CN104607008B - Double-circulating flue gas dust removal desulfurization tower and flue gas desulfurization method - Google Patents
Double-circulating flue gas dust removal desulfurization tower and flue gas desulfurization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104607008B CN104607008B CN201310540452.4A CN201310540452A CN104607008B CN 104607008 B CN104607008 B CN 104607008B CN 201310540452 A CN201310540452 A CN 201310540452A CN 104607008 B CN104607008 B CN 104607008B
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- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000001869 rapid Effects 0.000 description 6
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- WAEMQWOKJMHJLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese(2+) Chemical compound [Mn+2] WAEMQWOKJMHJLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 iron ion Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910001437 manganese ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006276 transfer reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000018569 Respiratory Tract disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical class OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
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- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a double-circulating flue gas dust removal desulfurization tower and a desulfurization method. The desulfurization tower of the present invention comprises a pre-treatment unit and a deep treatment unit, wherein the two units form an H-shaped double-tower structure, the pre-treatment unit comprises a flue gas inlet, a first-stage spraying system, a waterdrop-shaped regular packing assembly, a turbulent scrubber and a first-stage liquid holding tank from top to bottom, the deep treatment unit comprises a second-stage liquid holding tank, a packing assembly, a demister and a purified flue gas outlet from bottom to top, and the pre-treatment unit and the deep treatment unit are communicated through the flue gas channel on the middle portion. According to the desulfurization tower of the present invention, the waterdrop-shaped regular packing assembly and the high level potential energy of the turbulent scrubber absorbing liquid can be utilized to concurrently pre-treat the flue gas, and the desulfurization tower has advantages of high contaminant removal rate, low energy consumption and the like, and is especially for the dust removal desulfurization process of low dust content flue gas.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses a kind of Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower and fume desulphurization method, belong to field of environment protection, it is adaptable to flue gas and process tail gas dust-removal and desulfurizing process, and can be widely applied to the field such as petrochemical industry and environmental protection.
Background technology
In the atmospheric pollution of China, acid rain and floating dust are topmost pollutions.During the last ten years, owing to the discharge capacity of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides day by day increases, the problem of acid rain is more and more prominent.China has been the third-largest Acid Rain Zone being only second to Europe and North America now.SO2It is the major reason causing China's atmospheric pollution with dust, the atmosphere pollution of the current priority control of Ye Shi China.China SO2Total emission volumn is the most for years more than 20,000,000 tons, within 2005, total emission volumn reaches 25,490,000 tons, occupying first place in the world, although the target that China the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period cuts down sulfur dioxide 10% has been carried out, but the Acid Rain Pollution area that China is current (accounting for the 30% of area) is still constantly expanding.Annual because of acid rain and SO2Polluting and cause the economic loss of the aspects such as crops, forest and health more than 100,000,000,000 yuan, sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions control still to can not be ignored.Dust refers to particle diameter 1～the particulate matter of 75 microns.Typically produced by broken in commercial production, runs.According to analysis, China is entered the dust of air every year by industry and life cellar for storing things fire grate, more than 10,000,000 tons.Dust is easily inhaled into human respiratory tract's system, directly threatens the life of people, and the environment being especially in dust pollution can cause multiple cardiovascular, respiratory tract disease etc..
Flue gas desulfurization is pressed the kind of desulfurizing agent and is divided, and can be divided into following five kinds of methods: with CaCO3Calcium method based on (limestone), the magnesium processes based on MgO, with Na2SO3Based on sodium method, with NH3Based on ammonia process, the organic alkaline process based on organic base.Presently, it is recognized that desulfurization dust-removing technique include water film type, fountain, impact type and water-bath type etc..Venturi and rapid punching are as strengthening gas-liquid mass transfer (contact) equipment, flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization device is widely used, wherein venturi height about 16m～19m, and when exhaust gas volumn is bigger, whole desulfurizer is that multiple venturi encircles form with desulfurizing tower, take up room and invest the biggest, such as the flue gas desulfurization technique of Norton.Rapid punching needs liquid phase is raised 6～8m, to produce froth zone, and by the continuous renewal of foam, keeps efficient gas-liquid mass transfer effect, but the most therefore the height of reactor and infrastructure investment substantially increase.
Patent US3894563A and patent US2012000366A1 all use venturi to realize dedusting and gas-liquid separation with cyclone separator combination.In desulfurizer that patent CN200920247553.1, CN200920200026.5 and CN03142049.4 introduce or technique, rapids rushes scrubbing tower and is and is separately provided, and floor space is big, and investment cost is high.
