CN104588792A - Automatic pipe fitting tapping machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-automatic pipe fitting tapping machine which comprises a motor, a transmission mechanism, a loading mechanism, a tapping mechanism and an electric control screen, wherein the loading mechanism comprises a manipulator and a clamping frame, the tapping mechanism comprises a main shaft, a screw tap chuck, a feeding device and a limiting device, the tapping mechanism is provided with a tapping protection device, the tapping protection device comprises a hollow push rod and a matched gland, the main shaft is provided with a shaft shoulder in a conical surface, two ends of the hollow push rod are inwards concave to form the conical surface and are respectively matched with the outer side surface of the shaft shoulder and the inner side surface of the gland, and the gland and the main shaft are in splined connection and are fixed in axial positions by nuts. According to the invention, the feeding of the screw tap is completed by the sliding of the first gear on the sliding gear, the tapping distance is controlled by the limit switch, the processing precision is improved, the main shaft is matched with the hollow push rod, the screw tap is effectively prevented from being broken due to overlarge resistance, the failure rate of the screw tap and a machine tool is reduced, each tapping mechanism can independently act, and the automation degree is high.

Description

Automatic pipe fitting tapping machine

technical field

The invention relates to processing equipment for internal threads of pipe fittings, in particular to a fully automatic pipe fitting tapping machine.

Background technique

Pipe fitting internal and external thread tapping machine is a kind of processing equipment commonly used by pipe fitting manufacturers. It usually adopts single-head or three-head tapping type tapping. Generally, the feed power is provided by single-directional tapping, and the driving motor and gear are provided. Rotary power to complete the pipe fitting tapping operation. The main shaft where the tap is located generally adopts a spline design, but due to the huge dynamic torque during the tapping process, the friction on the main shaft is also large, and because there is no protective device in the tapping mechanism, there is a huge impact during the tapping process. The force is very easy to break the tap and damage the machine tool, and it is easy to cause damage to the machine tool parts. Taking the current three-head tapping machine as an example, its biggest defect is that the power of the tapping mechanism cannot be independently controlled, and there is no protection device. Collision can only work normally by shortening the tap, but it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy of tapping, so there are defects such as high scrap rate, high failure rate, low production efficiency, large energy consumption, and high labor cost.

Contents of the invention

The problems to be solved by the patent of the invention are the problems of high failure rate, low degree of automation and high energy consumption of existing pipe fitting tapping machines.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a fully automatic pipe fitting tapping machine, including a motor, a transmission mechanism, a loading mechanism, a tapping mechanism and an electrical control panel. The loading mechanism includes a manipulator and a clamp Holder, the tapping mechanism includes a main shaft, a tap chuck fixed on the front end of the main shaft, a feed device and a limit device for controlling the movement of the main shaft, and the main shaft runs through the two sides of the main shaft box:

The tapping mechanism is provided with a tapping protection device, the tapping protection device includes a hollow push rod and a matching gland, the main shaft is provided with a tapered shoulder, and the two ends of the hollow push rod All are concave inward to form a tapered surface, and are respectively matched with the outer surface of the shaft shoulder and the inner surface of the gland, and the gland is connected to the main shaft by a spline and the axial position is fixed by a nut;

The transmission mechanism includes a pulley and a sliding gear arranged on the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is linked with the motor through the pulley, and the middle part of the main shaft is provided with a first gear, and the first gear meshes with the sliding gear , a bearing seat is provided on the rear side of the first gear;

The limit device includes a limit travel rod, a limit switch arranged on the limit travel rod, the inner end of the limit travel rod extends into the spindle box, and passes through the bearing seat and the The main shaft is linked on the longitudinal movement;

Each of the tapping mechanisms is equipped with one motor respectively, and the number of the tapping mechanisms is 3 groups, wherein one group is symmetrical to the left and right in the horizontal direction, and one group is vertically arranged in the middle.

In the above-mentioned fully automatic pipe fitting tapping machine, the feeding device includes a cylinder and a piston shaft slidably arranged inside the cylinder, and the hollow push rod is rotatably arranged at the center of the piston shaft.

In the above-mentioned automatic pipe fitting tapping machine, a constant pitch nut and a constant pitch screw are arranged inside the piston shaft.

In the above automatic pipe fitting tapping machine, the cylinder includes a cylinder liner, a left cover plate and a right cover plate, and the left cover plate is fixed to the headstock.

In the above automatic pipe fitting tapping machine, the limit switch is provided with a first locking position and a second locking position.

