CN104550607B - Rotary forge forming die and rotary forge forming method - Google Patents

Abstract

In the rotary forging forming die and method of the present invention, the die includes an upper die (8) and a lower die, and the blank on the lower die is forged through the downward impact action of the upper die (8), and the lower die can be pressed Driven by a motor to rotate around a vertical rotation axis (C3), the center line (C1) of the upper mold (8) is obliquely arranged relative to the vertical rotation axis (C3) of the lower mold. By adopting the invention, the tonnage of equipment can be reduced, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, the production efficiency of aluminum alloy wheels can be effectively improved, and the production cost can be reduced.

Description

Rotary forging forming die and rotary forging forming method

technical field

The invention relates to a rotary forging forming die and a rotary forging forming method, belonging to the field of metal pressure processing.

Background technique

The car wheel is an important part to ensure the safe driving of the car. Compared with steel wheels, aluminum alloy wheels can reduce the weight of the vehicle and reduce fuel consumption. It has a strong bearing capacity and good decorative effect, and is more and more popular among people. At present, in the aluminum alloy wheel manufacturing industry in the world, lightweight, product quality and manufacturing cost have become the three core competitive factors of products. At present, there are three main production processes of aluminum alloy wheels commonly used by domestic and foreign enterprises: low-pressure casting method, squeeze casting method and forging method.

The low-pressure casting method is the most widely used. It has the advantages of high production efficiency, high product qualification rate, high material utilization rate, and low production cost. The disadvantage is that the wheel is cast and the wheel strength is not high.

Squeeze casting method, also known as liquid die forging, is a forming method between casting and forging. The metallographic structure of its products is close to forging structure, and the mechanical properties of products are between low pressure casting method and forging method. The disadvantage is that the extrusion casting equipment and mold are relatively complicated, the production efficiency is low, and the production cost is high.

Forging methods are generally divided into two types: integral forging method and forging spinning method. The integral forging method is to use large-tonnage forging equipment to forge the ingot directly in the cavity mold to form the outline of the rim and spoke, and then cut and process to obtain the finished product; The wheel blank is forged in the cavity mold, and then the wheel rim is formed by spinning, and finally the finished product is cut and processed. Compared with the low-pressure casting method and squeeze casting method, the production of aluminum alloy wheels by the forging method generally requires large-tonnage forging equipment with a nominal force of more than several thousand tons or even 10,000 tons. The production process is long and the cost is the highest. The wheel has high strength. Under the condition of the same strength, forged wheels are lighter than cast wheels. Although the forging method has high technical difficulty and a large amount of capital investment, due to the advantages of forged wheels with light weight and high strength, more and more wheel manufacturers at home and abroad have begun to use the forging method (using forging equipment) to manufacture aluminum alloy wheels.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the existing manufacturing technology and provide a rotary forging forming die and rotary forging forming method that can reduce the tonnage of equipment and reduce manufacturing costs, which can effectively improve the production efficiency of aluminum alloy wheels and reduce the Cost of production.

In order to achieve the above object, the rotary forging die of the present invention is composed of an upper die and a lower die, and the blank on the lower die is forged through the downward impact action of the upper die, and the lower die can be driven by a motor. Rotating around the vertical rotation axis, the center line of the upper mold is obliquely arranged relative to the vertical rotation axis of the lower mold.

Since the lower mold can be driven by the motor to rotate around the vertical axis of rotation, the center line of the upper mold that performs the downward punching action is obliquely arranged relative to the vertical axis of rotation of the lower mold. Partial rotary forging. At this time, the forming pressure of the upper die on the blank only acts on a small part of the surface of the blank, so the forming of a larger-sized workpiece can be achieved with a smaller forming force. By adopting the present invention, not only can the forging and forming of large-sized workpieces be realized on conventional small-tonnage hydraulic presses, instead of conventional forging equipment whose pressure is 20 times higher, but also the dies have long service life, low working noise and low energy consumption, and are especially suitable for small and medium-sized manufacturing Enterprises produce.

In addition, the upper mold moves up and down to perform an impact action. Therefore, by driving and rotating the lower mold, the structure of the upper mold side that can move up and down can be avoided from being too complicated, and the action control of processing and forming is also easier.

Preferably in the present invention, the upper mold is fixed on the upper mold fixing seat, and a notch is formed on the upper mold fixing seat, and the upper mold is fitted with the notch, and the bottom surface of the notch is formed to be opposite to the above-mentioned vertical A flat inclined surface inclined to a straight rotation axis, and the upper surface of the upper mold is formed as a plane joined to the bottom surface.

In this way, the upper mold can be fixed simply and reliably through the fitting structure of the upper mold and the notch, and the positioning is realized by the engagement of the upper surface of the upper mold and the bottom surface of the notch, thereby ensuring the installation accuracy of the upper mold in a simple and effective manner.

Preferably in the present invention, a threaded through hole penetrating into the upwardly concave notch is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the upper mold fixing seat, a groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the upper mold, and screwed into the threaded through hole The front end of the screw enters the groove.

In this way, fixing of the upper mold can be realized with a simple structure.

