CN104635713A - Electric energy metering system - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses an electric energy metering system, including a microcontroller, a load main control board, a Zigbee communication unit, and a home gateway, and the microcontroller is connected with the load main control board and the Zigbee communication unit for obtaining and storing The power consumption information of the load matched with the load main control board, the control command sent by the Zigbee communication unit is obtained, and the working state of the load is controlled by the load main control board matched with the control command according to the control command; The home gateway is configured to generate and send a control instruction matching the control signal to the microcontroller through the Zigbee communication unit according to the acquired control signal sent by the user. Therefore, the user can obtain detailed power consumption data of each load device within a period of time according to the power consumption information of the load device stored in the microcontroller.

Description

An electric energy metering system

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of electric power information detection and control, and more specifically, relates to an electric energy metering system.

Background technique

With the advent of the Internet of Things era, the smart home industry is also ushering in unprecedented opportunities for development. Many Internet manufacturers and home appliance manufacturers have joined the smart home industry like a storm, and have launched a wide range of smart home appliances to seize more smart home market share.

At present, most of the existing electric energy metering modules are used for metering equipment such as electric meters. Although users can obtain the total electricity consumption information of household appliances through electric meters and other equipment, users cannot obtain specific individual information of each high-power home appliance. Electricity situation.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present application provides an electric energy metering system, which is used to solve the problem in the prior art that users cannot obtain the individual electricity consumption of each high-power household electrical appliance.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the proposed scheme is as follows:

An electric energy metering system comprising:

Microcontroller, load main control board, Zigbee communication unit and home gateway;

The micro-controller is respectively connected with the load main control board and the Zigbee communication unit, and is used to obtain and store the power consumption information of the load matched with the load main control board, and obtain the control instructions sent by the Zigbee communication unit , controlling the working state of the load through the load main control board matched with the control command according to the control command;

The home gateway is configured to generate and send a control instruction to the microcontroller through the Zigbee communication unit according to the acquired control signal sent by the user.

Preferably, in the above electric energy metering system, the microcontroller includes:

The parsing unit is configured to parse the obtained control instruction, and obtain the address information and switch value information of the load main control board corresponding to the control instruction.

Preferably, in the above electric energy metering system, the electricity consumption information includes:

Load voltage, current, power, power factor and power information.

Preferably, in the above electric energy metering system, the microcontroller includes:

The calculation unit is used to calculate and store the average power and average power consumption of the load within a preset period of time according to the acquired power consumption information of the load.

Preferably, in the above electric energy metering system, the microcontroller further includes:

An encryptor for encrypting stored data in a preset manner.

Preferably, the above electric energy metering system also includes:

A power-down detection circuit whose input end is connected to the grid and whose output end is connected to the microcontroller is used to send a power-down signal to the microcontroller when the grid is powered off.

Preferably, in the above electric energy metering system, the microcontroller further includes:

The flash memory is used for storing the currently obtained power consumption information when the power down signal is obtained.

Preferably, the above electric energy metering system also includes:

The power consumption information collection unit connected with the microcontroller is used to collect and store the total power consumption information of the user.

Preferably, the above electric energy metering system also includes:

The wireless remote control device is used to send control signals to the Zigbee communication unit.

Preferably, in the above electric energy metering system, the working process of the microcontroller after obtaining the power consumption information of the load further includes:

The operating state of the electric load and time information corresponding to the current operating state are determined and stored according to the electric power consumption information of the load.

It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the electric energy metering system disclosed in the present application can know that the microcontroller in the electric energy metering system can obtain and store the electricity consumption information of each load through the load master control board, and the user can The power consumption information of the load equipment stored in the microcontroller acquires detailed power consumption data of each load equipment within a period of time.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only It is an embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the provided drawings without creative work.

FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of an electric energy metering system disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of an electric energy metering system disclosed in another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a power-down detection circuit disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 4 is the structural diagram of the current and voltage conversion circuit in the power consumption information collection unit in the embodiment of the present application;

5 is a structural diagram of the CS5463 chip and its peripheral circuits in the electricity consumption information collection unit disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of the first power supply circuit disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a second power supply circuit disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

In order to solve the problem that users can only obtain the total monthly electricity consumption information through metering equipment such as electric meters in the prior art, but cannot view the electricity consumption information of specific electrical equipment, the application discloses an electric energy metering system.

