CN104503819A - Assembler for different operating systems (OSes) and assembly transplantation method - Google Patents

Assembler for different operating systems (OSes) and assembly transplantation method Download PDF

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CN104503819A
CN104503819A CN201510003749.6A CN201510003749A CN104503819A CN 104503819 A CN104503819 A CN 104503819A CN 201510003749 A CN201510003749 A CN 201510003749A CN 104503819 A CN104503819 A CN 104503819A
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compilation
assembly routine
different
target assembly
assembler
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Inventor
吕方
卢廷玉
郭磊
闫晓超
黄磊
李星
刘颖
付晓丽
胡丹琪
王晨曦
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Institute of Computing Technology of CAS
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Institute of Computing Technology of CAS
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Abstract

The invention discloses an assembler for different OSes and an assembly transplantation method and relates to the field of computer code transplantation. The method comprises obtaining source codes, encoding the source codes and obtaining source assembly programs; selecting target OSes and converting the source assembly programs into target assembly programs in accordance with assembly formats according to the assembly formats of the target OSes; obtaining application program binary system interface specifications of the target OSes and converting target assembly programs into novel target assembly programs in accordance with the application program binary system interface specifications; for the target OSes, packaging the novel target assembly programs to complete assembly transplantation. By means of the assembler, executable assembly programs towards different target OSes can be converted, and accordingly, code transplantation difficulties caused by different OSes are overcome.

