CN104521542A - In vitro fast cultivation method for immature stem segments of blueberries - Google Patents
In vitro fast cultivation method for immature stem segments of blueberries Download PDFInfo
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- CN104521542A CN104521542A CN201510029129.XA CN201510029129A CN104521542A CN 104521542 A CN104521542 A CN 104521542A CN 201510029129 A CN201510029129 A CN 201510029129A CN 104521542 A CN104521542 A CN 104521542A
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- blueberry
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
The invention discloses an in vitro fast cultivation method for immature stem segments of blueberries. The in vitro fast cultivation method comprises the steps that S1, blueberry stems are cut into segments, wherein 1-2 days before seedtime, the blueberry stems are cut into segments of the same length, and the wound heals; S2, acceleration germination is conducted, wherein a layer of sandy soil which is 10 cm thick is laid on the ground, the blueberry stem segments are arranged on the sandy soil in a single layer, sandy soil which is 5 cm thick covers the blueberry stem segments, then another layer of blueberry stem segments are arranged, and when sprouts are 0.5-1 cm long, seeding can be conducted; S3, seeding is conducted, wherein the blueberry stem segments which grow on the same portion of the blueberry stems or have the sprouts of the same length are sown in the same ridge, a layer of soil which is 5-6 cm thick covers the blueberry stem segments, the blueberry stem segments are not in direct contact with fertilizer, 300 kilograms of straw is used for covering the ridge surface per mu after seeding, the straw is parallel with the ridge surface and connected end to end, and the combined portions of the two ends of the straw are pressed by soil; S4, fertilization is conducted, wherein organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer are combined, base fertilizer and additional fertilizer are combined, the base fertilizer is heavily applied, and all organic fertilizer, phosphatic fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer with the concentration of 30-40%, phosphatic fertilizer with the concentration of 60-70% and potash fertilizer with the concentration of 30-40% are used as the base fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of crop culture technology field, particularly a kind of in-vitro rapid culture method for tender stem segments of blueberry.
Background technology
One is low shrub, and short pin is wild, and particle is little, but the content of anthocyan is very high; The second is artificial culture blueberry, can grow to 240cm high, and fruit is comparatively large, and moisture is more, and anthocyanidin content is relatively on the low side.The Vaccinium plant of whole world distribution can reach more than 400 and plant, and originates in and main product to be otherwise known as American blueberry in the U.S..China's wild blueberry mainly produces on Changbai Mountain, Daxing'an Mountainrange and Xiao Xing'an Ling forest region.Just successfully carried out domestication's cultivation in recent years.The research of China to blueberry starts from early 1980s, is to be led by small berries research institute of Jilin Agriculture University to be introduced into blueberry research field, and first establishes blueberry industry production base.
Containing abundant nutrient component in Blueberry, have prevent that cerebral nerve is aging, cardiac stimulant, anticancer, softening blood vessel, the function such as enhancing human organism immunity, nutrient component is high.
Wherein, because blueberry is rich in benzoyl, anthocyan, Sodium Benzoate, has activation retina effect, can strengthen eyesight, prevents eyeball tired and enjoys and gaze at.
Existing blueberry cultivating method is more extensive, yields poorly and the speed of cultivating is slower.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the in-vitro rapid culture method for tender stem segments that a kind of blueberry is provided for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art.
An in-vitro rapid culture method for tender stem segments for blueberry, comprises following steps:
S1. blueberry cutting shoots: the stem of blueberry was carried out segment according to identical length in 1-2 days before broadcasting; Segment half an hour in, when section cut wound mouth is still moist, weight ratio is the disinfectant powder wound closure that is made into of 72% thiophanate methyl, 50% dimethomorph, dry powder of 4: 4: 100; Then spread out and have scattered light place in shady and cool drying, treat wound healing;
S2. vernalization: at the sand of ground paving 10 cm thick, the blueberry stem monolayer alignment of segment on sand, covers 5 cm thick sandy soil, and then arrange the blueberry stem of one deck segment, stackable 4-6 layer, sandy soil are advisable with half moisture state, sprout 0.5-1 centimetre and can sow;
S3. sow: what the identical or bud appearance in position was near broadcasts on same ridge, in order to neat seedling, be convenient to management; Have the blueberry stem eye of the segment of sprouting and horizontal plane upwards, the blueberry stem eye eye of the segment of not sprouting upwards, blinding 5-6 centimetre above the blueberry stem of segment; The blueberry stem of segment can not directly contact with fertilizer; Broadcast face, rear every mu of use 300 kilograms of rice straw mulching ridges, straw is parallel with face, ridge, from beginning to end, and two ends binding site soil pressure is lived;
S4. apply fertilizer: fertilising answers fertilizer to combine with inorganic fertilizer, base manure combines with topdressing, heavy dressing base manure: base manure made by the potash fertilizer of the nitrogenous fertilizer of whole fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, concentration 30-40%, concentration 60-70% phosphate fertilizer, concentration 30-40%.
