CN104700689A - Geometric optical demonstration instrument - Google Patents
Geometric optical demonstration instrument Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104700689A CN104700689A CN201510079142.6A CN201510079142A CN104700689A CN 104700689 A CN104700689 A CN 104700689A CN 201510079142 A CN201510079142 A CN 201510079142A CN 104700689 A CN104700689 A CN 104700689A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- demonstration board
- demonstration
- protractor
- fixed
- angle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
- G09B23/22—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for optics
Abstract
The invention discloses a geometric optical demonstration instrument. The instrument is that a protractor is engraved in each demonstration board; fixing plates are mounted at two sides of the bottom part of each demonstration board; grooves are reserved in the fixing boards, and fasteners can be inserted and fixed into the grooves; a plane mirror is clamped between two decoration boards during demonstrating; when in demonstrating, one edge of a transparent cube is clung to the bottom part of the demonstration board at the upper part, and the side surface corresponding to the edge is clung to the surface of the demonstration board at the lower part; rays emitted by a laser pen aligns to an original point at the bottom part of the 0 scale line of each protractor; one end of a supporting rod is fixed on the rear surface of the demonstration board at the upper part, and while the other end of the supporting rod is fixed on a base; the protractors can be used for measuring an incidence angle, a reflection angle and a refraction angle of the rays. With the adoption of the instrument, the reflection and refraction can be demonstrated; the incidence angle, the reflection angle and the refraction angle can be quantitatively measured; the law of reflection and the law of refraction of the rays can be verified by experiment and calculation; meanwhile, the refractivity of a transparent article can be calculated; the instrument is simple in structure, convenient to use, and applied well to teaching.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the instrument of the teaching of a kind of geometrical optics and demonstration, particularly relate to a kind of geometrical optics demonstrator.
Background technology
The instrument of current domestic geometrical optics demonstration aspect is also few, middle school and university teacher are when lecturing geometrical optics course, almost there is no the instrument of what teaching demonstration, student is made to feel abstract, study is got up also relatively more painstaking, and more thing does not verify that whether bookish theory is correct, like this, Students ' Learning gets up and can only read according to the copy inflexiblely, is unfavorable for dispersing of thinking.Application number disclosed in 22 days January in 2014 be 201310477348.5 innovation and creation disclose a kind of geometrical optics experiment instrument, its display screen is hinged, be difficult to ensure that incident ray and reflection ray well show on a display screen, experiment is accurate not, demonstrating effect is not very desirable, and can not demonstrate refraction effect.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is the above-mentioned defect for existing in prior art, a kind of geometrical optics demonstrator is provided, this demonstrator is not only simple to operate, reflection, refraction effect can be demonstrated, can also quantitative measurment incident angle, reflection angle and refraction angle, by experiment and calculate, the checking reflection law of light and refraction law.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of geometrical optics demonstrator is by demonstration board, protractor, fixed head, securing member, level crossing, transparent cube, laser pen, support bar, base, bolt, nut and pad composition, wherein, protractor is portrayed on demonstration board, the two bottom sides of demonstration board is provided with fixed head, fixed head leaves groove, insert for securing member and fix, level crossing is stuck in the middle of two pieces of demonstration boards when demonstrating, transparent cube is when demonstrating, an one rib is close to along the bottom of the demonstration board on top, the surface of the demonstration board of the side that rib is corresponding and bottom is close to, the light that laser pen sends needs the initial point bottom amount of alignment hornwork 0 scale mark, support bar one end is fixed on the back side of the demonstration board on top, the other end is fixed on base, throughput hornwork can measure the incident angle of light, reflection angle and refraction angle.
As further technical scheme, the smooth and level of described demonstration board lower surface, overlap with bottom demonstration board along the line bottom protractor, protractor bottom centre overlaps with demonstration board bottom centre.
As further technical scheme, described protractor is not common protractor used, and its 0 scale mark in the vertical direction, becomes an angle of 90 degrees with bottom, portrays on demonstration board.
