CN104719461A - Small grain dryer - Google Patents
Small grain dryer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104719461A CN104719461A CN201510171130.6A CN201510171130A CN104719461A CN 104719461 A CN104719461 A CN 104719461A CN 201510171130 A CN201510171130 A CN 201510171130A CN 104719461 A CN104719461 A CN 104719461A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a small grain dryer comprising a feed hopper. The feed hopper is connected to the inlet of a drying rolling drum; the outlet of the drying rolling drum is connected to the inlet of a cooling rolling drum, the outlet of the cooling rolling drum is connected to a discharge hopper, and the air inlet of the drying rolling drum is connected to a hot air outlet of a straw combustion furnace; the drying rolling drum comprises an outer heat insulation drum, the outer heat insulation drum is provided with an inner rolling drum inside, asymmetric copy boards are distributed on the wall of the inner rolling drum circumferentially, the inner rolling drum is provided with hot air flowing holes, and the inner rolling drum and the outer heat insulation drum are sealed through a sealing sleeve; the outer heat insulation drum is fixed, and the inner rolling drum is capable of rotating; the inner rolling drum is provided with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a microprocessor inside, the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor transmit the acquired data to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor transmits the data to an upper computer; the drying rolling drum, the cooling rolling drum and the straw combustion furnace are arranged on a trailer. By the aid of the small grain dryer, the problems of rural straw combustion and grain drying can be solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of drying machine, be specifically related to a kind of small-size dryer for grains.
Background technology
China is grain-production and consumption big country, and because the technicalization degree in the grain-production especially middle-size and small-size peasant household grain-production process of China is not high, the quality and quantity of grain-production is on the low side.According to statistics, the loss after China's grain harvest in the processes such as threshing, airing, storage, transport, up to 15%, far exceedes the standard of 5% of FAO's regulation.In these losses, the grain of the losses such as annual because having a humid climate, what wet paddy had little time to dry or do not reach safe moisture and caused goes mouldy, germination, up to 5%, if calculate by annual output 500000000 ton-grain food, is equivalent to loss 15,000,000 ton-grain food.Therefore the timely drying of grain and storage become a ring of the Grain Development chain most important thing.
China carries out grain drying mainly through natural drying, tower grain drier and drum-type grain drier.Natural drying not only the time long, large by place and weather effect, and because grain is lost to fall also can cause a considerable amount of grain loss in airing process.Tower grain drier floor space is comparatively large, and use cost is high, is not suitable for middle-size and small-size peasant household and produces; The drum-type grain drier thermal efficiency is lower, easily returning charge occurs when supplied materials is uneven, and fused glass inside amount is large, and has the grey phenomenon of increasing.Therefore, we are in the urgent need to a kind of that can be applicable to middle-size and small-size peasant household, that cost is low, the thermal efficiency is high grain drier.
The stalk quantum of output of current China, more than 700,000,000 tons, is amounted to into mark coal and is about 3.5 hundred million tons.The burning phenomenon of annual stalk remains incessant after repeated prohibition, very big to the contaminative of environment, and the direct burning of stalk can cause Sulfur Dioxide In The Atmosphere, nitrogen dioxide, pellet three pollution indexs to peak value.The process of stalk is problem demanding prompt solution always, and mainly cost recovery is too high for the bottleneck that restriction stalk effectively utilizes.
Therefore, we can solve straw from village in the urgent need to one and directly burn problem, can solve again the machine of grain drying problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of straw from village that can solve directly to burn the pollution problem caused, the small-size dryer for grains of grain drying problem can be solved again.
