CN104700406A - Method and system for extracting plane occurrence texture - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for extracting a plane occurrence texture. The method comprises the steps of acquiring structural plane data; fitting a plane to be selected according to the structural plane data; determining the difference between the plane to be selected and the structural surface; calculating the occurrence texture of the plane to be selected when the difference between the plane to be selected and the structural surface is within a set range. According to the method, the difference between the plane to be selected and the structural plane is determined according to the obtained structural plane data, thus the calculated structural plane can be corrected through mass data, and as a result, the measuring efficiency is increased, and the accuracy is improved.

Description

Plane occurrence extracting method and system

Technical field

The application relates to geological research technical field, particularly relates to a kind of rock plane occurrence extracting method and system.

Background technology

The method of traditional lining structural plane occurrence, can not meet the needs of geology researchist already.Here occurrence refers to the trend of structural plane, tendency and inclination angle.

Please refer to Fig. 1, the structural plane of tilted stratum and the intersection in any level face are called trend line.Trend line instruction geographic orientation (with north geographic pole angle along clockwise direction) call off to.Trend line is with or without several parallel lines, but trend only has two, and difference 180 °.

The ray that tendency and trend line Vertical dimension rock stratum downdip direction are drawn is called parallax, and the geographic orientation of parallax projection line instruction in the horizontal plane claims tendency.Tendency with move towards to differ 90 ° or 270 °, but after the tendency of rock stratum determines, trend just can be determined, the trend of rock stratum is inclined to and is not necessarily determined after determining.

Inclination angle, the angle (α in Fig. 1) of parallax and its projection line in the horizontal plane, also known as main dip.

Lining efficiency is low, and causes a lot of structural plane to measure occurrence due to the rugged surroundings (the non-exposure of steep cliff cliff, structural plane, structural plane situation complicated) in field.The more important thing is, the structural plane measured, cannot be corrected by a large amount of data, accuracy rate is low.

Therefore, inventor provides a kind of and measures the plane occurrence extracting method and system that efficiency is high, accuracy is high on the basis of concentrating on studies to existing research method.

Summary of the invention

The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of and measures the plane occurrence extracting method and system that efficiency is high, accuracy is high, concrete, and a kind of plane occurrence extracting method, comprises the following steps:

Obtain structural plane data;

According to be selected of structural plane data fitting;

Judge to be selected with the difference of structural plane;

When to be selected with when the difference of structural plane is in setting range, calculate the occurrence of to be selected.

The embodiment of the present application also provides a kind of plane occurrence extraction system, comprising:

Measurement mechanism, for obtaining structural plane data;

Treating apparatus, for according to be selected of structural plane data fitting;

Analytical equipment, for:

Judge to be selected with the difference of structural plane;

When to be selected with when the difference of structural plane is in setting range, calculate the occurrence of to be selected.

The plane occurrence extracting method that the embodiment of the present application provides and system, at least have following beneficial effect:

The plane occurrence extracting method that the embodiment of the present application provides and system, according to the structural plane data obtained, judge to be selected with the difference of structural plane, thus mass data can be utilized to revise the structural plane calculated, thus measurement efficiency is high, accuracy is high.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present application, and form a application's part, the schematic description and description of the application, for explaining the application, does not form the improper restriction to the application.In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is rock mass occurrence structural representation.

The process flow diagram of the plane occurrence extracting method that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present application.

The structural representation of the plane occurrence extraction system that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present application.

Embodiment

The technical matters that rock plane occurrence efficiency is low, accuracy is low is measured in order to solve existing research method, the plane occurrence extracting method that the embodiment of the present application provides and system, according to the structural plane data obtained, judge the difference of to be selected of matching and structural plane, thus mass data can be utilized to revise the structural plane calculated, thus measurement efficiency is high, accuracy is high.

For making the object of the application, technical scheme and advantage clearly, below in conjunction with the application's specific embodiment and corresponding accompanying drawing, technical scheme is clearly and completely described.Obviously, described embodiment is only some embodiments of the present application, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, all belong to the scope of the application's protection.

The process flow diagram of the plane occurrence extracting method that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present application, specifically comprises the following steps:

S100: obtain structural plane data.