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to Figure 1, the electric energy metering system disclosed in the embodiment of the present application includes:

Microcontroller 1, load main control board 2, Zigbee communication unit 3 and home gateway 4;

The microcontroller 1 is connected with the Zigbee communication unit 3 and the load main control board 2, and is used to acquire and store the power consumption information of the load matched with the load main control board 2, obtain the Zigbee communication The control command sent by the unit 3, and according to the control command, control the working state of the load through the load main control board 2 matched with the control command;

The home gateway 4 is connected to the Zigbee communication unit through a wireless router, and is used to generate and generate the control signal to the microcontroller 1 through the Zigbee communication unit 3 according to the obtained control signal sent by the user. Matching control instructions, the Zigbee communication unit is a wireless communication device with Zigbee function, and the Zigbee is a wireless transmission technology based on the IEEE802.15.4 standard, which can meet the requirements of remote monitoring, control and sensor network applications. .

According to the technical solutions disclosed in the above embodiments of the present application, the microcontroller can obtain and store the power consumption information of each load, and the user can obtain the power consumption information of the load equipment stored in the microcontroller. Detailed power consumption data of the load device over a period of time.

It can be understood that, in the above embodiments of the present application, the microcontroller 1 and the load main control board 2 can be directly connected through a data interface. Of course, in order to facilitate data transmission, the two can also be connected through the Zigbee communication unit 3 performs data interaction.

It can be understood that, when using the Zigbee communication unit to realize the data interaction between the microcontroller and the load main control board, the Zigbee communication unit can also be based on the load equipment obtained by the load main control board The power consumption information of the load device is fed back to the microcontroller after the state of the load device is controlled and the current power consumption information of the load. Of course, if the load fails, the abnormality of the load can also be actively reported through the Zigbee communication unit State, to ensure that users can find and deal with faulty equipment in time, it can be understood that, in order to ensure the reliability of the Zigbee communication unit, the radio frequency chip used by the Zigbee communication unit can be the radio frequency chip of CC2500 model of TI company.

It can be understood that in daily life, the user controls the operating state of the load through the load main control board, and each load corresponds to a load main control board. Therefore, the microcontroller in the technical solution disclosed in this application can The main control board of the load acquires the power consumption information of the load, processes the acquired power consumption information in a preset manner and stores it in the memory, and the user can read the data in the memory to obtain For the power consumption information of each load device, it can be understood that the user can select a preset processing program to process the acquired power consumption information of the load according to his own needs, for example, the preset processing program can be used to process the The power consumption information of the load is processed, and the voltage, current, power and power factor of the load are obtained by calculation. Therefore, the above-mentioned microcontroller may also include a calculation unit, which is used to obtain the power consumption of the load according to the preset program and The information calculates and stores the average power and average power consumption of the load within a preset time period, wherein the preset time can be set according to the user's needs, for example: 1 minute, 1 hour, etc.

It can be understood that, in order to facilitate the user to check the stored data information, if the microcontroller is to automatically store the electricity consumption data of the load device for one month, it needs to store the clock information matching the current data at the same time. The clock information can be generated by the timer simulation of the single-chip microcomputer, that is, the "soft clock" realized by the preset program of the single-chip microcomputer, and the time information contained in the "soft clock" can include year, month, day, hour, minute, second . The "soft clock" method saves the clock chip, which simplifies the circuit and reduces the cost. The starting point of the clock signal can be that when the load is just powered on, the microcontroller can obtain the clock signal from the home gateway or the load main control board through the Zigbee communication unit. Because the "soft clock" simulated by the single-chip microcomputer has a certain gap in accuracy compared with the clock chip, so in order to avoid the excessive deviation between the clock signal and the real time after a long time running, the micro-controller The controller needs to check the clock signal every preset time period.

