CN104707442B - Method and device for removing metallic mercury in fire coal flue gas - Google Patents

Method and device for removing metallic mercury in fire coal flue gas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104707442B
CN104707442B CN201510103405.2A CN201510103405A CN104707442B CN 104707442 B CN104707442 B CN 104707442B CN 201510103405 A CN201510103405 A CN 201510103405A CN 104707442 B CN104707442 B CN 104707442B
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China
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bromine
activated carbon
hollow container
gas
container
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201510103405.2A
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CN104707442A (en
Inventor
任岩军
薛志钢
柴发合
张新民
陈炫
支国瑞
马京华
杜谨宏
刘妍
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Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
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Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
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Abstract

The invention provides a device for removing metallic mercury in fire coal flue gas. The device comprises a hollow container, wherein the hollow container is divided into a gas inlet channel and an exhaust passage, so that bromine-supported active carbon can be transmitted into the hollow container from the gas inlet channel and then discharged from the hollow container from the exhaust passage. When the fire coal flue gas penetrates through the hollow container, the metallic mercury in the fire coal flue gas is contacted with the bromine-supported active carbon flowing in the hollow container, so that the metallic mercury is absorbed on the bromine-supported active carbon and brought out of the hollow container. The invention further provides a method for removing the metallic mercury in the fire coal flue gas by using the device. According to the device and the method, the bromine-supported active carbon is dispersed in the whole hollow container in a flowing manner; the bromine-supported active carbon and the fire coal flue gas can achieve maximum contact area; the absorption efficiency of the bromine-supported active carbon is greatly improved; and the metallic mercury can be removed from the fire coal flue gas at a very high removal rate.

