CN1045644A - 外取热器 - Google Patents
外取热器 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1045644A CN1045644A CN90101048.0A CN90101048A CN1045644A CN 1045644 A CN1045644 A CN 1045644A CN 90101048 A CN90101048 A CN 90101048A CN 1045644 A CN1045644 A CN 1045644A
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014171 carbonated beverage Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000772415 Neovison vison Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D13/00—Heat-exchange apparatus using a fluidised bed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
- B01J38/04—Gas or vapour treating; Treating by using liquids vaporisable upon contacting spent catalyst
- B01J38/12—Treating with free oxygen-containing gas
- B01J38/30—Treating with free oxygen-containing gas in gaseous suspension, e.g. fluidised bed
- B01J38/32—Indirectly heating or cooling material within regeneration zone or prior to entry into regeneration zone
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/1836—Heating and cooling the reactor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/1881—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles with particles moving downwards while fluidised
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
本发明是一种由多个单元管束和壳体组成的外取热器。每个单元管束由给水管、集水管箱、取热管、集汽管箱和排气管等组成。每个单元管束构成一个独立的汽水回路,可以任意开闭。给水通入管束单元内部,从流经壳体的高温催化剂中取走热量,汽化后经排汽管排出。催化剂以密相形式自上而下流动并被冷却。这种外取热器能有效地控制石油催化裂化过程的操作温度,具有抗磨损能力强,操作可靠,制造方便,价格低廉等优点。
Description
本发明属于石油化工工艺设备。
外取热器是石油化工领域中重质油催化裂化装置的关键设备之一。重油裂化过程是在催化剂作用下进行的,外取热器的作用是取走重油催化裂化过程中过剩的热量并产生蒸汽,同时使高温催化剂得到冷却,从而将工艺过程的温度控制在一定范围内。经专利检索,还没有找到一种适合于重油催化裂化装置用的较理想的外取热器,仅有两种一般烃类催化裂化装置用的催化剂冷却器。如U.S.2,428,914和U.S.2,707,701所述,一种是围绕催化剂螺旋输送管道外侧的催化剂冷却器;另一种是置于再生器内部的冷却盘管。这些催化剂冷却器存在传热效率低、结构庞大、调节不灵活等缺点,难于满足重油催化裂化装置中取热负荷大,必须具备尺寸紧凑、安装方便、操作灵活、运行可靠等要求。
本发明的目的在于设计一种新型的外取热器,代替上述的催化剂冷却器。本发明的外取热器由管束和壳体组成,每个单元管束由给水管、集水管箱、取热管、集汽管箱和排汽管组成的汽水回路,高温催化剂从取热管外侧流过时,其热量被汽水混合物取走,它能有效地控制和调节重油催化裂化过程所要求的温度,并且具有运行可靠、加工方便和造价低廉等优点。
这种外取热器如图1所示,由多个单元管束和壳体组成,根据装置取热量的大小选择管束单元数量。每个单元管束或称取热元件是由给水管(1)、集水管箱(2)、取热管(4-1)、(4-2)、集汽管箱(3)和排汽管(5)等组成的封闭式管束结构,每个单元管束构成一个独立的汽水回路,可任意开闭。壳体(6)为钢制并在内壁衬隔热耐磨衬里,壳体上开有催化剂入口管(7)、出口管(8)、流化汽体入口(11)和气体返回口(12)等。为保证每个单元管束中各支路的循环流率基本一致,如图2、图3要求侧枝单个取热管(4-1)流动截面A1与中心取热套管(4-2)环形流动截面A2的面积比应保持在A1/A2=0.5~1.5之间。每个单元管束与外取热器壳体封头(10)的固定采用垂直水冷壁自承结构,每个单元管束的排汽管(5)牢固地焊接在壳体封头(10)的顶部,使每个管束的排汽管既是取热元件的一部分,又兼作吊架用,并在壳体筒壁的适当位置焊接若干数量的导向支架(9),借以限制单元管束横向位移。在外取热器下部设有流化气体分配器(13)。
在这种外取热器中,高温催化剂以密相形式自上而下流动,水从给水管(1)先进入集水管箱(2),然后往上流动通过取热管(4-1)、(4-2)汽化后进入集汽管箱(3),再由排汽管(5)排出,从而完成整个取热过程。流化气体(可为空气或其它不燃气体)经由开口(11)引入,经流化气体分配器(13)进入外取热器,促使进入外取热器的固体催化剂处于流化状态,流化气体从外取热器上部经返回口(12)排出。
这种外取热器取热能力强,可有效地控制重油催化裂化过程的操作温度;由于采用了多个单元管束,每个可任意开闭,能适应各种不同取热量的要求;在这种外取热器内,催化剂在壳体中以密相状态自上而下流动,流速比较低,因而磨损小,操作寿命长;由于单元管束管件的承压能力较高,并且吊架采用水冷壁自支承结构,因而可以节省金属材料,降低造价。
实施例:
热负荷 Q=2700×104W
催化剂入口温度 750 ℃
催化剂出口温度 650 ℃
蒸汽压力 4.2 MPa
总传热系数 370~460 W/m2.°K
传热面积A 160 m2
单元管束面积 8 m2
管束单元数 20
取热管长度 6 m
附图说明:
附图1:外取热器结构图
附图2:集水管箱内部结构
附图3:集汽管箱内部结构
图中编号:
1-给水管 7-催化剂入口
2-集水管箱 8-催化剂出口管
3-集汽管箱 9-导向支架
4-1-侧枝取热管 10-封头
4-2-中心取热套 11-流化气体入口
5-排汽管 12-流化气体返回口
6-壳体 13-流化气体分配器
A1-侧枝取热管横向截面积
A2-中心取热套管环形截面积
Claims (6)
1、一种由管束和壳体组成的外取热器,其特征在于有多个单元管束,每个单元管束是由给水管(1)、集水管箱(2)、取热管(4-1)、(4-2)、集汽管箱(3)和排汽管(5)等组成的封闭式管束结构,每个单元管束构成一个独立的汽水回路,可以任意开闭。
2、如权利要求1所述的外取热器,壳体(6)为钢制并在内壁衬隔热耐磨衬里,壳体上开有催化剂入口管(7)、出口管(8)、流化气体入口(11)和气体返回口(12),催化剂以密相形式自上而下流动。
3、如权利要求1和2所述的外取热器,其特征在于侧枝单个取热管(4-1)流通截面A1与中心取热套管(4-2)环形流通截面A2的面积比在0.5~1.5之间。
4、如权利要求1或2所述的外取热器,其特征在于每个单元管束与壳体封头(10)的固定采用垂直水冷壁自支承结构;排汽管(5)兼作管束支吊架,焊接在封头(10)的顶部。