Patent US4110088 describes the cooling of a kind of high-temperature flue gas chilling, dedusting and the technique of removing water soluble contaminants and device.The high-temperature flue gas of 927～1038 DEG C is after two-stage spraying cooling, enter cyclone separator and isolate drop and dust, carry out removing pollutant in waste gas through packed tower again, after the deflection plate demister of purification gas entrance band fin plate is except mist, finally being injected into aiutage through venturi, purification gas, when venturi ejection at a high speed, produces negative pressure, suction venturi surrounding air, makes purification gas humidity reduce.This technological process is long, and pressure drop is very big, is provided with twice blower fan in technique, and with thinking that flue gas provides power, energy consumption is bigger.
CN101301574A discloses a kind of multi-stage flue gas desulfurization spray column, and including primary desulfurizing scrubber and secondary desulfuration spray tower, the outlet of described primary desulfurizing scrubber is connected with the entrance of secondary desulfuration spray tower.This multi-stage flue gas desulfurization tower also includes return duct, this connecting tube is connected between the bottom of primary desulfurizing scrubber and secondary desulfuration spray tower, thus, absorbing liquid is back to secondary desulfuration spray tower through this return duct, is equivalent to one circulatory pool of two-step desulfurization units shared.What this technology realized has the technical effect that once desulfurization in primary desulfurizing scrubber, secondary desulfuration in secondary desulfuration spray tower, this one circulatory pool of technology two-step desulfurization units shared, it is formed without the grating region of absorbing liquid, desulfurization degree is the highest, and this absorption of technology agent uses lime stone slurry, and the return duct between two-step desulfurization unit is only by gravity reflux, therefore reflux pipeline is easy to blocking, this Chief Technology Officer period run reliability is not enough.
CN2608111Y discloses a kind of high-concentration fume desulfurating dust-removing equipment, this technology is overlapped above desulfurization unit 2 and is cascaded, with a shell, the desulfurization unit of series connection is covered on together, bottom shares a circulating slot, this technology circulatory pool does not has to process for the feature of high-concentration fume, is only cascaded by the two above desulfurization units of set, and desulfuration efficiency ensure that, but take up an area relatively big, be not suitable for the reserved less region in place and use.
In prior art, though the cooling/dedusting of high-temperature flue gas/desulfurization uses two-stage or multi-stage gas-liquid contact absorption technique, having reached pollutant removing effect, but every one-level spray-absorption is provided with corresponding equipment for liquid transportation and absorbing liquid atomization plant, energy consumption is higher.
Summary of the invention
For existing Venturi scrubber and the deficiency of turbulent impulse scrubber fume treatment technology, the invention provides a kind of Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower, the high potential energy utilizing water-drop-shaped structured packing assembly and turbulent impulse scrubber absorbing liquid carries out pretreatment to flue gas simultaneously, and wherein water-drop-shaped structured packing assembly is positioned at the top of turbulent impulse scrubber.Gas phase is first by after one-level spray system spraying cooling, and gas-liquid two-phase, again also cross water-drop-shaped structured packing assembly, occurs strong mass transfer reaction and dedusting cooling at this.Turbulent impulse scrubber absorbing liquid, during spray, because of the wind-force dissection by flue gas, is dispersed into tiny drop/droplet, it is achieved thereby that the mass transfer of spray strengthening again absorbs, is particularly well-suited to the dust-removal and desulfurizing process of the relatively low flue gas of dustiness.
The invention provides a kind of Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower, it is characterized in that, described desulfurizing tower includes pretreatment unit and advanced treatment unit, the two constitutes " H " type or " u "-shaped Double-Tower Structure, wherein said pretreatment unit includes that smoke inlet, one-level spray system, water-drop-shaped structured packing assembly, turbulent impulse scrubber and one-level hold liquid bath from top to bottom, described advanced treatment unit includes that two grades are held liquid bath, filler assembly, demister and purifying smoke outlet from bottom to top, and pretreatment unit is connected by the exhaust gases passes at middle part with advanced treatment unit.
Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower according to the present invention, wherein said pretreatment unit also includes primary cycle pump I, primary cycle pump II and primary cycle pipeline；Equally, described advanced treatment unit also includes secondary cycle pump, secondary cycle pipeline and two grades of spray systems.Described one-level spray system is positioned at the top of water-drop-shaped structured packing assembly, and holds liquid bath by primary cycle pipeline and primary cycle pump I with one-level and be connected；Turbulent impulse scrubber is held liquid bath by primary cycle pipeline and primary cycle pump II with one-level and is connected；Two grades of described spray systems are positioned at above or below filler assembly.
Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower according to the present invention, wherein in described pretreatment unit, on the top of desulfurizing tower tower wall, preferably desulfurizing tower tower wall arranges moisture film assembly with the connecting portion of smoke inlet reducing.Described moisture film assembly can use the structure of any suitable form in this area, as arranged endless tube in upper column wall surrounding, endless tube arranges the nozzle towards tower wall.And in the present invention, it is preferred to overflow-type moisture film assembly is set at the connecting portion of tower wall Yu smoke inlet reducing.The structure of overflow-type moisture film assembly is: the lower end of smoke inlet reducing connects one section of straight tube, the diameter of this direct tube section is more than the tower diameter of pretreatment unit, connecting portion at tower wall and reducing forms the cannelure that a bottom lock, upper end are uncovered, preferably at the uncovered employing tooth-shape structure of cannelure.This cannelure is held liquid bath with one-level and is connected by pipeline.When liquid constantly injects in cannelure, liquid constantly can flow down along the inwall of desulfurizing tower from the upper edge of tower wall with overflow type, from top to bottom, thus covers whole wall of reactor.Owing to doing/wet interface at reactor inlet; heat smoke touches shower water for the first time; the acid mist of high concentration can be produced; so the corrosion condition at dry/wet interface is extremely serious, by using the form of moisture film protection, the corrosion condition at dry/wet interface can be greatly decreased; and the fouling that will be attached on reactor wall rinses at any time; avoid underdeposit corrosion, improve the antiseptic power of material or reduce the consumption of high-grade anticorrosion material, thus significantly reducing cost.
Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower according to the present invention, described water-drop-shaped structured packing assembly includes the packing area that more than at least one of which, preferred two-layer are made up of some parallel connections, horizontal positioned water-drop-shaped special pipe, and every layer of described some parallel connection, the water-drop-shaped special pipe of horizontal positioned constitute multiple has collection section, aditus laryngis and the parallel channels of dispersion section.Water-drop-shaped structured packing can be made into one or is divided into some pieces of block combiner to use.
In the Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower of the present invention, the cross section (i.e. end face) of described water-drop-shaped special pipe is water-drop-shaped, and its top is circular arc, and bottom is acute triangle, forms the water-drop-shaped of " top big following point ".The top of water-drop-shaped special pipe is arc surface, and the dust being beneficial to contain in gas is under hygrometric state, under the brushing of self gravitation and gas phase, by the downward landing of this slip flow regime, thus avoids channel blockage phenomenon.
In the Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower of the present invention, the preferably tube wall bottom at water-drop-shaped special pipe has some parallel grooves.The cross section of groove can be triangle, rectangle or circular arc, preferably triangle.The groove that special pipe both sides tube wall is offered, can be symmetrical, and the lower end of symmetrical groove can connect, it is also possible to does not connects.Described some parallel groove, substantially increases the surface area of structured packing unit volume, i.e. substantially increases gas-liquid mass transfer area.
The groove that both sides, water-drop-shaped special pipe bottom tube wall is offered, flows through after the wall flow liquid drip of passage goes out aditus laryngis, blows lower drop in gas phase and blown entrance groove, and realize coalescence in groove, such that it is able to eliminate entrainment, it is achieved gas-liquid separation.
In the Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower of the present invention, described water-drop-shaped special pipe structured packing is defined by some special pipes in parallel has collection section, aditus laryngis and the passage of dispersion section.When high-temperature gas, liquid and dust and flow entrance this packing area time, initially enter collection section (aisle spare contraction), gas velocity increases, realizing solution dispersion, liquid phase specific surface area increases, and grit attachment is moistening, scattered atomic drop is under the contention effect of high-speed gas, due to the ductility of water, will attach to be formed on tube wall liquid film, it is achieved that the coalescence of drop and samming process.When liquid film is by aditus laryngis, due to the further increase of gas velocity, liquid film creating again strong compressing and dissection, liquid film is the most thinning, creates twice dispersing effect；After aditus laryngis, gas velocity declines rapidly, in the process, the a large amount of dust contained in gas are due to the change of gas velocity, realizing mud and drip coalescence, dust along interface landing, thus will realize dedusting function, and liquid film is on the tube wall of two side lower parts of water-drop-shaped special pipe during flow down, clamp-oned in groove by gas again, it is achieved that coalescence again, and finally become continuous wire to be dripped by the bottom of water-drop-shaped special pipe, thus eliminate entrainment, complete mass transfer reaction.
