CN104663350B - Peach tree shaping method - Google Patents
Peach tree shaping method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104663350B CN104663350B CN201510090352.5A CN201510090352A CN104663350B CN 104663350 B CN104663350 B CN 104663350B CN 201510090352 A CN201510090352 A CN 201510090352A CN 104663350 B CN104663350 B CN 104663350B
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- tree
- peach
- peach tree
- vertical rod
- seedling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of peach tree shaping method, the plant of peach tree strong sprout is selected, peach tree young sprout is strapped on auxiliary frame side lever, continuous pinching 23 times, continuous operation 2 years, after 2 years, peach tree molding enters fruiting period, selects peach seedling, more than peach tree seedling height 1.0m, more than nursery stock rugosity 1.0cm, in shaping strip, sprout is full to enrich, well developed root system；Sterilize before transplanted seedling tree, and more than the 12h that is soaked in water；After early spring soil thaws or autumn plant, bottom applies decomposed manure；Peach tree nursery stock takes plants, and is poured water after cultivation immediately；Covering with plastic film after watering 12 days；High 40 60cm is done surely on the ground；Embedded auxiliary frame is shaped again, and such shaping methods are simpler than former method, it is easier to operate, and cost increase is not high, the people for cultivating experience without peach tree also quickly can be grasped, and reaches tree-like standard, high yield, stable yields target.
Description
The present invention is application number 2014100342583, and on 01 24th, 2014 applying date, denomination of invention be " a kind of peach tree
The divisional application of shaping methods ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of peach tree shaping method, specifically, is related to one kind for land for growing field crops peach tree shaping method,
Belong to field of fruit tree cultivation.
Background technology
Peach tree is China's Important Economic woods fruit tree kind, in China temperate zone, subtropical zone cultivation extensively, in order to improve peach tree
The economic benefit of cultivation, people's progressively multiple shaping and trimming methods of practice summary.At present peach tree commonly used tree-like including：Nothing
Two major branch natural open centre shapes of trunk, the natural open centre shape of three major branches, cup-like shape of many major branches etc.；There is the cylinder of trunk or spin
Capitate etc..
During the present invention is realized, inventor has found that prior art at least has the following disadvantages：Above pruning
In practice, position of the generally existing to master branch, branch top spreading angle etc. are difficult to hold, and easily relatively large deviation occur, cause to set
Shape advantage is difficult to give full play to, and fruit quality and yield are affected.Such as the state such as Japan has developed frame ' Y ' type pruning method,
China has also applied, but because of high cost, Difficulty.
A kind of 200810022413.4 invention of the patent tree-like shaping methods of plate-like, by low fixed dry, top young sprout culture
Upright growth is done at center, and base portion young sprout forms wheel shape branch, and the culture through 4-5 is formed, with 3-4 major branches as backbone's
Plate-like is tree-like, and the method can reduce height of tree crown, and the tree-like setting of peach tree is needed by certain frame material auxiliary shaping, is beneficial to morning
Phase tree crown expands, but prunes process complexity, cultivates tree-like process slowly, relatively costly.
Content of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is for problem above, there is provided a kind of peach tree shaping method, using the present invention's
Shaping methods, easy to operate, it is easily mastered, and standardization level is high, heading height, tree-like unification are attractive in appearance, are particularly suitable for marking
Standardization orchard and Sightseeing Orchard.
For solving problem above, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows：A kind of peach tree shaping method, its feature exist
In：The plant of peach tree strong sprout is selected, the young sprout that extracts out after peach tree is done surely is strapped on auxiliary frame side lever, continuous pinching 2-3 time, even
Continuous operation 2 years, peach tree molding after 2 years enter fruiting period；
The shaping methods are comprised the following steps：
（1）Select peach seedling, more than peach tree seedling height 1.0m, more than nursery stock rugosity 1.0cm, in shaping strip, sprout satisfies
Full substantial, well developed root system；
（2）Plant peach seedling
Sterilize before transplanted seedling tree, and more than the 12h that is soaked in water；
After in early spring, soil thaws or autumn plant, bottom applies decomposed manure；
Peach tree nursery stock takes plants, and is poured water after cultivation immediately；Covering with plastic film after watering 1-2 days；
High 40-60cm is done surely on the ground；
（3）Embedded auxiliary frame
While transplanted seedling tree, bury in the case where auxiliary frame is inserted simultaneously in nursery stock side, with making auxiliary frame branching point bottom distance
The high 0.4-0.8m in face；
（4）Treelet is shaped
After peach tree germination, when young sprout grows into 30-40cm, two of which is strapped in auxiliary frame from the young sprout close to branching point
On side lever, major branch i.e. skeleton branch is progressively trained later, bondage young sprout grows into 30-50cm and carries out pinching, when the two are new
When the tip grows young sprout 30-40 again, then select the prosperous tip to continue bondage, then pinching, operate continuously 2 years, after pruning through cultivation peach tree into
Shape, enters fruiting period.Can determine that the branch on major branch i.e. side shoot is directly trained fruitful branch or fruitful branch according to density size
Group.It can be that side shoot is directly trained fruitful branch by the branch on major branch that more than 66 plants are planted such as mu, and mu plants less than 66 plants can be by major branch
On branch be a side shoot culture part into fruit-bearing shoot cluster, branch group 20～50cm of spacing.
