CN104654952B - A kind of cursor type hole receiver ga(u)ge - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a vernier-type comprehensive gauge for holes, which comprises a gauge body with scale lines, a handle reference block, a vernier ruler and an aperture measuring mechanism arranged on the gauge body, and an inner slide with open ends is arranged on the handle reference block. cavity, the gauge body slides and fits in the inner sliding cavity, the gauge body is provided with a scale line in the axial direction, and a vernier insertion port communicating with the inner sliding cavity is also provided on the peripheral surface of the handle reference block, the vernier Embedded in the vernier insertion opening, the aperture measurement mechanism includes an aperture measurement main ruler, a pair of radial verniers and a pair of inner diameter clamping feet, and a radially through notch is provided between the two ends of the gauge body to measure the aperture. The main ruler is installed in the notch and exposed on both sides of the notch, the main ruler for aperture measurement is perpendicular to the axis of the gauge body, and the two radial verniers are respectively slidably connected to the main ruler for aperture measurement and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the axis of the gauge body. The invention can improve the measurement accuracy of the hole diameter and the hole depth, is convenient to use, and can obviously improve the working efficiency.

Description

A vernier type comprehensive gauge for holes

technical field

The invention relates to a measuring tool, more specifically, it relates to a vernier type integrated gauge for holes.

Background technique

There are two main measurement items for the machining holes of mechanical products: one is the hole diameter and the other is the hole depth. In order to ensure the measurement efficiency, the general hole diameter measurement is to use the limit gauge for detection. The data is not judged during the measurement, but only whether it is qualified or not; The measurement of hole depth is generally detected by general-purpose measuring tools, such as vernier depth calipers, and the read data can be accurate to 0.02mm. Now some inspection tool manufacturers have designed a comprehensive gauge that can detect whether the hole diameter and hole depth are qualified or not at the same time. However, when using this comprehensive gauge to detect the depth of the processed hole, the scale division value used for reading is 1mm. In the quality system standard TS16949, there are MSA measurement system analysis and implementation requirements, according to the principle of MSA10:1, the requirements for measuring equipment for the detection of product length and dimension elements are: the resolution of the measuring tool used is one-tenth of the tolerance width. Obviously, the resolution of the measuring tool of 1mm It cannot meet the control requirements of MSA on measuring and checking tools, which will affect the detection accuracy of the processing hole depth. In addition, the comprehensive gauge still adopts a qualitative but not quantitative measurement method in the measurement of the diameter of the processed hole. Not only is the detection result inaccurate, but it is necessary to replace the go-stop measuring head of different specifications when measuring the processed hole with different diameters, which makes the tool operation troublesome. The process takes a long time. And if the vernier caliper is used for measurement, although the inner measuring claw and the depth gauge on the vernier caliper have the functions of measuring the aperture and depth respectively, and the accuracy is sufficient, but when measuring these two items, the vernier caliper needs to be switched. It brings some inconvenience to the operation, and when the depth gauge is used to measure the hole depth, it cannot ensure a good fit with the processed holes of different specifications. It is ensured that the bottom of the depth gauge falls on the lowest point of the hole bottom cone surface every time, so the vernier caliper is precise. The accuracy is high, but because there is no reliable measurement and positioning method, it will also affect the accuracy of the measurement. To sum up, in the existing measuring tools, whether it is a special hole gauge or a general-purpose precision measuring tool, there are more or less defects of low measurement accuracy, troublesome operation, and low work efficiency. The utility model whose publication number is CN2037059U disclosed a comprehensive measuring caliper for aperture and hole spacing on May 3, 1989. It integrates a round hole gauge and a vernier caliper, and improves the measuring tools of their respective structures. The two purposes of checking whether the hole diameter meets the specified deviation requirements and accurately measuring the hole spacing can be achieved at the same time. The measuring caliper is composed of a main scale, a vernier, two measuring heads combined with a stop end, a clamp end and a through end, a fixing bolt, and a push-pull head. The measuring caliper is simple in operation, convenient in use, high in working efficiency, and has high accuracy of measured hole spacing, and is suitable for inspecting hole diameter and measuring hole spacing. However, this measuring caliper has no significant advantages in hole depth measurement.