5、如权利要求1和2所述的外取热器,其特征在于在壳体筒壁的适当位置焊接若干数量的导向支架(9)。
6、如权利要求1和2所述的外取热器,其特征在于在外取热器下部设有流化气体分配器(13)。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN90101048.0A CN1016271B (zh) | 1990-03-07 | 1990-03-07 | 外取热器 |
US07/658,719 US5242012A (en) | 1990-03-07 | 1991-02-21 | Apparatus and process for cooling fluid solid particles |
US08/068,988 US5351749A (en) | 1990-03-07 | 1993-05-27 | Process for cooling fluid solid particles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN90101048.0A CN1016271B (zh) | 1990-03-07 | 1990-03-07 | 外取热器 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1045644A true CN1045644A (zh) | 1990-09-26 |
CN1016271B CN1016271B (zh) | 1992-04-15 |
Family
ID=4876918
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN90101048.0A Expired CN1016271B (zh) | 1990-03-07 | 1990-03-07 | 外取热器 |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5242012A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1016271B (zh) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104368279A (zh) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-02-25 | 安徽新月化工设备有限公司 | 一种水移热的径向恒温反应器 |
CN105385469A (zh) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-03-09 | 天津市天环精细化工研究所 | 一种催化剂冷却器 |
CN106197064A (zh) * | 2016-09-22 | 2016-12-07 | 洛阳明远石化技术有限公司 | 换热管以及具有该换热管的换热器 |
CN106323057A (zh) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-01-11 | 洛阳明远石化技术有限公司 | 外取热器 |
CN107952493A (zh) * | 2016-10-14 | 2018-04-24 | 阿克森斯公司 | 用于精确控制温度的传热固体冷却装置,所述装置能够与吸热或放热过程相关联 |
CN109331748A (zh) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-02-15 | 洛阳泰美石化设备研究院 | 一种管束式外取热器装置的制造方法 |
CN111032207A (zh) * | 2017-07-06 | 2020-04-17 | 德希尼布工艺技术股份有限公司 | 催化剂散热簇管和管设计 |
CN111744434A (zh) * | 2019-03-27 | 2020-10-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种用于甲烷氧化偶联反应的固定床反应器及甲烷氧化偶联制乙烯的方法 |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FI97424C (fi) * | 1993-06-23 | 1996-12-10 | Foster Wheeler Energia Oy | Menetelmä ja laite kuuman kaasun käsittelemiseksi tai hyödyntämiseksi |
US7273543B2 (en) * | 2003-08-04 | 2007-09-25 | Stone & Webster Process Technology, Inc. | Process and apparatus for controlling catalyst temperature in a catalyst stripper |
AP3177A (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2015-03-31 | Sasol Tech Pty Ltd | Catalysts |
WO2017187240A1 (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2017-11-02 | Thermax Limited | A particulate removal system |
EP3447158B1 (de) | 2017-08-25 | 2020-09-30 | Universität des Saarlandes | Schwefelhaltige metallische gläser bildende legierung |
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US2518270A (en) * | 1945-03-29 | 1950-08-08 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Reactor |
US3013773A (en) * | 1954-10-11 | 1961-12-19 | Sinclair Refining Co | Heat exchange apparatus |
US2995426A (en) * | 1956-12-04 | 1961-08-08 | Hydrocarbon Research Inc | Elevated fluidizing reactor |
DE2704975C2 (de) * | 1977-02-07 | 1982-12-23 | Wacker-Chemie GmbH, 8000 München | Wärmeaustauschvorrichtung für Wirbelbettreaktoren zur Durchführung von Gas/Feststoff-Reaktionen, insbesondere zur Herstellung von Siliciumhalogenverbindungen mittels Silicium-enthaltender Kontaktmassen |
US4160743A (en) * | 1978-01-30 | 1979-07-10 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Controlling a regeneration of fluidized particles or catalysts |
US4483276A (en) * | 1981-06-15 | 1984-11-20 | Uop Inc. | Fluid particle backmixed cooling apparatus |