In the above-mentioned fully automatic pipe fitting tapping machine, the manipulator includes a base, a sliding shaft and a gripper, the first cylinder controlling the height of the sliding shaft is vertically arranged on the sliding shaft, and one end of the second cylinder is provided with a An active joint for controlling the rotation of the sliding shaft, the active joint is connected with the bottom of the sliding shaft.

In the above-mentioned fully automatic pipe fitting tapping machine, the clamping frame is provided with a workpiece clamping position, a first oil cylinder and a second oil cylinder, and the first oil cylinder is arranged on one side of the workpiece clamping position for clamping For the workpiece, the second oil cylinder is arranged at the bottom of the clamping frame and is used to move the position of the clamping frame.

In the above automatic pipe fitting tapping machine, the rear end of the main shaft is further provided with a dust cover, and the dust cover is fixedly connected with the right cover plate.

In the present invention, each tapping mechanism can act independently, and can process the workpiece synchronously or at intervals, with a high degree of automation. The feed of the tap is completed by sliding the first gear on the sliding gear, and the tapping is controlled by the limit switch. distance, which greatly improves the machining accuracy, and there is a tapered shoulder on the main shaft, which cooperates with the push rod with concave tapered surfaces at both ends. Due to the large resistance on the tap during the tapping process, correspondingly, the hollow push rod The thrust of the rod to the main shaft is also large, and the hollow push rod will have a small displacement in the same direction as the feed direction relative to the main shaft, and the tightness with the gland will be reduced. Therefore, when the thrust is too large, the pressure of the disc spring and the gland on the hollow push rod It will be greatly reduced, causing the hollow push rod to be unable to apply greater thrust to the shoulder of the main shaft, and can only slip and circle around the main shaft, thereby effectively preventing the tap from being broken due to excessive resistance and reducing the failure rate of the tap and the machine tool. The operation is convenient, the processing process is stable, and the processing accuracy is high, which greatly improves the production efficiency, saves a lot of costs, and has good practicability.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the front sectional view of tapping mechanism of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a top sectional view of Figure 3;

Fig. 5 is the structural enlargement diagram of manipulator;

Figure 6 is an enlarged view of the structure of the clamping frame;

Figure 7 is an exploded view of the structure of the tapping protection device;

Fig. 8 is an exploded view of the structure of the feeding device.

detailed description

The invention provides a fully automatic pipe fitting tapping machine with low failure rate and high processing precision. The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the fully automatic pipe tapping machine provided by the present invention includes a motor 100, a transmission mechanism 600, a loading mechanism, a tapping mechanism 400 and an electrical control panel 500, and the loading mechanism includes a manipulator 200 and a clamping frame 300 . In this embodiment, there are three groups of tapping mechanisms 400, one group is symmetrical to the left and right in the horizontal direction, and one group is vertically arranged in the middle. The electric control panel 500 can be used to control the opening and closing of the equipment and the working parameters of various mechanisms.

As shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, manipulator 200 comprises base 210, sliding shaft 220 and gripper 230, and first air cylinder 240 is vertically arranged on sliding shaft 220, is used to control the height of sliding shaft 220, and the height of second air cylinder 250 One end is provided with a movable joint 251 , and the movable joint 251 extends into the base 210 and is connected with the bottom of the sliding shaft 220 for controlling the rotation of the sliding shaft 220 . After starting, the first cylinder 240 descends to make the gripper 230 contact the workpiece. After the gripper 230 grabs the workpiece, the first cylinder 240 rises to drive the gripper 230 to rise, the second cylinder 250 rotates the gripper 230, and the first cylinder 240 descends again. The gripper 230 places the workpiece on the holder. After the workpiece is tightened, the gripper 230 releases the workpiece, and the first cylinder 240 rises again to prepare for the next workpiece to be taken. After the workpiece is processed, the next workpiece is placed, and the above process is repeated to ensure uninterrupted automatic production.

The clamping frame 300 is provided with a workpiece clamping position 310, a first oil cylinder 320 and a second oil cylinder 330. The first oil cylinder 310 is arranged on one side of the workpiece clamping position 310 for clamping the workpiece. The second oil cylinder 330 is located on the clamping position The bottom of the rack 300 is used to move the position of the clamping rack 300 . The design of the clamping frame 300 can satisfy the processing of various kinds of pipe fittings, and the degree of clamping and the position of the workpiece clamping position 310 can be determined according to the size and structure of the pipe fitting itself, which has high practicability.