As further technical scheme, described fixed head leaves groove, and groove has certain length, and two demonstration boards can be made to stagger, and one end of fixed head and the bottom sides of demonstration board are fixed as one.
As further technical scheme, described securing member is made up of bolt, nut and pad, is inserted between two fixed heads, for fixing demonstration board during use.
As further technical scheme, described transparent cube is cube transparent arbitrarily, and during demonstration, one of them face need be close to the surface of the demonstration board of bottom.
As further technical scheme, described laser pen is green laser pen, and power is comparatively large, is about 5MW.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
Not only can demonstrate reflection, refraction effect, can also quantitative measurment incident angle, reflection angle and refraction angle, by experiment and calculate, the reflection law of checking light and refraction law, structure is simple, and easy to use, precision is higher.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention about reflex.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the present invention about refraction effect.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the present invention's securing member used.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of fixed head of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of amount used hornwork of the present invention.
Number in the figure is: 1. demonstration board, 2. protractor, 3. fixed head, 4. securing member, 5. level crossing, 6. transparent cube, 7. laser pen, 8. reflection ray, 9. refracted ray, 10. support bar, 11. bases, 12. bolts, 13. nuts, 14. pads.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 is the structural representation of reflex.A kind of geometrical optics demonstrator is by demonstration board (1), protractor (2), fixed head (3), securing member (4), level crossing (5), transparent cube (6), laser pen (7), support bar (10), base (11), bolt (12), nut (13) and pad (14) composition, demonstration board (1) is portrayed protractor (2), the two bottom sides of demonstration board (1) is provided with fixed head (3), (3) leave groove with fixed head, insert for securing member (4) and fix, the size Selection of securing member (4) is determined by the size of groove, support bar (10) one end is fixed on the back side of the demonstration board (1) on top, the other end is fixed on base (11).When demonstrating the reflex of light, level crossing (5) is stuck in the centre of two pieces of demonstration boards (1), securing member (4) is inserted in the groove of fixed head (3), initial point alignment bottom 0 scale mark of two protractors (2), securing member (4) is tightened and fixed, the initial point of light amount of alignment hornwork (2) bottom that laser pen (7) sends, the light sent by laser pen (7) is launched on the surface of level crossing (5), thus incident ray and reflection ray (8) can be seen, incident angle and reflection angle is measured with protractor (2), the incident direction changing laser pen (7) can survey several groups of data more, and then the reflection law of checking light.
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 2 is the structural representation of refraction effect.When demonstrating the refraction effect of light, initial point alignment bottom 0 scale mark of two protractors (2), securing member (4) is inserted in the groove of fixed head (3) to be tightened and fixes, the bottom of a rib of transparent cube (6) along the demonstration board (1) on top is close to, the surface of the demonstration board (1) of the side that rib is corresponding and bottom is close to, transparent cube (6) is lived with hand rest, the initial point of light amount of alignment hornwork (2) bottom that laser pen (7) sends, the light sent by laser pen (7) is reflected on the surface of transparent cube (6), reflect therein, thus can incident ray be seen, reflection ray (8) and refracted ray (9), incident angle is measured with protractor (2), reflection angle and refraction angle, the incident direction changing laser pen (7) can survey several groups of data more, and then the refraction law (n of checking light
1sin θ
1=n
2sin θ
2), if the refractive index of transparent cube (6) is unknown, also available the method calculates the refractive index of transparent cube (6).
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 3 is the structural representation of securing member (4).Securing member (4) is made up of bolt (12), nut (13) and pad (14), during use, bolt (12) is inserted in the groove of fixed head (3), tightening nut (13) can fix two demonstration boards (1), the place that bolt (12) contacts with fixed head (3) with the bottom of nut (13) is connected with pad (14), prevents Long-Time Service and damages fixed head (3).
