CN104641891A

CN104641891A - Straw covering and no-tillage cultivation method of potatoes

Info

Publication number: CN104641891A
Application number: CN201510038397.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁树钦
Original assignee: 梁树钦
Priority date: 2015-01-26
Filing date: 2015-01-26
Publication date: 2015-05-27

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of potato cultivation, in particular to a straw covering and no-tillage cultivation method of potatoes. The method comprises the following steps of (1) selecting a no-tillage paddy field as a potato planting field, and ditching the field and bedding; (2) selecting seed potatoes, sterilizing the seed potatoes, cutting the seed potatoes into blocks, dressing seed and performing bud forcing treatment; (3) during seeding, placing potato bud eyes downwards or laterally to be closed to the ground, placing the potato buds on dry bedding surfaces, covering the bedding surfaces with straws, wherein the thickness of the straw layer is 8 to 10cm, and uniformly covering the bedding surfaces to the sides of the field; (4) applying a high-quality decaying manure or compost nearby the seed potatoes; (5) performing field management, after seed potato seedlings are completely grown, applying thin human fecaluria or biogas slurry to the seed potatoes, and during a growing period, properly adding a fertilizer to the seedlings according to the status of the seedlings to promote growth, or spraying paclobutrazol to control the seedlings, keeping the field wet, and paying attention to prevention and control of diseases and insects; (6) harvesting at proper time. The traditional potato seeding method is changed into a potato placing method, the traditional potato digging method is changed into a potato picking method, potato blocks are not damaged, and the potatoes are fresh and tender in color and good in commodity.

Description

A kind of rice straw for potato no-tillage with straw mulch cultivation method

Technical field

The present invention relates to potato culture field, particularly a kind of rice straw for potato no-tillage with straw mulch cultivation method.

Background technology

Potato is also known as potato, potato, potato, potato etc.Potato tubers contains the protein of about 2%, and during potato is dry, protein content is 8% ~ 9%.The protein nutritive value of potato is very high, and its quality is equivalent to the protein of egg, and easily digestion, absorption, be better than the protein of other crops.And the protein of potato contains 18 seed amino acids, comprise the various essential amino acids that human body can not synthesize.The nutritive value of high evaluation potato is that the existence containing the lysine of high-grade protein and essential amino acid, tryptophan, histidine, arginine, phenyl alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine and methionine with its stem tuber is undivided.

Potato raw long period is short, strong adaptability, per unit area yield are high, stem tuber is nutritious, of many uses, be the fourth-largest cereal crops being only second to paddy and wheat, corn in the world.The traditional cultivation method of potato broadcasts front soil deeptillage, smooth again, applies base fertilizer simultaneously; Then ditched furrow, dig bunch planting kind potato, then earthing lid kind, growth and knot potato environment in order to improve potato in process of growth also will carry out 2 ~ 3 cultivation and bankings; Also soil to be opened when gathering, digging potato one by one.The shortcoming of this cultivation method is that potato ties potato in soil, the extruding of earth is subject to when stem tuber expands, be unfavorable for expanding of stem tuber, the resistance suffered when non-sandy loam is larger, general knot potato is smaller, and big-and-middle potato rate is low, and this implantation methods trivial operations, labour intensity is large, effort of taking a lot of work.The no-tillage cultivation method of potato potato, is the new cultivation method of potato, can greatly overcomes above-mentioned deficiency.

Summary of the invention

Goal of the invention of the present invention is: for above-mentioned technical problem, provides a kind of rice straw for potato no-tillage with straw mulch cultivation method.

Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of rice straw for potato no-tillage with straw mulch cultivation method, comprises the following steps,

(1) select zero-tillage rice field as potato planting ground, ditch into furrow;

(2) choose seed potato and potato seed is carried out disinfection, stripping and slicing, seed dressing and vernalization process;

(3) during sowing, potato seed eye downwards or side direction ground proximity, lies in furrow face, then covers 8-10cm thickness straw, cover evenly to limit;

(4) high-quality well-rotted farmyard manure or composite fertilizer are discharged in seed potato side;

(5) field management, after potato seedling all sprouts, waters with thin night soil or natural pond liquid and executes; Growing period suitably to topdress growth promoting effects or spray paclobutrazol control seedling according to the growth of cereal crop seedlings; Keep field moistening, attention control damage by disease and insect

(6) gather in the crops in good time.