In the in-vitro rapid culture method for tender stem segments of blueberry of the present invention, when sowing in described step S2 blueberry stem not yet breaking dormancy sprout, should prior to seeding 15-20 days be 70% thiophanate methyl weight ratio 500 times and 20-50 920 seed soaking doubly 2 minutes by concentration, pick up segment after airing.
In the in-vitro rapid culture method for tender stem segments of blueberry of the present invention, sprout in described step S2 0.75 centimetre time sow.
In the in-vitro rapid culture method for tender stem segments of blueberry of the present invention, in described step S4, the concentration of phosphate fertilizer is 67%.
By implementing the embodiment of the present invention, the in-vitro rapid culture method for tender stem segments of blueberry used in the present invention, output is high and speed that is that cultivate is fast.
Embodiment
What illustrate to make the present invention clearly understands, below in conjunction with embodiment, is further detailed the present invention.Specific embodiment described in the invention should being appreciated that only for explaining or citing, being not intended to limit the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of in-vitro rapid culture method for tender stem segments of blueberry, comprise following steps:
S1. blueberry cutting shoots: the stem of blueberry was carried out segment according to identical length in 1-2 days before broadcasting; Segment half an hour in, when section cut wound mouth is still moist, weight ratio is the disinfectant powder wound closure that is made into of 72% thiophanate methyl, 50% dimethomorph, dry powder of 4: 4: 100; Then spread out and have scattered light place in shady and cool drying, treat wound healing.
Before segment, everyone prepares cutting knife two, the alcohol of 75% or potassium permanganate disinfection solution one basin of 0.5%, immerse thimerosal sterilization by cutting knife, immerse thimerosal sterilization during stripping and slicing after often cutter being cut a potato seed, use another cutter instead and cut next potato seed, two break bars change sterilization and use.Terminal bud advantage to be utilized during segment as far as possible and be cut into square minimizing wound area.
S2. vernalization: at the sand of ground paving 10 cm thick, the blueberry stem monolayer alignment of segment on sand, covers 5 cm thick sandy soil, and then arrange the blueberry stem of one deck segment, stackable 4-6 layer, sandy soil are advisable with half moisture state, sprout 0.5-1 centimetre and can sow;
S3. sow: what the identical or bud appearance in position was near broadcasts on same ridge, in order to neat seedling, be convenient to management; Have the blueberry stem eye of the segment of sprouting and horizontal plane upwards, the blueberry stem eye eye of the segment of not sprouting upwards, blinding 5-6 centimetre above the blueberry stem of segment; The blueberry stem of segment can not directly contact with fertilizer; Broadcast face, rear every mu of use 300 kilograms of rice straw mulching ridges, straw is parallel with face, ridge, from beginning to end, and two ends binding site soil pressure is lived;
S4. apply fertilizer: fertilising answers fertilizer to combine with inorganic fertilizer, base manure combines with topdressing, heavy dressing base manure: base manure made by the potash fertilizer of the nitrogenous fertilizer of whole fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, concentration 30-40%, concentration 60-70% phosphate fertilizer, concentration 30-40%.
The field of general fertility, if with every mu of 3000 kilograms of output for target, answers organic fertilizer (shining dry weight with pure chicken manure to be as the criterion) 500-700 kilogram, purity nitrogen is about 14-18 kilogram, P2O5 8-10 kilogram, K2O 25-35 kilogram.
