CN104505840A - Low-frequency low-voltage combined load shedding method - Google Patents

Low-frequency low-voltage combined load shedding method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104505840A
CN104505840A CN201410803402.5A CN201410803402A CN104505840A CN 104505840 A CN104505840 A CN 104505840A CN 201410803402 A CN201410803402 A CN 201410803402A CN 104505840 A CN104505840 A CN 104505840A
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load
voltage
frequency
low
ufls
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CN104505840B (en
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张保会
李晔
关哲
张鹭
郝治国
薄志谦
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Xuji Group Co Ltd
Xian Jiaotong University
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Xuji Group Co Ltd
Xian Jiaotong University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

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  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a low-frequency low-voltage combined load shedding method. Mainly by using frequency and voltage response information measured on a load bus, on the basis of considering the load characteristic and the frequency-voltage interactive influence, a load shedding amount of low-frequency load shedding and a load shedding amount of low-voltage load shedding are respectively calculated, the bigger one thereof is used as an actual load shedding amount, and system frequency and load voltage are restored to rated values as soon as possible after disturbance by gradually shedding the load. The low-frequency low-voltage combined load shedding method can provide a guarantee for frequency stability and voltage stability of a power system under serious disturbance.

Description

A kind of method of low-frequency and low-voltage associating off-load
Technical field
The invention belongs to and utilize the voltage to frequency information of power system load side to carry out low-frequency and low-voltage Control of decreasing load technical field on the spot, be specifically related to the method for a kind of low-frequency and low-voltage associating off-load.
Background technology
Frequency and voltage is the important indicator weighing system power quality, and frequency stability, voltage stability and power-angle stability are three importances of the stability of a system.At present, although what UFLS and low-voltage load sheding be widely used for avoiding causing because of frequency or voltage collapse has a power failure on a large scale, but traditional UFLS and low-voltage load sheding separate, do not take into full account the coupling of frequency and voltage after large disturbances and the frequency voltage characteristic of load, and each action threshold of taking turns of load-shedding equipment and cutting load amount are fixed value, cannot the change of adaptive system operating condition and disturbance form, be difficult to the frequency stability and the voltage stability that conscientiously ensure electric power system.Therefore, cutting load control is carried out on the basis considering part throttle characteristics and voltage to frequency dynamic response, very important to raising stability of power system.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned prior art Problems existing, a kind of low-frequency and low-voltage is the object of the present invention is to provide to combine the method for off-load, namely frequency and information of voltage by surveying the load bus obtained carry out the calculation of cutting load gauge in real time, the change of frequency is considered when calculating low-voltage load sheding cutting load amount, the impact of load voltage change on load active power is taken into account when calculating UFLS cutting load amount, and using the higher value of UFLS and low-voltage load sheding cutting load amount as actual cutting load amount, provide guarantee for power system safety and stability runs.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A method for low-frequency and low-voltage associating off-load, comprises the steps:
(1) optimum configurations and initialization before disturbance: according to the threshold value f that system condition and power system capacity information setting UFLS are often taken turns before disturbance kfwith cutting load amount Δ P kf, UFLS and low-voltage load sheding action frequency are designated as m and n respectively, and make m=n=1; UFLS cutting load amount, low-voltage load sheding cutting load amount and actual cutting load amount are designated as Δ P respectively lf, Δ P lV, Δ P l, and make Δ P lf=Δ P lV=Δ P l=0, go to step after disturbance (2);
(2) if load voltage V is lower than 0.9pu, then go to step (3) and carry out the calculation of low-voltage load sheding cutting load gauge; If frequency f is lower than 49Hz, then goes to step (5) and carry out the calculation of UFLS cutting load gauge; If voltage V is not less than 0.9pu and frequency f is not less than 49Hz, then after representing off-load, System recover is stablized, and goes to step (1);
(3) if load voltage V is lower than 0.9pu, note goes to the moment t of this step v=t, t are the time, and go to step (4); If load voltage is not less than 0.9pu, if then frequency f is not less than 49Hz, go to step (1), otherwise go to step (3);
(4) if namely off-load meets m=n=1 first, then the low-voltage load sheding cutting load amount Δ P of this load bus is directly calculated by formula (1) lVand go to step (8); If not off-load first, then must judge whether voltage V continues to fall or remain unchanged in continuous 0.5s, namely whether load voltage V meets formula (2), if load voltage V meets formula (2), then calculate low-voltage load sheding cutting load amount according to formula (1) and go to step (8), otherwise going to step (3);
Δ P LV = P L 0 - P L 0 ( V V L 0 ) α × ( f f 0 ) β - - - ( 1 )
Wherein: Δ P lVfor the cutting load amount of low-voltage load sheding, P l0for the load active power of actual measurement, V is the load busbar voltage of actual measurement, V l0for rated load busbar voltage, f is the load bus frequency of actual measurement, f 0for rating system frequency and 50Hz, index α and index β are respectively load active power and load busbar voltage and the relevant degree of load bus frequency in LOAD FREQUENCY voltage characteristic;
dV dt ≤ 0 , t ∈ ( t v , t v + 0.5 s ) - - - ( 2 )
Wherein: t is the time, t vfor going to step (3) moment;
(5) if frequency f is lower than 49Hz, note goes to the moment t of this step f=t, t are the time, and go to step (6); If frequency f is not less than 49Hz, if then voltage V is not less than 0.9pu, goes to step (1), otherwise go to step (5);
(6) judge in continuous 0.2s, whether frequency f is not more than UFLS K all the time fwheel threshold value f kf, namely meet formula (3), if frequency f meets formula (3), then go to step (7), otherwise go to step (5);
f ≤ f K f , t ∈ ( t f , t f + 0.2 s ) - - - ( 3 )
Wherein: f kfrepresent K fthe threshold value of wheel UFLS, t ffor going to step the moment of (5), 0.2s is the time delay that UFLS is often taken turns;
(7) if K f>1 then directly calculates UFLS cutting load amount, if K by formula (5) f=1, then first add off-load amount by formula (4) the calculating UFLS first round, then calculate UFLS cutting load amount by formula (5), go to step (8);
ΔP 1 F = P L 0 - P L 0 ( V V L 0 ) α × ( 49 50 ) β - - - ( 4 )
Wherein: Δ P 1Ffor the additional off-load amount of the UFLS first round;
Δ P Lf = Δ P K f + Δ P 1 F - - - ( 5 )
In formula: Δ P lffor UFLS cutting load amount, Δ P kffor the K set in advance according to system conditions fthe cutting load amount of wheel UFLS;
(8) the cutting load amount Δ P that the higher value getting UFLS cutting load amount and low-voltage load sheding cutting load amount by formula (6) exports as the outlet of low-frequency and low-voltage associating relay l, it is Δ P that time delay 20ms excises active power size on this load bus lload, if Δ P l=Δ P lV, then make m=m+1, otherwise make n=n+1,
After cutting load completes, make Δ P l=Δ P lf=Δ P lV=Δ P 1F=0.Go to step (2);
DP l=max{DP lf, Δ P lVin (6) formula: Δ P lfor the cutting load amount that reality exports.
Described index α value is 0.5 ~ 2, and index β value is 1.5 ~ 6, utilizes the data of statistics, Steady Experimental data or online acquisition to determine the concrete numerical value of α and β in real system.
Compared to the prior art, tool has the following advantages in the present invention:
The present invention is by taking into account the frequency voltage characteristic of large disturbances afterload, construct the method for a kind of low-frequency and low-voltage associating off-load, the change of frequency is considered when calculating low-voltage load sheding cutting load amount, the impact of load voltage change on active power is considered when calculating UFLS cutting load amount, and using the maximum of UFLS and low-voltage load sheding cutting load amount as actual cutting load amount to prevent cutting load, compared to UFLS and the low-voltage load sheding method of traditional separate configurations, method of the present invention can make the frequency and voltage of Disturbed Power Systems be recovered faster, more effectively can ensure voltage stability and the frequency stability of electric power system after large disturbances.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the off-the-line schematic diagram of IEEE 39 node system.
Fig. 2 is the frequency of the lonely net load bus in left side after system splitting.