This step for obtaining the data of rock mass discontinuity, for computer data modeling provide basis.These data comprise coordinate, the color value of rock mass.The coordinate of rock mass is used for providing reference for the distribution of shapes of rock mass.The color value of rock mass is used for providing reference for the constituent analysis of rock mass.

S200: according to be selected of structural plane data fitting.

In this step, the model of rock mass set up by the data separate computing machine that utilization gathers above.After setting up strata model, can study the structure of rock mass in indoor, reduce the labour intensity of rock plane occurrence research.

S300: judge to be selected with the difference of structural plane.

In this step, according to be selected difference with structural plane, judge whether face to be selected meets the requirements.

S400: when to be selected with when the difference of structural plane is in setting range, calculate the occurrence of to be selected.

In this step, when to be selected with the difference of structural plane, time in setting range, selected this to be selected, and calculate the occurrence of to be selected, using the parameter of occurrence as structural plane.

The plane occurrence extracting method that the embodiment of the present application provides, according to the structural plane data obtained, judge to be selected with the difference of structural plane, thus mass data can be utilized to revise the structural plane calculated, thus measurement efficiency is high, accuracy is high.

Further, obtain structural plane data, specifically comprise:

By laser, sound wave or image capturing structural plane data.

By the three-dimensional data of laser scanner, sonar, photographic equipment acquisition rock mass.Laser scanner or sonar can measure the three-dimensional data of rock mass by Quick Measuring, improve the efficiency of image data, and more accurate.

Further, according to be selected of structural plane data fitting, specifically comprise:

Some points are equidistantly chosen, according to be selected of described point data matching according to the roughness of structural plane; Or

Some points are chosen in pointwise, according to be selected of described point data matching.

The judgement of structural plane roughness here can be performed by computing machine completely, also can man-machine interactive operation.

When relying on computing machine to carry out completely, arrange roughness threshold value in program, when structural plane roughness is greater than roughness threshold value, then some points are chosen in pointwise, according to be selected of described point data matching.Like this, because pointwise selected point, so to be selected the degree of accuracy that matching obtains is high.

And when the roughness of structural plane is in roughness threshold range, then equidistantly choose some points, according to be selected of described point data matching.Like this, choose some to be selected discrete of some matchings, counting yield is high.

And by man-machine interactive operation, then according to strata model by the mode manually determining which kind of selected point.

Strata model can observe strata model intuitively according to behind rock mass composition zoning, improve the method analysis efficiency and fidelity is high, Consumer's Experience is good.

Further, according to be selected of structural plane data fitting, adopt Least Square Theory to solve, also comprise:

According to the value of A, B, C at least three point data computer memory plane equation AX+BY+CZ+1=0.The equation of space plane can represent with in AX+BY+CZ+1=0 usually,

When having, the plane of matching can be expressed as following matrix form at N number of:

$\left[\begin{array}{ccc}{x}_1& y_1& z_1\\ ...& ...& ...\\ x_n& y_n& z_n\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{c}A\\ B\\ C\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{c}-1\\ -1\\ -1\end{array}\right],$

Both sides are multiplied: ${\left[\begin{array}{ccc}{x}_1& y_1& z_1\\ ...& ...& ...\\ x_n& y_n& z_n\end{array}\right]}^T,$ ? ${\left[\begin{array}{ccc}{x}_1& y_1& z_1\\ ...& ...& ...\\ x_n& y_n& z_n\end{array}\right]}^T\left[\begin{array}{ccc}{x}_1& y_1& z_1\\ ...& ...& ...\\ x_n& y_n& z_n\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{c}A\\ B\\ C\end{array}\right]={\left[\begin{array}{ccc}{x}_1& y_1& z_1\\ ...& ...& ...\\ x_n& y_n& z_n\end{array}\right]}^T$

Abbreviation obtains: $\left[\begin{array}{ccc}{x}_1& ...& x_n\\ y_1& ...& y_n\\ z_1& ...& z_n\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{ccc}{x}_1& y_1& z_1\\ ...& ...& ...\\ x_n& y_n& z_n\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{c}A\\ B\\ C\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}{x}_1& ...& x_n\\ y_1& ...& y_n\\ z_1& ...& z_n\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{c}-1\\ -1\\ -1\end{array}\right]$