Contents of the invention

Existing gauges for holes have low measurement accuracy, troublesome operation and low work efficiency. In order to overcome these defects, the present invention provides a vernier type comprehensive hole gauge with accurate measurement, convenient operation and high work efficiency.

The technical solution of the present invention is: a vernier type comprehensive gauge for holes, comprising a gauge body with scale lines, a handle reference block, a vernier ruler and an aperture measuring mechanism arranged on the gauge body, and the handle reference block is provided with open ends. The inner sliding cavity, the gauge body fits through the inner sliding cavity, the gauge body is provided with a scale line along the axial direction, and the vernier inserting opening connected with the inner sliding cavity is also provided on the peripheral surface of the handle reference block , the vernier ruler is embedded in the vernier ruler embedding port, the aperture measurement mechanism includes a main aperture measurement ruler, a pair of radial verniers and a pair of inner diameter clamping feet, and a radially through notch is arranged between the two ends of the gauge body The main ruler for aperture measurement is installed in the notch and exposed on both sides of the notch. The main ruler for aperture measurement is perpendicular to the axis of the gauge body. side. The gauge body can slide axially in the inner sliding cavity of the handle reference block. When measuring the depth of the processed hole, the handle reference block touches the hole, and the gauge body pushes and slides to the bottom of the hole. The scale on the gauge body matches the mark on the handle reference block. The vernier moves relative to each other and finally forms a certain scale line coincidence, which produces a similar reading effect between the main scale of the vernier caliper and the vernier. The division value on the vernier is set to be less than 1mm, so according to the reading principle of the vernier caliper, this comprehensive gauge More accurate hole depth measurements can be obtained. While measuring the depth of the hole, you can also move the radial cursor to drive the inner diameter clamping foot against the hole wall. The final stop position of the inner diameter clamping foot can be reflected by the final stop position of the radial cursor on the main ruler of the aperture measurement. At this time Still according to the reading principle of the vernier caliper, the precise reading is carried out through the cooperation of the aperture measuring main ruler and the radial vernier. Therefore, the vernier type comprehensive gauge for holes can be used to accurately measure the hole diameter and hole depth with the same tool posture, without changing the measuring parts, and without taking out the tool after completing a parameter test and using another part to test another parameter. , The measurement accuracy and measurement convenience are greatly improved.

As a preference, the two ends of the gauge body are solid structures, a radially through notch is provided between the two ends of the gauge body, the main ruler for measuring the aperture is fixed on the top of the notch, and a radially through gauge body is also provided on the gauge body and connected with the notch. A chute connected to the notch, the chute is arranged along the axial direction of the gauge body, a rod pin extending to the outside of the gauge body is slid in the chute, and a sliding diagonal strut is respectively provided on the two radial verniers, and two sliding diagonal struts are respectively provided. Equal length, one end of the sliding diagonal brace is hinged to the rod pin, and the other end is hinged to the radial cursor, and the two inner diameter clamping feet are fixedly connected to the two radial cursors and slidably embedded in the bottom of the notch. The two sliding diagonal struts form a triangle with the aperture measuring main scale, but since the sliding diagonal struts are connected to the aperture measuring main scale through a radial vernier, when a force parallel to the gauge body is applied at the joint of the two sliding diagonal struts, This force will make the two sliding diagonal struts close or expand, and then push the two radial cursors to move symmetrically relative to the gauge body. When the rod is opened, the inner diameter clamp moves with the radial cursor, and when the inner diameter clamp touches the hole wall, it stops the radial cursor in turn. The difference between the final stop position of the radial cursor and the initial position can reflect the machining hole. aperture. This structure is suitable for processing holes with a relatively shallow hole depth, and the inner diameter clamping foot is not too far from the radial vernier, which can be directly driven by the radial vernier.

As an alternative, the aperture measuring mechanism also includes a central sliding rod, an upper four-bar linkage group and a lower four-bar linkage group, a radially through notch is provided between the two ends of the gauge body, and the central sliding rod slides axially Connected to the gauge body, the upper four-bar linkage and the lower four-bar linkage are diamond-shaped four-bar linkages and the connecting rods of the upper four-bar linkage and the lower four-bar linkage are equal in length, and the upper four-bar linkage and the lower four-bar linkage are of equal length. The lower four-bar linkages are located on the upper and lower halves of the gauge body respectively, the top hinge points of the upper four-bar linkage and the lower four-bar linkage are located on the central slide bar, the upper four-bar linkage and the lower four-bar linkage The hinge points at the bottom of the group are all located on the inner wall of the notch, the aperture measuring main ruler is penetrated in the notch and the two ends of the aperture measuring main ruler are respectively hinged with the left and right hinge points of the upper four-bar linkage group, and the two radial verniers are slidingly connected to the aperture respectively. The measuring main ruler is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the axis of the gauge body, and the two radial verniers are respectively hinged with the left and right hinge points of the upper four-bar linkage group. The left or right hinge point of the four-bar group is hinged, the other end of the vertical bar is hinged with one end of the lower link, the other end of the lower link is hinged with the inner wall of the notch, the vertical bar, the lower link, the inner wall of the notch and the lower four links The connecting rods connected with the vertical rods in the rod group form a parallelogram four-bar linkage mechanism, the central sliding rod is exposed on the top of the gauge body, and a compression spring is arranged between the top of the central sliding rod and the gauge body. After the gauge body extends into the machining hole, press the central sliding rod, and the central sliding rod exerts pressure on the top hinge point of the lower four-bar linkage, so that the lower four-bar linkage compresses axially along the gauge body, expands radially, and pushes The vertical bar moves outward until the vertical bar touches the hole wall. At this time, the lower four-bar linkage is restrained by the hole wall and no longer deforms, and the central sliding bar is also blocked and no longer descends. Due to the size and size of the upper and lower four-bar linkages The shape is the same, so when the lower four-bar linkage is deformed, the upper four-bar linkage is also deformed under the drive of the central slide bar, and finally stays in the same stop state as the lower four-bar linkage. When the rod group radially expands, the two radial verniers move symmetrically opposite each other. When the radial vernier finally stops, the position of the radial vernier on the main aperture measurement scale can reflect the size of the aperture. , can accurately measure the aperture value. This structure is suitable for processing holes with a relatively deep hole depth, and the inner diameter clip is far away from the radial cursor, so it is not suitable to be directly driven by the radial cursor.

Preferably, an end cap is provided on the top of the central sliding rod, the radial dimension of the end cap is larger than that of the central sliding rod, and the two ends of the pressure spring abut against the bottom end of the end cap and the top end of the gauge body respectively. The arrangement of the end cap facilitates the connection of the compression spring between the central sliding rod and the gauge body, and also provides a force point for fingers to press the central sliding rod.

Preferably, the handle reference block is a cylinder, and the central angle of the vernier insertion opening on the peripheral surface of the handle reference block is 90° to 270°. The vernier insert with a central angle of 90° to 270° has a large observation range, which is convenient for accurate observation of the coincident scale of the gauge body and the vernier for accurate readings.

Preferably, the vernier scale is in the shape of an arc tile, and the outer peripheral surface of the gauge coincides with the inner concave surface of the vernier scale. The matching of the vernier ruler and the gauge body can make the vernier ruler and the gauge body as close as possible to reduce the reading error caused by the deviation of the observation position.

Preferably, the gauge body is provided with a guide groove, and the inner wall of the handle reference block is provided with a guide pin adapted to the guide groove, and the guide pin is inserted into the guide groove. Through the cooperation of the guide pin and the guide groove, the gauge body and the handle reference block can maintain a fixed relative position in the circumferential direction, and the gauge body will not rotate in the inner sliding cavity.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

Improve measurement accuracy. The present invention improves the structure of the existing comprehensive gauge for holes, applies the vernier reading principle that has been widely used in vernier measuring instruments to the comprehensive gauge for holes, and innovatively improves its depth measurement and reading device The problem of low division value gives it a new measurement accuracy.

