A kind of planar envelope internal messing worm and wormwheel automatic gap eliminating device
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Worm and Worm Gear Driving technical field, particularly to a kind of planar envelope internal messing worm and wormwheel
Automatic gap eliminating device.
Background technology
Worm and Worm Gear Driving device as one of gear-driven type, mainly in order to transmit between two axles of spatial intersecting
Power and motion, usual two shaft staggered angles be 90 °, due to its compact conformation, transmission speed ratio is big, noise is little, worm gear output turn
The features such as square is big is widely used in plant equipment as deceleration device and accurate transmission mechanism.But, with productivity and
The development of industrial technology, creates the contradiction that existing worm-drive technology can not meet reality production.Particularly in precision drive
In device, requirement more and more higher to precision indexing and accurate retarding machine, demand is also increasing.At present with regard to precise worm
The research of transmission is concentrated mainly in the worm-drive using traditional mesh form, does not reach automatically in internal messing form
Eliminate the ability of backlash.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of planar envelope of the precision that can automatically eliminate back lash
Internal messing worm and wormwheel automatic gap eliminating device.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of planar envelope internal messing worm and wormwheel automatic gap eliminating device, including an internal messing worm screw, one to realize power defeated
The external toothing worm screw entering, internal messing worm screw center is provided with pilot hole, and external toothing worm screw passes through axially position device, and axially activity is installed
In assembling in the hole, the engaging tooth of external toothing worm screw is located inside internal messing worm screw, be provided with inside internal messing worm screw several and every
The individual worm gear being simultaneously meshed with internal messing worm screw and external toothing worm screw, each worm gear is provided with a power output shaft and extends to
Outside internal messing worm screw.
Preferably, the mesh equation that internal messing worm screw and the external toothing worm and wheel field of conjugate action are meshed is:
x2"=u
y2"=-rb+vsinβ
z2"=vcos β
Wherein:A is the centre-to-centre spacing of worm and wheel, and β is helical angle;i21For gearratio,For the corner of worm screw,For
The corner of worm gear, rbFor base radius, α is the crossed axis angle of worm gear rotary middle spindle and worm screw rotary middle spindle, u, v be respectively with
The coordinate origin o that worm gear teeth is connected3With respect to the space fixed coordinate system o being connected with worm gear2X, y-coordinate value, Σ1'
(o1',x1',y1',z1') and Σ2"(o2",x2",y2",z2") it is respectively the space operation frame that worm screw and instrument generatrix are fixedly connected with.
Preferably, internal messing worm screw is class bowl-type planar double enveloping worm, and external toothing worm screw is planar double enveloping snail
Bar, internal messing worm screw, external toothing worm screw are formed by same tooth surface equation envelope, and its shape takes to the different portions of double enveloping
Point.
Preferably, worm gear has 2, and symmetrical, and two power output shafts prolong rightabout and stretch out outside internal messing worm screw
Portion.
Preferably, worm gear has 4, and is located at two orthogonal diameters two near the rim of a bowl for the internal messing worm screw respectively
End, four power output shaft counter clockwise directions are stretched out outside planar envelope internal messing worm screw, and adjacent two power output shafts are axially
It is mutually perpendicular to.
Preferably, power output shaft is fixedly connected on worm gear center, and perpendicular to worm gear axial cross section.
Preferably, it is provided with circular platform type cavity inside pilot hole, and cavity small-caliber end is inside internal messing worm screw, away from
One end of external toothing worm engaging tooth is provided with keyway, is thread spindle near the worm shaft of keyway, and axially position device is sheathed on screw thread
Between axle and internal messing worm screw, and fixed by nut.
Preferably, axially position device includes the positioning head matching with circular platform type cavity, and positioning head head apical grafting is in cavity
Small-bore inwall, afterbody connects one end of flexible member, other end connection fixing base, is provided with packing ring between fixed seat and nut.