Abbreviation becomes: $\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\mathrm{\Σ}{x}_i^2& \mathrm{\Σ}{x}_i{y}_i& \mathrm{\Σ}{x}_i{z}_i\\ \mathrm{\Σ}{x}_i{y}_i& \mathrm{\Σ}{y}_i^2& \mathrm{\Σ}{y}_i{z}_i\\ \mathrm{\Σ}{x}_i{z}_i& \mathrm{\Σ}{y}_i{z}_i& \mathrm{\Σ}{z}_i^2\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{c}A\\ B\\ C\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{c}-\mathrm{\Σ}{x}_i\\ -\mathrm{\Σ}{y}_i\\ -\mathrm{\Σ}{z}_i\end{array}\right]$

So obtain: $\left[\begin{array}{c}A\\ B\\ C\end{array}\right]={\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\mathrm{\Σ}{x}_i^2& \mathrm{\Σ}{x}_i{y}_i& \mathrm{\Σ}{x}_i{z}_i\\ \mathrm{\Σ}{x}_i{y}_i& \mathrm{\Σ}{y}_i^2& \mathrm{\Σ}{y}_i{z}_i\\ \mathrm{\Σ}{x}_i{z}_i& \mathrm{\Σ}{y}_i{z}_i& \mathrm{\Σ}{z}_i^2\end{array}\right]}^{-1}\left[\begin{array}{c}-\mathrm{\Σ}{x}_i\\ -\mathrm{\Σ}{y}_i\\ -\mathrm{\Σ}{z}_i\end{array}\right],$ Required by coefficient A, B, C are.

Further, according to be selected of structural plane data fitting, also comprise:

The median surface of to be selected is calculated according to K-MEANS algorithm.

In the method that the embodiment of the present application provides, by choosing to be selected of a large amount of data fitting, and calculated the median surface of to be selected by K-MEANS algorithm.As everyone knows, according to the coordinate of any 3 of not conllinear, coefficient A, B, C can be calculated, namely 3 fixed one sides.According to multiple set of several 3 compositions, several planes can be determined.Between these planes, search the plane minimum with other plane included angle variances, the barycenter namely in K-MEANS algorithm, determines median surface.Like this, the median surface calculated and practical structures face similarity high, thus accuracy is high.

Further, judge to be selected with the difference of structural plane, also comprise:

According to operational order, select median surface or abandon median surface.

Here to be selected of judgement and the difference of structural plane, can be performed by computing machine completely, also can man-machine interactive operation.

When relying on computing machine to carry out completely, arrange in program to be selected with the threshold value of structural plane angle, when angle is greater than this threshold value, abandon median surface.And when angle is less than this threshold value, then selected median surface.

And by man-machine interaction judge to be selected with the difference of structural plane, then according to strata model by manually determining whether select median surface.

Further, when to be selected with when the difference of structural plane is in setting range, the occurrence that digital simulation is to be selected, also comprises:

When selected median surface, according to formulae discovery median surface trend, tendency, inclination angle.

Before calculating occurrence, first to determine that the Z value of the normal vector of this plane is greater than 0, Judge plane position could be unified like this.If therefore the Z coordinate of normal vector is less than 0, then to normal vector be multiplied by-1 its Z coordinate become on the occasion of, namely ensure that normal vector is perpendicular to fracture plane upwards.

Judge the orientation of to be selected according to three coordinates of normal vector, as A=0 and B=0,3 are positioned at surface level.Work as C=0,3 are positioned at perpendicular.Get rid of three point on a straight line, be positioned at surface level and be positioned at these three kinds of special circumstances of vertical plane, side can Calculation Plane occurrence.Determine tendency and the inclination angle of to be selected, the dimensional orientation of to be selected can be characterized.To be selected normal vector N (A, B, C), normal vector projection vector is in the horizontal plane N ₁(A, B, 0), surface level normal vector N ₂(0,0,1), Y-axis positive direction vector N ₃(0,1,0).If the Z coordinate of normal vector is less than 0, then to normal vector be multiplied by-1 its Z coordinate become on the occasion of, namely ensure that normal vector is perpendicular to structural plane upwards.

Be not above two kinds of situations, face tilt to be selected, can measure tendency and inclination angle.