The present invention is achieved in that
A kind of small-size dryer for grains, it comprises feed hopper, drying drum, chilling roll, stalk combustion furance, discharge bucket, trailer, and described feed hopper, drying drum, chilling roll, stalk combustion furance and discharge bucket are placed on trailer;
Described feed hopper is connected with the entrance of drying drum, and the outlet of described drying drum is connected with the entrance of chilling roll, and the outlet of described chilling roll is connected with described discharge bucket, and the hot air outlet of described stalk combustion furance is connected with the hot-wind inlet of drying drum;
Described drying drum comprises the insulation urceolus of band hot-wind inlet and hot-blast outlet, interior cylinder is provided with in described insulation urceolus, described inner wall of inner drum circumference is laid with asymmetric flight, described interior cylinder is equipped with the hole of hot wind supply circulation, and described interior cylinder and insulation urceolus are closed by closing cover; Described insulation urceolus maintains static, and described interior cylinder is rotatable;
Be provided with temperature sensor, humidity sensor and microprocessor in described interior cylinder, the data of collection are passed to microprocessor by temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and microprocessor adopts wireless mode to transfer data to host computer;
Described stalk combustion furance comprises stalk charging aperture, and described stalk charging aperture is connected with burning hall, and described burning hall has ashes outlet, and described burning one's parents are provided with heat-exchanging chamber, and described heat-exchanging chamber is provided with inlet of cold air, heat outlet.
By such scheme, three heat exchange cylinders are provided with in described heat-exchanging chamber, the lower end of the first heat exchange cylinder is connected with the hot air cavity wall of heat-exchanging chamber by the first transverse slat, the upper end of described first heat exchange cylinder is connected with the upper end of the second heat exchange cylinder by the second transverse slat, the lower end of described second heat exchange cylinder is connected with the lower end of the 3rd heat exchange cylinder by the 3rd transverse slat, the upper end of described 3rd heat exchange cylinder is by cover plate for sealing triangular in shape, described inlet of cold air is positioned at the top of angle fillet, the air chamber that described hot air outlet is formed with the first heat exchange cylinder and hot air cavity wall is communicated with, the hot air cavity that described heat outlet is formed with the second heat exchange cylinder and the 3rd heat exchange cylinder is communicated with,
Described hot air cavity wall is being placed between the first heat exchange cylinder and the second heat exchange cylinder, and has spacing with the second transverse slat.
By such scheme, described asymmetric flight comprises inclined plane and vertical plane, and one end of described inclined plane is connected with the first connecting plate, and the other end of described inclined plane is connected with one end of vertical plane, and the other end of described vertical plane is connected with the second connecting plate; Described first connecting plate is connected with inner wall of inner drum with the second connecting plate.
By such scheme, the minimum angle α that described inclined plane and vertical plane are formed is 37-44 °, and the maximum angle β that described inclined plane and vertical plane are formed is 49-55 °.
By such scheme, the minimum angle α that described inclined plane and vertical plane are formed is 43 °, and the maximum angle β that described inclined plane and vertical plane are formed is 54 °
By such scheme, the bottom of described insulation urceolus is provided with ash collection slot.
By such scheme, be provided with between described insulation urceolus and interior cylinder and draw heat shield.
By such scheme, the hot air outlet place of described stalk combustion furance is provided with temperature sensor, described temperature sensor is connected with described host computer by data processing unit, temperature sensor and humidity sensor is provided with in described chilling roll, described temperature sensor is connected with described host computer by data processing unit with humidity sensor, the valve in the valve at hot air outlet place of described PC control stalk combustion furance, the valve in the exit of drying drum, the exit of chilling roll.
By such scheme, described wireless transmission method adopts Bluetooth transmission.
By such scheme, described drying drum, chilling roll are placed on the support on trailer.