Preferably, the small-bore place of cavity is provided with an endoporus, and endoporus aperture is more than external toothing worm shaft radial section diameter.
Preferably, flexible member is adjustment spring.
The operation principle of the planar envelope internal messing worm and wormwheel automatic gap eliminating device that the present invention provides is as follows:
The keyway end of external toothing worm screw connects the output end of motor, rotates, be arranged on external toothing snail under the drive of motor
Internal messing worm screw also concomitant rotation on bar, worm gear is also carried out turning under the common driving of internal messing worm screw and external toothing worm screw
Dynamic, in the presence of axially position device, the mesh tooth face of external toothing worm screw keeps contacting with a lateral tooth flank of worm gear, internal messing snail
The mesh tooth face of bar keeps contacting with another lateral tooth flank of worm gear, when there is abrasion in transmission in the flank of tooth of worm screw, worm gear, axle
Positioning head will be promoted to move axially along external toothing worm shaft to the adjustment spring in locator, thus promoting internal messing worm screw edge
The axial movement of external toothing worm screw, is made internal messing worm screw be remained with the flank of tooth of external toothing worm and worm wheel and contacts, automatically enter
Row backlash compensates, and realizes worm geared automatic anti-backlash.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention is:
1st, the present invention provide a kind of planar envelope internal messing worm and wormwheel automatic gap eliminating device worm gear output power by
External toothing worm screw drives internal messing worm-drive, and two worm screws are common to realize the power input to worm gear, thus the present invention have bigger
Bearing capacity.
2nd, the present invention, due to adopting the anti-backlash mechanism of axially position device between interior external toothing worm screw, grinds in worm and wormwheel
During damage, can automatically promote internal messing worm screw axially to move along internal messing worm screw, make the worm and wormwheel flank of tooth remain contact,
Carry out backlash compensation, thus effectively solve the backlash after worm and wormwheel tooth surface abrasion eliminate problem it is ensured that
Transmission accuracy.
3rd, by the way of the present invention is due to being driven using internal messing worm screw and external toothing worm screw simultaneously, therefore this device has concurrently simultaneously
External toothing worm screw and the plurality of advantages of internal messing worm screw, not only can meet the needs that many workloads are driven simultaneously, and
And structure is simple, compact, transmission efficiency, when being applied to the occasion that many workloads are driven, with common snail simultaneously
Bar transmission is compared, this transmission device small volume, lightweight, high precision, saving production cost easy to assembly, larger.
4th, because worm gear adopts symmetrical arrangement in the present invention, in transmission process, two symmetrical worm gears are carried out relatively
Or be driven on the contrary, so not only can reduce the axial force on worm screw, and noise can be reduced so that transmission is more steady,
Especially more steady during transmission when worm gear is 2 or 4.
5th, in the present invention, worm screw power input shaft is in nonopiate interlaced arrangement with the power output shaft of worm gear, and each power
Output shaft all in the centre of gyration of each worm gear, make structure compacter, transmission more steady.
In sum, the present invention provides a kind of one kind that can achieve and automatically eliminate planar envelope internal messing worm screw backlash
Accurate transmission mechanism, this kind of version not only ensure that the normal work of transmission and good lubrication, and by using outer
Engagement worm screw and the form of internal messing worm combination transmission, can effectively eliminate the backlash between worm and wormwheel and worm and wormwheel
The turn error producing during rotating, effectively improves the transmission accuracy of device.Also make this device have internal messing concurrently simultaneously
Worm screw and the partly outstanding meshing performance of external toothing worm screw, and this device being arranged symmetrically using many worm gears, reduce worm shaft
To power so that transmission is more steady, noise is lower, compact conformation, can achieve that list worm screw inputs 1~4 even more many worm gear defeated
Go out, transmission efficiency, meet the transmission demand of many workloads, in aerospace field, naval vessel, optical instrument, measurement simultaneously
It is respectively provided with wide application prospect in field.