US4424192A (en) * | 1981-06-15 | 1984-01-03 | Uop Inc. | Fluid catalyst regeneration apparatus |
US4434245A (en) * | 1981-06-15 | 1984-02-28 | Uop Inc. | Fluid particle cooling process and apparatus |
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US4439533A (en) * | 1981-06-15 | 1984-03-27 | Uop Inc. | Fluid particle backmixed cooling process |
US4396531A (en) * | 1981-08-13 | 1983-08-02 | Uop Inc. | Fluid catalyst regeneration process and apparatus |
US4716958A (en) * | 1981-09-01 | 1988-01-05 | Ashland Oil, Inc. | Method and apparatus for cooling fluid solid particles used in a regeneration system |
US4438071A (en) * | 1981-09-14 | 1984-03-20 | Uop Inc. | Fluid catalyst regeneration apparatus |
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US4578366A (en) * | 1984-12-28 | 1986-03-25 | Uop Inc. | FCC combustion zone catalyst cooling process |
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US4582120A (en) * | 1985-01-03 | 1986-04-15 | Ashland Oil, Inc. | Apparatus for cooling fluid solid particles in a regeneration system |
US4605636A (en) * | 1985-01-03 | 1986-08-12 | Ashland Oil, Inc. | Apparatus for cooling fluid solid particles in a regeneration system |
US4698212A (en) * | 1985-06-21 | 1987-10-06 | Ashland Oil, Inc. | Process and apparatus for cooling during regeneration of fluid cracking catalyst |
US4614726A (en) * | 1985-06-21 | 1986-09-30 | Ashland Oil, Inc. | Process for cooling during regeneration of fluid cracking catalyst |
US4822761A (en) * | 1986-05-13 | 1989-04-18 | Ashland Oil, Inc. | Method and apparatus for cooling fluid solid particles used in a regeneration system |
US4757039A (en) * | 1987-02-24 | 1988-07-12 | Uop Inc. | Dual function heat withdrawal in a fluidized catalytic cracking-regeneration process |
US4881592A (en) * | 1988-02-01 | 1989-11-21 | Uop | Heat exchanger with backmix and flow through particle cooling |
-
1990
- 1990-03-07 CN CN90101048.0A patent/CN1016271B/zh not_active Expired
-
1991
- 1991-02-21 US US07/658,719 patent/US5242012A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-05-27 US US08/068,988 patent/US5351749A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104368279A (zh) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-02-25 | 安徽新月化工设备有限公司 | 一种水移热的径向恒温反应器 |
CN105385469A (zh) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-03-09 | 天津市天环精细化工研究所 | 一种催化剂冷却器 |
CN106323057A (zh) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-01-11 | 洛阳明远石化技术有限公司 | 外取热器 |
CN106323057B (zh) * | 2016-09-20 | 2018-08-10 | 洛阳明远石化技术有限公司 | 外取热器 |
CN106197064A (zh) * | 2016-09-22 | 2016-12-07 | 洛阳明远石化技术有限公司 | 换热管以及具有该换热管的换热器 |
CN106197064B (zh) * | 2016-09-22 | 2018-03-06 | 洛阳明远石化技术有限公司 | 换热管以及具有该换热管的换热器 |
CN107952493A (zh) * | 2016-10-14 | 2018-04-24 | 阿克森斯公司 | 用于精确控制温度的传热固体冷却装置,所述装置能够与吸热或放热过程相关联 |
CN111032207A (zh) * | 2017-07-06 | 2020-04-17 | 德希尼布工艺技术股份有限公司 | 催化剂散热簇管和管设计 |
CN111032207B (zh) * | 2017-07-06 | 2022-05-06 | 德希尼布工艺技术股份有限公司 | 催化剂散热簇管和管设计 |
CN109331748A (zh) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-02-15 | 洛阳泰美石化设备研究院 | 一种管束式外取热器装置的制造方法 |
CN109331748B (zh) * | 2018-11-13 | 2023-12-08 | 洛阳泰美石化设备研究所 | 一种管束式外取热器装置的制造方法 |
CN111744434A (zh) * | 2019-03-27 | 2020-10-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种用于甲烷氧化偶联反应的固定床反应器及甲烷氧化偶联制乙烯的方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5242012A (en) | 1993-09-07 |
CN1016271B (zh) | 1992-04-15 |
US5351749A (en) | 1994-10-04 |
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