Fig. 3 is the average voltage of the lonely net load bus in left side after system splitting.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, IEEE 39 node system, considers generator regulator and speed regulator, and load adopts power function model and makes middle α=1 of formula (1), β=1.5, the present invention program's medium and low frequency off-load threshold value f kffor 49Hz, 48.8Hz, 48.4Hz, 48.2Hz, 48Hz, corresponding cutting load amount Δ P kfall be set to 7% of the total active power of this node load.Emulation is carried out on Based on Power System Analysis Software Package PSASP.Disturbance form is 0.5 second moment, IEEE39 node system from the off-the-line of X shown in Fig. 1, because the left side meritorious vacancy of orphan's net is serious and distant from generator by end load after off-the-line, sharply falling of the frequency of occurrences and voltage.
Under this disturbance, the calculation procedure of low-frequency and low-voltage associating off-load method of the present invention to cutting load amount is as follows:
(1) optimum configurations and initialization before disturbance.According to the threshold value f that the information setting such as system condition and power system capacity UFLS is often taken turns before disturbance kfwith cutting load amount Δ P kf.UFLS and low-voltage load sheding action frequency are designated as m and n respectively, and make m=n=1.UFLS cutting load amount, low-voltage load sheding cutting load amount and actual cutting load amount are designated as Δ P respectively lf, Δ P lV, Δ P l, and make Δ P lf=Δ P lV=Δ P l=0.Go to step after disturbance (2).
(2) load voltage V is lower than 0.9pu, goes to step (3) and carries out the calculation of low-voltage load sheding cutting load gauge;
(3) load voltage V is lower than 0.9pu, and note goes to the moment t of this step v=t (t is the time) also goes to step (4);
(4) this node first off-load namely meet m=n=1, directly calculate the low-voltage load sheding cutting load amount Δ P of this load bus by formula (1) lVand go to step (8);
(8): the cutting load amount Δ P that the higher value getting UFLS cutting load amount and low-voltage load sheding cutting load amount by formula (6) exports as the outlet of low-frequency and low-voltage associating relay l.It is Δ P that time delay 20ms excises active power size on this load bus lload.Δ P l=Δ P lV, make K v=K v+ 1.After cutting load completes, make Δ P l=Δ P lf=Δ P lV=Δ P 1F=0.Go to step (2).
(2) frequency f is lower than 49Hz, then go to step (5) and carry out the calculation of UFLS cutting load gauge;
(5) frequency f is lower than 49Hz, and note goes to the moment t of this step f=t (t is the time) also goes to step (6);
(6): judge in continuous 0.2s, whether frequency f is not more than UFLS K all the time fwheel threshold value f kf, namely meet formula (3), frequency f meets formula (3), goes to step (7);
(7) K f=1, first add off-load amount by formula (4) the calculating UFLS first round, then calculate UFLS cutting load amount by formula (5).Go to step (8);
(8): the cutting load amount Δ P that the higher value getting UFLS cutting load amount and low-voltage load sheding cutting load amount by formula (6) exports as the outlet of low-frequency and low-voltage associating relay l.It is Δ P that time delay 20ms excises active power size on this load bus lload.Δ P l=Δ P lf, make K f=K f+ 1.After cutting load completes, make Δ P l=Δ P lf=Δ P lV=Δ P 1F=0.Go to step (2).
Circulation repeatedly, carries out low-voltage load sheding 1 time, UFLS 4 times altogether, excises 1271MW load altogether.
Said method is utilized to carry out the effect of the urgent cutting load of self adaptation as follows:
The method of low-frequency and low-voltage associating off-load of the present invention and traditional low-frequency low-voltage load sheding method are compared.The UFLS of conventional method and low-voltage load sheding each round action threshold value, cutting load amount and time delay as shown in Table 1 and Table 2, excise 964MW load after disturbance altogether.
Table 1 traditional low-frequency off-load scheme
Table 2 conventional low off-load scheme
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is the frequency that the effect contrast figure of two kinds of cutting load schemes: Fig. 2 represents the lonely net load bus in left side after after system splitting; Fig. 3 represents the average voltage of the lonely net load bus in left side after system splitting.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, after utilizing conventional method off-load, system frequency hovers over below 48.5Hz, and load busbar voltage also can only return near 0.9pu; And utilize new method off-load of the present invention, due to consider load frequency voltage characteristic, excised 307MW load more, system frequency can return to 50Hz in 30s after disturbance, and load busbar voltage can return to the rated voltage before disturbance generation after disturbance in 15s.Method of the present invention has ensured frequency stability and the voltage stability of electric power system effectively.

