, the powdered granule forming drying simultaneously, and the powdered granule product formed after depickling reaction is discharged by the outlet at bottom of spraying reaction tower (115);
E. the activated carbon powder in activated carbon powder storehouse (151) is injected one-level cloth bag reactor (122) and/or secondary cloth bag reactor (132);
F. the slaked lime powder in the second niter ash silo (141) is injected the step of one-level cloth bag reactor (122) and/or secondary cloth bag reactor (132);
G. the reaction promoter in reaction promoter storehouse (161) is injected the step of one-level cloth bag reactor (122) and/or secondary cloth bag reactor (132);
H. the reacted incineration flue gas of household garbage of first time depickling enters one-level cloth bag reactor (122);
I. secondary cloth bag reactor (132) is entered through the reacted described flue gas of one-level cloth bag reactor (122);
In step h and i, incineration flue gas of household garbage completes second time and third time depickling reaction respectively in firsts and seconds cloth bag reactor (122,132); The niter mortar droplet injected when respectively this second and third depickling reaction all relies on first time depickling reaction carries out, and also completes further second and third time depickling reaction by the slaked lime powder in one-level and/or secondary cloth bag reactor (122,132) simultaneously; Simultaneously described incineration flue gas of household garbage also in one-level and/or secondary cloth bag reactor (122,132) by activated carbon powder wherein and reaction promoter absorption, removal heavy metal with bioxin, adsorbed heavy metal with the active carbon particle of bioxin and reaction promoter are discharged by the outlet at bottom of described one-level and/or secondary cloth bag reactor (122,132).
2. the innoxious combination depickling dust collection method of incineration flue gas of household garbage according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step f, also comprises utilize controlled slaked lime powder to join step that powder machine (144) controls to export slaked lime powder flow.
3. the innoxious combination depickling dust collection method of incineration flue gas of household garbage according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step g, also comprises utilize controllable reaction auxiliary agent to join step that powder machine (164) controls output-response auxiliary agent flow.
4. the innoxious combination depickling dust collection method of incineration flue gas of household garbage according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step e, also comprises utilize controlled activated carbon powder to join step that powder machine (154) controls activated carbon powder injection rate.
5. the innoxious combination depickling dust collection method of incineration flue gas of household garbage according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the step also comprising the preparation of following niter mortar and pump into before described step b:
A1. the first niter ash silo (262) is by the fluidizer on its headwall, by the slaked lime powder fluidisation in it;
A2. the slaked lime powder of fluidisation state and water are mixed to form the niter mortar that solid content concentration is 6 ~ 15%, are stored in niter mortar storagetank (263);
A3. by niter mortar measuring pump (264), described calcium hydroxide stock pump is entered in the niter mortar atomizer (116) at spraying reaction tower (115) top.
6. the innoxious combination depickling dust collection method of incineration flue gas of household garbage according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise the step flying dust that secondary cloth bag reactor (132) exports being imported to recycling in one-level cloth bag reactor (122).
7. the innoxious combination depickling dust collection method of incineration flue gas of household garbage according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises the step that flying dust is collected and discharged; Ash bucket (190) bottom fly ash carry equipment connection to spraying reaction tower (115) or one-level cloth bag reactor (122) or secondary cloth bag reactor (132), stores in the fly ash carry collected by ash bucket (190) to grey storehouse (194).
8. the innoxious combination depickling dust pelletizing system of one way of life flue gas of refuse burning, is characterized in that, comprising:
Spraying reaction tower subsystem (110), this subsystem comprises again spraying reaction tower (115) and is arranged on the niter mortar atomizer (116) at its top; Described niter mortar is got rid of the droplet that nebulizes and sheds in spraying reaction tower (115) cavity by this atomizer (116) High Rotation Speed; Incineration flue gas of household garbage is from flue gas input interface input spraying reaction tower (115) of spraying reaction tower (115) side; Niter mortar droplet fully contacts with the incineration flue gas of household garbage in spraying reaction tower (115), complete first time depickling reacts; Export through the flue gas output interface (118) of the reacted described flue gas of first time depickling from spraying reaction tower (115) side;
One-level cloth bag reaction subsystem (120), comprises one-level cloth bag reactor (122) and one-level cloth bag input channel (121); The input of described one-level cloth bag input channel (121) and output, be connected with the flue gas output interface (118) of spraying reaction tower subsystem (110) and the input of one-level cloth bag reactor (122) respectively, one-level cloth bag reactor (122) will be introduced through the reacted incineration flue gas of household garbage of spraying reaction tower subsystem (110) first time depickling;
Secondary cloth bag reaction subsystem (130), comprises secondary cloth bag reactor (132) and secondary cloth bag input channel (131); The input of described secondary cloth bag input channel (131) and output, be connected with the output of one-level cloth bag reactor (122) and the input of secondary cloth bag reactor (132) respectively, secondary cloth bag reaction subsystem (130) will be introduced through the reacted incineration flue gas of household garbage of one-level cloth bag reactor (122);
Activated carbon powder injects subsystem (150), comprises activated carbon powder storehouse (151), activated carbon powder blower (152); Activated carbon powder in activated carbon powder storehouse (151) is sent into one-level cloth bag reactor (122) and/or secondary cloth bag reactor (132) by one-level cloth bag input channel (121) and/or secondary cloth bag input channel (131) by activated carbon powder blower (152);
Reaction promoter injects subsystem (160), comprises reaction promoter storehouse (161), reaction promoter blower (162); Reaction promoter in reaction promoter storehouse (161) is sent into one-level cloth bag reactor (122) and/or secondary cloth bag reactor (132) by one-level cloth bag input channel (121) and/or secondary cloth bag input channel (131) by reaction promoter blower (162);
Slaked lime powder injects subsystem (140); Comprise the second niter ash silo (141), calcium hydroxide blower (142); Slaked lime powder in second niter ash silo (141) is sent into one-level cloth bag reactor (122) and/or secondary cloth bag reactor (132) by one-level cloth bag input channel (121) and/or secondary cloth bag input channel (131) by calcium hydroxide blower (142).