1, base manure.0.5 kilogram, the 30-40%+ borax 1 kilogram+magnesium sulfate 6 kilograms+zinc sulphate of potassium total amount is executed in the 60-70%+ plan that phosphorus total amount is executed in the 30-40%+ plan that nitrogen total amount is executed in the chicken manure+plan of abundant fermentation, trench digging deep placement when playing furrow.
2, topdress.The amount of application that topdresses based on the nutrient diagnosis of field, should be determined in conjunction with base manure consumption, soil property, weather.Topdress and will early execute, first time topdresses and to execute when emerging 70-80%, and about 5% of potassium total amount is executed in the about 5%+ plan executing phosphorus total amount with the about 20%+ plan that nitrogen total amount is executed in plan; Second time topdress first time topdress after within 7-10 days, execute, with plan execute nitrogen total amount about 20%+ plan execute phosphorus total amount about 10%+ plan execute about 10% of potassium total amount; Third time topdress second time topdress after within 10-12 days, execute, with plan execute nitrogen total amount about 15%+ plan execute phosphorus total amount about 10%+ plan execute about 25% of potassium total amount; Topdress for 4th time third time topdress after within 10-12 days, execute, with plan execute nitrogen total amount about 15%+ plan execute phosphorus total amount about 15%+ plan execute about 20% of potassium total amount.First be soaked in water potassium sulfate, composite fertilizer before using 12-20 hour, then mixes with urea to be watered 2000 kilograms of pouring and to execute.
3, execute foliage fertilizer, suitably use growth regulator.Seedling Stage, knot potato phase respectively spray a secondary how element, and expanding stage sprays the potassium dihydrogen phosphate+1.25ppm enlarging agent solution of twice 0.3%.Gather in the crops and be watered 120 jin and spray and delay senility by available every gram 920 of the previous moon.
Alternatively, in the in-vitro rapid culture method for tender stem segments of the blueberry described in the embodiment of the present invention, when sowing in described step S2 blueberry stem not yet breaking dormancy sprout, should prior to seeding 15-20 days be 70% thiophanate methyl weight ratio 500 times and 20-50 920 seed soaking doubly 2 minutes by concentration, pick up segment after airing.
Alternatively, in the in-vitro rapid culture method for tender stem segments of the blueberry described in the embodiment of the present invention, sprout in described step S2 0.75 centimetre time sow.
Alternatively, in the in-vitro rapid culture method for tender stem segments of the blueberry described in the embodiment of the present invention, in described step S4, the concentration of phosphate fertilizer is 67%.
Alternatively, in the in-vitro rapid culture method for tender stem segments of the blueberry described in the embodiment of the present invention, also S5 is comprised: this water management.Moistening according to early stage, the later stage feels well the principle of water, and sow and keep relative moisture of the soil 70-75% to emerging, the knot blueberry phase keeps relative moisture of the soil 80-85%, receives first 10 days relatives moisture of the soil and drops to about 70%.When broadcasting rear soil overdrying, the mode of available furrow irrigation moistens soil, method is 1/1 to two/3rd encumbrance hour of pouring water in ditch to ditch depth, until draining in time after 8-10 centimetre of depths ground moistening in water permeation to ridge, be strictly on guard against that ponding causes rotten potato or suddenly and violently dry sudden and violent wetting to cause lopsided potato.Ponding is drained in time during heavy rain.
Alternatively, in the in-vitro rapid culture method for tender stem segments of the blueberry described in the embodiment of the present invention, also comprise S6: in good time final singling ridging: every blueberry may be emerged a strain or many strains, Qi Miaohou every selects the most strong 2-3 strain to retain, wipe out unnecessary small and weak seedling in time, the fruit in order to high yield and knot is many.Will earth up twice in blueberry process of growth, first time, after neat seedling in 10 days, in height of seedling 15-20 centimetre of (5-6 cun) time, heavily earthed up, and more than thickness 7 centimetres (2 cun), face, ridge, limit, ridge do not blank; Second time ridging is carried out at Feng Hangqian, mainly mends soil to the position of first time ridging thickness low LCL, should avoid damage stem stalk as far as possible or blade is pushed down during ridging.