In the Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower of the present invention, the filler assembly used in advanced treatment unit typically selects random packing or the structured packings such as rectangular saddle ring, Pall ring, Raschig ring.Preferably employing water-drop-shaped structured packing in the present invention, its structure is identical with the water-drop-shaped structured packing modular construction in pretreatment unit, and it is not both this filler assembly and uses one layer of water-drop-shaped structured packing.
In the Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower of the present invention, two grades of described spray systems are positioned at above or below filler assembly, and flue gas countercurrently or and flows contact mass transfer with spray liquid.Spray liquid, under flue gas upwards blows, will produce the froth bed of the turbulence of certain altitude above water-drop-shaped structured packing, and at this moment gas-liquid two-phase not only contact surface is big, and contact surface alkali liquor is continuously available renewal.Gas-liquid two-phase fierceness collisional mixing, reaches efficient mass transfer reaction, it is achieved deep desulfuration.Liquid phase falls into two grades in the effect of self gravitation and holds in liquid bath.
In the Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower of the present invention, described demister can use the demister of routine, as used broken line type or streamlined demister.In the present invention, described demister preferred straight tube shape deflector type demister.Straight tube shape deflector type demister includes that several are arranged side by side except mist assembly, each all includes riser and straight tube except mist assembly, and straight tube is arranged on the outside of riser, and with riser on the same axis；Riser is fixed on tower tray, and the top of riser arranges capping plate, and the circumference at riser has some seams, provided circumferentially about the tangential flow guiding wing is had at the riser near each bar seam, straight tube inwall is provided with some the grooves parallel with axis, for the coalescence of liquid, it is achieved gas-liquid separation.
In straight tube shape deflector type demister, the inner surface of described straight tube can also arrange projection.Described projection is parallel with the axis of straight tube, or can form an angle with axis.The protruding cross section of described setting can be the suitable shape such as rectangle, triangle or circle.Heretofore described projection preferably employs the clapper structure that cross section is rectangle.Wherein, the direction of rotation of hyoplastron is contrary with the direction of rotation of the tangential flow guiding wing.
Wherein, the lower ending opening of described straight tube can also be arranged to zigzag structure, thus advantageously becomes continuous drip to fall in isolated liquid from the inwall of straight tube.
In the Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower of the present invention, described straight tube shape deflector type demister, realize drop by the fluid repeatedly baffling in flow process and separate with gas.
The present invention can also place floating basket in the one-level of pretreatment unit holds liquid bath, places oxidation catalyst, as dissolved the iron ore of ion in an acidic solution in floating basket.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of process for dusting and dsulfurizing fume, the method uses Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower recited above.
A kind of process for dusting and dsulfurizing fume of the present invention, specifically includes herein below:
(1) high-temperature flue gas is after one-level spray system chilling is lowered the temperature, and continues with absorbing liquid and stream flows downward, and enters water-drop-shaped structured packing assembly, and carries out at this absorbing the cooling of flue gas, dedusting and pre-desulfurization；
(2) flue gas after step (1) first order absorption is neutral or acid first order absorption liquid counter current contacting with the pH value of turbulent impulse scrubber ejection, rapids rushes absorbing liquid during declining, it is dispersed into tiny drop/droplet by the wind-force dissection of gas in tower, proceeds cooling, dedusting and pre-desulfurization in this process；
(3) the first order absorption liquid entrance one-level absorbing sulfur dioxide holds liquid bath, and is recycled by primary cycle pump I, primary cycle pump II and primary cycle pipeline；
(4) under the promotion of upper pressure, flue gas after pretreatment unit absorbs enters advanced treatment unit by the passage between pretreatment unit and advanced treatment unit, upwardly through filler assembly, and with filler assembly above spray system injection pH value in alkalescence two grades of absorbing liquids be fully contacted mass transfer at filler assembly, complete final sweetening process；
(5) by flue gas after the purification of filler assembly by except mist assembly, after gas-liquid separation, discharge from dust-removal and desulfurizing reactor exhanst gas outlet.
In the process for dusting and dsulfurizing fume of the present invention, it is respectively provided with at pretreatment unit and advanced treatment unit and holds liquid bath, define independent Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization system.Holding for two and arrange passage in the middle of liquid bath, one-level is held liquid bath and is provided absorbing liquid for pretreatment unit, holds liquid bath for two grades and provides absorbing liquid for advanced treatment unit.This technique proposes desulfurization absorbing liquid concentration grating theory, original absorbance liquid initially enters two grades and holds liquid bath, liquid bath is held entering one-level by center-aisle, it is final absorbing liquid discharge pond that one-level holds liquid bath, for guaranteeing the utilization rate of absorbing liquid, one-level the pH value holding liquid bath controls to enter two grades of alkali liquor amounts holding liquid bath.Owing to this technological process is able to ensure that two grades are held the pH value that liquid bath remains higher, the basicity of two grades of absorbing liquids is higher can be greatly improved desulfurization degree.One-level holds liquid bath and two grades of zonal control holding liquid bath pH value, both ensure that the high efficiency of this fume desulphurization method, and may insure that again the utilization rate that desulfurization absorbing liquid is higher.