By the peach tree strong sprout of invention requirement, after peach tree plant germination, it will usually 4～10 branches of pumping, choosing and vertical rod point
Two nearest branches of wooden fork point are strapped on side lever, and other branches of trunk pumping and fruitful branch need not then be fixed, can be by repairing
Cut regulation；Or directly erase in time.If overstocked also suitably can remove, can suitably stay 2 ~ 4 branches to be trained when having space and face
When fruitful branch, progressively wipe out after 2 ~ 3 years after result.
The auxiliary frame includes that vertical rod, the top of vertical rod are connected with two side levers, are respectively equipped with several on two side levers
Equally distributed stop hook；
The top of the vertical rod is provided with several connecting holes, and side lever is hinged with vertical rod；Described two side levers are inclined upwardly and set
Put, side lever is 110 ° -140 ° with the angle of vertical rod；
The lower hinge of the vertical rod has three support bars, side lever, support bar and stop hook and vertical rod to be and be detachably connected；
The distance between the long 60-120cm of the vertical rod, the long 10-100cm of side lever, adjacent stop hook are 10-20cm.
Further, in the plant peach seedling step, decomposed manure is chicken manure, soybean cake, and consumption applies 1000- for mu
3000kg.
Further, in the plant peach seedling step, plant pit 80 × 80cm or 80 × more than 100cm during plant.
Further, in the plant peach seedling step, sterilized with ' K-84 ' actinomycetes before transplanted seedling tree.
Key to the invention is that（1）Select high-quality peach tree strong sprout.Nursery stock require neat, rugosity, highly, root system development degree
Approximately, difference less, when such as nursery stock is irregular, transplant by different rows in different plot, must plant in every a line by gradable classification
Compare the nursery stock of uniformity.Substantially uniform consistent when ensureing to grow, growth potential is close.So tree body moulding could neat one
Cause.（2）Nursery stock is finely transplanted.Only finely transplant in the homogeneous plot of soil property, and liquid manure maintenance pipe after strengthening Planting management and planting
Reason, can just make plant percent high and growing way is uniform, so easily each branch top shape and sustained height and length in the same time
Degree, makes tree-like more standard.（3）By means of shaping auxiliary frame, shaping can be made to do surely simpler, be more easy to grasp, shape more standard.
（4）After bondage, final-period management will also be unified, and more preferably could shape by standard operation.In a word, only tied according to four aspects closely
Close, using high quality seedling, fine plant, and shape by auxiliary frame, then strengthen the series techniques such as final-period management, can be very convenient
Make tree-like neat, standard, that is, reach rich matter gold standard, and very attractive in appearance.
Whole process of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, even if the people for not cultivating experience also can smooth operation.And former side
Legal type is pretty troublesome, and shoot growth angle, direction always grow naturally, and fruit shape will be adjusted to preferable tree-like, need constantly
By pruning, draw branch to adjust branch angle, and be extremely difficult to preferable angle and tree-like.By auxiliary frame effect just completely
Difference, can be such that tree body grows according to the preferable angle of people, direction.
The present invention adopts above technical scheme, compared with prior art, with advantages below：So shaping methods were than former
Method is simpler, it is easier to operate, and cost increase is not high, the people for cultivating experience without peach tree also quickly can be grasped, and reaches
To tree-like standard, high yield, stable yields target.
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of auxiliary frame in the embodiment of the present invention；
In figure,
1- vertical rods, 2- side levers, 3- connecting holes, 4- stop hooks, 5- support bars.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described with specific case study on implementation below：
Embodiment 1, below we do further detailed description to the present invention by taking ' Xia Dan ' as an example.
A kind of peach tree shaping method, comprises the following steps：
（1）Select ' Xia Dan ' high-quality peach tree strong sprout, it is desirable to more than peach tree seedling height 1.0m, more than grafting part 10cm,
More than nursery stock rugosity 1.0cm, in shaping strip, shaping strip refers to rhizome 30～60cm scopes on the ground, and sprout is full to enrich, root system
Flourishing；Nursery stock is basically identical.
（2）Fine plant
1. sterilized with ' K-84 ' actinomycetes before transplanted seedling tree, and the 20h that is soaked in water.
2. transplant after early spring soil thaws；
3. 4 meters of planting density line-spacing, 2 meters of spacing in the rows, 80 × 80cm of plant pit, bottom use sufficient become thoroughly decomposed high-quality fertilizer, chicken manure or bean
Cake, consumption apply 2000kg for mu；
Nursery stock suitable surface planting when 4. transplanting, is advisable so that nursery stock axial root system is equal with earth's surface, and nursery stock takes and plants, and is filled after cultivation immediately
Water；
5. 2 days covering with plastic film after watering；
6. high 50cm is done surely on the ground；
（3）In transplanted seedling tree simultaneously, auxiliary frame is inserted by nursery stock, make branch bottom apart from the high 0.6m in ground；
（4）After germination, when young sprout grows into 30cm, two of which young sprout is strapped on auxiliary frame branching bar, progressively will
Which is trained major branch i.e. skeleton branch, pinching when bondage young sprout grows into 40cm, and after pinching, the two young sprouts grow young sprout again and reach
When 30, then the prosperous tip is selected to continue bondage, then pinching, winter, to major branch extending head light pruning, cuts off 5～10cm, wipes out back prosperous by force
Branch, overstocked branch, overlap intersect branch.Other young sprouts of trunk pumping only pluck a heart, and length puts not cutting back later, only removes overstocked branch
Bar, is trained interim findings branch or fruit-bearing shoot cluster, is divided to 2 years and wipes out after 2 years, reserves growth to the master branch of bondage sizing empty
Between, in case closing.Major branch does not stay large-scale branch group, directly raw small branch group and result long shoot.Continuous operation 2 years, ' Xia Dan ' are set
Shape shapes substantially, neat, attractive in appearance, standard, and rapidly enters fruiting period.
As shown in figure 1, auxiliary frame is made with light material or metal material, auxiliary frame body is Y type frame bars, auxiliary frame bag
Include vertical rod 1, the top of vertical rod 1 is connected with two side levers 2, two side levers 2 are inclined upwardly setting, the top of vertical rod 1 is provided with some
Individual connecting hole 3, two side levers 2 are hinged with vertical rod 1 and are coaxially disposed, and are respectively equipped with several equally distributed on two side levers 2
Stop hook 4, stop hook 4 are used for the cord landing for preventing bondage peach tree tender tip, and the lower hinge of vertical rod 1 has three support bars 5, support bar
5 are buried native fixation.1 long 60-120cm of vertical rod, 70cm in this example；2 long 10-100cm of side lever, 20cm in this example；Adjacent gear
The distance between hook 4 is 10-20cm, 10cm in this example；Side lever 2 is 110 ° -140 ° with the angle of vertical rod 1,120 ° in this example.Side
Bar 2, support bar 5 and stop hook 4 are with vertical rod 1 and are detachably connected, convenient transport, and adjustable distance, solid with screw during use
Fixed.
Important technology of the present invention it is critical only that（1）Select ' Xia Dan ' high-quality strong sprout.Nursery stock require neat, rugosity, highly, root
It is that development degree is approximate, difference is little.Substantially uniform consistent when ensureing to grow, growth potential is close.So tree body moulding could be whole
Homogeneous is caused.（2）Nursery stock is finely transplanted.Only finely transplant in the homogeneous plot of soil property, and liquid manure is supported after strengthening Planting management and planting
Pillar is managed, and can just make plant percent high and growing way is uniform, so easily each branch top shape and sustained height in the same time
And length, make tree-like more standard.（3）By means of auxiliary frame, shaping can be made to do surely simpler, be more easy to grasp, shape more standard.
（4）After bondage, final-period management will also be unified, and more preferably could shape by standard operation.In a word, only tied according to four aspects closely
Close, using high quality seedling, fine plant, and shape by auxiliary frame, then strengthen the series techniques such as final-period management, can be very convenient
Make tree-like neat, standard, that is, reach high yield gold standard, and very attractive in appearance.
Testing was carried out in Weifang City Weicheng District Pan Li town test garden in continuous 5 years 2007 to 2011.Test separating tests
Area and contrast district, geological conditions are identical, and trial zone is transplanted 180, and contrast district is transplanted 180.Trial zone is whole according to the present invention's
Branch method is carried out, and contrast district is carried out according to traditional pruning method, and remaining way to manage is identical.
As a result：' Xia Dan ' shaping unification that is cultivated by the method, is highly 50cm, and shaping speed is fast, and neat beautiful
See.Fruit color area increases by 15% than control, and fine work fruit improves 17%, and yield increases by 18%, and per mu increases income 2200 yuan.Auxiliary frame
Cost increases, but cost of labor reduces, and eliminates part and draws branch, the expense of layer, and offset per mu of 80 yuan of cost of increase, economic effect
Beneficial notable.
More than to disclose the present invention by taking " Xia Dan " as an example, but and be not used to limit the present invention, technical solution of the present invention with
Sample can also be applied to close peach variety.
Finally it should be noted that：The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, the present invention is not limited to,
Although being described in detail to the present invention with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for a person skilled in the art, which still may be used
To modify to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or equivalent is carried out to which part technical characteristic.
All any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements that within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is made etc., should be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (3)
1. peach tree shaping method, it is characterised in that：The shaping methods include：The plant of peach tree strong sprout is selected, peach tree is done surely
The young sprout that Fructus Persicae bud sends afterwards is strapped on auxiliary frame side lever, continuous pinching 2-3 time, is operated continuously 2 years, peach tree molding after 2 years
Enter fruiting period；
The shaping methods are comprised the following steps：
（1）Select peach seedling
More than peach tree seedling height 1.0m, more than nursery stock rugosity 1.0cm, in shaping strip, sprout is full to enrich, well developed root system；
（2）Plant peach seedling
Sterilize before transplanted seedling tree, and more than the 12h that is soaked in water；
After in early spring, soil thaws or autumn plant, bottom applies decomposed manure；
Peach tree nursery stock takes plants, and is poured water after cultivation immediately；Covering with plastic film after watering 1-2 days；
High 40-60cm is done surely on the ground；
（3）Embedded auxiliary frame
While transplanted seedling tree, bury in the case where auxiliary frame is inserted simultaneously in nursery stock side, make auxiliary frame branching point bottom high apart from ground
0.4-0.8m；
（4）Treelet is shaped
After peach tree germination, when young sprout grows into 30-40cm, two of which is strapped in auxiliary frame side lever from the young sprout close to branching point
On, be progressively trained major branch i.e. skeleton branch later, bondage young sprout grows into 30-50cm and carries out pinching, when the two young sprouts again
When growing young sprout 30-40, then select the prosperous tip to continue bondage, then pinching, operate continuously 2 years, peach tree shaping after pruning through cultivation,
Enter fruiting period；
The auxiliary frame includes vertical rod（1）, vertical rod（1）Top be connected with two side levers（2）, two side levers（2）Upper set respectively
There are several equally distributed stop hooks（4）；
The vertical rod（1）Top be provided with several connecting holes（3）, side lever（2）With vertical rod（1）It is hinged；Described two side levers（2）
Be inclined upwardly setting, side lever（2）With vertical rod（1）Angle be 110 ° -140 °；
The vertical rod（1）Lower hinge have three support bars（5）, side lever（2）With vertical rod（1）It is detachably connected, support bar（5）
With vertical rod（1）It is detachably connected, stop hook（4）With side lever（2）Connection；
The vertical rod（1）Long 60-120cm, side lever（2）Long 10-100cm, adjacent stop hook（4）The distance between be 10-20cm.
2. shaping methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the plant peach seedling step, decomposed manure is
Chicken manure, soybean cake, consumption apply 1000-3000kg for mu.
3. shaping methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the plant peach seedling step, use before transplanted seedling tree
' K-84 ' actinomycetes are sterilized.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510090352.5A CN104663350B (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2014-01-24 | Peach tree shaping method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410034258.3A CN103733945B (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2014-01-24 | The shaping methods of a kind of peach |
| CN201510090352.5A CN104663350B (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2014-01-24 | Peach tree shaping method |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201410034258.3A Division CN103733945B (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2014-01-24 | The shaping methods of a kind of peach |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104663350A CN104663350A (en) | 2015-06-03 |
| CN104663350B true CN104663350B (en) | 2017-03-15 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105123396A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-12-09 | 界首市天润发家庭农场 | Peach tree cultivation method |
| CN105123398B (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2019-03-12 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of facility peach High-efficiency Sustainable production method |
| CN105815172A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2016-08-03 | 民勤县惠农生产资料有限公司 | Method for cultivating Hongshandeng nectarine |
| CN106508573B (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2019-12-13 | 利辛县众善医药科技有限公司 | Peach tree shaping method |
| CN109328719B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-09-04 | 湖北科技学院 | Vase tree shaping method |
| CN113950993A (en) * | 2021-10-30 | 2022-01-21 | 苏州筑园景观规划设计股份有限公司 | Y-shaped greening landscape auxiliary support for tree planting and manufacturing and planting method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US3323894A (en) * | 1966-11-14 | 1967-06-06 | Martin J Bukovac | Method of widening crotch angles of fruit trees |
| CN103238495B (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2015-02-04 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | Method for landscaping by peach tree |
| CN103430804B (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2015-02-04 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | Reshaping and cultivating method for peach tree with single trunk and two main branches |
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