Drying drum in the present invention is a kind of new radial-flow type structure, after dry thermal medium is burnt by stalk combustion furance, clean secondary hot-air (hot-air) is diametrically through the interior cylinder of drying drum, pass through from grain inside, heat exchange is carried out with grain, take away the moisture in paddy, reach dry object.Radial hot blast is conducive to forming turbulent flow simultaneously, substantially increases air heat exchange efficiency, grain drying efficiency is significantly improved.Adopt double drum type structure and asymmetric flight structure, loading and unloading and grain drying are focused in a cylinder, effectively reduce drum length and volume, reduce manufacturing cost, be more conducive to middle-size and small-size peasant household and use.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, adopt radial hot blast through the interior cylinder of drying drum, solve the problem that in existing drum-type Grain Drying Process, the thermal efficiency is low, improve drying efficiency and the quality of grain;
2, when cylinder rotates, the inclined plane of asymmetric flight has axial thrust load effect to grain, promotes grain and advance while drum rotating; Carry out in Grain Drying Process at cylinder, asymmetric flight vertical plane contact with grain, the rotation of cylinder only drives flight to kick up grain, and be dispersed on whole cylindrical shell cross section gradually, namely spread in thermal current, add the contact area of grain and thermal current, improve the drying efficiency of grain, and make grain drying even;
3, the accessory products-stalk in grain harvest process is made full use of, the burning of the fossil fuels such as coal is replaced by stalk, not only reduce drying cost, and effectively make use of resource and alleviate stalk and directly burn the caused wasting of resources and problem of environmental pollution;
4, adopt and organize Temperature Humidity Sensor more, the Automated condtrol in Grain Drying Process can be realized, realize estimating, to ensure the quality after grain drying the Real-Time Monitoring of quality in Grain Drying Process and quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic three dimensional views of small-size dryer for grains of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of drying drum;
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the internal structure schematic diagram of drying drum;
Fig. 5 is the schematic front view of asymmetric flight;
Fig. 6 is the schematic top plan view of asymmetric flight;
Fig. 7 is the elevational schematic view of asymmetric flight;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of stalk combustion furance;
Fig. 9 is the sectional view of stalk combustion furance;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of stalk combustion furance combustion chamber;
Figure 11 is data transmission circuit figure;
Figure 12 is workflow diagram of the present invention.
In figure: 1, feed hopper, 2, chilling roll, 3, support, 4, drying drum, 5, stalk combustion furance, 6, trailer, 7, insulation urceolus, 8, close cover, 9, interior cylinder, 10, draw heat shield, 11, hot-wind inlet, 12, hot-blast outlet, 13, asymmetric flight, 14, inclined plane, 15, vertical plane, 16, hot air outlet, 17, inlet of cold air, 18, ashes outlet, 20, hole, 21, first connecting plate, 22, heat outlet, 23, first heat exchange cylinder, 24, first transverse slat, 25, second heat exchange cylinder, 26, second transverse slat, 27, 3rd heat exchange cylinder, 28, 3rd transverse slat, 29, angle fillet, 30, hot air cavity wall, 31, stalk charging aperture, 32, burning hall, 33, second connecting plate.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described further.
See Fig. 1-Figure 12, a kind of small-size dryer for grains, it comprises feed hopper 1, drying drum 4, chilling roll 2, stalk combustion furance 5, discharge bucket, trailer 6, described feed hopper 1, drying drum 4, chilling roll 2, stalk combustion furance 5 and discharge bucket are placed on trailer, so that operating personnel move small-size dryer for grains, in order to easy for installation and facilitate the hot-air in stalk combustion furance 5 to enter drying drum 4, described drying drum 4 and chilling roll 2 are placed on the support 3 on trailer 6;
Described feed hopper 1 is connected with the entrance of drying drum 4, the outlet of described drying drum 4 is connected with the entrance of chilling roll 2, the outlet of described chilling roll 2 is connected with described discharge bucket, and the hot air outlet 16 of described stalk combustion furance 5 is connected with the hot-wind inlet 11 of drying drum 4;
Described drying drum 4 comprises the insulation urceolus 7 of band hot-wind inlet 11 and hot-blast outlet 12, interior cylinder 9 is provided with in described insulation urceolus 7, described interior cylinder 9 inwall circumference is laid with asymmetric flight 13, described interior cylinder 9 is equipped with the hole 20 of hot wind supply circulation, described interior cylinder 9 and insulation urceolus 7 are closed by closing cover 8; In order to ensure the good contact of grain and hot-air, insulation urceolus 7 is designed to maintain static by we, interior cylinder 9 is designed to rotary structure, and (interior cylinder 9 can be connected with motor, realize spinfunction), after hot gas enters insulation urceolus 7, by in cylinder 9 in hole 20 radial inflow on interior cylinder 9, grain in interior cylinder 9 along with interior cylinder 9 rotates, be heated evenly; Because grain is in rotary course, a large amount of ashes can be produced, the ash collection slot for focusing on the dust in Grain Drying Process can be set in the bottom of insulation urceolus 7, to clear up in the future; In order to better utilize hot-air, can arrange between insulation urceolus 7 and interior cylinder 9 and drawing heat shield 10;
For the ease of grasping the drying regime of grain and guaranteeing the dry mass of grain, temperature sensor, humidity sensor and microprocessor can be established in interior cylinder 9, the data of collection are passed to microprocessor by temperature sensor, humidity sensor, microprocessor adopts wireless mode (in the preferred embodiment, adopting Bluetooth wireless transmission mode) to transfer data to host computer;
Described stalk combustion furance 5 comprises stalk charging aperture 31, described stalk charging aperture 31 is connected with burning hall 32, described burning hall 32 has ashes outlet 18, and described burning hall 32 is provided with heat-exchanging chamber, and described heat-exchanging chamber is provided with inlet of cold air 17, heat outlet.
In order to realize good heat exchange, hot gas in stalk combustion furance 5 is fully used, three heat exchange cylinders can be set in heat-exchanging chamber, the lower end of the first heat exchange cylinder 23 is connected with the hot air cavity wall 30 of heat-exchanging chamber by the first transverse slat 24, the upper end of described first heat exchange cylinder 23 is connected with the upper end of the second heat exchange cylinder 25 by the second transverse slat 26, the lower end of described second heat exchange cylinder 25 is connected with the lower end of the 3rd heat exchange cylinder 27 by the 3rd transverse slat 28, the upper end of described 3rd heat exchange cylinder 27 is sealed by angle fillet 29, described inlet of cold air 17 is positioned at the top of angle fillet 29, the air chamber that described hot air outlet 16 is formed with the first heat exchange cylinder 23 and hot air cavity wall 30 is communicated with, the hot air cavity that described heat outlet 22 is formed with the second heat exchange cylinder 25 and the 3rd heat exchange cylinder 27 is communicated with, described hot air cavity wall 30 is placed between the first heat exchange cylinder 23 and the second heat exchange cylinder 25, and has spacing with the second transverse slat 24.
In order to better make grain at drying drum 4 inner drying, described asymmetric flight 13 comprises inclined plane 14 and vertical plane 15, one end of described inclined plane 14 is connected with the first connecting plate 21, the other end of described inclined plane 14 is connected with one end of vertical plane 15, and the other end of described vertical plane 15 is connected with the second connecting plate 33; In order to better be fixed on drying drum 4 by asymmetric flight 13, described first connecting plate 21 is connected with the inwall of the second connecting plate 33 with interior cylinder 9.In order to better reach drying effect, the minimum angle α that described inclined plane 14 and vertical plane 15 are formed is 37-44 °, the maximum angle β that described inclined plane 14 and vertical plane 15 are formed be 49-55 ° (in the preferred embodiment, the minimum angle α that inclined plane 14 and vertical plane 15 can be made to be formed is 43 °, and the maximum angle β that inclined plane 14 and vertical plane 15 are formed is 54 °).