Preferably in the present invention, the lower mold is fixed on the lower mold base, the lower mold base has the lower half of the lower mold base fixed on the press table and the upper half of the lower mold base for fixing the lower mold, the lower mold The upper half of the base can be driven by the motor to rotate relative to the lower half of the lower die base.

Preferably in the present invention, the upper mold can freely rotate around the vertical rotation axis.

Preferably in the present invention, the upper mold is mounted on the upper slide of the press through the upper mold fixing base, and the upper mold fixing base can freely rotate relative to the upper slide of the press with the vertical rotation axis as the center.

Because the motor drives the lower mold to rotate, it will drive the blank to rotate; the upper mold presses the blank downward, and the friction between it and the blank will make the upper mold rotate in the same direction. The upper mold is formed as a passive rotating structure, which can prevent the relative friction between the blank and the upper mold surface, which will cause wear on the surface of the mold and the workpiece.

The rotary forging forming die of the present invention is especially suitable as a forming die for aluminum alloy wheels to form aluminum alloy wheels.

The present invention also relates to a rotary forging forming method. The method uses the rotary forging forming die with any of the above-mentioned structures to forge and press the blank. The lower mold rotates around the vertical axis of rotation.

With this method, the same technical effect as that described in the above rotary forging die can be obtained.

In the rotary forging forming method, the motor may continuously drive the lower die to rotate.

Since the lower mold is continuously driven to rotate, the forming efficiency is high and the control is simple.

Description of drawings

Figures 1 to 4 are schematic diagrams of various stages of the forming process of aluminum alloy wheel forming using the rotary forging die installed on the press, and the structure of the rotary forging die is also shown in the figure;

Fig. 5 is a drawing showing the installation structure of the upper mold and the upper mold holder.

Among them, 1. The lower workbench of the press, 2. The lower half of the lower die base, 3. The upper half of the lower die base, 4. The outer body of the lower die, 5. The inner body of the lower die, 6. The ejector rod, 7a. Aluminum alloy billet, 7b, 7c. Forging semi-finished products, 7d. Forging finished products, 8. Upper die, 9. Upper die holder, 10. Plane thrust bearing, 11. Roller bearing, 12. Upper die base, 13. Upper die Jacket, 14. Press upper slider.

detailed description

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figures 1 to 4 are schematic diagrams of the various stages of the aluminum alloy wheel forming process using the rotary forging die installed on the press, and the structure of the rotary forging die is also shown in the figures. Fig. 5 is a drawing showing the installation structure of the upper mold and the upper mold holder. The rotary forging die is used for forming an aluminum alloy wheel, and the rotary forging die includes an upper die assembly and a lower die assembly.

Described upper mold assembly comprises upper mold 8 and upper mold holder 9, wherein, upper mold 8 is installed on the upper mold holder 9, after installation, the center line C1 of upper mold 8 is perpendicular to upper mold holder 9 ( The vertical) rotation axis C2 is relatively inclined at a certain angle; a plane thrust bearing 10 is installed above the upper die holder 9, and a double-row tapered roller bearing 11 is installed on the outside, and is fixed on the press through the upper die base 12 and the upper die outer casing 13. On the upper slide block 14, realize moving up and down under the drive of the upper slide block 14 of the press. The plane thrust bearing 10 and the roller bearing 11 are used to make the upper mold holder 9 realize the free rotation centered on its rotation axis C2.

As shown in detail in Figure 5, the upper mold holder 9 has an upwardly concave notch 91, and the bottom surface 91a of the notch 91a is formed to be inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the rotation axis C2 of the upper mold holder 9 (after the upper mold 8 is installed). , a flat slope perpendicular to the centerline C1) of the upper die 8. A threaded through hole 92 a is formed on the outer peripheral surface 92 of the upper die fixing seat 9 , and the threaded through hole 92 a penetrates to the stop 91 . This threaded through hole 92a is screwed into by a screw 99 (see FIG. 1 ).

In addition, the upper surface 81 of the upper mold 8 is formed into a planar shape, and when the upper mold 8 is inserted into the notch 91 of the upper mold holder 9, the upper surface 81 is engaged with the bottom surface 91a of the notch 91 (plays a positioning role) , so that the centerline C1 of the upper mold 8 and the rotation axis C2 of the upper mold holder 9 form a predetermined angle. An annular groove 82 a is formed on the outer peripheral surface 82 of the upper mold 8 , and the groove 82 a allows the tips (tips) of the above-mentioned screws 99 to enter to fix the upper mold 8 .

The lower mold assembly includes a lower mold (4, 5) and a lower mold base: the lower mold is a split structure, including an outer body 4 of the lower mold and an inner body 5 of the lower mold, the two are fixed together by bolts, and the outer body of the lower mold The body 4 is fixed on the lower die base (specifically, the upper part 3 of the lower die base) by bolts; the lower die base is composed of two parts, and its lower half, namely the lower half part 2 of the lower die base, is fixed on the press table , the upper part, that is, the upper half part 3 of the lower mold base and the lower half part 2 of the lower mold base are connected by a set of plane thrust bearings and roller bearings (not shown) similar to those in the upper mold assembly, Driven by a motor, a reducer and a belt (not shown), the lower die can be driven to rotate on its axis C3 (actually a straight line with C2).