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 4 is the structural representation of fixed head (3), leave the groove be of moderate size therebetween, insert for securing member (4) and fix, one end of fixed head (3) and the bottom sides of demonstration board (1) are fixed as one.
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of protractor (2), and its 0 scale mark in the vertical direction, becomes an angle of 90 degrees with bottom, and protractor (2) is portrayed on demonstration board (1).
Claims (7)
1. a geometrical optics demonstrator, it is characterized in that: by demonstration board (1), protractor (2), fixed head (3), securing member (4), level crossing (5), transparent cube (6), laser pen (7), support bar (10), base (11), bolt (12), nut (13) and pad (14) composition, wherein, protractor (2) is portrayed on demonstration board (1), the two bottom sides of demonstration board (1) is provided with fixed head (3), (3) leave groove with fixed head, insert for securing member (4) and fix, level crossing (5) is stuck in when demonstrating in the middle of two pieces of demonstration boards (1), transparent cube (6) is when demonstrating, the bottom of an one rib along the demonstration board (1) on top is close to, the surface of the demonstration board (1) of the side that rib is corresponding and bottom is close to, the light that laser pen (7) sends needs the initial point bottom amount of alignment hornwork (2) 0 scale mark, support bar (10) one end is fixed on the back side of the demonstration board (1) on top, the other end is fixed on base (11), throughput hornwork (2) can measure the incident angle of light, reflection angle and refraction angle.
2. geometrical optics demonstrator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the smooth and level of described demonstration board (1) lower surface, protractor (2) bottom overlaps with demonstration board (1) bottom along the line, and protractor (2) bottom centre overlaps with demonstration board (1) bottom centre.
3. geometrical optics demonstrator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described protractor (2) is not common protractor used, and its 0 scale mark in the vertical direction, becomes an angle of 90 degrees with bottom, portrays on demonstration board (1).
4. geometrical optics demonstrator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fixed head (3) leaves groove, groove has certain length, two demonstration boards (1) can be made to stagger, and one end of fixed head (3) and the bottom sides of demonstration board (1) are fixed as one.
5. geometrical optics demonstrator according to claim 1, described securing member (4) is made up of bolt (12), nut (13) and pad (14), be inserted between two fixed heads (3) during use, for fixing demonstration board (1).
6. geometrical optics demonstrator according to claim 1, described transparent cube (6) is cube transparent arbitrarily, and during demonstration, one of them face need be close to the surface of the demonstration board of bottom (1).
7. geometrical optics demonstrator according to claim 1, described laser pen (7) is green laser pen, and power is comparatively large, is about 5MW.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510079142.6A CN104700689A (en) | 2015-02-09 | 2015-02-09 | Geometric optical demonstration instrument |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510079142.6A CN104700689A (en) | 2015-02-09 | 2015-02-09 | Geometric optical demonstration instrument |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104700689A true CN104700689A (en) | 2015-06-10 |
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ID=53347758
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510079142.6A Pending CN104700689A (en) | 2015-02-09 | 2015-02-09 | Geometric optical demonstration instrument |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN104700689A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107358853A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2017-11-17 | 陈宇卓 | A kind of refraction apparatus for demonstrating of light |
| RU2676580C2 (en) * | 2017-05-29 | 2019-01-09 | Александр Николаевич Калашников | Demonstration protractor |
| CN110873700A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2020-03-10 | 张怡宁 | Simple method for measuring refractive indexes of colloid, solid and liquid |
-
2015
- 2015-02-09 CN CN201510079142.6A patent/CN104700689A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2676580C2 (en) * | 2017-05-29 | 2019-01-09 | Александр Николаевич Калашников | Demonstration protractor |
| CN107358853A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2017-11-17 | 陈宇卓 | A kind of refraction apparatus for demonstrating of light |
| CN110873700A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2020-03-10 | 张怡宁 | Simple method for measuring refractive indexes of colloid, solid and liquid |
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Application publication date: 20150610 |
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |