CN104654280A - Hearth structure capable of realizing low-nitrogen burning and burning control method - Google Patents
Hearth structure capable of realizing low-nitrogen burning and burning control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104654280A CN104654280A CN201510065151.XA CN201510065151A CN104654280A CN 104654280 A CN104654280 A CN 104654280A CN 201510065151 A CN201510065151 A CN 201510065151A CN 104654280 A CN104654280 A CN 104654280A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hearth structure capable of realizing low-nitrogen burning and a burning control method. The hearth is of U-shaped structure and comprises a flame inlet and a flame outlet which are formed in the hearth, the flame inlet is positioned on the center location of the upper side of the opening side of the hearth, and the flame inlet is provided with a burner; the flame outlet and the flame inlet are synchronously positioned on the opening end of the hearth, the bottom of the hearth is provided with a rotary air outlet, and the rotary air outlet provides rotary air which takes the axis of the hearth as a centre. According to the hearth structure, a two-way return-trace burning and long-distance multiple-air-distribution hearth structure and a burning control method are adopted, the contradiction between nitrogen discharge and the fuel burn-off rate is solved during the fuel burning process of an existing hearth structure, the fuel burn-off rate is ensured, and the nitrogen discharge is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of combustion equipment such as boiler, kiln, particularly, relate to one and be applicable to liquid, gas and coal dust class dusty fuel, chamber structure and the method for controlling combustion of fuel low nitrogen burning can be realized.
Background technology
No matter be boiler or various kiln, the burning of fuel substantially all completes in burner hearth.Traditional industry boiler (or kiln) is in order to ensure the burn-off rate of fuel, and fuel is lighted after the synchronous air distribution of burner, and burns under high-temperature oxygen-enriched environment, result in a large amount of generations of nitrogen oxide.Because a lot of boiler, kiln all do not have tail gas to remove NOx facility, result in day by day serious haze environment.
Although the large coal powder boiler in power station, adopts dense-dilute burner combustion technology usually, to reduce the generation of nitrogen oxide, for very large burner hearth, because the interval of concentrated phase and light phase is too little, actual effect is not often fine; Simultaneously in order to prevent CO from corroding water-cooling wall, not allowing the CO concentration in burner hearth too high in combustion process, being therefore difficult in burner hearth form stronger reduction of nitrogen oxide atmosphere, causing the burden of tail gas denitration and cost all higher.
Nitrogen discharged in order to what reduce in fuel combustion process, some traditional combustion equipment take the control measure reducing flame temperature usually, result in so again the decline of fuel burn-off rate and the reduction of the thermal efficiency, and the new problem such as flame holding variation.In addition, a lot of pulverized-coal fired boiler load drops to 40% and will drop into oil gun and surely fire, and causes cost significantly to improve.In sum, flame forward burns, traditional burner hearth combustion system of synchronous air distribution, can not provide strong NOx reduction atmosphere, therefore significantly can not reduce NOx at the combustion phases of fuel; A lot of large coal powder boiler, when underrun, all also exists the problems such as the high cost produced because oil spout is surely fired.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of chamber structure and the method for controlling combustion that adopt flyback burning, repeatedly air distribution, solve in existing chamber structure fuel combustion process, the contradiction existed between nitrogen discharged and fuel burn-off rate, can while guarantee fuel burn-off rate, that reduces in fuel combustion process is nitrogen discharged.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, present invention employs a kind of chamber structure realizing low nitrogen burning, described burner hearth is U-shaped structure, comprise and be arranged on flame inlet on burner hearth and flame export, described flame inlet is positioned at the center above burner hearth open side, and described flame inlet place is provided with burner, and described flame export and flame inlet exist together the openend of burner hearth, described burner hearth bottom is provided with rotary wind outlet, and described rotary wind outlet provides the rotary wind centered by burner hearth axis.
Further, described flame export is positioned at the neighboring area of inboard wall of burner hearth outer.
Further, be provided with burnout degree between described flame inlet and flame export to export.
Further, described inboard wall of burner hearth is the polygon of tubular or similar circle, is sphere or plane bottom it.
Further, described burner hearth adopts vertical, horizontal, inversion type or tilting structure.
Additionally provide a kind of method for controlling combustion in the present invention, comprise,
1) burner is lighted after being mixed with portion of air by fuel, is formed and sprays into burner hearth and the elongated center flame of oxygen debt burning;
2) when described flame of centre arrives burner hearth bottom, with rotary wind export the rotary wind sprayed converge rear formation along inboard wall of burner hearth and with the spiral outer shroud flame of flame of centre reverse movement;
3), before described outer shroud flame arrives flame export, export with described burnout degree the after-flame wind facies sprayed and mix, after the Thorough combustion realizing burner hearth fuel, high-temperature flue gas discharges burner hearth from flame export.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has:
1) inside and outside in burner hearth, the combustion system of flame reverse movement, adds the fuel redox reaction time in high temperature environments, can significantly improve the burn-off rate of fuel.Meanwhile, the high temperature flame envelope of backflow improves the high-temperature field of flame inlet greatly, therefore has good steady combustion effect during underrun, thus greatly saves the steady fuel consumption use of oil spout required when coal dust class boiler at low load runs.
2) adopt the mode of the long distance of different combustion phases repeatedly air distribution, at burning initial stage significantly reducing NOx, can reduce in the burning middle and later periods generation that flame temperature reduces high temperature modification NOx, thus achieve the not only energy-conservation but also general objective of environmental protection.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is chamber structure schematic diagram of the present invention and the combustion process schematic diagram of fuel in burner hearth.
In figure: 1, burner hearth, 2, flame inlet, 3, flame export, 4, burner, 5, rotary wind outlet, 6, burnout degree outlet, 7, flame of centre, 8, outer shroud flame.
Detailed description of the invention
Boiler and the nitrogen discharged of kiln are all that fuel produces in the process of burner hearth combustion, if realize the low nitrogen burning of burner hearth fuel, just greatly can alleviate burden and the cost of tail gas denitration.Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1, be described in detail as follows to concrete structure of the present invention, feature:
The chamber structure of the realized low nitrogen burning shown in Fig. 1, described burner hearth is U-shaped structure, comprise and be arranged on flame inlet on burner hearth and flame export, described flame inlet is positioned at the center above burner hearth open side, described flame inlet place is provided with burner, described flame export and flame inlet exist together the openend of burner hearth, described flame export is positioned at the neighboring area of inboard wall of burner hearth outer, described burner hearth bottom is provided with rotary wind outlet, and described rotary wind outlet provides the rotary wind centered by burner hearth axis.Burnout degree outlet is also provided with between described flame inlet and flame export.
In the present invention, described inboard wall of burner hearth is the polygon of tubular or similar circle, and described burner hearth bottom is sphere or plane.
In the present invention, described burner hearth adopts vertical, horizontal, inversion type or tilting structure.
Additionally provide a kind of method for controlling combustion in the present invention, comprise,
1) burner is lighted after being mixed with portion of air by fuel, is formed and sprays into burner hearth and the elongated center flame of oxygen debt burning;
2) when described flame of centre arrives burner hearth bottom, with rotary wind export the rotary wind sprayed converge rear formation along inboard wall of burner hearth and with the spiral outer shroud flame of flame of centre reverse movement;
3), before described outer shroud flame arrives flame export, export with described burnout degree the after-flame wind facies sprayed and mix, after the Thorough combustion realizing burner hearth fuel, high-temperature flue gas discharges burner hearth from flame export.
In the present invention in the combustion process of fuel in burner hearth, flame and outer shroud flame centered by flame separate, and flame of centre and outer shroud flame reverse movement each other, add fuel run duration in high temperature environments, make fuel can abundant after-flame, and the steady fuel efficiency fruit of underload flame can be improved; Adopt the furnace flame combustion system of long distance repeatedly air distribution simultaneously, effectively can reduce the NOx of fuel type, and suppress the generation of high temperature modification and Quick-type NOx.
In the present invention fuel burner hearth combustion whole process as shown in Figure 1, its combustion control processes and principle specifically describe as follows:
1, burner is lighted after being mixed with portion of air by fuel, and sprays to burner hearth bottom with elongated oxygen debt burned flame form, due to the severe depletion of oxygen of initial stage long distance of burning, defines the extremely strong reduction atmosphere of fuel NO;
2, converge with rotation wind facies when flame arrives burner hearth bottom, under rotation wind action, form the outer shroud flame returned along inboard wall of burner hearth spiral, because inboard wall of burner hearth can absorb flame radiation heat in a large number, thus reduce the temperature of outer shroud flame, effectively can reduce the generation of high temperature modification and prompt NO;
3, flame is reverse when turning back to flame export, then is equipped with burnout degree and exports the burnout degree provided, and can guarantee the Thorough combustion of fuel, improve the burn-off rate of fuel further.
As mentioned above, because there are enough travel distances and redox reaction time in fuel high-temperature region in burner hearth, therefore can when lower coefficient of excess air abundant after-flame; The repeatedly air distribution of the different combustion phases of logical long-distance, thus drastically reduce the area nitrogen discharged; Flame due to backflow of turning back significantly enhances the environment temperature of burner hearth entrance, effectively improves steady fuel efficiency fruit during underload, is also conducive to balanced in-furnace temperature and improves the thermal efficiency.Therefore, chamber structure of the present invention and method for controlling combustion, the insurmountable thermal efficiency of traditional burner hearth and nitrogen discharged contradiction are not only dissolved, the not only energy-conservation but also target of environmental protection can be realized, significantly improve the load regulation rate of combustion system simultaneously, significantly alleviate oil spout expense during burden and the low-load combustion-stabilizing of tail gas denitration.
Last it is noted that
1, the repeatedly air distribution mode adopted in combustion process of the present invention; not only be confined to time air distribution form of 3 described in above-described embodiment; the combustion process Shi Yi center internal flame of all burner hearth fuels and outer shroud flame reverse movement; and the combustion system of long distance repeatedly air distribution, all should within protection of the present invention.
2, accompanying drawing 1 of the present invention only denotes the partial structurtes of boiler internal burner hearth, and flame repeatedly grows the combustion system of distance air distribution in burner hearth, and the water pipe of burner hearth outside (or fire tube) and flue affiliated facility etc. can be any version.
3, description of the present invention and accompanying drawing are considered to illustrative and nonrestrictive, and on the basis of technical scheme disclosed by the invention, some replacements made and distortion also all should within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. one kind can realize the chamber structure of low nitrogen burning, it is characterized in that, described burner hearth is U-shaped structure, comprise and be arranged on flame inlet on burner hearth and flame export, described flame inlet is positioned at the center above burner hearth open side, and described flame inlet place is provided with burner, and described flame export and flame inlet exist together the openend of burner hearth, described burner hearth bottom is provided with rotary wind outlet, and described rotary wind outlet provides the rotary wind centered by burner hearth axis.
2. chamber structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described flame export is positioned at the neighboring area of inboard wall of burner hearth outer.
3. chamber structure according to claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: be provided with burnout degree outlet between described flame inlet and flame export.
4. chamber structure according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described inboard wall of burner hearth is the polygon of tubular or similar circle, is sphere or plane bottom it.
5. chamber structure according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described burner hearth is vertical, horizontal, inversion type or tilting structure.
6. adopt the method for controlling combustion of chamber structure according to any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: comprise,
1) burner is lighted after being mixed with portion of air by fuel, is formed and sprays in burner hearth and the elongated center flame of oxygen debt burning;
2) when described flame of centre arrives burner hearth bottom, with rotary wind export the rotary wind sprayed converge rear formation along inboard wall of burner hearth and with the spiral outer shroud flame of flame of centre reverse movement;
3), before described outer shroud flame arrives flame export, export with described burnout degree the after-flame wind facies sprayed and mix, after the Thorough combustion realizing burner hearth fuel, high-temperature flue gas discharges burner hearth from flame export.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510065151.XA CN104654280A (en) | 2015-02-09 | 2015-02-09 | Hearth structure capable of realizing low-nitrogen burning and burning control method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510065151.XA CN104654280A (en) | 2015-02-09 | 2015-02-09 | Hearth structure capable of realizing low-nitrogen burning and burning control method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109253447A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2019-01-22 | 北京巴布科克·威尔科克斯有限公司 | The low nitrogen pulverized-coal fired boiler of U-shaped flame |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102777894A (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2012-11-14 | 李延新 | Reverse powder injection combustor |
| US20130101947A1 (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2013-04-25 | Keisuke Mori | Tubular burner |
| CN204494375U (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-07-22 | 怀来蒂吉博纳科技有限公司 | A kind of chamber structure realizing low nitrogen burning |
-
2015
- 2015-02-09 CN CN201510065151.XA patent/CN104654280A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20130101947A1 (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2013-04-25 | Keisuke Mori | Tubular burner |
| CN102777894A (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2012-11-14 | 李延新 | Reverse powder injection combustor |
| CN204494375U (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-07-22 | 怀来蒂吉博纳科技有限公司 | A kind of chamber structure realizing low nitrogen burning |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109253447A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2019-01-22 | 北京巴布科克·威尔科克斯有限公司 | The low nitrogen pulverized-coal fired boiler of U-shaped flame |
| CN109253447B (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2024-01-30 | 北京巴布科克·威尔科克斯有限公司 | U-shaped flame low-nitrogen pulverized coal boiler |
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Application publication date: 20150527 |