When the electric energy metering system is powered on, the microcontroller can obtain the current clock signal through the load main control board, thereby automatically storing the power and electric quantity information of the load device for the last month according to the obtained clock signal As well as the status information of home appliances, of course, the current clock signal can also be obtained through network equipment. When the electric energy metering system is working, the load main control board can obtain the power consumption information of the load equipment through a standard interface, and send the obtained power consumption information to the microcontroller.

Of course, it can be understood that, in order to facilitate the remote control of the load equipment by the user, so that the user can also control the working state of the load without being at the equipment site, the Zigbee communication unit and the It can be connected with the home gateway, which is another high-tech product brought to people by the information age. It uses the existing computer network technology to connect various home appliances and equipment in the family to the network, and provides people with various services through the network. Rich, diverse, personalized, convenient, comfortable, safe and efficient services. When the user needs to remotely control the load device, the corresponding control signal can be sent to the Zigbee communication unit through the wireless network, and then the working state of the load is controlled through the microcontroller and the load main control board. Therefore, the microcontroller can also include an analysis unit, after the microcontroller obtains the control instruction sent by the Zigbee communication unit, the analysis unit analyzes the control instruction to determine that the control instruction corresponds to control object (the load main control board corresponding to the control instruction) and the action information corresponding to the control instruction, and send the action information to the load main control board matching the control instruction, and the load main control board The control board controls the working state of the load according to the action information, and the action information includes: opening and closing of the load, switching of the working mode of the load, and the like.

It can be understood that the number of load control boards connected to the microcontroller can be set according to user needs, and each load corresponds to displacement address information. When the microcontroller obtains the Zigbee communication unit After the control instruction is forwarded, the address information of the load can be obtained by parsing the control instruction.

Of course, it can be understood that, in order to facilitate the user to obtain the stored power consumption information of loads and to be able to store more power consumption information of loads, the above embodiments of the present application may further include a storage unit for storing all The power consumption information and the data information obtained by the microcontroller processing the power consumption information, the type of the storage unit can be selected according to the needs of the user, for example, the storage unit in the above embodiments of the present application can be model It is a storage unit of AT24C64. Of course, it can be understood that in order to enable users to read the data content in the storage unit more conveniently, the above-mentioned electric energy metering system can also include a touch screen for selecting/reading the Storage data in the storage unit.

It can be understood that, in order to improve the security of the user's electricity consumption information, the microcontroller may also include an encryptor, which is used to encrypt the stored data in a preset manner when the microcontroller stores data , wherein, when storing the data to be stored, a preset password can be selected for encryption, so as to prevent the user's power consumption information from being maliciously leaked.

It can be understood that, in order to prevent data loss caused by accidental power failure, the electric energy metering system in the above embodiments of the present application may also include a power failure detection circuit, the input terminal of the power failure detection circuit is connected to the power grid connected, and the output end is connected to the microcontroller for judging the running state of the grid, and when the grid is powered off, a power-down signal is sent to the microcontroller. Of course, it can be understood that the microcontroller is correspondingly provided with a flash memory for storing and processing current data immediately after acquiring the power-down signal. The specific structure of the power-down detection circuit can be the power-down detection circuit disclosed in any embodiment of the prior art, as long as it can ensure that it can send a power-down signal to the microcontroller when the grid is powered off. To facilitate the description of the power-off detection circuit, see FIG. 2 and FIG. 3. The power-off detection circuit 5 disclosed in this application may include a front-end circuit 501 and a back-end circuit 502. The front-end circuit 501 is used to convert the 220V AC power of the grid Become a low-voltage square wave signal, referring to Fig. 1, the front-end circuit 501 includes: the cathode of the diode is connected to the grid and the anode is connected to the photosphere ISO2 through the resistor R1, the output end of the MOS device of the optocoupler ISO2 is grounded, and the other end The resistor R2 is connected to the power supply, and the common terminal of the resistor R2 and the MOS device is used as the output terminal of the front-end circuit 501 to output a PWR_DOWN signal, that is, when there is current in the power grid, the light-emitting device in the optocoupler device ISO2 emits light. The MOS device is turned on, the power supply of the front-end circuit 501 is grounded through the resistor R2 and the optocoupler, and the front-end circuit 501 outputs a low-level signal. Referring to FIG. 3, the back-end circuit 502 is composed of a TLC555ID timer and its peripheral circuits. The TLC555ID timer is mainly used to convert the acquired PWR_DOWN signal into a matching level signal. When there is 220V AC in the grid , the PWR_DOWN signal is a low-level signal, and the PD_INT pin of the TLC555ID timer outputs a high-level signal. When there is no 220V AC power in the grid, that is, in the case of power failure, the PWR_DOWN signal is a high-level signal. The PD_INT pin output signal of the TLC555ID timer becomes a low level; thus, when the power is off, the PD_INT pin will generate a falling edge interrupt signal to the microcontroller, and the microcontroller utilizes this interrupt The signal can be processed for power-down protection.