By implementing the embodiment of the present invention, the in-vitro rapid culture method for tender stem segments of blueberry used in the present invention, output is high and speed that is that cultivate is fast.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize description of the present invention to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical field, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. an in-vitro rapid culture method for tender stem segments for blueberry, is characterized in that, comprises following steps:
S1. blueberry cutting shoots: the stem of blueberry was carried out segment according to identical length in 1-2 days before broadcasting; Segment half an hour in, when section cut wound mouth is still moist, weight ratio is the disinfectant powder wound closure that the concentration of 4: 4: 100 is 72% thiophanate methyl, concentration is 50% dimethomorph, dry powder is made into; Then spread out and have scattered light place in shady and cool drying, treat wound healing;
S2. vernalization: at the sand of ground paving 10 cm thick, the blueberry stem monolayer alignment of segment on sand, covers 5 cm thick sandy soil, and then arranges the blueberry stem of one deck segment, and stack 4-6 layer, sandy soil are half moisture state, sprout 0.5-1 centimetre and can sow;
S3. sow: what the identical or bud appearance in position was near broadcasts on same ridge; Have the blueberry stem eye of the segment of sprouting and horizontal plane upwards, the blueberry stem eye eye of the segment of not sprouting upwards, blinding 5-6 centimetre above the blueberry stem of segment; The blueberry stem of segment can not directly contact with fertilizer; Broadcast face, rear every mu of use 300 kilograms of rice straw mulching ridges, straw is parallel with face, ridge, from beginning to end, and two ends binding site soil pressure is lived;
S4. apply fertilizer: fertilising answers fertilizer to combine with inorganic fertilizer, base manure combines with topdressing, heavy dressing base manure: base manure made by the potash fertilizer of the nitrogenous fertilizer of whole fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, concentration 30-40%, concentration 60-70% phosphate fertilizer, concentration 30-40%.
2. the in-vitro rapid culture method for tender stem segments of blueberry as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when sowing in described step S2 blueberry stem not yet breaking dormancy sprout, should prior to seeding 15-20 days be 70% thiophanate methyl weight ratio 500 times and 20-50 920 seed soaking doubly 2 minutes by concentration, pick up segment after airing.
3. the in-vitro rapid culture method for tender stem segments of blueberry as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, sprout in described step S2 0.75 centimetre time sow.
4. the in-vitro rapid culture method for tender stem segments of blueberry as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step S4, the concentration of phosphate fertilizer is 67%.
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Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003304765A (en) * | 2002-04-17 | 2003-10-28 | Gumma Prefecture | Method for raising seedling of blueberry |
| CN101810145A (en) * | 2010-05-11 | 2010-08-25 | 上海闵行区苗圃 | In-vitro rapid culture method for tender stem segments of blueberries |
| CN101869078A (en) * | 2010-07-14 | 2010-10-27 | 长春百瑞蓝莓科技发展有限公司 | Seed-cultivating method of blueberry by means of tissue cultivation and micropropagation |
| CN102511259A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-06-27 | 金寨县大别山林艺植物科技开发有限公司 | Blueberry planting method |
| CN102577967A (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2012-07-18 | 湖州师范学院 | High-efficiency rapid rabbit-eye blueberry breeding method through tissue culture |
| CN103814750A (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2014-05-28 | 刘亚 | Cultivation method of organic blueberries |
-
2015
- 2015-01-21 CN CN201510029129.XA patent/CN104521542A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003304765A (en) * | 2002-04-17 | 2003-10-28 | Gumma Prefecture | Method for raising seedling of blueberry |
| CN101810145A (en) * | 2010-05-11 | 2010-08-25 | 上海闵行区苗圃 | In-vitro rapid culture method for tender stem segments of blueberries |
| CN101869078A (en) * | 2010-07-14 | 2010-10-27 | 长春百瑞蓝莓科技发展有限公司 | Seed-cultivating method of blueberry by means of tissue cultivation and micropropagation |
| CN102511259A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-06-27 | 金寨县大别山林艺植物科技开发有限公司 | Blueberry planting method |
| CN102577967A (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2012-07-18 | 湖州师范学院 | High-efficiency rapid rabbit-eye blueberry breeding method through tissue culture |
| CN103814750A (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2014-05-28 | 刘亚 | Cultivation method of organic blueberries |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 佚名: "冬种马铃薯高产栽培技术http://agri.shantou.gov.cn/article/view-214-4968.aspx", 《汕头农林信息网》 * |
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Application publication date: 20150422 |