Description

Method and device for removing metallic mercury in coal-fired flue gas
Technical Field
The invention relates to a deep purification technology for coal-fired flue gas emissions in the industries of electric power, chemical industry, metallurgy and the like, in particular to a method and a device for removing metallic mercury in coal-fired flue gas.
Background
The influence of the coal-fired flue gas emissions in the electric power industry, the chemical industry and the metallurgical industry on air pollution is great. Among them, the harmful substances such as smoke dust, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, heavy metals in various forms, etc. contained in the coal-fired flue gas are one of the sources of air pollution, acid rain and greenhouse effect. At present, large-scale flue gas desulfurization and denitration projects are developed in China, but the emission of heavy metals such as mercury in flue gas still cannot meet the current standard requirements, and further treatment is still needed.
Mercury in coal combustion flue gas exists in a variety of forms: elemental mercury and oxidized mercury. Different forms of mercury have different physical and chemical properties. Oxidized mercury is readily soluble in water, while elemental mercury has a higher saturated vapor pressure at atmospheric pollutant control device operating temperatures and pressures, is volatile and is poorly soluble in water.
The technical scheme for removing the metal elemental mercury in the flue gas by using the bromine-loaded activated carbon is analyzed through experiments in 'removing the elemental mercury in the flue gas by using the bromine-loaded activated carbon' (Chinese environmental science, volume 26 in 2006, Sun Wei and the like), and the experimental result shows that the bromine loading can obviously increase the adsorption amount of the activated carbon on the elemental mercury and accelerate the adsorption rate of the elemental mercury. Under experimental conditions, when the bromine carrying amount is 0.33%, the saturated adsorption amount of the activated carbon to mercury can be increased by about 80 times, and the adsorption capacity reaches 0.2 mg/g; the relative adsorption coefficient increased by about 40 times. The higher the bromine loading, the more pronounced the adsorption enhancement effect. The temperature is increased, and the adsorption capacity of the bromine-loaded activated carbon on the elemental mercury is reduced. The prior art provides a principle description for removing elemental mercury in flue gas by bromine-loaded activated carbon under laboratory conditions based on the purpose of basic research, but the prior art does not provide an industrial solution applied to actual production.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method and a device for removing metallic mercury in coal-fired flue gas, so as to reduce or avoid the problems.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a device for removing metal mercury in coal-fired flue gas, wherein the device comprises a hollow container arranged in a discharge path of the coal-fired flue gas, the hollow container is perpendicular to the bottom surface and the top surface of the discharge direction of the coal-fired flue gas and is provided with a plurality of hollow holes, the side wall of the hollow container is a solid panel, the middle part of the hollow container is divided into an air inlet channel and an exhaust channel which are communicated with each other through a solid partition plate, the air inlet channel is connected with a gas conveying pipeline, a bromine-loaded activated carbon container loaded with bromine-loaded activated carbon is connected to a bypass on the gas conveying pipeline, and the bromine-loaded activated carbon is sucked into the gas conveying pipeline through the negative pressure of the air inlet channel, enters the air inlet channel of the hollow container and is discharged out of the hollow container through the exhaust channel.
Preferably, at least the bottom surface and the top surface of the hollow container are covered with a layer of gauze.
Preferably, the total area of the holes on the bottom surface is greater than the total area of the holes on the top surface.
Preferably, the bromine-loaded activated carbon discharged from the hollow container through the exhaust channel is circularly input into the bromine-loaded activated carbon container.
Preferably, the bromine-loaded activated carbon container is arranged above the gas conveying pipeline, and the lower opening of the bromine-loaded activated carbon container is connected with the gas conveying pipeline bypass.
Preferably, the gas transported in the gas transportation pipeline is a mixed gas of air and bromine vapor.
Preferably, the bromine vapor accounts for 0.01-0.05% of the mixed gas by volume.
Preferably, a cooling pipeline is arranged close to the side wall of the hollow container.
The invention also provides a method for removing metallic mercury in coal-fired flue gas by using the device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: arranging the hollow container in a discharge path of the coal-fired flue gas; sucking the bromine-loaded activated carbon into the gas conveying pipeline and entering an air inlet channel of the hollow container by utilizing negative pressure generated when the gas conveying pipeline conveys the mixed gas; and discharging the bromine-loaded activated carbon entering the hollow container out of the hollow container through the exhaust channel, and circularly inputting the bromine-loaded activated carbon into the hollow container.