In order to better energy-saving and emission-reduction, can establish temperature sensor at hot air outlet 16 place of stalk combustion furance 5, this temperature sensor is connected with described host computer by data processing unit; In order to reach good cooling effect, and monitor the cooling situation of grain in real time, temperature sensor and humidity sensor can be established in chilling roll 2, this temperature sensor is connected with described host computer by data processing unit with humidity sensor, the valve opening size at hot air outlet 16 place of PC control stalk combustion furance 5 and opening speed, the unlatching size of exit valve of drying drum 4, the unlatching size of the outlet valve of chilling roll 2, the rotary speed of interior cylinder, realize full automatic working, specifically see Figure 12.
Insulation urceolus 7 of the present invention maintains static, and mainly plays insulation, guide functions, to improving the thermal efficiency and guiding thermal current effect obvious.Interior cylinder 9 is drying, and relatively rotate with insulation urceolus 7, the barrel of interior cylinder 9 is evenly equipped with a large amount of aperture, and interior cylinder 9 is for taking advantage of food of making tax payments in kind, and hot-air is by cylinder 9 inner drying grain in aperture radial inflow.Radial drying is carried out from inside to outside, guarantees grain all energy heated airflow effects in cylinder, effectively improves the surface area of heat exchange, simultaneously the appearance flow vector also corresponding raising of unit volume cylinder.Interior cylinder 9 is evenly equipped with asymmetric flight 13, plays a part to stir and conveying grain.For ensureing the reliability of Radial Flow, we are designed with and draw heat shield 10 between internal and external cylinder, to guide gas to flow, ensure that thermal current is in controlled state.
Loading and unloading and grain drying concentrate in same cylinder and complete by the present invention.The small inclination of flight is 43 °, and high inclination-angle is 54 °, and when cylinder loading and unloading, inclined plane 14 contacts with grain, and when interior cylinder 9 rotates, vertical plane 15 pairs of grains have axial thrust load effect, can promote grain and advance while interior cylinder 9 rotates.Carry out in Grain Drying Process at cylinder, vertical plane 15 contacts with grain, the rotation of interior cylinder 9 only drives asymmetric flight 13 to kick up grain, and be dispersed on whole cylindrical shell cross section gradually, namely spread in thermal current, be used for increasing the contact area of grain and thermal current, the caloic of strengthening material and thermal current exchanges, efficiently carrying out of promotion dry run.
Heat-exchanging chamber in stalk combustion furance 5 in the present invention is formed by multi-layer circular laminating metal plate, wherein heat exchange concentration zones increases heat exchanger effectiveness by increasing contact range, there is continuous print three layer of air zone of heating heat exchange concentration zones, make cold-hot air convection, ensure air sufficient heat exchange, heat exchanger effectiveness is high and the rear temperature of exchange is high.
In the present invention, environment temperature residing when grain is dried, at+60 DEG C ~+80 DEG C, chooses DS18B20 as temperature sensor; The grain moisture made moist, generally more than 40%, needs the humidity of grain to drop to less than 20% to reach dry effect, chooses containing calibrating DHT11 and DHT21 of data signal output as temperature sensor.Temperature and relative humidity and microprocessor are all arranged on interior cylinder 9, adopt HC-05 bluetooth radio module to transmit the epidemic disaster data of the interior cylinder 9 collected, then signal is sent to host computer by bluetooth module.Host computer achieves a butt joint the data processing and feedback that receive, see Figure 11.
The present invention, because its volume is little, structure is simple, cost is low, therefore can be applicable to vast middle-size and small-size peasant household.Again because of its energy-saving and emission-reduction, be suitable for spread.