Easy to use and improve work efficiency. When using the present invention, it is not necessary to change the attitude of the tool, change the measurement position, or even replace the measurement parts when measuring different parameters like the existing measuring tools. It is only necessary to insert the gauge body into the hole and perform corresponding operations to measure the aperture and The same tool can be used to measure the hole depth even if the hole diameter is larger than the diameter of the gauge body, which greatly improves the operation convenience and work efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cooperating structure of a gauge body, an aperture measuring main scale and a radial vernier in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a cooperating structure of the gauge body, the aperture measuring main ruler and the radial vernier in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a kind of longitudinal sectional structure schematic diagram of gauge body in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cooperative structure of the aperture measuring main scale and the radial vernier in the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a handle reference block in the present invention;

Fig. 7 is another kind of structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure after removing the handle reference block and the gauge body on the front of the aperture measuring main scale in the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure after removing the handle reference block and the gauge body on the back of the aperture measuring main ruler in the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a kind of structural representation of the cross-section of the middle part of the gauge body in the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a usage state of the present invention.

In the figure, 1-gauge body, 2-handle reference block, 3-vernier ruler, 4-inner sliding cavity, 5-vernier ruler insertion port, 6-aperture measuring main ruler, 7-radial vernier, 8-inner diameter card Foot, 9-notch, 10-sliding diagonal strut, 11-chute, 12-central sliding rod, 13-upper four-bar linkage, 14-lower four-bar linkage, 15-pressure spring, 16-guide groove , 17-taper tip, 18-sliding rod slot, 19-guide pin, 20-vertical rod, 21-lower connecting rod, 22-end cap, 23-processing hole, 24-limit bayonet pin, 25-limit bayonet groove .

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the specific embodiments of the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

