CN104672653A - 利用废旧pvc塑料制备阻燃地板的方法 - Google Patents

利用废旧pvc塑料制备阻燃地板的方法 Download PDF

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CN104672653A
CN104672653A CN201310615888.5A CN201310615888A CN104672653A CN 104672653 A CN104672653 A CN 104672653A CN 201310615888 A CN201310615888 A CN 201310615888A CN 104672653 A CN104672653 A CN 104672653A
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陈明霞
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    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/18—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种利用废旧PVC塑料制备阻燃地板的方法，其特征在于该地板包括表面耐磨保温层、面料层和底层组成，其中表面耐磨保温层由改性的废旧PVC颗粒100份、DOP增塑剂2～8份、有机锡稳定剂1～4份、金红石型钛白粉8～10份、氢氧化镁阻燃剂3～5份组成；面料层由改性的废旧PVC颗粒100份、DOP增塑剂2～5份、石粉8～15份、有机锡稳定剂稳定剂1～4份、石蜡1～2份组成；底层由改性的废旧PVC颗粒100份、DOP增塑剂2～8份、石粉10～15份、氯化石蜡3～5份、炭黑4～8份、有机锡稳定剂1～4份组成。本发明阻燃地板具有成本低、耐磨性、防滑性好的优点，也具有无毒、无刺激性气味的特点，经济环保。