9. the innoxious combination depickling dust pelletizing system of incineration flue gas of household garbage according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described slaked lime powder injection subsystem (140) also comprises at least one controlled slaked lime powder and joins powder machine (144), outputs to the amount of one-level and/or secondary cloth bag reactor (122,132) for controlling slaked lime powder.
10. the innoxious combination depickling dust pelletizing system of incineration flue gas of household garbage according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described activated carbon powder injection subsystem (150) also comprises at least one controlled activated carbon powder and joins powder machine (154), outputs to the amount of one-level and/or secondary cloth bag reactor (122,132) for controlling activated carbon powder;
Described reaction promoter injection subsystem (160) also comprises at least one controllable reaction auxiliary agent and joins powder machine (164) outputs to one-level cloth bag reactor (122) and/or secondary cloth bag reactor (132) amount for controlling calcium hydroxide;
The innoxious combination depickling dust pelletizing system of described incineration flue gas of household garbage, also comprises niter mortar and prepares subsystem (260); This subsystem comprises the first water tank (261), the first niter ash silo (262), niter mortar storage tank (263), niter mortar measuring pump (264); First niter ash silo (262) is connected with niter mortar storage tank (263) respectively with the first water tank (261), calcium hydroxide in first niter ash silo (262) and the water in the first water tank (261) are mixed to form niter mortar in niter mortar storage tank (263), and niter mortar pumps into the niter mortar atomizer (116) at spraying reaction tower (115) top through niter mortar measuring pump (264);
Described first niter ash silo (262) also comprises the fluidizer for preventing powder from putting up a bridge; Described fluidizer comprises the fluidized plate with compressed air input interface be arranged on the first niter ash silo (262) headwall, and compressed air input fluidized plate makes the slaked lime powder producing fluidisation state in calcium hydroxide storage bin;
The innoxious combination depickling dust pelletizing system of described incineration flue gas of household garbage, also comprises flying dust recycling subsystem, and this subsystem comprises flying dust recovery channel and flying dust reclaims blower; Flying dust recovery channel collects the flying dust that described secondary cloth bag reactor (132) bottom exports, and reclaims blower the flying dust reclaimed is sent into one-level cloth bag reactor (122) recycling through one-level cloth bag input channel (121) by flying dust;
The innoxious combination depickling dust pelletizing system of described incineration flue gas of household garbage, also comprise flying dust and discharge subsystem, this subsystem comprises ash bucket (190), fly ash carry equipment, Hui Ku (194); The bottom that ash bucket (190) is connected to spraying reaction tower (115) or one-level cloth bag reactor (122) or secondary cloth bag reactor (132) in turn is respectively used to trap and store the flying dust that spraying reaction tower (115) or one-level cloth bag reactor (122) or secondary cloth bag reactor (132) are discharged; Ash bucket (190) collect flying dust, be transported to grey storehouse (194) by fly ash carry equipment.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510057172.7A CN104722191A (en) | 2015-02-04 | 2015-02-04 | Harmless combined deacidifying and dust removing method and harmless combined deacidifying and dust removing system for flue gas obtained by combusting domestic garbage |
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| CN201510057172.7A CN104722191A (en) | 2015-02-04 | 2015-02-04 | Harmless combined deacidifying and dust removing method and harmless combined deacidifying and dust removing system for flue gas obtained by combusting domestic garbage |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110404349A (en) * | 2019-07-13 | 2019-11-05 | 广州环投设计研究院有限公司 | A device for efficiently removing dust and dioxin from waste incineration flue gas |
| CN112879920A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-06-01 | 安徽远扬环保科技有限公司 | Device and method for removing dioxin in hazardous waste incineration flue gas |
| CN118767632A (en) * | 2024-09-05 | 2024-10-15 | 北京中科润宇环保科技股份有限公司 | Dry deacidification flue gas purification device coupled with filtering dust removal device and control method |
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2015
- 2015-02-04 CN CN201510057172.7A patent/CN104722191A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110404349A (en) * | 2019-07-13 | 2019-11-05 | 广州环投设计研究院有限公司 | A device for efficiently removing dust and dioxin from waste incineration flue gas |
| CN112879920A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-06-01 | 安徽远扬环保科技有限公司 | Device and method for removing dioxin in hazardous waste incineration flue gas |
| CN112879920B (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2023-12-05 | 安徽远扬环保科技有限公司 | Device and method for removing dioxin in hazardous waste incineration flue gas |
| CN118767632A (en) * | 2024-09-05 | 2024-10-15 | 北京中科润宇环保科技股份有限公司 | Dry deacidification flue gas purification device coupled with filtering dust removal device and control method |
| CN118767632B (en) * | 2024-09-05 | 2025-01-07 | 北京中科润宇环保科技股份有限公司 | Dry deacidification flue gas purification device of coupling filtering type dust removal device and control method |
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Application publication date: 20150624 |