Claims (7)
1. a small-size dryer for grains, is characterized in that: it comprises feed hopper, drying drum, chilling roll, stalk combustion furance, discharge bucket, trailer, and described feed hopper, drying drum, chilling roll, stalk combustion furance and discharge bucket are placed on trailer;
Described feed hopper is connected with the entrance of drying drum, and the outlet of described drying drum is connected with the entrance of chilling roll, and the outlet of described chilling roll is connected with described discharge bucket, and the hot air outlet of described stalk combustion furance is connected with the hot-wind inlet of drying drum;
Described drying drum comprises the insulation urceolus of band hot-wind inlet and hot-blast outlet, interior cylinder is provided with in described insulation urceolus, described inner wall of inner drum circumference is laid with asymmetric flight, described interior cylinder is equipped with the hole of hot wind supply circulation, and described interior cylinder and insulation urceolus are closed by closing cover; Described insulation urceolus maintains static, and described interior cylinder is rotatable;
Be provided with temperature sensor, humidity sensor and microprocessor in described interior cylinder, the data of collection are passed to microprocessor by temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and microprocessor adopts wireless mode to transfer data to host computer;
Described stalk combustion furance comprises stalk charging aperture, and described stalk charging aperture is connected with burning hall, and described burning hall has ashes outlet, and described burning one's parents are provided with heat-exchanging chamber, and described heat-exchanging chamber is provided with inlet of cold air, heat outlet.
2. small-size dryer for grains as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described heat-exchanging chamber, be provided with three heat exchange cylinders, the lower end of the first heat exchange cylinder is connected with the hot air cavity wall of heat-exchanging chamber by the first transverse slat, the upper end of described first heat exchange cylinder is connected with the upper end of the second heat exchange cylinder by the second transverse slat, the lower end of described second heat exchange cylinder is connected with the lower end of the 3rd heat exchange cylinder by the 3rd transverse slat, the upper end of described 3rd heat exchange cylinder is sealed by angle fillet, described inlet of cold air is positioned at the top of angle fillet, the air chamber that described hot air outlet is formed with the first heat exchange cylinder and hot air cavity wall is communicated with, the hot air cavity that described heat outlet is formed with the second heat exchange cylinder and the 3rd heat exchange cylinder is communicated with,
Described hot air cavity wall between the first heat exchange cylinder and the second heat exchange cylinder, and has spacing with the second transverse slat.
3. small-size dryer for grains as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described asymmetric flight comprises inclined plane and vertical plane, one end of described inclined plane is connected with the first connecting plate, the other end of described inclined plane is connected with one end of vertical plane, and the other end of described vertical plane is connected with the second connecting plate; Described first connecting plate, the second connecting plate are connected with inner wall of inner drum.
4. small-size dryer for grains as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: the minimum angle α that described inclined plane and vertical plane are formed is 37-44 °, and the maximum angle β that described inclined plane and vertical plane are formed is 49-55 °.
5. small-size dryer for grains as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the bottom of described insulation urceolus is provided with ash collection slot.
6. the small-size dryer for grains as described in claim 1 or 5, is characterized in that: be provided with between described insulation urceolus and interior cylinder and draw heat shield.
7. small-size dryer for grains as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the hot air outlet place of described stalk combustion furance is provided with temperature sensor, described temperature sensor is connected with described host computer by data processing unit, temperature sensor and humidity sensor is provided with in described chilling roll, described temperature sensor is connected with described host computer by data processing unit with humidity sensor, the valve in the valve at hot air outlet place of described PC control stalk combustion furance, the valve in the exit of drying drum, the exit of chilling roll.
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| CN201510171130.6A CN104719461B (en) | 2015-04-13 | 2015-04-13 | Small-size dryer for grains |
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| CN201510171130.6A CN104719461B (en) | 2015-04-13 | 2015-04-13 | Small-size dryer for grains |
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| CN105613802A (en) * | 2016-03-12 | 2016-06-01 | 福建农林大学 | Method for dynamically and rapidly removing surface water from tea 'Yu Shuiqing' |
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| CN106018495B (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2018-10-19 | 张海娟 | The online moisture content tester of roller dryer |
| CN106247779A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2016-12-21 | 太仓市冠东机械科技有限公司 | A kind of collapsible grain drier |
| CN106247779B (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2018-11-30 | 内蒙古中盛农业发展有限公司 | A kind of collapsible grain drier |
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| CN111059877A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-24 | 乔增强 | Straw drying and granulating equipment and drying and granulating method thereof |
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