CN104595416B - A kind of separate type damping energy dissipation three-dimensional shock isolation support - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-dimensional shock-isolation support with damping and energy dissipation, which comprises a horizontal shock-isolation unit arranged between a superstructure and a middle cap, and a vertical shock-isolation unit between the middle cap and a foundation cap. The horizontal vibration isolation unit is a vertical lead rubber bearing installed vertically in the axial direction; the vertical vibration isolation unit is connected in parallel by at least two inclined lead rubber bearings of equal size and specification to form a set of spatially symmetrical outwardly expanding cylinders. structure, so that the vertical deformation carried by the vertical shock-isolation unit is transformed into the oblique deformation and outward expansion displacement of the inclined rubber bearing; the upper and lower friction plates are installed between the vertical shock-isolation unit and the middle bearing platform, through the contact surface Frictional sliding provides initial support and dissipates shock/vibration energy. The invention can simultaneously isolate three-way earthquakes and environmental vibrations, effectively control the shock/vibration response and shock/vibration transmission of protected structures or equipment under the earthquake/vibration action, and protect the safety under the earthquake/vibration action.

Description

A three-dimensional shock-isolation bearing with separate damping and energy dissipation

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental vibration and shock resistance and shock absorption, in particular to a separate three-dimensional shock-isolation bearing for damping and energy consumption, which can be used for shock/vibration reduction in ordinary buildings, special structures, bridges, and mechanical equipment.

Background technique

With the development of modern industry and the expansion of urban scale, environmental vibration and noise problems caused by many vibrations such as industrial equipment and rail transit have gradually emerged. Environmental vibration has become one of the seven major public hazards affecting human life and production. Environmental vibration has a serious impact on the physical and mental health of human beings, the comfort of living and the production of precision instruments. For example, subway vibration has an impact on the construction production around the line, the safety of ancient buildings and the living environment of houses. In order to reduce the tiny resonance caused by external disturbance, it is of great significance to carry out anti-vibration design.

Strong earthquakes are one of the serious natural disasters that threaten human beings. The horizontal isolation structure system increases the structural damping by prolonging the natural vibration period of the superstructure, reduces the seismic response of the structure, and ensures that the superstructure can still be in an elastic state or remain in the initial state of elastic-plastic deformation during a major earthquake. Seismic isolation technology not only ensures the safety of the structure itself, but also protects the internal equipment and facilities of the structure from damage.

For the three-dimensional seismic isolation device that simultaneously isolates earthquakes and vibrations, due to the coupling of horizontal and vertical vibrations, the seismic isolation device has become an international problem. At present, there have been many attempts to mitigate horizontal and vertical seismic actions by inventing an undefined three-dimensional isolation bearing. Many three-dimensional vibration isolators have been tested for feasibility, mainly using air springs and hydraulic oil for vertical vibration isolation. Many three-dimensional isolation devices have good vertical isolation performance or damping performance. But the drawbacks of these devices are not negligible, as they are very expensive and relatively bulky, limiting their mass production possibilities.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a separate damping and energy-dissipating three-dimensional seismic isolation support, which can simultaneously isolate three-dimensional ground motion and environmental vibration. The protected structure or equipment, the seismic/vibration response and seismic/vibration transmission under the action of earthquake/vibration have been effectively controlled to protect the safety under the action of earthquake/vibration.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, design of the present invention is as follows:

A separate damping energy-dissipating three-dimensional shock-isolation support, including a horizontal shock-isolation unit arranged between the upper structure and the middle cap, a vertical shock-isolation unit between the middle cap and the foundation cap, and the upper surface of the device Anchored with the upper structure, and anchored with the inclined foundation cap on the lower surface, specifically:

The horizontal vibration isolation unit is a lead rubber bearing installed vertically in the axial direction. One end of the lead rubber bearing is fixedly connected to the upper structure, and the other end is fixedly connected to the middle bearing platform to form a horizontal vibration isolation device. The seat bears the vertical load from the superstructure, and the horizontal vibration isolation is realized through the horizontal deformation of the lead rubber bearing.

There are upper and lower friction plates between the vertical shock-isolation unit and the middle cap, and the number of friction plates is the same as the number of lead rubber bearings in the vertical shock-isolation unit. The upper friction plate is fixedly connected with the middle bearing platform, and the lower friction plate is connected with the corresponding connecting corner block. The contact surfaces of the upper and lower friction plates are made of friction materials, and the coefficient of friction can be adjusted within a certain range by using different materials. Under the action of vertical load, the vertical shock-isolation unit expands outward, which drives the friction plate to slide relative to each other. The friction between the contact surfaces can provide a certain initial support force for the upper structure, and at the same time play a role in energy dissipation.