Claims (2)

1. a method for low-frequency and low-voltage associating off-load, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) optimum configurations and initialization before disturbance: according to the threshold value f that system condition and power system capacity information setting UFLS are often taken turns before disturbance kfwith cutting load amount Δ P kf, UFLS and low-voltage load sheding action frequency are designated as m and n respectively, and make m=n=1; UFLS cutting load amount, low-voltage load sheding cutting load amount and actual cutting load amount are designated as Δ P respectively lf, Δ P lV, Δ P l, and make Δ P lf=Δ P lV=Δ P l=0, go to step after disturbance (2);
(2) if load voltage V is lower than 0.9pu, then go to step (3) and carry out the calculation of low-voltage load sheding cutting load gauge; If frequency f is lower than 49Hz, then goes to step (5) and carry out the calculation of UFLS cutting load gauge; If voltage V is not less than 0.9pu and frequency f is not less than 49Hz, then after representing off-load, System recover is stablized, and goes to step (1);
(3) if load voltage V is lower than 0.9pu, note goes to the moment t of this step v=t, t are the time, and go to step (4); If load voltage is not less than 0.9pu, if then frequency f is not less than 49Hz, go to step (1), otherwise go to step (3);
(4) if namely off-load meets m=n=1 first, then the low-voltage load sheding cutting load amount Δ P of this load bus is directly calculated by formula (1) lVand go to step (8); If not off-load first, then must judge whether voltage V continues to fall or remain unchanged in continuous 0.5s, namely whether load voltage V meets formula (2), if load voltage V meets formula (2), then calculate low-voltage load sheding cutting load amount according to formula (1) and go to step (8), otherwise going to step (3);
ΔP LV = P L 0 - P L 0 ( V V L 0 ) α × ( f f 0 ) β - - - ( 11 )
Wherein: Δ P lVfor the cutting load amount of low-voltage load sheding, P l0for the load active power of actual measurement, V is the load busbar voltage of actual measurement, V l0for rated load busbar voltage, f is the load bus frequency of actual measurement, f 0for rating system frequency and 50Hz, index α and index β are respectively load active power and load busbar voltage and the relevant degree of load bus frequency in LOAD FREQUENCY voltage characteristic;
dV dt ≤ 0 , t ∈ ( t V , t V + 0.5 s ) - - - ( 2 )
Wherein: t is the time, t vfor going to step (3) moment;
(5) if frequency f is lower than 49Hz, note goes to the moment t of this step f=t, t are the time, and go to step (6); If frequency f is not less than 49Hz, if then voltage V is not less than 0.9pu, goes to step (1), otherwise go to step (5);
(6) judge in continuous 0.2s, whether frequency f is not more than UFLS K all the time fwheel threshold value f kf, namely meet formula (3), if frequency f meets formula (3), then go to step (7), otherwise go to step (5);
f ≤ f K f , t ∈ ( t f , t f + 0.2 s ) - - - ( 3 )
Wherein: f kfrepresent K fthe threshold value of wheel UFLS, t ffor going to step the moment of (5), 0.2s is the time delay that UFLS is often taken turns;
(7) if K f>1 then directly calculates UFLS cutting load amount, if K by formula (5) f=1, then first add off-load amount by formula (4) the calculating UFLS first round, then calculate UFLS cutting load amount by formula (5), go to step (8);
ΔP 1 F = P L 0 ( V V L 0 ) α × ( 49 50 ) β - - - ( 4 )
Wherein: Δ P 1Ffor the additional off-load amount of the UFLS first round;
ΔP Lf = ΔP K f + ΔP 1 F - - - ( 5 )
In formula: Δ P lffor UFLS cutting load amount, Δ P kffor the K set in advance according to system conditions fthe cutting load amount of wheel UFLS;
(8) the cutting load amount Δ P that the higher value getting UFLS cutting load amount and low-voltage load sheding cutting load amount by formula (6) exports as the outlet of low-frequency and low-voltage associating relay l, it is Δ P that time delay 20ms excises active power size on this load bus lload, if Δ P l=Δ P lV, then make m=m+1, otherwise make n=n+1, after cutting load completes, make Δ P l=Δ P lf=Δ P lV=Δ P 1F=0.Go to step (2);
Δ P l=max{ Δ P lf, Δ P lVin (6) formula: Δ P lfor the cutting load amount that reality exports.
2. the method for a kind of low-frequency and low-voltage associating off-load according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described index α value is 0.5 ~ 2, index β value is 1.5 ~ 6, utilizes the data of statistics, Steady Experimental data or online acquisition to determine the concrete numerical value of α and β in real system.
CN201410803402.5A 2014-12-19 2014-12-19 A kind of method of low-frequency and low-voltage associating off-load Expired - Fee Related CN104505840B (en)

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CN105762809A (en) * 2015-11-05 2016-07-13 天津大学 Power system intelligent low-frequency low-voltage load reduction method based on intelligent household electrical appliance
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CN106099936A (en) * 2016-06-18 2016-11-09 安徽海螺建材设计研究院 It is applied to the load adjusting method of cement factory orphan's net electric power system
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CN107482652B (en) * 2017-08-22 2019-01-04 山东大学 A kind of electric system low-frequency load shedding Implementation of Virtual Experiment and system
CN108832636A (en) * 2018-07-10 2018-11-16 福州大学 A kind of distributing low-frequency load shedding control method based on response
CN109659948A (en) * 2019-01-29 2019-04-19 华北电力大学 It is a kind of centralization low-frequency load shedding archipelago differentiate and control method
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