In the process for dusting and dsulfurizing fume of the present invention, flue gas can be from the sulfur-bearing dust-laden high-temperature flue gas in various devices, the wherein SO of flue gas2Concentration is 500～5000mg/Nm3, preferably 1000～4000mg/Nm3；Dust concentration 70～300mg/Nm3, preferably 100～200mg/Nm3。
In the process for dusting and dsulfurizing fume of the present invention, the operating condition of described flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower is: operation temperature is 100～350 DEG C, preferably 150～200 DEG C；Operation pressure is normal pressure to 1MPa；Treatment quantity is 500～200000m3/ h, preferably 700～180000m3/h；Absorbing liquid circulating load is 0.4m3/ h～7m3/ h, preferably 0.5m3/ h～6m3/h。
In the process for dusting and dsulfurizing fume of the present invention, described absorbing liquid can be NaOH solution, Na2CO3Solution, Mg (OH)2Solution or lime water Ca (OH)2, the preferred NaOH solution of absorbing liquid in this method, the pH value of the first order absorption liquid during wherein one-level holds liquid bath between 6～7, described two grades hold in liquid bath two grades of absorbing liquid pH value between 8～10.
The present invention can also place floating basket in the one-level of pretreatment unit holds liquid bath, places oxidation catalyst, as dissolved the iron ore of ion in an acidic solution in floating basket.Holding absorbing liquid in liquid bath due to one-level is faintly acid, and iron ore can be dissolved and be converted into manganese ion or the iron ion with catalysis.Being delivered to one-level spray system containing manganese ion or iron ion first order absorption liquid by primary cycle pump I, its spray liquid contacts with flue gas adverse current, obtains oxygen and be transferred in liquid phase in flue gas.First order absorption liquid and the SO in flue gas2Reaction generates sulphite or bisulfites, afterwards dissolved oxygen and there is catalysis manganese ion or iron ion action under, the oxidized sulfate that is converted into, thus reduce the COD in waste water, make discharged wastewater met the national standard.
Compared with prior art, Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower and the fume desulphurization method of the present invention has the advantage that
1, high-temperature flue gas is after one-level spray system chilling is lowered the temperature, and continues with absorbing liquid and stream flows downward, and enters water-drop-shaped structured packing assembly, and carries out at this absorbing the cooling of flue gas, dedusting and pre-desulfurization；The cooling of flue gas chilling and dust-removal and desulfurizing treatment effect are strengthened greatly.And again rush after absorbing liquid contacts with rapids by the flue gas after structured packing, absorbing liquid is dispersed into tiny drop/droplet by the wind-force dissection of gas, and the effect of mass transmitting between gas-liquid two-phase is further strengthened.
2, the Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower of the present invention; use moisture film assembly, it is achieved that the moisture film of pretreatment unit tower wall is protected, decreases the equipment corrosion of pretreatment unit; improve the antiseptic power of material or reduce the consumption of high-grade anticorrosion material, thus significantly reducing construction costs.
3, the process for dusting and dsulfurizing fume of the present invention, it is proposed that desulfurization absorbing liquid concentration grating theory.Hold liquid bath by being respectively provided with at pretreatment unit and advanced treatment unit, define independent Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization system.The pH value being held liquid bath by one-level controls to enter two grades of fresh soda liquid measures holding liquid bath, so that it is guaranteed that two grades of pH value holding liquid bath maintain higher basicity, thus substantially increases desulfurization degree.One-level holds liquid bath and two grades of zonal control holding liquid bath pH value, both ensure that the high efficiency of this fume desulphurization method, and may insure that again the utilization rate that desulfurization absorbing liquid is higher.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention a kind of flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower.
In Fig. 1: 1-moisture film assembly；2-one-level spray system；3-water-drop-shaped structured packing assembly；4-primary cycle pipeline；5-primary cycle pump I；6-one-level holds liquid bath；7-bis-grades holds liquid bath；8-passage；9-secondary cycle pump；10-secondary cycle pipeline；11-filler assembly；Bis-grades of spray systems of 12-；13-demister assembly；14-purifying smoke exports；15-smoke inlet；16-urceolus；17-base plate；18-cylinder；19-turbulent impulse scrubber；20-primary cycle pump II；21-reducing；Edge on 22-cylinder.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the water-drop-shaped structured packing assembly of the present invention.