Preferably, after ditching into furrow, to the fertilising of furrow face, potato seed be placed on face, field, downwards or side direction ground proximity, with fine earth lid kind and fertilizer, blinding thickness is 3-5cm to eye, equably by kind, fertilizer builds, and then covers thin straw.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1. the present invention becomes traditional potato seed into putting potato, becoming and dig potato into picking potato, and potato block is not damaged, and color and luster is fresh and tender, and commodity is good.

2. the present invention does not need intertillage to loosen the soil, if there are weeds slightly manually to pull out substantially after planting.

Embodiment

The invention discloses a kind of rice straw for potato no-tillage with straw mulch cultivation method, comprise the following steps,

(6) gather in the crops in good time.

Here the present invention becomes traditional potato seed into putting potato, becoming and dig potato into picking potato, and potato block is not damaged, and color and luster is fresh and tender, and commodity is good.Substantially intertillage is not needed to loosen the soil, if there are weeds slightly manually to pull out after the present invention plants.

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is specifically described.

Embodiment 1: trench digging bedding, furrow are wide by 1, furrow width 0.30m, ditch depth 0.25m, and ridge surrounding open loop ditch, is convenient to draining.At furrow face basal dressing, base manure is executed down as well with disposable, every 667m ²execute sulfur-bearing composite fertilizer 75kg, and execute decomposed manure 1000kg.By trench digging to furrow face earthing, chemical fertilizer is avoided directly to contact and rotten potato potato seed.Choose seed potato and potato seed is carried out disinfection, stripping and slicing, seed dressing and vernalization process.Wherein, medicinal vernalization medicament is gibberellin, and concentration is because of kind, stripping and slicing and whole potato, potato seed dormancy degree and different, and stripping and slicing soaks 10min with 0.5mg/kg gibberellin, and whole potato 10mg/kg concentration soaks 10min, sows after pulling airing out.During sowing, potato seed eye downwards or side direction ground proximity, lies in furrow face, then cover 8-cm thickness straw, cover evenly to limit.Here it is understood that furrow face basal dressing can be discharge high-quality well-rotted farmyard manure or composite fertilizer on seed potato side.Back to back, field management, after potato seedling all sprouts, waters with thin night soil or natural pond liquid and executes; Growing period suitably to topdress growth promoting effects or spray paclobutrazol control seedling according to the growth of cereal crop seedlings; Keep field moistening, attention control damage by disease and insect.Finally, gather in the crops in good time.

Embodiment 2: trench digging bedding, furrow are wide by 1, furrow width 0.30m, ditch depth 0.25m, and ridge surrounding open loop ditch, is convenient to draining.At furrow face basal dressing, base manure is executed down as well with disposable, every 667m ²execute sulfur-bearing composite fertilizer 75kg, and execute decomposed manure 1000kg.By trench digging to furrow face earthing, chemical fertilizer is avoided directly to contact and rotten potato potato seed.Choose seed potato and potato seed is carried out disinfection, stripping and slicing, seed dressing and vernalization process.Wherein, medicinal vernalization medicament is gibberellin, and concentration is because of kind, stripping and slicing and whole potato, potato seed dormancy degree and different, and stripping and slicing soaks 10min with 1mg/kg gibberellin, and whole potato 20mg/kg concentration soaks 20min, sows after pulling airing out.During sowing, potato seed eye downwards or side direction ground proximity, lies in furrow face, then cover 10cm thickness straw, cover evenly to limit.Here it is understood that furrow face basal dressing can be discharge high-quality well-rotted farmyard manure or composite fertilizer on seed potato side.Back to back, field management, after potato seedling all sprouts, waters with thin night soil or natural pond liquid and executes; Growing period suitably to topdress growth promoting effects or spray paclobutrazol control seedling according to the growth of cereal crop seedlings; Keep field moistening, attention control damage by disease and insect.Finally, gather in the crops in good time.

Claims

1. a rice straw for potato no-tillage with straw mulch cultivation method, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps,

(6) gather in the crops in good time.

2. a kind of rice straw for potato no-tillage with straw mulch cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: after ditching into furrow, applied fertilizer in furrow face, potato seed is placed on face, field, downwards or side direction ground proximity, with fine earth lid kind and fertilizer, blinding thickness is 3-5cm to eye, equably by kind, fertilizer builds, and then covers thin straw.