Next, a rotary forging method for forming an aluminum alloy wheel using the above-mentioned rotary forging die will be described.

First, as shown in Figure 1, the aluminum alloy blank 7a is placed on the lower mold (inner body 5), and the lower mold is continuously rotated under the drive of the motor, and the upper mold 8 is moved downward as shown by the arrow in the figure. Perform punching action. Since the centerline C1 of the upper die 8 is inclined relative to the vertical direction (stamping direction), the upper die 8 performs local stamping (forging) on the aluminum alloy blank 7a.

Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 show the situation during the forging process, the aluminum alloy blank 7a is forged into the shape of forged semi-finished products 7b, 7c. When the forging reaches the shape of the forged finished product 7d shown in FIG. 4 , the forging is finished, and the upper die 8 is retracted upward. Utilize the ejector rod 6 that penetrates the center of the lower mold (4, 5) in the up-down direction to jack up the forged product 7d to demould it.

With the above embodiment, the aluminum alloy billet is continuously subjected to local rotary forging by using the upper mold inclined at a predetermined angle relative to the vertical rotation axis. Since the forming pressure of the upper die on the aluminum alloy blank only acts on a small part of the surface of the formed workpiece, the forming of a larger-sized workpiece can be achieved with a smaller forming force. Adopting this embodiment, not only can the forging of aluminum alloy wheels be realized on conventional small-tonnage hydraulic presses, instead of conventional forging equipment whose pressure is 20 times higher, but also the mold has a long service life, low working noise, and low energy consumption, especially suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises. Wheel manufacturers produce forged aluminum alloy wheels.

In addition, with the above-mentioned embodiment, the upper die 8 is installed in the inclined notch 91 of the upper die holder 9, and positioning and fastening are realized by the notch 91 and the fastening screw 99 (jack screw). The number of fastening screws 99 may be single or multiple. The inclination angle of the notch 91 (bottom surface 91a) of the upper mold holder 9 determines the angle of the upper mold 8 after installation, so that the contact area between the upper mold surface and the blank and the lower mold parting surface form the cross-sectional shape of the workpiece. This angle is similar to the swing angle in pendulum milling, but the difference between this process and pendulum milling is: ①In this process, the upper mold does not swing, but only rotates; ②This process can be used on ordinary forging equipment.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

For example, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the manufacture of a wheel has been described as an example, however, the present invention can also be applied to molding of other centrosymmetric members.

In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the annular groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the upper mold, however, the shape of the groove is not limited to this, and may not be annular.

In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the lower die is continuously rotated during the forging process, however, it is also possible to rotate the lower die by a predetermined angle after the upper die completes a predetermined number of (one or more) impact actions.

Claims (7)

1. it is a kind of to rotate excellent suitability for press forming mould, including upper mould (8) and lower mould, the para-position by the downward percussion action of upper mould (8) Blank on lower mould is forged and pressed, it is characterised in that

The lower mould can be driven by a motor and be rotated centered on vertical pivot center (C3), the centrage of the upper mould (8) (C1) it is arranged obliquely relative to the vertical pivot center (C3) of the lower mould,

The upper mould (8) can freely be rotated centered on the vertical pivot center,

The upper mould (8) is fixed on model fixing seat (9), and seam (91), the upper mould are formed with upper model fixing seat (9) It is (8) chimeric with the seam (91),

The bottom surface (91a) of the seam (91) is formed as planar bevels inclined relative to above-mentioned vertical pivot center (C3), institute The upper surface (81) for stating mould (8) is formed as the plane engaged with the bottom surface (91a).

It is 2. according to claim 1 to rotate excellent suitability for press forming mould, it is characterised in that

The tapped through hole into concave up seam (91) is formed through on the outer peripheral face (92) of model fixing seat (9) on described (92a), formed fluted (82a) on the outer peripheral face (82) of mould (8) on described, screw in the screw of the tapped through hole (92a) (99) front end enters the groove (82a).

It is 3. according to claim 1 to rotate excellent suitability for press forming mould, it is characterised in that the lower mould is fixed on die shoe, Die shoe has the die shoe first half of die shoe the latter half (2) and the fixation lower mould being fixed on press bed Divide (3), the die shoe top half (3) can be driven so as to relative to the die shoe the latter half (2) by the motor Rotate.

4. the rotation excellent suitability for press forming mould according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that the upper mould (8) is led to Model fixing seat (9) is crossed on press top shoe (14), the upper model fixing seat (9) can be relative to the press top shoe (14) freely rotated centered on the vertical pivot center.

5. the rotation excellent suitability for press forming mould according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that for aluminum-alloy wheel Shaping dies.

It is 6. a kind of to rotate forging and molding method, it is characterised in that

Usage right requires that the rotation excellent suitability for press forming mould any one of 1～5 carries out excellent suitability for press forming to blank,

During the excellent suitability for press forming is carried out, make mould (8) carry out percussion action, also, the lower mould is driven with perpendicular by motor Rotate centered on straight pivot center (C3).

7. rotation forging and molding method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that under by described in the motor Continuous Drive Mould is rotated.