In Fig. 2: 31-pull bar；32-water-drop-shaped special pipe；33-housing；34-flange, 35-collection section；36-aditus laryngis；37-disperses section；18-cylinder.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the water-drop-shaped shape tube of the present invention.
In Fig. 3: 321-groove.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of straight tube shape deflector type demister in the present invention.
In Fig. 4: 131-tower tray；132-riser；133-straight tube；The 134-tangential flow guiding wing；135-covers plate；136-bar stitches；137-groove.
Detailed description of the invention
Technology contents and the effect of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, the Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower of the present invention includes pretreatment unit and advanced treatment unit, the two constitutes " H " type Double-Tower Structure, wherein said pretreatment unit includes that smoke inlet 15, moisture film assembly 1, one-level spray system 2, water-drop-shaped structured packing assembly 3, turbulent impulse scrubber 19 and one-level hold liquid bath 6 the most successively, described advanced treatment unit includes that two grades are held liquid bath 7, filler assembly 11, demister 13 and purifying smoke outlet 14 the most successively, and pretreatment unit is connected by the exhaust gases passes 8 at middle part with advanced treatment unit.
The Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower of the present invention, wherein said pretreatment unit also includes primary cycle pump I 5, primary cycle pump II 20 and primary cycle pipeline 4；Described advanced treatment unit also includes secondary cycle pump 9, secondary cycle pipeline 10 and two grades of spray systems 12.Described one-level spray system 2 is positioned at the top of water-drop-shaped structured packing assembly 3.Two grades of spray systems 12 are positioned at the top of filler assembly 11, and certain two grades of spray systems 12 can also be positioned at the lower section of filler assembly 11.
In the Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower of the present invention, described moisture film assembly 1 can use the structure of any suitable form in this area.In Fig. 1, moisture film assembly 1 include the cylinder 18 of direct tube section 16, base plate 17 and the pretreatment unit that smoke inlet reducing 21 lower end connects on along 22, defined a cannelure by direct tube section 16, base plate 17 and cylinder along 22, and hold liquid bath 6 by primary cycle pipeline 4, primary cycle pump 5 with one-level and be connected.Wherein the diameter of direct tube section 16 is more than the diameter of cylinder 18.Wherein uncovered along 22(i.e. cannelure on preferred cylinder) preferably employ tooth-shape structure.
The Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower of the present invention, described turbulent impulse scrubber can be selected for any form of rapids and rushes nozzle.As in figure 2 it is shown, the Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower of the present invention, described water-drop-shaped structured packing assembly is connected by pull bar 31 by the water-drop-shaped special pipe 32 of some horizontal positioned in parallel, water-drop-shaped special pipe 32, and is fixed on housing 33.On cylinder 18 inwall, support lugn 34 is set, is used for fixing water-drop-shaped structured packing is installed.Defining a plurality of parallel channels between some parallel water-drop-shaped special pipes 32, constitute gas liquid two-phase flow passage, described passage includes collection section 35, aditus laryngis 36 and dispersion section 37.
As shown in Figure 4, the Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower of the present invention, described straight tube shape deflector type demister includes riser 132 and straight tube 133, and straight tube 133 is arranged on the outside of riser 132, and with riser 132 on the same axis；Riser 132 is fixed on tower tray 131, and the top of riser arranges capping plate 135, and the circumference at riser has some seams 136, provided circumferentially about has the tangential flow guiding wing 134 at the riser near each bar seam.The inner surface (inwall) of straight tube 133 is further opened with groove 137.
During work; high-temperature flue gas through over-quenching lower the temperature after by smoke inlet 15; initially enter pretreatment unit; the primary cycle liquid that one-level is held in liquid bath 6 is flowed to moisture film assembly 1 by primary cycle pump I 5 part; reactor is formed liquid film protection; another part is transported to one-level spray system 2, the first order absorption liquid counter current contacting that high-temperature flue gas sprays with one-level spray system 2, it is achieved preliminary chilling cooling.Flue gas after cooling flows downward with by the continuation of scattered first order absorption liquid stream, enters water-drop-shaped structured packing assembly 3, and completes further at this absorbing the cooling of flue gas, dedusting and pre-desulfurization；Flue gas continues to flow downward, first order absorption liquid counter current contacting with turbulent impulse scrubber 19 ejection, the first order absorption liquid of turbulent impulse scrubber 19 ejection is carried by primary cycle pump II 20, rapids rushes absorbing liquid during declining, it is dispersed into tiny drop/droplet by the wind-force dissection of gas in tower, proceeds cooling, dedusting and pre-desulfurization in this process.