As shown in Figures 3, 4, 7 and 8, the tapping mechanism 400 includes a main shaft 420, a tap chuck 410, a feed device 440 for controlling the movement of the main shaft 420, a limit device 430, and a tapping protection device 450. The chuck 410 is arranged at the front end of the main shaft 420, and the front end of the tap chuck 410 is also provided with a movable tap ring 411 and a nut 412, and a steel ball 413 is also provided for fixing the tap. Taps can be selected according to the appropriate model, and can process a variety of pipe fittings. One end of the main shaft 420 near the tap is rotated and arranged on the support seat of the main shaft box 710. The main shaft 420 is provided with a sliding sleeve 415, and the axial sliding sleeve 415 is provided with a double bearing 416, and the double bearing 416 is arranged on the support seat, so as to ensure For the flexibility of the rotation of the main shaft 410, the cover passes through the main shaft 420 and closely fits with the main shaft box 710, and an oil seal 414 is arranged in the cover to ensure the lubrication and cleaning of the main shaft 420.

The main shaft 420 runs through the main shaft box 710 and the transmission gearbox 720 , and the middle part of the main shaft 420 is provided with a first gear 421 . The transmission mechanism 600 includes a transmission shaft provided with a pulley 620 for linkage with the motor 100 , and a sliding gear 610 is also provided on the transmission shaft. The first gear 421 meshes with the sliding gear 610, and the gear set in the transmission gear box 720 constitutes the transmission mechanism 600, which is used to adjust the speed of the main shaft 420. After the motor 100 is turned on, the main shaft 420 is rotated at a predetermined speed through the transmission mechanism 600, and can Different transmission modes are set according to the feeding and retracting of the taps, so that the taps can be fed slowly and retracted quickly, and the processing efficiency can be improved.

The feeding device 440 includes a cylinder, a piston shaft 445 slidingly arranged inside the cylinder, and the cylinder includes a cylinder liner 441, a left cover 442, a collar 444 and a right cover 443, and the left cover 442 is fixed with the headstock. The cylinder and the piston shaft 445 are used to control the displacement of the main shaft 420, so that the main shaft 420 drives the tap to complete the feeding and retreating actions.

The tapping protection device 450 includes a hollow push rod 454 and a matching gland 451. The main shaft 420 is provided with a tapered shaft shoulder 423. The outer surface of 423 and the inner surface of gland 451 are matched. Gland 451 and main shaft 420 are connected by splines and the axial position is fixed by nut 453. Two disc springs 452 are used to maintain the tension between nut 453 and gland 451. stability. The rear end of the main shaft 420 is also provided with a dust cover 460 , and the dust cover 460 is fixedly connected with the right cover plate 443 . The hollow push rod 454 is rotatably arranged at the center of the piston shaft 445, and a collar 444 is provided to ensure that the hollow push rod 454 and the piston shaft 445 keep synchronously when moving longitudinally. , used to precisely control the feed distance of the spindle 420 and the tap. During the production process, when the tap is tapping, it will be subjected to great resistance from the workpiece, and the force of the hollow push rod 454 to push the main shaft 420 forward will also increase, and the hollow push rod 454 will have a slight deviation from the feed direction relative to the main shaft 420. With the same displacement, the tightness with the gland 451 is reduced, so when the thrust is too large, the pressure of the disc spring 452 and the gland 451 on the hollow push rod 454 is greatly reduced, resulting in the hollow push rod 454 being unable to press against the shaft shoulder 423 of the main shaft. Applying a greater thrust can only slip and circle around the main shaft 420, thereby effectively preventing the tap from being broken due to excessive resistance and reducing the failure rate.

The limit device 430 includes a limit travel rod 431, a limit switch 432 arranged on the limit travel rod 431, the limit switch 432 is provided with a first stop and a second stop, respectively corresponding to the forward feed and the feed of the main shaft 420. Limit position for backward retraction. The main shaft 420 is provided with a bearing seat 422 on the rear side of the first gear 421. The bearing seat 422 does not rotate with the main shaft 420, but only keeps synchronous with the main shaft 420 in longitudinal movement. The inner end of the limit stroke rod 431 extends into the main shaft box, and is linked with the main shaft 420 through the bearing seat 422 .

After the device is started, the transmission shaft is linked with the motor 100 through the pulley 620, and the main shaft is rotated by meshing with the first gear 421 through the sliding gear 610. When tapping, the piston shaft 445 produces a longitudinal displacement under the action of the internal equal pitch screw and the equal pitch nut, and the hollow push rod 454 moves synchronously with the piston shaft 445, and pushes the main shaft 420 through the taper surface to make the tap move forward. The movement taps the workpiece while the first gear 421 slides on the sliding gear 610 to maintain the stability of feeding. After the tapping is completed, the piston shaft 445 drives the hollow push rod 454 and the main shaft 420 to retreat backward. The feed and retraction distances are controlled by the limit switch 432. When the clamping point of the limit stroke rod 431 enters the first clamping position, the main shaft 420 moves forward to the limit position, and the tapping is stopped, and the electrical control system drives the motor 100 The reverse rotation makes the tap reverse and withdraw from the inside of the workpiece; when the clamping point of the limit stroke rod 431 enters the second clamping position, the main shaft 420 retreats back to the limit position, stops retreating, and then the tap rotates forward for the next tapping. Si prepare.