As shown in Figures 1 to 6, a vernier-type comprehensive gauge for holes includes a gauge body 1 with scale marks, a handle reference block 2, a vernier ruler 3, and an aperture measuring mechanism arranged on the gauge body, on the gauge body 1 The division value of the scale is 1mm, and the division value on the vernier scale 3 is 0.02mm. The handle reference block 2 is a cylinder, and its outer diameter is 30 mm, which is larger than the aperture of a commonly used machining hole, so that it is convenient to support the handle reference block 2 at the orifice. The main body of the gauge body 1 is also a cylinder, the cross-sectional diameter of the gauge body 1 is 18 mm, the central angle of the vernier ruler embedded opening 5 on the peripheral surface of the handle reference block 2 is 90°, and the vernier ruler 3 is in the shape of an arc tile, The outer peripheral surface of the gauge body 1 coincides with the inner concave surface of the vernier ruler 3 . The handle reference block 2 is provided with a cylindrical inner sliding chamber 4 with both ends open, and the gauge body 1 is slid and penetrated in the inner sliding chamber 4. The gauge body 1 is provided with a guide groove 16, and the inner wall of the handle reference block 2 is There is a guide pin 19 penetrating through the inner and outer walls of the handle reference block 2 and adapted to the guide groove 16 , and the guide pin 19 is embedded in the guide groove 16 . The gauge body 1 is provided with scale marks along the axial direction, and the peripheral surface of the handle reference block 2 is also provided with a vernier insertion port 5 communicating with the inner sliding cavity 4, and the vernier ruler 3 is embedded in the vernier insertion port 5. The aperture measurement mechanism includes an aperture measurement main ruler 6, a pair of radial verniers 7 and a pair of inner diameter clamp feet 8, a radially through notch 9 is provided between the two ends of the gauge body 1, and the two inner walls of the notch 9 Parallel, the axis of the gauge body 1 is located at the center of the notch 9, the aperture measuring main ruler 6 is penetrated in the notch 9 and exposed on both sides of the notch 9, the aperture measuring main ruler 6 is perpendicular to the axis of the gauge body 1, and the two radial directions The verniers 7 are respectively slidably engaged with the aperture measuring main ruler 6 and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the axis of the gauge body 1 . The aperture measurement main ruler 6 is provided with a scale with a graduation value of 1 mm, and the radial vernier 7 is provided with a scale with a graduation value of 0.02 mm. The zero scale line of the aperture measurement main ruler 6 is just located on the axis of the gauge body 1. There are scales on the left and right sides of the zero scale line of the main ruler 6 for aperture measurement. The scale value on the right side of the zero scale line is marked as a positive number, and the scale value on the left side is marked as a negative number. The radial cursor 7 on the right side of the two radial cursors 7 The scale value of is marked as a positive number, and the scale value on the radial cursor 7 on the left is marked as a negative number. The two ends of the gauge body 1 are solid structures, and the center of the bottom end of the gauge body 1 is fixed with a cone point 17. When the lowest point of the cone point 17 is on the same plane as the bottom end surface of the handle reference block 2, the zero point between the handle reference block 2 and the vernier ruler 3 The tick marks coincide. The aperture measurement main ruler 6 is fixed on the top of the notch 9 through a square pin that vertically penetrates the inner wall of the notch 9 along the radial direction of the gauge body 1 and the surface of the aperture measurement main ruler 6 , and the gauge body 1 is also provided with a radially penetrating gauge body 1 and the chute 11 connected with the notch 9, the chute 11 is arranged along the axial direction of the gauge body 1, and a rod pin extending to the outside of the gauge body 1 is slid in the chute 11, and the rod pin is always located at the main ruler 6 for aperture measurement Between the gauge body 1, two radial verniers 7 are respectively provided with a sliding diagonal strut 10, the two sliding diagonal struts 10 are equal in length, one end of the sliding diagonal strut 10 is hinged to the rod pin, and the other end is hinged to the radial vernier. 7, the thickness of the sliding diagonal strut 10 is adapted to the width of the notch 9 grooves, and the aperture measurement main chi 6 has a gap with the notch 9 two sides inner walls respectively on both sides. Two inner-diameter clamp feet 8 are slidably embedded in the bottom of the notch 9. The inner-diameter clamp feet 8 are L-shaped steel sheets, including a straight connecting rod with a width of 5 mm connected to the radial vernier 7, and located at the bottom of the straight connecting rod. The horizontal foot perpendicular to the straight connecting rod and integrally formed. The horizontal foot is square, with a length and width of 9mm. The inner diameter clamp foot 8 and the radial cursor 7 are integrally formed and located at the bottom of the radial cursor 7. The inner side of the connecting rod and the inner side of the transverse foot are flush with the inner side of the radial cursor 7, and the position on the radial cursor 7 that is flush with the outer edge of the transverse foot of the inner diameter clamp foot 8 is marked as the zero scale of the radial cursor 7. When the two radial cursors When the inside of 7 is tight, the two inner diameter clamp feet 8 are also close together and the two inner diameter clamp feet 8 fit into the notch 9 as a whole. At this time, the zero scale of the radial vernier 7 coincides with the 9mm scale line on the main ruler 6 for aperture measurement. .

When using this vernier-type comprehensive gauge for holes to measure the diameter and depth of the processed hole, first push the rod pins of the hinged part of the two sliding diagonal struts 10 toward the top of the gauge body 1, so that the two sliding diagonal struts 10 are folded, and the two radial The vernier 7 and the two inner diameter clips 8 are close together, insert the bottom of the gauge body 1 into the processing hole to be measured, and then lift the gauge body 1 up a little distance after touching the bottom to ensure that the horizontal foot of the inner diameter clip 8 is in the hole as a whole In this way, the horizontal foot of the inner diameter clamping foot 8 can not be constrained by the cavity at the bottom of the inner sliding cavity 4, and the rod pins of the hinges of the two sliding diagonal struts 10 are pressed down slightly, so that the two inner diameter clamping feet 8 are expanded outwards against the inner wall of the processing hole , the handle reference block 2 can be rotated at several angles, and the strength of the pressure rod pin can be controlled based on the feeling of slight rotation resistance. Press against the periphery of the machining hole, and under the joint restriction of the bottom end surface of the handle reference block 2 and the inner diameter clamping foot 8, it can ensure that the gauge body 1 is centered with the machining hole, and then slowly push out the gauge body 1 until it touches the bottom, that is, the tip of the cone 17 reaches the center of the bottom cone surface of the processing hole. At this time, the hole depth value of the processing hole can be read through the cooperation of the handle reference block 2 and the vernier ruler 3, and the cooperation of the main ruler 6 and the radial vernier 7 can be used to measure the aperture. Read the radius value of the processed hole, and then know the diameter of the processed hole. Use this vernier type comprehensive gauge for holes to measure the diameter and depth of processed holes with a diameter of 18mm to 26mm.