Absorb the first order absorption liquid of sulfur dioxide to fall into one-level and hold liquid bath 6, and recycled by primary cycle pump I 5, primary cycle pump II 20 and primary cycle pipeline 4；And the flue gas after pretreatment unit absorption is under the promotion of upper pressure, enter advanced treatment unit by the passage 8 between pretreatment unit and advanced treatment unit.Flue gas after first order absorption is upwardly through filler assembly 11, and it is fully contacted mass transfer with the two grades of absorbing liquids of two grades of spray systems injection above filler assembly 11 at filler assembly 11, absorb two grades of absorbing liquids of sulfur dioxide to fall into two grades and hold liquid bath 7, and recycled by secondary cycle pump 9 and secondary cycle pipeline 10, complete final sweetening process.By flue gas after the purification of filler assembly 11 by demister 13, after gas-liquid separation, discharge from dedusting and desulfurizing tower exhanst gas outlet 14.
Embodiment 1
Certain high-temperature flue-gas 180 DEG C, tolerance 160000Nm3/ h, SO2Concentration is 500mg/Nm3, dust concentration 100mg/Nm3
Reactor operating condition: operation temperature 170 DEG C, operates pressure normal pressure, and first order absorption liquid pH value is 6～7, and two grades of absorbing liquid pH values are 8～9.Rapids rushes liquid-gas ratio 6:1, and with NaOH solution as absorbent, gas-liquid counter current contacts；Filler assembly operation liquid-gas ratio 3:1.
After processed by the invention, flue-gas temperature 60 DEG C, desulfuration efficiency 98%, efficiency of dust collection 98%.
Claims (22)
1. a Two-way Cycle flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower, it is characterized in that, described desulfurizing tower includes pretreatment unit and advanced treatment unit, the two constitutes " H " type or " u "-shaped Double-Tower Structure, wherein said pretreatment unit includes that smoke inlet, one-level spray system, water-drop-shaped structured packing assembly, turbulent impulse scrubber and one-level hold liquid bath from top to bottom, described advanced treatment unit includes that two grades are held liquid bath, filler assembly, demister and purifying smoke outlet from bottom to top, and pretreatment unit is connected by the exhaust gases passes at middle part with advanced treatment unit；
Described water-drop-shaped structured packing assembly includes that the packing layer that at least one of which is made up of some parallel connections, horizontal positioned water-drop-shaped special pipe, some parallel connections, the water-drop-shaped special pipe of horizontal positioned constitute and multiple have collection section, aditus laryngis and the parallel channels of dispersion section；The both sides tube wall of described water-drop-shaped special pipe bottom offers groove.
2. according to the dedusting and desulfurizing tower described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described water-drop-shaped structured packing assembly includes the packing layer that more than two-layer is made up of some parallel connections, horizontal positioned water-drop-shaped special pipe.
3. according to the dedusting and desulfurizing tower described in claim 2, it is characterised in that the cross section of described water-drop-shaped special pipe is water-drop-shaped, its top is circular arc, and bottom is acute triangle.
4., according to the dedusting and desulfurizing tower described in claim 1, it is characterised in that in described pretreatment unit, the connecting portion on desulfurizing tower Ta Bi top Yu smoke inlet reducing arranges moisture film assembly.
5. according to the dedusting and desulfurizing tower described in claim 4, it is characterised in that arrange endless tube in tower wall surrounding, endless tube arranges the nozzle towards tower wall.
6. according to the dedusting and desulfurizing tower described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described moisture film assembly is overflow-type moisture film assembly, the structure of overflow-type moisture film assembly is: the lower end of smoke inlet reducing connects one section of straight tube, the diameter of this direct tube section is more than the tower diameter of pretreatment unit, forming, at tower wall and reducing connecting portion, the cannelure that a bottom lock, upper end are uncovered, this cannelure is held liquid bath with one-level and is connected by pipeline.
7. according to the dedusting and desulfurizing tower described in claim 6, it is characterised in that the uncovered employing tooth-shape structure of described cannelure.
8. according to the dedusting and desulfurizing tower described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the filler assembly in described advanced treatment unit selects structured packing assembly.
9. according to the dedusting and desulfurizing tower described in claim 8, it is characterised in that described structured packing assembly uses one layer of water-drop-shaped structured packing.
10. according to the dedusting and desulfurizing tower described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described pretreatment unit also includes primary cycle pump I, primary cycle pump II and primary cycle pipeline；Described advanced treatment unit also includes secondary cycle pump, secondary cycle pipeline and two grades of spray systems.