In summary, the hollow container is provided, so that the metal mercury in the coal-fired flue gas contacts the bromine-loaded activated carbon flowing in the hollow container when the coal-fired flue gas passes through the hollow container, and the metal mercury can be adsorbed on the bromine-loaded activated carbon and taken out of the hollow container. In the device, the bromine-loaded activated carbon is dispersed in the whole hollow container in a flowing manner, the bromine-loaded activated carbon and the coal-fired flue gas can obtain the largest contact area, the adsorption efficiency of the bromine-loaded activated carbon is greatly improved, and the metal mercury can be removed from the coal-fired flue gas at a very high removal rate.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Wherein,
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for removing metallic mercury from coal-fired flue gas according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the apparatus for removing metallic mercury from coal-fired flue gas shown in FIG. 1.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein like parts are given like reference numerals.
As described in the background section, the experimental principle of removing metallic mercury in coal-fired flue gas by using bromine-loaded activated carbon in the prior art is relatively clear, but no reference mature experience exists how to apply the experimental result to actual industrial production. Based on the method and the device, the invention provides the method and the device for removing the metallic mercury in the coal-fired flue gas, and aims to convert the research result only suitable for experimental conditions into an industrial solution applicable to practical production.
As shown in the drawings, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for removing metallic mercury from coal-fired flue gas according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a top view of the apparatus for removing metallic mercury from coal-fired flue gas shown in FIG. 1.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the device for removing metallic mercury from coal-fired flue gas of the present invention is generally designated by reference numeral 1, and the device 1 comprises a hollow container 10 disposed in the discharge path of coal-fired flue gas. The coal combustion flue gas may be discharged from below to above in a pipe or stack in the direction of the illustrated arrow F, as shown in fig. 1.
The bottom surface 11 and the top surface 12 of the hollow container 10 perpendicular to the discharging direction of the coal-fired flue gas are provided with a plurality of hollow holes 100 (as shown in fig. 2), the side wall 13 of the hollow container 10 is a solid panel, that is, the upper surface and the lower surface (the bottom surface 11 and the top surface 12) of the hollow container 10 in the view shown in fig. 1 are hollow to allow the coal-fired flue gas to pass through, and the side wall 13 of the hollow container 10 is impermeable to the wind due to the solid panel, as shown in fig. 1-2.
The middle part of the hollow container 10 is divided into an air inlet channel 15 and an air outlet channel 16 which are communicated with each other through a solid partition plate 14, the air inlet channel 15 is connected with an air conveying pipeline 151, a bromine-loaded activated carbon container 153 loaded with bromine-loaded activated carbon 152 is connected to the air conveying pipeline 151 in a bypass mode, the bromine-loaded activated carbon 152 is sucked into the air conveying pipeline 151 through the negative pressure of the air inlet channel 15 and enters the air inlet channel 15 of the hollow container 10, and the bromine-loaded activated carbon 152 is discharged out of the hollow container 10 through the air outlet channel 16.
Fig. 1 shows only the lower half of fig. 2, since it is a front view, i.e. only the gas inlet channel 15 and the associated gas supply line 151 and bromine-loaded activated carbon container 153 can be seen in fig. 1. The bromine-loaded activated carbon 152 used in the present invention can be prepared by using commercially available products or by using the prior art as described in the background section, and the present invention does not relate to this section and is not described in detail herein.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, a hollow container 10 for coal-fired flue gas to pass through is provided, and the hollow container 10 is divided into the air inlet passage 15 and the air outlet passage 16, so that the bromine-loaded activated carbon 152 can be input into the hollow container 10 from the air inlet passage 15 and then discharged out of the hollow container 10 from the air outlet passage 16. When the coal-fired flue gas passes through the hollow container 10, the metal elemental mercury in the coal-fired flue gas contacts the bromine-loaded activated carbon 152 flowing in the hollow container 10, so that the metal elemental mercury can be adsorbed on the bromine-loaded activated carbon 152 and taken out of the hollow container 10 for further treatment.
So far, the device 1 of the present invention can remove metallic mercury from coal-fired flue gas with extremely high removal rate, and compared with experimental equipment in the background art, in the device 1 of the present invention, the bromine-loaded activated carbon 152 is not fixed in a container to be passively contacted with coal-fired flue gas, but is dispersed in the whole hollow container 10 in a flowing manner, the bromine-loaded activated carbon 152 and the coal-fired flue gas can obtain the largest contact area, and the adsorption efficiency of the bromine-loaded activated carbon 152 is greatly improved.
In addition, in order to maintain the bromine-loaded activated carbon 152 to flow efficiently and smoothly between the air inlet channel 15 and the air outlet channel 16 of the hollow container 10, the bottom surface 11 and the top surface 12 of the hollow container 10 are provided with the holes 100 for coal-fired flue gas to pass through, and the side wall 13 of the hollow container 10 is provided with a solid state, so that the gas in the gas conveying pipeline 151 can form a flowing gas conveying channel along the side wall 13 of the hollow container 10, and the bromine-loaded activated carbon 152 can be smoothly input from the air inlet channel 15 and discharged from the air outlet channel 16.
If the side wall 13 is also provided with holes, most of the gas in the gas conveying pipeline 151 will run out from the holes on the side wall 13 after entering the hollow container 10 from the gas inlet channel 15, and will not return to the gas outlet channel 16, so that an effective gas conveying channel cannot be formed, the bromine-loaded activated carbon 152 sucked by negative pressure will only gather at the tail end of the gas inlet channel 15, and will rarely be discharged from the gas outlet channel 16, and the efficiency of removing metallic mercury will be greatly reduced.
In order to facilitate the coal-fired flue gas entering the hollow container 10 and to prevent the bromine-loaded activated carbon 152 from flowing out of the hollow container 10 through the holes 100 on the bottom surface 11 and the top surface 12 of the hollow container 10, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least the bottom surface 11 and the top surface 12 of the hollow container 10 are covered with a layer of gauze (not shown). The relatively fine mesh of the gauze prevents the bromine-loaded activated carbon 152 from leaking out, and also allows the coal flue gas to pass through. The scheme of covering the gauze has the advantage that the gauze can be conveniently replaced under the conditions of blockage and damage. It is also feasible if the bottom surface 11 and the top surface 12 of the hollow container 10 are made of gauze, but because the gauze has low strength, a support frame is required to carry the bromine-loaded activated carbon 152, and the whole container needs to be replaced when the container is blocked or damaged, which is relatively inefficient and costly compared with the preferred embodiment.
Since the coal flue gas flows from bottom to top, the total area of the holes 100 on the bottom surface 11 is larger than the total area of the holes 100 on the top surface 12, so that more coal flue gas enters the hollow container 10 and stays for a longer time, so that the coal flue gas is in reaction contact with the bromine-loaded activated carbon for a longer time and the removal effect is better. In fact, this design is to make the total area of the holes on the side facing the coal-fired flue gas larger and the total area of the holes on the side facing away from the coal-fired flue gas smaller.
Because the bromine-loaded activated carbon is in a flowing state and the contact time with the coal-fired flue gas is relatively short, the bromine-loaded activated carbon discharged from the hollow container 10 is still far away from the adsorption limit, and in order to improve the utilization efficiency of the bromine-loaded activated carbon, in a further preferred embodiment, the bromine-loaded activated carbon 152 discharged from the hollow container 10 through the exhaust passage 16 can be provided with a circulation input bromine-loaded activated carbon container 153, as shown by an arrow B in fig. 1-2, and the circulation can be set to be proper time and then the bromine-loaded activated carbon can be replaced at one time, so that the utilization efficiency of the bromine-loaded activated carbon can be improved, and the cost is saved.
Further, in order to facilitate the bromine-loaded activated carbon to be adsorbed into the gas conveying pipeline 151, as shown in fig. 1, the bromine-loaded activated carbon container 153 may be disposed above the gas conveying pipeline 151, an opening at a lower portion of the bromine-loaded activated carbon container 153 is connected to a bypass of the gas conveying pipeline 151, and an upper portion of the bromine-loaded activated carbon container 153 is also adapted to receive the recycled bromine-loaded activated carbon.
Preferably, the gas transported in the gas transporting pipe 151 is a mixed gas of air and bromine vapor. That is, the use of nitrogen as a carrier gas in the background art is not possible for industrial production, and the present invention may employ a blower to blow air as a carrier gas, while in the present embodiment a certain amount of bromine vapor is mixed in the air in order to improve the adsorption capacity of the bromine-loaded activated carbon. Of course, the amount of bromine vapor mixed into the air is relatively small in view of cost and gas toxicity, and more preferably, the bromine vapor accounts for 0.01 to 0.05% by volume of the mixed gas.
In addition, as described in the background section, experiments show that the adsorption capacity of bromine-loaded activated carbon to elemental mercury decreases when the temperature rises, and therefore, in another embodiment, a cooling pipeline (not shown in the figure) may be disposed to be close to the side wall 13 of the hollow container 10, and the temperature in the hollow container 10 may be controlled according to the temperature condition of the coal-fired flue gas, so as to achieve the optimal adsorption effect.
According to the above description of the embodiments, a method for removing metallic mercury from coal-fired flue gas by using the above device 1 of the present invention can be summarized, and the method can be implemented by combining the above preferred embodiments as follows: firstly, arranging the hollow container 10 in a discharge path of coal-fired flue gas, as shown in FIG. 1; then, the bromine-loaded activated carbon 152 is sucked into the gas conveying pipeline 151 and enters the gas inlet channel 15 of the hollow container 10 by utilizing the negative pressure generated when the gas conveying pipeline 151 conveys the mixed gas; finally, the bromine-loaded activated carbon 152 entering the hollow container 10 is discharged out of the hollow container 10 through the exhaust passage 16 and is circularly input into the bromine-loaded activated carbon container 153.
It should be appreciated by those of skill in the art that while the present invention has been described in terms of several embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment. The description is given for clearness of understanding only, and it is to be understood that all matters in the embodiments are to be interpreted as including technical equivalents which are related to the embodiments and which are combined with each other to illustrate the scope of the present invention.
The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent alterations, modifications and combinations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a get rid of device of metal mercury in coal-fired flue gas, its characterized in that, device (1) including one set up in fretwork container (10) in the emission route of coal-fired flue gas, fretwork container (10) perpendicular to bottom surface (11) and top surface (12) of the emission direction of coal-fired flue gas have hole (100) of a plurality of fretworks, lateral wall (13) of fretwork container (10) are solid panel, air inlet channel (15) and exhaust passage (16) that communicate each other are separated into through solid baffle (14) in fretwork container (10) middle part, air inlet channel (15) are connected with gas conveying pipeline (151), the bypass is connected with bromine-carrying activated carbon container (153) that is equipped with bromine-carrying activated carbon (152) on gas conveying pipeline (151), bromine-carrying activated carbon (152) pass through the negative pressure of air inlet channel (15) is inhaled gas conveying pipeline (151) and is advanced air inlet channel (15) of fretwork container (10) ) And discharging the hollow container (10) through the air discharge channel (16); the gas conveyed in the gas conveying pipeline (151) is a mixed gas of air and bromine steam, and the bromine steam accounts for 0.01-0.05% of the mixed gas in volume percentage.
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least the bottom (11) and the top (12) of the hollow container (10) are covered with a gauze.
3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the bromine-loaded activated carbon (152) discharged from the hollow container (10) by the gas discharge passage (16) is circulated into the bromine-loaded activated carbon container (153).
4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the bromine-loaded activated carbon container (153) is disposed above the gas delivery pipe (151), and a lower opening of the bromine-loaded activated carbon container (153) is connected to the gas delivery pipe (151) by-pass.
5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that cooling ducts are arranged adjacent to the side walls (13) of the hollow container (10).
6. A method for removing metallic mercury in coal-fired flue gas by using the device of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
arranging the hollow container (10) in the discharge path of the coal-fired flue gas;
sucking the bromine-loaded activated carbon (152) into the gas conveying pipeline (151) and entering into a gas inlet channel (15) of the hollow container (10) by utilizing negative pressure generated when the gas conveying pipeline (151) conveys the mixed gas;
discharging the bromine-loaded activated carbon (152) entering the hollow container (10) out of the hollow container (10) through the exhaust channel (16), and circularly inputting the bromine-loaded activated carbon into the hollow container (153).
CN201510103405.2A 2015-03-10 2015-03-10 Method and device for removing metallic mercury in fire coal flue gas Expired - Fee Related CN104707442B (en)

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CN201510103405.2A CN104707442B (en) 2015-03-10 2015-03-10 Method and device for removing metallic mercury in fire coal flue gas

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CN201510103405.2A CN104707442B (en) 2015-03-10 2015-03-10 Method and device for removing metallic mercury in fire coal flue gas

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CN104707442B true CN104707442B (en) 2017-02-01

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Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK158376C (en) * 1986-07-16 1990-10-08 Niro Atomizer As METHOD OF REDUCING THE CONTENT OF MERCURY Vapor AND / OR VAPORS OF Harmful Organic Compounds And / Or Nitrogen Oxides In Combustion Plant
JP4723240B2 (en) * 2002-05-06 2011-07-13 アルベマール コーポレイション Adsorbents and methods for mercury removal from combustion gases.
CN101502737A (en) * 2009-01-21 2009-08-12 东华大学 Method and device for removing heavy metal mercy in fire coal flue gas by carbon powder treated by brominating process
CN204447675U (en) * 2015-03-10 2015-07-08 中国环境科学研究院 A kind of coal burning fume mercury-removing device

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