Example 2:

As shown in FIGS. 7 to 11 , the cross-sectional diameter of the gauge body 1 is 14 mm. The central angle of the vernier ruler insertion opening 5 on the peripheral surface of the handle reference block 2 is 180°. The aperture measurement mechanism also includes a central sliding rod 12, an upper four-bar linkage 13 and a lower four-bar linkage 14, and a radially penetrating notch 9 is provided between the two ends of the gauge body 1, and the notch 9 does not pass through. At both ends of the gauge body 1, a sliding rod slot 18 is provided on the inner wall of the notch 9 along the axial direction of the gauge body 1. The sliding rod slot 18 runs through the top of the gauge body 1. The cross section of the sliding rod slot 18 is square. The cross section of the central sliding rod 12 is also square, and the central sliding rod 12 is adapted to slide and be arranged in the sliding rod slot 18 to realize the sliding connection with the gauge body 1, and the side of the central sliding rod 12 facing the notch 9 is just in contact with the sliding rod. The inner wall of the notch 9 where the embedding groove 18 is located is flush. Upper four-bar linkage 13 and lower four-bar linkage 14 are diamond-shaped four-bar linkages and each connecting rod of upper four-bar linkage 13 and lower four-bar linkage 14 is equal in length, and upper four-bar linkage 13 and lower The four-bar linkages 14 are located at the upper half and the lower half of the gauge body 1 respectively, and the top hinge points of the upper four-bar linkages 13 and the lower four-bar linkages 14 are all located on the central slide bar 12. The protruding pin on the 12 realizes the hinge, the bottom hinge points of the upper four-bar linkage 13 and the lower four-bar linkage 14 are all located on the inner wall of the notch 9, through the protrusions on the inner wall of the notch opposite to the central slide bar 12 Pin shaft realizes hinge. The aperture measuring main ruler 6 is installed in the notch 9 and fixed with the inner wall of the notch 9 by a square pin, and the two radial verniers 7 are respectively slidably socketed on the aperture measuring main ruler 6 and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the axis of the gauge body 1 , and the two radial verniers 7 are respectively hinged with the left and right hinge points of the upper four-bar linkage group 13, the inner diameter clip 8 includes a vertical rod 20 and a lower connecting rod 21, and one end of the vertical rod 20 is connected to the left or right side of the lower four-bar linkage group 14. The right hinge point is hinged, the other end of the vertical bar 20 is hinged with one end of the lower link 21, the other end of the lower link 21 is hinged with the inner wall of the notch 9, the vertical bar 20, the lower link 21, the inner wall of the notch 9 and the lower four links The connecting rods connected to the vertical rods 20 in the rod group 14 form a parallelogram four-bar linkage mechanism. The central sliding rod 12 is exposed on the top of the gauge body 1 , and a compression spring 15 is arranged between the top of the central sliding rod 12 and the gauge body 1 . The top end of the central sliding rod 12 is interference-fitted with an end cap 22, the radial dimension of the end cap 22 is larger than the radial dimension of the central sliding rod 12, and the two ends of the compression spring 15 respectively abut against the bottom end of the end cap 22 and the gauge body 1 top. The near edge of the end cap 22 is fixed with an L-shaped limit bayonet 24, and the inner wall of the notch 9 where the slide rod socket 18 is located is also provided with a limit socket 25 parallel to the slide rod socket 18 and closed at both ends. , the lateral protruding part of the limit bayonet 24 is stuck in the limit bayonet groove 25, and the limit bayonet pin 24 can slide in the limit bayonet groove 25. When the compression spring 15 is in a naturally stretched state, the upper four-link group 13 and the lower four-link The angle between the two adjacent connecting rods on the top of the rod group 14 is 60°, and the angle between the two adjacent connecting rods on the side is 120°. , and the vertical bar of the inner diameter clamp foot 8 can just completely hide in the notch 9, the laterally extending part of the limit clamp pin 24 is just on the top of the limit clamp groove 25, and the two radial cursors 7 are at the origin, and the two radial cursors are at the origin. The zero scale line of the vernier 7 coincides with the positive and negative 7mm scale lines of the aperture measuring main scale 6 respectively. All the other are with embodiment 1.

When using this vernier-type comprehensive gauge for holes to measure the diameter and depth of the machining hole, the gauge body 1 extends into the machining hole 23 to an appropriate depth to ensure that the bottom cavity of the inner sliding cavity 4 will not hinder the lower four-bar linkage group 14 and the inner diameter. The lateral expansion of the clamping foot 8, press the central sliding rod 12, and the central sliding rod 12 exerts pressure on the top hinge point of the lower four-bar linkage group 14, so that the lower four-bar linkage group 14 is axially compressed along the gauge body 1, and the radial direction is compressed. Then expand outward, promote the vertical bar of inner diameter clip 8 to move outward, until the vertical bar touches the hole wall, at this moment, the lower four-bar linkage group 14 is no longer deformed by the constraint of the hole wall, and the central slide bar 12 is also hindered and no longer descends. The handle reference block 2 can be rotated at several angles, and the strength of the pressure rod pin can be controlled based on the feeling of slight rotation resistance. At the same time, the inner diameter clamping foot 8 can be opened to the maximum extent in the hole by rotation, and the bottom end surface of the handle reference block 2 can be pushed against. Tighten around the orifice of the machining hole, under the joint restriction of the bottom end surface of the handle reference block 2 and the inner diameter clamping foot 8, it can ensure that the gauge body 1 is centered with the machining hole, and then slowly push out the gauge body 1 until it touches the bottom, at this time through the handle The cooperation of the reference block 2 and the vernier ruler 3 can read the hole depth value of the processed hole. Since the upper four-link group 13 and the lower four-link group 14 have the same size and shape, when the lower four-link group 14 is deformed, the upper four-link group 13 also undergoes the same deformation under the drive of the central slide bar, and Finally stay in the same stopping state as the lower four-bar linkage group 14. When the upper four-bar linkage group 13 radially expands, the two radial verniers 7 move symmetrically opposite each other. The position on the 6 just can reflect the size of the aperture, and at this moment, the radius value of the processed hole can be accurately read out by the cooperation reading of the radial vernier 7 and the aperture measuring main scale 6.

Example 3:

The central angle of the vernier ruler insertion port 5 on the peripheral surface of the handle reference block 2 is 270°. All the other are with embodiment 1.

Claims (6)

1. A vernier type comprehensive gauge for holes, which is characterized in that it includes a gauge body (1) with scale marks, a handle reference block (2), a vernier ruler (3) and an aperture measuring mechanism arranged on the gauge body, and the handle reference The block (2) is provided with an inner sliding cavity (4) with both ends open, and the gauge body (1) slides and fits through the inner sliding cavity (4), and the gauge body (1) is provided with a scale along the axial direction line, the peripheral surface of the handle reference block (2) is also provided with a vernier insertion port (5) communicating with the inner sliding cavity (4), and the vernier ruler (3) is embedded in the vernier insertion port (5). The aperture measuring mechanism includes an aperture measuring main ruler (6), a pair of radial verniers (7) and a pair of inner diameter clamping feet (8), and a radial through notch is provided between the two ends of the gauge body (1) (9), the aperture measuring main ruler (6) is installed in the notch (9) and exposed on both sides of the notch (9), the aperture measuring main ruler (6) is perpendicular to the axis of the gauge body (1), and the two radial directions The verniers (7) are slidingly connected to the main aperture measuring ruler (6) and are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the axis of the gauge body (1). The two ends of the gauge body (1) are solid structures, and the aperture measuring main ruler (6) is fixed On the top of the notch (9), the gauge body (1) is also provided with a chute (11) radially penetrating the gauge body (1) and communicating with the notch (9). The chute (11) runs along the gauge body (1). ), a rod pin extending to the outside of the gauge body (1) is slid inside the chute (11), and a sliding oblique strut (10) is respectively provided on the two radial verniers (7), and the two sliding oblique The struts (10) are of equal length, one end of the sliding diagonal strut (10) is hinged to the rod pin, the other end is hinged to the radial vernier (7), and the two inner diameter clips (8) are fixedly connected to the two radial verniers (7) Fittingly slide into the bottom of the notch (9). 2. The vernier type comprehensive gauge for holes according to claim 1, characterized in that the aperture measuring mechanism also includes a central sliding rod (12), an upper four-bar linkage (13) and a lower four-bar linkage ( 14), the central sliding rod (12) is axially slidably connected to the gauge body (1), the upper four-bar linkage (13) and the lower four-bar linkage (14) are diamond-shaped four-bar linkages and the upper four-link The connecting rods of the rod group (13) and the lower four-bar group (14) are equal in length, and the upper four-bar group (13) and the lower four-bar group (14) are respectively located at the upper half of the gauge body (1) and In the lower half, the top hinge points of the upper four-bar linkage (13) and the lower four-bar linkage (14) are located on the central sliding rod (12), and the upper four-bar linkage (13) and the lower four-bar linkage ( 14) The bottom hinge points are all located on the inner wall of the notch (9), the aperture measuring main ruler (6) is penetrated in the notch (9), and the two ends of the aperture measuring main ruler (6) are respectively connected to the upper four-bar linkage group ( 13) The left and right hinge points are hinged, and the two radial verniers (7) are respectively slidably connected to the aperture measuring main scale (6) and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the axis of the gauge body (1), and the two radial verniers (7) are respectively Hinged with the left and right hinge points of the upper four-bar linkage group (13), the inner diameter clip (8) includes a vertical rod and a lower link, and one end of the vertical rod is hinged with the left or right hinge point of the lower four-bar linkage group (14), The other end of the vertical rod is hinged with one end of the lower connecting rod, and the other end of the lower connecting rod is hinged with the inner wall of the notch (9). The connecting rods connected with the vertical rods form a parallelogram four-bar linkage mechanism, the central sliding rod (12) is exposed on the top of the gauge body (1), and a compression spring is arranged between the top of the central sliding rod (12) and the gauge body (1) (15). 3. The vernier type comprehensive gauge for holes according to claim 2, characterized in that the top end of the central sliding rod (12) is provided with an end cap, and the radial dimension of the end cap is larger than the radial dimension of the central sliding rod (12), The two ends of the compression spring (15) abut against the bottom end of the end cap and the top end of the gauge body (1) respectively. 4. The vernier-type comprehensive gauge for holes according to claim 1, characterized in that the handle reference block (2) is a cylinder, and the center angle of the vernier ruler embedded opening (5) on the peripheral surface of the handle reference block (2) 90° to 270°. 5. The vernier-type comprehensive gauge for holes according to claim 1, characterized in that the vernier ruler (3) is in the shape of an arc tile, and the outer peripheral surface of the gauge body (1) coincides with the inner concave surface of the vernier ruler (3). 6. The vernier type comprehensive gauge for holes according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the gauge body (1) is provided with a guide groove (16), and the inner wall of the handle reference block (2) is provided with a The guide pin adapted to the guide groove (16), the guide pin is embedded in the guide groove (16).