11. according to the dedusting and desulfurizing tower described in claim 2, it is characterised in that adjacent two-layer water-drop-shaped special pipe staggered interval up and down is arranged, and the parallel channels that i.e. special pipe of lower floor's filler and upper strata filler are formed aligns.
12. according to the dedusting and desulfurizing tower described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described demister uses straight tube shape deflector type demister；Straight tube shape deflector type demister includes that several are arranged side by side except mist assembly, each all includes riser and straight tube except mist assembly, and straight tube is arranged on the outside of riser, and with riser on the same axis；Riser is fixed on tower tray, and the top of riser arranges capping plate, and the circumference at riser has some seams, provided circumferentially about has the tangential flow guiding wing at the riser near each bar seam.
13. according to the dedusting and desulfurizing tower described in claim 1, it is characterised in that places floating basket in the one-level of pretreatment unit holds liquid bath, places oxidation catalyst in floating basket.
14. 1 kinds of process for dusting and dsulfurizing fume, it is characterised in that the method use the arbitrary described flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower of claim 1 to 13.
15. according to the process for dusting and dsulfurizing fume described in claim 14, it is characterised in that described method includes herein below:
(1) high-temperature flue gas enters pretreatment unit, after one-level spray system chilling is lowered the temperature, continues with absorbing liquid and stream flows downward, and enters water-drop-shaped structured packing assembly, and carries out at this absorbing the cooling of flue gas, dedusting and pre-desulfurization；
(2) flue gas after step (1) first order absorption is neutral or acid first order absorption liquid counter current contacting with the pH value of turbulent impulse scrubber ejection, proceeds cooling, dedusting and pre-desulfurization；
(3) the first order absorption liquid entrance one-level absorbing sulfur dioxide holds liquid bath, and is recycled by primary cycle pump I, primary cycle pump II and primary cycle pipeline；
(4) flue gas after pretreatment unit absorbs enters advanced treatment unit by exhaust gases passes, upwardly through filler assembly, and with filler assembly above spray system injection pH value in alkalescence two grades of absorbing liquids be fully contacted mass transfer at filler assembly, complete final sweetening process；
(5) by flue gas after the purification of filler assembly by except mist assembly, after gas-liquid separation, discharge from dust-removal and desulfurizing reactor exhanst gas outlet.
16. according to the process for dusting and dsulfurizing fume described in claim 15, it is characterised in that the SO of described flue gas2Concentration is 500～5000mg/Nm3, dust concentration is 100～700mg/Nm3。
17. according to the process for dusting and dsulfurizing fume described in claim 15, it is characterised in that the operating condition of described flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower is: operation temperature be 100～350 DEG C, operation pressure be normal pressure to 1MPa, treatment quantity is 500～1500m3/ h, absorbing liquid circulating load is 0.4m3/ h～7m3/h。
18. according to the process for dusting and dsulfurizing fume described in claim 15, it is characterised in that described absorbing liquid is NaOH solution, Na2CO3Solution, Mg (OH)2Solution or lime water Ca (OH)2。
19. according to the process for dusting and dsulfurizing fume described in claim 15, it is characterised in that the pH value of described first order absorption liquid is between 6～7, and the pH value of two grades of described absorbing liquids is between 8～10.
20. according to the process for dusting and dsulfurizing fume described in claim 16, it is characterised in that the SO of described flue gas2Concentration is 1000～4000mg/Nm3, dust concentration is 200～500mg/Nm3。
21. according to the process for dusting and dsulfurizing fume described in claim 17, it is characterised in that the operating condition of described flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization tower is: operation temperature is 150～200 DEG C, and treatment quantity is 700～1200 m3/ h, absorbing liquid circulating load is 0.5m3/ h～6m3/h。
22. according to the process for dusting and dsulfurizing fume described in claim 18, it is characterised in that described absorbing liquid is NaOH solution.
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| CN105944544A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-09-21 | 北京华福工程有限公司 | Petrochemical acidic tail gas treatment system |
| CN106215660A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2016-12-14 | 灵宝金源晨光有色矿冶有限公司 | SO in a kind of recovery tail gas2system |
| CN111841290A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-10-30 | 浙江浙能技术研究院有限公司 | A multi-mode flue gas carbon dioxide countercurrent absorption test device and test method |
| CN112138503B (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2025-04-22 | 宜春赣锋锂业有限公司 | A lithium slag hydrolysis tail gas treatment device |
| CN114504931B (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2023-06-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Hydrogen sulfide absorbing device and absorbing method |
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