The vertical seismic isolation unit is connected in parallel by at least two lead rubber bearings of equal size and specifications. The lead rubber bearings are inclined at the same angle, and their horizontal positions are arranged symmetrically to the center. Calculate and determine the vertical displacement required for seismic isolation and adjust it between 0°-90° to form a set of spatially symmetrical outwardly expanding cylindrical structures. When the vertical vibration isolation unit adopts three or more lead core rubber bearings, the projections of each inclined bearing on the same horizontal section are evenly arranged on the same circle, and the diameter of the circle depends on the horizontal size of the vibration isolation device. The size, the oblique displacement distance of the inclined support and the horizontal size of the horizontal isolation unit are determined. The upper end of the inclined support is fixedly connected with the rigid connection corner block, the angle of the connection corner block is the same as the inclination angle of the lead rubber support, and the upper surface of the corner block is kept horizontal. Under the action of vertical load, the inclined lead rubber bearing undergoes oblique deformation, the vertical shock-isolation unit expands outward, and the bearing as a whole undergoes vertical elastic deformation, thereby realizing the delayed response and buffering of external vertical excitation Transmission, so as to achieve vertical vibration isolation.

According to above-mentioned inventive concept, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

A separate three-dimensional damping and energy-dissipating shock-isolation support, including an upper structure, a middle cap, a lower foundation cap, a horizontal shock-isolation support, an upper friction plate, a lower friction plate, a horizontal limit block, a connecting corner block, vertical shock-isolation support; the upper structure is connected with the horizontal shock-isolation support by bolts; the horizontal shock-isolation support is fixed on the middle bearing platform; the middle bearing platform is fixedly connected with the upper friction plate; The friction plates are in contact and can slide freely; the connecting corner blocks are triangular prisms, which are respectively fixedly connected to the lower friction plate and the vertical shock-isolation support; the vertical shock-isolation support is fixed on the lower foundation platform by bolts; the foundation The surface of the bearing platform has a certain inclination angle, which is the same as the angle of the connecting corner block, so that the upper surface of the connecting corner block remains horizontal; the horizontal limit stopper is fixedly connected with the middle bearing platform to prevent the upper friction plate and the lower friction plate from being integrated. Swipe horizontally in the same direction.

At least two vertical shock-isolation supports are used, and their horizontal positions are arranged symmetrically to the center. According to the specific design requirements, 2 to 10 are placed symmetrically on the circumference to form a group of spatially symmetrical outwardly expanding cylindrical structures.

The vertical seismic isolation bearing adopts lead rubber bearing, and every two vertical seismic isolation bearings are placed in the shape of "eight" or "V" with the horizontal line and placed inclined at the same angle. The load and the vertical displacement required for seismic isolation are calculated and determined, and adjusted between 0°-90°; when subjected to vertical pressure, the upper friction plate and the lower friction plate undergo a symmetrical outward expansion relative sliding, and the vertical vibration isolation The bearing undergoes compression-shear deformation.

The contact surfaces of the upper friction plate and the lower friction plate are made of friction materials, and the friction coefficients of different materials vary within a certain range.

The horizontal shock-isolation bearing is a lead rubber bearing. The diameter of the horizontal shock-isolation support is larger than that of the vertical shock-isolation support.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following obvious outstanding substantive features and significant advantages:

1. The horizontal shock-isolation unit of the present invention provides relatively small horizontal stiffness, and the inclined lead rubber bearing provides relatively small vertical stiffness through oblique compression-shear deformation, and the shock-isolation device can realize isolation of horizontal and vertical earthquakes or vibrations function, so as to achieve the purpose of three-dimensional shock absorption/vibration. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device of the present invention can protect the upper structure when there are horizontal and vertical vibrations and vibrations, so that the vibration transmission of the vibration equipment can be effectively attenuated, and is suitable for earthquake and vibration protection of building structures and large equipment;

2. The present invention can adjust the inclination angle of the inclined lead rubber bearing, and adjust the coefficient of friction by changing the material of the contact surface of the friction plate, thereby adapting to different displacements and loads, and can adjust the composition of the device. The relationship between size and bearing capacity is not constant, and different loads can be met without changing its size;

3. The present invention designs the upper and lower friction plates. In a balanced state, the static friction force of the contact surface can provide a certain vertical initial stiffness; when shock/vibration occurs under external excitation, it can play a frictional and energy-dissipating effect, which is remarkable Speed up the attenuation rate of shock/vibration and enhance the shock isolation effect;

4. In the present invention, the vertical shock-isolation unit and the horizontal shock-isolation unit adopt a separate structure, which can be freely combined to meet different engineering needs in specific cases. In some cases, one of the units can be used alone to meet specific needs.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a three-dimensional shock-isolation bearing of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional seismic isolation bearing according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of connecting corner blocks of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lead rubber bearing of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the vertical shock-isolation bearing and the upper and lower friction plates of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional shock-isolation bearing according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

detailed description

Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail as follows:

Example 1:

Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, a three-dimensional shock-isolation bearing with separate damping and energy dissipation includes an upper structure 1, a middle bearing platform 2, a lower foundation bearing platform 3, a horizontal vibration-isolation bearing 4, an upper friction plate 5, and a lower friction plate. Plate 6, horizontal limit block 7, connecting corner block 8, vertical shock-isolation support 9; the upper structure 1 is connected to the horizontal shock-isolation support 3 by bolts; the horizontal shock-isolation support 3 is fixed on the middle platform 2 above; the middle bearing platform 2 is fixedly connected with the upper friction plate 5; the upper friction plate 5 is in contact with the lower friction plate 6 and can slide freely; the connecting corner block 8 is a triangular prism, and is fixedly connected with the lower friction plate 6 and the lower friction plate 6 respectively. Vertical vibration isolation support 9; the vertical vibration isolation support 9 is fixed on the lower foundation cap 3 by bolts; the surface of the foundation cap 3 has a certain inclination angle, which is the same as the angle of the connecting corner block 8, Keep the upper surface of the connecting corner block 8 horizontal; the horizontal limit block 7 is fixedly connected with the middle platform 2 to prevent the upper friction plate 5 and the lower friction plate 6 from sliding relative to each other in the same direction.

The contact surfaces of the upper friction plate 5 and the lower friction plate 6 are made of friction materials, and the friction coefficients of different materials vary within a certain range.

The horizontal vibration-isolation bearing 4 is a lead rubber bearing. The diameter of the horizontal vibration-isolation support 4 is larger than the vertical vibration-isolation support 9 .

Example 2:

This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, and the special features are as follows: As shown in Figure 6, three vertical shock-isolation supports 9 are used in this embodiment, and their horizontal positions are arranged symmetrically to the center to form a set of Spatially symmetrical outwardly expanding cylindrical structure. The vertical vibration isolation bearing 9 adopts lead core rubber bearing, and every two vertical vibration isolation bearings 9 are in the shape of "eight" with the horizontal line, and are placed obliquely at the same angle, and the inclination angle is according to the vertical The vertical displacement required for the load and vibration isolation is calculated and determined, and adjusted between 0°-90°; when subjected to vertical pressure, the upper friction plate 5 and the lower friction plate 6 undergo a symmetrical outward expansion relative sliding, and the vertical isolation The shock bearing 9 undergoes compression-shear deformation.

Under the action of vertical load, the inclined vertical isolation support 9 undergoes oblique deformation, the vertical isolation unit undergoes outward expansion movement, and the support as a whole undergoes vertical elastic deformation, thereby realizing a delayed response to external vertical excitation and buffer transmission, so as to achieve vertical isolation, because the separate damping and energy-dissipating three-dimensional isolation device in this embodiment can meet different loads without changing its size, so the relationship between the size and bearing capacity of the three-dimensional isolation device is not the same. is not constant.

Claims (5)

1. A separate three-dimensional damping and energy-dissipating seismic isolation bearing, comprising an upper structure (1), a middle cap (2), a lower foundation cap (3), a horizontal seismic isolation bearing (4), and an upper friction plate ( 5), lower friction plate (6), horizontal limit block (7), connecting corner block (8), vertical vibration isolation support (9); it is characterized in that: the upper structure (1) is separated from the horizontal isolation The shock support (4) is connected by bolts; the horizontal shock isolation support (4) is fixed on the middle bearing platform (2); the middle bearing platform (2) is fixedly connected with the upper friction plate (5); the upper friction plate ( 5) It is in contact with the lower friction plate (6) and can slide freely; the connecting corner block (8) is a triangular prism, which is fixedly connected to the lower friction plate (6) and the vertical shock-isolation support (9); The seismic support (9) is fixed on the lower foundation cap (3) by bolts; the surface of the foundation cap (3) has a certain inclination angle, which is the same as the angle of the connecting corner block (8), so that the connecting angle The upper surface of the block (8) is kept horizontal; the horizontal limit block (7) is fixedly connected with the middle cap (2) to prevent the upper friction plate (5) and the lower friction plate (6) from sliding relative to each other in the same direction; At least two vertical shock-isolation supports (9) are used, and their horizontal positions are arranged symmetrically to the center. According to specific design requirements, 2 to 10 are placed symmetrically on the circumference to form a group of spatially symmetrical outwardly expanding cylindrical structures. 2. A separate damping and energy-dissipating three-dimensional shock-isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: said vertical shock-isolation bearing (9) adopts a lead-core rubber bearing, and every two vertical isolation bearings Seismic support (9) and the horizontal line are in the shape of "eight" or "V" and placed obliquely at the same angle. The inclination angle is calculated and determined according to the vertical load of the superstructure (1) and the vertical displacement required for seismic isolation. Adjust between 0°-90°; when subjected to vertical pressure, the upper friction plate (5) and the lower friction plate (6) undergo a symmetrical outward expansion and relative sliding, and the vertical shock-isolation support (9) undergoes compression-shear deformation . 3. A separate damping energy-dissipating three-dimensional shock-isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the contact surfaces of the upper friction plate (5) and the lower friction plate (6) are made of friction materials, and different materials The coefficient of friction varies within a certain range. 4. A separate damping energy-dissipating three-dimensional shock-isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the horizontal shock-isolation bearing (4) is a lead-core rubber bearing. 5. A separate damping energy-dissipating three-dimensional shock-isolation support according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of the horizontal shock-isolation support (4) is larger than the vertical shock-isolation support (9).