It can be understood that, in addition to storing the power consumption information of each load device in the user's home, the electric energy metering system can also measure the total power consumption information of the user, so all the power consumption information in the above embodiments of the present application The electric energy metering system may also include an electricity consumption information collection unit, the electricity consumption information collection unit is used to collect and store the total electricity consumption information of the user, and measure the total electricity consumption of the user. It can be understood that the existing In the technology, there are various devices for collecting and measuring the total electricity consumption information of users. The electricity consumption information collection unit in the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application can be any type of electric energy metering equipment in the prior art. In order to reduce the The cost of the electricity consumption information collection unit and the improvement of metering accuracy, the electricity consumption information collection unit can choose to use manganese copper sampling resistors when collecting current. Compared with the traditional current transformer collection method, this method can effectively solve the current problem. Transformers are prone to saturation problems. Of course, filtering and interference suppression components can also be added to the small signal acquisition circuit of the metering chip of the power consumption information acquisition unit to further ensure metering accuracy and metering circuit stability. The metering chip of the information collection unit can be constructed by using the CS5463 metering chip of Cirrus Logic Company. The CS5463 chip can use low-cost shunts or transformers to measure current, and use voltage dividing resistors or voltage transformers to measure voltage. The voltage measurement of the electricity consumption information acquisition unit is realized by voltage dividing resistors, as shown in Figure 4, the high voltage of 220V of the grid is divided by the voltage dividing resistors R3-R8 in turn, and the millivolt-level low-voltage alternating current is obtained on both sides of the resistor R9. Small signal, send the signal to the voltage acquisition channels VIN- and VIN+ of the CS5463 chip. The current measurement of the power consumption information acquisition unit is realized by a manganin resistor, as shown in Figure 4, the large current of the power grid passes through the manganin resistor R10, and the mV-level low-voltage small signal obtained on both sides of the resistor R10 is sent to the CS5463 The front-end electrical current acquisition channels IIN- and IIN+ of the chip. As shown in Figure 5, the voltage channel, current channel and peripheral circuit of the CS5463 chip send small AC signals to the inside of the CS5463 chip, and in order to make the input signals of the two channels controllable within a certain voltage range, it is also possible to Protective diodes are provided on the voltage and current channels. In addition, filter inductors and piezoresistors can also be provided at the current channel to enhance the anti-interference ability between the two channels and ensure the accuracy of data collection.

It can be understood that, in order to facilitate the user to control the working state of the load, the electric energy metering system in the above embodiments of the present application may also include a wireless remote control device, and the wireless remote control device is used to send to the Zigbee communication unit Control signal, it can be understood that the wireless remote control device can be a control device that directly sends a control signal to the Zigbee communication unit through an infrared signal, and can also be a control device that sends a control signal to the Zigbee communication unit through a wireless network and the home gateway. Mobile terminal equipment that sends control signals.

It can be understood that, in order to facilitate the user to view the monthly operating rules of the load equipment and to arrange the work and rest time reasonably, in the electric energy metering system in the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application, the microcontroller obtains the usage of the load The working process after the electrical information may also include: acquiring and storing the running state of the load according to the power consumption information of the load, and storing the time information corresponding to the current running state of the load according to the clock signal, wherein the time information corresponding to the current running state of the load It can include information such as: the start time of the current state, and the running time of the current state.