Description

利用废旧PVC塑料制备阻燃地板的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及PVC地板技术领域，具体涉及利用废旧PVC塑料制备阻燃地板的方法。 
背景技术
PVC地板是指采用聚氯乙烯材料生产的地板，具体地说是以聚氯乙烯及其共聚树脂为主要原料，加入填料、增塑剂、稳定剂、着色剂等辅料，在片状连续基材上，经涂敷工艺或经压延、挤出或挤压工艺生产而成的地板。PVC地板具有外观新颖、耐磨、耐污、防滑性、抗冲击性、弹性强以及防水防潮等优点，已成为世界上流行的新型轻体地面装饰材料，特别是在欧美市场以及亚太市场广受欢迎，在中国也非常普及，发展前景非常广阔。 
近年来，随着科技的不断进步，人们对PVC地板的探索研究也日益成熟，相应的PVC地板也功能各异，性能优良，如何在PVC地板领域中成为赢家，结合现有PVC地板研究现状，本发明提出了在原有性能的基础上降低成本的想法，采用废旧的PVC塑料生产地板，既能实现降低成本的目的，也实现了PVC塑料的回收利用，经济环保，一举两得。 
发明内容
本发明的目的在于：提供一种防滑性和弹性佳、成本低、经济环保、耐磨性好，吸水率低、阻燃的地板，采用废旧的PVC塑料为原料，通过填充改性，实现地板制品性能好的目的。 
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案： 
利用废旧PVC塑料制备阻燃地板的方法，所述的阻燃地板由表面耐磨保温层、面料层和底层组成，所述表面耐磨保温层的制作原料包括以下重量份数的组分： 
所述面料层的制作原料包括以下重量份数的组分： 
所述底层的制作原料包括以下重量份数的组份： 
其中，上述石粉优选为天然硫酸钡，天然硫酸钡为重晶石粉，具有密度大、不溶于水的特点且富含钡，为呈白色粉末的非金属矿物，化学性质稳定、无毒、 无磁性、阻燃和电绝缘性能良好的优点，能畈收X射线及v射线，因此将其用于制作面料成和底层，可使各层性能稳定，具备无毒、无磁性、阻燃和电绝缘性能良好等优点。 
上述的改性的废旧PVC颗粒的改性方案如下：回收PVC颗粒料100份、100目甘蔗渣30～50份、AC发泡剂1～3份、ZnO助发泡剂1～2份、有机锡稳定剂1～2份混合后，在90～110℃条件下高速捏合机捏合，冷却后挤出即可。 
利用废旧PVC塑料制备阻燃地板的方法，具体步骤包括： 
1、采用以下工序分别制备表面耐磨保温层、面料层和底层： 
a、在100～126℃温度条件下的搅拌桶中加入表面耐磨保温层、面料层和底层的组份，搅拌均匀成混合料； 
b、将混合料送入炼胶机进行炼胶； 
c、再将混合料经压延机压制、出片设定厚度的PVC片，最后将PVC片裁切成设定长度、宽度制得表面耐磨保温层、面料层和底层； 
2、将步骤1制得的表面耐磨保温层、面料层和底层进行搭配，并烧制合成PVC阻燃地板。 
上述步骤1-a工序中，表面耐磨保温层组分的加入次序为改性的PVC颗粒、DOP增塑剂、有机锡稳定剂、金红石型钛白粉、氢氧化镁阻燃剂，面料层组分的加入次序为改性的PVC颗粒、DOP增塑剂、石粉、有机锡稳定剂、石蜡。 
上述步骤1-b工序中，所述混合料通过螺旋送料机送入炼胶机，设定炼胶机的温度为150-200℃，并且所述步骤1-c工序中压延机的温度设为130-160℃；出片后采用水冷系统冷却，上述压延机的温度具体是指压延机土滚筒的温度。 
经压延机压制出片适当厚度的PVC片后，通过输送带将PVC片送至裁切机裁切成适当的厚度，本发明阻燃PVC地板的整体厚度宜控制在60-130mm之间。 
上述步骤2中，烧制是指采用版纹模具加热、加压将表面耐磨保温层、面料层和底层制成半成品，待半成品冷却后，利用压机热压合成阻燃PVC地板。 
上述压机的温度设置为130～160℃，压力设置为120～150蜉，加热时间设置为35～50分钟。 
在上述定型处理程序完成后再对半成品进行养生处理，即静置24～72小时，使经定型处理后的半成品形态固定，进一步稳定制得阻燃PVC地板的物性。 
上述步骤完成后，根据实际需要对阻燃PVC阻燃地板进行冲切，而后根据要求是否需要倒角，最后进行检验包装完成阻燃PVC地板产品的整体制作。 
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是： 
1、本发明通过合理配比阻燃PVC地板表面耐磨保温层、面料层和底层的制作原料，使阻燃PVC地板富有弹性、无毒、防滑性强，使阻燃PVC地板具有易于施工、舒适度佳的优点，并且通过引入可重复利用的组份是阻燃PVC地板即使报废后，亦可以继续循环使用，有效的节约了资源。 
2、本发明之阻燃PVC地板采用改性的废旧PVC颗粒，因此使阻燃PVC地板更生产降低，经济效益提高，同时也具有环保性。 
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实例对本发明技术方案作进一步说明。 
实例1 
利用废旧PVC塑料制备阻燃地板的方法，所述的阻燃地板由表面耐磨保温层、面料层和底层组成，所述表面耐磨保温层的制作原料包括以下重量份数的组分： 
所述面料层的制作原料包括以下重量份数的组分： 
所述底层的制作原料包括以下重量份数的组份： 
其中，上述石粉优选为天然硫酸钡，天然硫酸钡为重晶石粉。 
上述的改性的废旧PVC颗粒的改性方案如下：回收PVC颗粒料100份、100目甘蔗渣30～50份、AC发泡剂1～3份、ZnO助发泡剂1～2份、有机锡稳定剂1～2份混合后，在90～110℃条件下高速捏合机捏合，冷却后挤出即可。 
利用废旧PVC塑料制备阻燃地板的方法，具体步骤包括： 
1、采用以下工序分别制备表面耐磨保温层、面料层和底层： 
a、在100～126℃温度条件下的搅拌桶中加入表面耐磨保温层、面料层和底 层的组份，搅拌均匀成混合料； 
b、将混合料送入炼胶机进行炼胶； 
c、再将混合料经压延机压制、出片设定厚度的PVC片，最后将PVC片裁切成设定长度、宽度制得表面耐磨保温层、面料层和底层； 
2、将步骤1制得的表面耐磨保温层、面料层和底层进行搭配，并烧制合成PVC阻燃地板。 
上述步骤1-a工序中，表面耐磨保温层组分的加入次序为改性的PVC颗粒、DOP增塑剂、有机锡稳定剂、金红石型钛白粉、氢氧化镁阻燃剂，面料层组分的加入次序为改性的PVC颗粒、DOP增塑剂、石粉、有机锡稳定剂、石蜡。 
上述步骤1-b工序中，所述混合料通过螺旋送料机送入炼胶机，设定炼胶机的温度为150-200℃，并且所述步骤1-c工序中压延机的温度设为130-160℃；出片后采用水冷系统冷却，上述压延机的温度具体是指压延机土滚筒的温度。 
经压延机压制出片适当厚度的PVC片后，通过输送带将PVC片送至裁切机裁切成适当的厚度，本发明阻燃PVC地板的整体厚度宜控制在60-130mm之间。 
上述步骤2中，烧制是指采用版纹模具加热、加压将表面耐磨保温层、面料层和底层制成半成品，待半成品冷却后，利用压机热压合成阻燃PVC地板。 
上述压机的温度设置为130～160℃，压力设置为120～150蜉，加热时间设置为35～50分钟。 
在上述定型处理程序完成后再对半成品进行养生处理，即静置24～72小时，使经定型处理后的半成品形态固定，进一步稳定制得阻燃PVC地板的物性。 
上述步骤完成后，根据实际需要对阻燃PVC阻燃地板进行冲切，而后根据要求是否需要倒角，最后进行检验包装完成阻燃PVC地板产品的整体制作。 
将实施例1、2、3的阻燃PVC地板做性能测试均符合PVC地板行业性能标 准的要求，并且本发明阻燃PVC地板在隔音降噪能力、防滑耐磨及耐污性、抗酸碱性等方面更表现出优越性，另外，本发明的阻燃PVC地板还具有尺寸稳定性好，不会受温度、潮湿影响变形的优点。 
经实验测试，本发明技术方案生产的阻燃PVC地板的甲醛含量为零，防火性能达到Bl级，并且依照EN434:94标准对本发明阻燃PVC地板的加热尺寸变化率(%)、加热冷冻翘曲(mm)进行测试，依照EN431:94标准对本发明产品阻燃PVC地板的剥离强度(KN/M)进行测试，结果为：加热尺寸变化率(%)≤0.25%、加热冷冻翘曲(mm)≤2.0mm，剥离强度(KN/M)≥1.5KN/M。 

Claims (2)

1.利用废旧PVC塑料制备阻燃地板的方法，其特征在于：该阻燃地板由表面耐磨保温层、面料层和底层组成，所述表面耐磨保温层的制作原料包括以下重量份数的组分：
所述面料层的制作原料包括以下重量份数的组分：
所述底层的制作原料包括以下重量份数的组份：
2.如权利要求1所述的利用废旧PVC塑料制备阻燃地板的方法，其特征在于：所述的面料层和底层的制作原料中的石粉为天然硫酸钡。
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107265998A (zh) * 2017-06-22 2017-10-20 合肥励仙电力工程有限公司 一种节能环保的地板及其制备方法
CN110735511A (zh) * 2018-07-18 2020-01-31 柯五男 塑料地砖制造方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107265998A (zh) * 2017-06-22 2017-10-20 合肥励仙电力工程有限公司 一种节能环保的地板及其制备方法
CN110735511A (zh) * 2018-07-18 2020-01-31 柯五男 塑料地砖制造方法

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