Inclination angle $\mathrm{\β}=a\cos (N*N_2/\sqrt{N^2*{N_2}^2})$

If tendency A>0, then $\mathrm{\α}=a\cos (N_1*N_3/\sqrt{{N_1}^2*{N_3}^2}),$ Otherwise $\mathrm{\α}=360-a\cos (N_1*N_3/\sqrt{{N_1}^2*{N_3}^2})$

Move towards γ=β ± 90 or γ=β ± 270

Be more than the method for the plane occurrence extraction that the embodiment of the present application provides, based on same thinking, please refer to Fig. 3, the application also provides a kind of plane occurrence extraction system 1, comprising:

Measurement mechanism 10, for obtaining structural plane data;

Treating apparatus 20, for according to be selected of structural plane data fitting;

Analytical equipment 30, for:

Judge to be selected with the difference of structural plane;

When to be selected with when the difference of structural plane is in setting range, calculate the occurrence of to be selected.

Further, treating apparatus 20, for according to be selected of structural plane data fitting, specifically for:

Some points are equidistantly chosen, according to be selected of described point data matching according to the roughness of structural plane; Or

Some points are chosen in pointwise, according to be selected of described point data matching.

Further, treating apparatus 20, for according to be selected of structural plane data fitting, also for:

According to the value of A, B, C at least three point data computer memory plane equation AX+BY+CZ+1=0, calculate the median surface of to be selected according to K-MEANS algorithm.

Further, analytical equipment 30, for judge to be selected with the difference of structural plane, also for:

According to operational order, select median surface or abandon median surface;

When selected median surface, according to the trend in the middle of formulae discovery, tendency, inclination angle.

The rock plane occurrence extracting method that the embodiment of the present application provides and system, according to the structural plane data obtained, judge the difference of to be selected of matching and structural plane, thus mass data can be utilized to revise the structural plane calculated, thus measure that efficiency is high, accuracy is high.

The foregoing is only the embodiment of the application, be not limited to the application.To those skilled in the art, the application can have various modifications and variations.Any amendment done within all spirit in the application and principle, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., within the right that all should be included in the application.

Claims (10)

1. a plane occurrence extracting method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:

Obtain structural plane data;

According to be selected of structural plane data fitting;

Judge to be selected with the difference of structural plane;

When to be selected with when the difference of structural plane is in setting range, calculate the occurrence of to be selected.

2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, according to be selected of structural plane data fitting, specifically comprises:

Some points are equidistantly chosen, according to be selected of described point data matching according to the roughness of structural plane; Or

Some points are chosen in pointwise, according to be selected of described point data matching.

3. method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, according to be selected of structural plane data fitting, also comprise:

According to the value of A, B, C at least three point data computer memory plane equation AX+BY+CZ+1=0.

4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, according to be selected of structural plane data fitting, also comprises:

The median surface of to be selected is calculated according to K-MEANS algorithm.

5. method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, judge to be selected with the difference of structural plane, also comprise:

According to operational order, select median surface or abandon median surface.

6. method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, when to be selected with when the difference of structural plane is in setting range, calculates the occurrence of to be selected, also comprises:

When selected median surface, according to the trend in the middle of formulae discovery, tendency, inclination angle.

7. a plane occurrence extraction system, is characterized in that, comprising:

Measurement mechanism, for obtaining structural plane data;

Treating apparatus, for according to be selected of structural plane data fitting;

Analytical equipment, for:

Judge to be selected with the difference of structural plane;

When to be selected with when the difference of structural plane is in setting range, calculate the occurrence of to be selected.

8. system as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, described treating apparatus, for according to be selected of structural plane data fitting, specifically for:

Some points are equidistantly chosen, according to be selected of described point data matching according to the roughness of structural plane; Or

Some points are chosen in pointwise, according to be selected of described point data matching.

9. system as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, described treating apparatus, for according to be selected of structural plane data fitting, also for:

According to the value of A, B, C at least three point data computer memory plane equation AX+BY+CZ+1=0, calculate the median surface of to be selected according to K-MEANS algorithm.

10. system as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, described analytical equipment, for judge to be selected with the difference of structural plane, also for:

According to operational order, select median surface or abandon median surface;

When selected median surface, according to the occurrence in the middle of formulae discovery, trend, tendency.