In the present invention, each tapping mechanism can act independently, and can process the workpiece synchronously or at intervals, with a high degree of automation, and the feed of the tap is completed by sliding the first gear on the sliding gear, which ensures the stability of the tapping process , and the tapping distance is controlled by the limit switch, which greatly improves the machining accuracy, and there is a tapered shoulder on the spindle, which cooperates with the hollow push rod with concave tapered surfaces at both ends. Correspondingly, the thrust of the hollow push rod on the main shaft is also large, and the hollow push rod will have a small displacement in the same direction as the feed direction relative to the main shaft, and the tightness with the gland will decrease. Therefore, when the thrust is too large, the disc The pressure of the spring and the gland on the hollow push rod will be greatly reduced, so that the hollow push rod cannot exert more thrust on the shaft shoulder of the main shaft, and can only slip and circle around the main shaft, thereby effectively preventing the tap from being broken due to excessive resistance , reducing the failure rate of taps and machine tools.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned best implementation mode, and anyone should know that any structural changes made under the inspiration of the present invention, and any technical solutions that are identical or similar to the present invention, all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. Fully automatic pipe fitting tapping machine, comprising a motor, a transmission mechanism, a loading mechanism, a tapping mechanism and an electrical control panel, the loading mechanism includes a manipulator and a clamping frame, and the tapping mechanism includes a main shaft fixed on the main shaft The tap chuck at the front end, the feed device and the limit device for controlling the movement of the main shaft, the main shaft runs through the two sides of the main shaft box, and it is characterized in that: The tapping mechanism is provided with a tapping protection device, the tapping protection device includes a hollow push rod and a matching gland, the main shaft is provided with a tapered shoulder, and the two ends of the hollow push rod All are concave inward to form a tapered surface, and are respectively matched with the outer surface of the shaft shoulder and the inner surface of the gland, and the gland is connected to the main shaft by a spline and the axial position is fixed by a nut; The transmission mechanism includes a pulley and a sliding gear arranged on the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is linked with the motor through the pulley, and the middle part of the main shaft is provided with a first gear, and the first gear meshes with the sliding gear , a bearing seat is provided on the rear side of the first gear; The limit device includes a limit travel rod, a limit switch arranged on the limit travel rod, the inner end of the limit travel rod extends into the spindle box, and passes through the bearing seat and the The main shaft is linked on the longitudinal movement; The number of the tapping mechanism is 3 groups, wherein one group is symmetrical to the left and right in the horizontal direction, and one group is vertically arranged in the middle. Each tapping mechanism is equipped with a motor and an electric control panel respectively. 2. The fully automatic pipe fitting tapping machine according to claim 1, wherein the feeding device comprises a cylinder and a piston shaft slidingly arranged inside the cylinder, and the hollow push rod is rotatably arranged on the piston the center of the axis. 3. The fully automatic pipe fitting tapping machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, a constant pitch nut and a constant pitch screw are arranged inside the piston shaft. 4. The fully automatic pipe fitting tapping machine according to claim 3, wherein the cylinder comprises a cylinder liner, a left cover plate and a right cover plate, and the left cover plate is fixed to the headstock. 5. The fully automatic pipe fitting tapping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, the limit switch is provided with a first locking position and a second locking position. 6. The fully automatic pipe fitting tapping machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the manipulator comprises a base, a sliding shaft and a gripper, and the first cylinder controlling the height of the sliding shaft is vertically arranged on the sliding shaft Above, one end of the second cylinder is provided with a movable joint for controlling the rotation of the sliding shaft, and the movable joint is connected with the bottom of the sliding shaft. 7. The fully automatic pipe fitting tapping machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the clamping frame is provided with a workpiece clamping position, a first oil cylinder and a second oil cylinder, and the first oil cylinder is arranged on the workpiece One side of the clamping position is used for clamping the workpiece, and the second oil cylinder is arranged at the bottom of the clamping frame and is used for moving the position of the clamping frame. 8. The fully automatic pipe fitting tapping machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, the rear end of the main shaft is further provided with a dust cover, and the dust cover is fixedly connected with the right cover plate.