Brief description
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is cross-sectional view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is external toothing worm structure schematic diagram in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view that in the present invention, worm gear is 2;
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view that in the present invention, worm gear is 4;
Fig. 5 is the frame schematic diagram of mesh tooth face theory deduction in the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the auxiliary frame schematic diagram of mesh tooth face theory deduction in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
As Figure 1-3, a kind of planar envelope internal messing worm and wormwheel automatic gap eliminating device that the present invention provides, including one
Individual 1, external toothing worm screw 4 of internal messing worm screw, for adjust automatically worm and wormwheel back lash axially position device, simultaneously with
2 worm gears 2,5 and the power output shaft 3,6 combining with worm gear 2,5 respectively that internal messing worm screw 1 and external toothing worm screw 4 are meshed.
The power input shaft of the present invention is external toothing worm screw 4 (as shown in Figure 2), in external toothing worm screw 4 away from engagement increment
It is provided with keyway 4-3, is connected with the power output shaft of motor by shaft coupling, driven rotation, external toothing snail simultaneously by motor
Bar 4 is processed into the form of thread spindle 4-4 near the worm shaft of keyway end 4-3, for the fixation of axially position device.
Axially position device includes nut 7, packing ring 8, spring fixed seat 9, adjustment spring 10, positioning head 11;Axially position device
Positioning head 11 be truncated cone-shaped structure, be enclosed within external toothing worm screw 4 thread spindle 4-4, positioning head 11 is arranged on internal messing snail simultaneously
Bar 1 setting truncated cone-shaped in the hole, adjustment spring 10 be arranged between corresponding spring fixed seat 9 and positioning head 11, its one end with
Spring base 9 contacts, and the other end is contacted with positioning head 11, and axially position device is fixed on external toothing worm screw 4 by nut 7, and leads to
Cross nut 7 to adjust the relative position of external toothing worm screw 4 and internal messing worm screw 1, between nut 7 and spring base 9, packing ring is installed
8.
Internal messing worm screw 1 and external toothing snail in the planar envelope internal messing worm and wormwheel automatic gap eliminating device that the present invention provides
Bar 4 is planar double enveloping worm, and two worm screws are formed by same tooth surface equation envelope, the shape of inside and outside engagement worm screw
Take to the different piece of double enveloping, as shown in Figure 5, Figure 6, its tooth surface equation is:
x2"=u
y2"=-rb+vsinβ
z2"=vcos β
Wherein:
A is the centre-to-centre spacing of worm and wheel;
β is helical angle;
rbFor base radius;
α is the crossed axis angle of worm gear rotary middle spindle and worm screw rotary middle spindle;
i21For gearratio, that is,
Wherein ω1For the angular velocity vector of worm screw, ω2For the angular velocity vector of worm gear,For the corner of worm screw,For snail
The corner of wheel;
As shown in Fig. 5 Fig. 6, in figure ∑1(o1,x1,y1,z1) and ∑2(o2,x2,y2,z2) be respectively worm screw be fixedly connected with and work
The space fixed coordinates frame (referred to as principal coordinate) of tool generatrix;
∑1'(o1',x1',y1',z1') and ∑2"(o2",x2",y2",z2") it is respectively the space that worm screw and instrument generatrix are fixedly connected with
Moving frame, (x1',y1',z1') it is the space operation frame o being fixedly connected with worm screw1'Corresponding coordinate value, (x2",y2",z2") be
The space operation frame o being fixedly connected with instrument generatrix2"Corresponding coordinate value;
∑2'(o2',x2',y2',z2') for convenience of frame conversion transition frame;
According to the theory of engagement, introduce frame Σ at meshing point4(op,e1,e2,n);
Σ3(o3,x3,y3,z3)=(o3, u, 0, the v) coordinate system being connected with worm gear teeth, u, v are respectively and worm gear teeth
Connected coordinate origin o3With respect to the space fixed coordinate system o being connected with worm gear2X, y-coordinate value;
According to the coordinate system set up and tooth surface equation, the concrete shape of worm screw is by worm gear cornerParameter determination, its China and foreign countries
Engagement worm screwSpan be-π/5~π/5, internal messing worm screwSpan be 4 π/5~8 π/7.