It can be understood that, in order to save resources, improve the conversion efficiency of the power supply, and reduce the overall power consumption of the module, the power supply of the electric energy metering system can be designed using the NCP1015 non-isolation scheme. Wherein the power supply of the electric energy metering system may include a first power supply circuit and a second power supply circuit connected in series, and both the first power supply circuit and the second power supply circuit are designed with a switching power supply scheme, and the input terminal of the first power supply circuit The output terminal connected to the power grid is connected to the metering chip in the power consumption information collection unit, and the first power supply circuit can be set by NCP1015 non-isolation scheme, which can adopt dynamic self-supply (DSS) technology, so the work of NCP1015 chip The voltage can be directly absorbed by the drain, so compared with the traditional technical solution, the auxiliary coil is omitted, the circuit is simplified, the volume occupied by the transformer is reduced, and the production cost is also reduced. The output voltage of the first power supply circuit It can be set according to the needs of users. For example, the output voltage of the first power supply circuit can be 5VDC, that is, the first power supply circuit is a conversion circuit of 220VAC-5VDC, and the second power supply circuit is used to supply the metering chip Provide working voltage with the microcontroller, which can be a voltage conversion circuit of 5VDC-3V3DC, and the core device of the second power supply circuit can adopt the DC/DC switching power supply chip TPS5401 of TI Company, compared with the conventional step-down LDO The conversion efficiency is high. A schematic circuit diagram of the first power supply circuit may be shown in FIG. 6 , and a schematic circuit diagram of the second power supply circuit may be shown in FIG. 7 .

In order to further ensure the safety of the equipment, reduce the influence of the electric energy metering system on the load main control board, ensure the stability of the load equipment operation, and enhance the anti-interference and safety of the equipment, the microcontroller described in the above-mentioned embodiments of the application and An isolated communication interface may be used between the load main control boards, such as an SPI interface or a UART interface.

Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. An electric energy metering system, characterized in that, comprising: Microcontroller, load main control board, Zigbee communication unit and home gateway; The micro-controller is respectively connected with the load main control board and the Zigbee communication unit, and is used to obtain and store the power consumption information of the load matched with the load main control board, and obtain the control instructions sent by the Zigbee communication unit , controlling the working state of the load through the load main control board matched with the control command according to the control command; The home gateway is configured to generate and send a control instruction to the microcontroller through the Zigbee communication unit according to the acquired control signal sent by the user. 2. The electric energy metering system according to claim 1, wherein the microcontroller comprises: The parsing unit is configured to parse the obtained control instruction, and obtain the address information and switch value information of the load main control board corresponding to the control instruction. 3. The electric energy metering system according to claim 1, wherein the electricity consumption information includes: Load voltage, current, power, power factor and power information. 4. The electric energy metering system according to claim 1, wherein the microcontroller comprises: The calculation unit is used to calculate and store the average power and average power consumption of the load within a preset period of time according to the acquired power consumption information of the load. 5. The electric energy metering system according to claim 1, wherein the microcontroller further comprises: An encryptor for encrypting stored data in a preset manner. 6. The electric energy metering system according to claim 1, further comprising: A power-down detection circuit whose input end is connected to the grid and whose output end is connected to the microcontroller is used to send a power-down signal to the microcontroller when the grid is powered off. 7. The electric energy metering system according to claim 6, wherein the microcontroller further comprises: The flash memory is used for storing the currently obtained power consumption information when the power down signal is obtained. 8. The electric energy metering system according to claim 1, further comprising: The power consumption information collection unit connected with the microcontroller is used to collect and store the total power consumption information of the user. 9. The electric energy metering system according to claim 1, further comprising: The wireless remote control device is used to send control signals to the Zigbee communication unit. 10. The electric energy metering system according to claim 1, wherein the working process of the microcontroller after obtaining the power consumption information of the load further comprises: The operating state of the electric load and time information corresponding to the current operating state are determined and stored according to the electric power consumption information of the load.