In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 1, being provided with suitable with axially position device positioning head 11 on internal messing worm screw 1
Round platform type hole, is additionally provided with endoporus 16 on internal messing worm screw 1 and the adjacent position of round platform type hole simultaneously, for external toothing worm screw 1
And the assembling of worm gear 2,5, and endoporus 16 is slightly larger in dimension than external toothing worm screw 4 radial dimension, in order to the dress of whole backlash eliminating equipment
Join.
In the present embodiment, engaging tooth 1-1,1-2 of internal messing worm screw 1 are arranged on the inside engaging tooth of internal messing worm screw,
Engaging tooth 4-1,4-2 of external toothing worm screw 4 is arranged on the external toothing tooth of external toothing worm screw, and the corresponding teeth of each worm gear 2,5 is respectively
Engage with inside engaging tooth 1-1,1-2 of internal messing worm screw 1 and the outside flank of tooth 4-1,4-2 of external toothing worm screw 4;α returns for worm gear
Turn the crossed axis angle of central shaft and worm screw rotary middle spindle, when α=0, the worm shaft in this device is orthogonal thereto with worm-gear output shaft
Alternative form;When α ≠ 0, the worm shaft in this device is in nonopiate alternative form with worm-gear output shaft, and each power output shaft
All in the centre of gyration of each worm gear.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in figure 4, the quantity of preferably turbine is 4 in the present embodiment, respectively turbine 2,5,13,15, corresponding dynamic
The quantity of power output shaft is also 4, respectively power output shaft 3,6,12,14.
Above-described embodiment midplane envelope internal messing worm screw automatic gap eliminating device can achieve that power inputs 2 or 4 by twin worm
Worm gear exports (such as Fig. 3, shown in Fig. 4) simultaneously, and certain 2 and 4 worm gears are the preferred embodiments in embodiment hereof, 1 or 3 or
The output of 5 or more worm gear is also within the scope of the present invention.
Operation principle the following detailed description of the present invention:
The keyway end of external toothing worm screw 1 is connected with the power output shaft of motor by shaft coupling, turns under the drive of motor
Dynamic, it is arranged on the internal messing worm screw 4 also concomitant rotation on external toothing worm screw 1, worm gear 2,5,13,15 is in internal messing worm screw 1 and outer
It is also carried out rotating under the common driving of engagement worm screw 4, in the presence of axially position device, the engaging tooth 1-1 of external toothing worm screw 1,
The right flank of 1-2 and worm gear 2,5,13,15 keeps contacting, engaging tooth 4-1,4-2 of internal messing worm screw 4 and worm gear 2,5,13,
15 left flank keeps contact, when there is abrasion in transmission in the flank of tooth of worm screw, worm gear, the adjustment bullet in axially position device
Spring 10 will promote positioning head 11 to move axially along external toothing worm screw 4 axle, thus promoting internal messing worm screw 1 along external toothing worm screw 4
Axial movement, so that internal messing worm screw 1 is remained with the flank of tooth of external toothing worm screw 4 and worm gear 2,5,13,15 and contact, automatically enter
Row backlash compensates, and realizes worm geared automatic anti-backlash.
It can be professional and technical personnel in the field's realization or use that above-mentioned embodiment is intended to illustrate the present invention, to above-mentioned
Embodiment is modified and be will be apparent from for those skilled in the art, therefore the present invention includes but is not limited to
Above-mentioned embodiment, any meet the claims or specification description, meet with principles disclosed herein and novelty,
The method of inventive features, technique, product, each fall within protection scope of the present invention.