Description

A kind of assembler towards different OS and compilation implantation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to computer code fields of implantation, particularly a kind of assembler towards different OS and compilation implantation method.
Background technology
In recent years, the development of mobile device achieves significant progress, also in the life of people, more and more important role is played, the requirement of people to the performance of mobile device working procedure is more and more higher, and the executable code can developing Effec-tive Function also becomes the target that programmers pursue.Higher-layer programs design language (C/C++, Java) is designed and developed simple and direct, efficient, they are very effective to the practical problems solved in engineer applied, but the optimization of upper language is still rested in the design of top layer, optimization ability has certain limitation, and upper language comparatively substrate change is fast, upper language also has the compatibling problem of high lowest version.
Optimize compilation and be a difficulty and the very strong work of craftsmenship, generally for and the performance of program is promoted to some extent, generally can select by using some optimization options of compiler to carry out compile optimization, more radical way may be directly carry out manual modification to obtain the lifting of performance to compilation.The developer of mobile device needs assembly routine pretty good for one section of performance to move in other operating systems to use often, at this moment their demand often has two aspects: one is the assembly routine in origin operation system efficiently can be transplanted in destination OS, namely does less work as far as possible and just can transplant by the compilation between completion system; It two is passed on by the optimization of source operating system to destination OS, the impact of performance pretty good by the assembly routine in origin system can embody in new platform, but, in actual embedded platform compilation migration process, above-mentioned two demands are all difficult to be met, this is because when assembly routine is transplanted to goal systems from origin system, operating system is different, the compiler result that also the different compilation caused is different, developer manually addresses these problems the cost that requires a great deal of time, and addresses these problems also and be not easy.
For the hardware device of same processor framework, the compilation compiled under the operating system of source often can not run by direct compilation due to the difference of the compiler under the difference of operating system and this system on the machine of destination OS, this makes to be difficult to run on the machine of destination OS through the compilation of compiling or manually optimization under origin system, more effect of optimization cannot be embodied, if run the program with identical function, also need to be reconstructed according to the feature of the compilation of destination OS, and this section of code will be made to have good performance, then suboptimization again will be carried out, this seriously have impact on development efficiency and cost.
After programmer does some code optimization work, performance measuring and evaluating to be carried out to program, for same section of program, in same machines, be often optimized contrast test and appraisal successively, although performance measuring and evaluating data before and after optimizing can be obtained like this, but one section of just identical code, the test and appraisal data of compilation run in different target operating system can't be obtained, the compilation that can not compile with commercial compiler contrasts, this has just lacked the test and appraisal data relative to business compiler, the Optimization Work of a step nearer relative to commercial compiler can not be made, the advantage of commercial compiler can not be used for reference simultaneously.
Patent of invention " realizes the method that communication protocol is transplanted on different operating system ", this invention relates to and a kind ofly realizes the implantation method of communication protocol system on different operating system, in described operating system, the mapping table between intrinsic function interface name and described communication protocol system identifiable design function interface title is set, described operating system receives the call instruction of described communication protocol system, according to above-mentioned mapping table, function interface name translation in above-mentioned call instruction is become corresponding intrinsic function interface name by described operating system, described operating system is according to intrinsic function interface name call function, return described communication protocol system.This invention also discloses and a kind ofly realizes the implant system of communication protocol system on different operating system.Compared to the source code directly revising communication protocol, the original function interface name of this invention masking operation system, make the function interface title of this operating system of communication protocol system identifiable design, reduce amendment source code and debug communication protocol loaded down with trivial details, improve user's service efficiency.But this invention is to realize the implantation method of communication protocol system on different operating system, do not transplant for assembly code, and the invention reside in and carry out compilation towards different operating system and transplant and carry out effect of optimization propagation, foregoing invention has nothing to do with method of the present invention and object.
Patent of invention " a kind of assembly language is to the code conversion method of higher level lanquage and device ", this invention provides a kind of assembly language to the code conversion method of higher level lanquage, comprise acquisition assembly instruction, also comprise: step S100, set up the output text of higher level lanquage, and simulate assembly instruction alignment processing device running environment by this higher-level language code; Step 200, searches the higher level lanquage function that assembly instruction is corresponding, and sets up the mapping relations table between assembly instruction and higher level lanquage function; Step S300, traversal assembly instruction, extracts the data item comprising instruction address, operational character and several operational codes; Step S400, parses all functions, automatically generate and the statement exporting all functions in the output text of higher level lanquage; Step S500, generates corresponding higher-level language code by each function, and outputs in the output text of higher level lanquage; Step S600, adds the auxiliary code making higher-level language code successful execution in output text.Assembly code correctly can be converted to higher level lanquage by the method efficiently.But foregoing invention is the code conversion method providing a kind of assembly language to higher level lanquage, and the present invention is that carrying out compilation towards different operating system transplants, and the method for the present invention and foregoing invention and object have nothing to do.
Summary of the invention
Not enough for prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of assembler towards different OS and compilation method for transformation, to solve above technical matters.
The present invention proposes a kind of compilation implantation method towards different OS, comprising:
Step 1, obtains source code, is compiled by described source code, obtains source assembly routine;
Step 2, select target operating system, according to the compilation form of described destination OS, is converted into the target assembly routine meeting described compilation form by described source assembly routine;
Step 3, obtains the application binaries interface specification of described destination OS, described target assembly routine is converted into the fresh target assembly routine meeting described application binaries interface specification;
Step 4, towards described destination OS, encapsulates described fresh target assembly routine, transplants to complete compilation.
The described compilation implantation method towards different OS, described step 1 also comprises: select 32 bit instruction collection or 64 bit instruction collection.
The described compilation implantation method towards different OS, described step 4 also comprises: the interface of described fresh target assembly routine is supplied to the code run on described destination OS and calls.
The described compilation implantation method towards different OS, also comprises:
The code and described fresh target assembly routine that are used for testing described fresh target assembly routine are encapsulated.
The described compilation implantation method towards different OS, also comprises:
According to the character of described destination OS, described fresh target assembly routine is optimized, to improve the efficiency of described fresh target assembly routine.
The present invention also proposes a kind of assembler towards different OS, comprising:
Collector, for obtaining source code, compiles described source code, obtains source assembly routine;
Format conversion module, select target operating system, according to the compilation form of described destination OS, is converted into the target assembly routine meeting described compilation form by described source assembly routine;
Application binaries interface specification conversion module, for obtaining the application binaries interface specification of described destination OS, is converted into the fresh target assembly routine meeting described application binaries interface specification by described target assembly routine;
Package module, for towards described destination OS, encapsulates described fresh target assembly routine, transforms to complete compilation.
The described assembler towards different OS, described collector is also for selecting 32 bit instruction collection or 64 bit instruction collection.
The described assembler towards different OS, described package module also calls for the interface of described fresh target assembly routine is supplied to the code run on described destination OS.
The described assembler towards different OS, also comprises:
Test package module, for encapsulating the code and described fresh target assembly routine that are used for testing described fresh target assembly routine.
The described assembler towards different OS, also comprises:
Optimize module, for the character according to described destination OS, described fresh target assembly routine is optimized, to improve the efficiency of described fresh target assembly routine.
From above scheme, the invention has the advantages that:
The present invention can meet developer collect transplant and effect of optimization pass on demand, reduce developer and compilation pretty good for used performance is moved to cost in other operating systems, developer does not need in a new system, recompilate assembler code and again optimize, in conjunction with Compiler Optimization or the manual work optimized, compilation after optimizing these transforms transplanting automatically, can be transferred in the mobile device of different target operating system under same processor framework by level and smooth for the effect of optimization of the code after being optimized in operating system mobile device a kind of under same processor framework, this greatly can save the development time, reduce the work load of developer, improve the performance of program in new system simultaneously.
Method of the present invention is by the compilation difference (format differences under comparative analysis same processor different target operating system, ABI difference between rules, library call difference etc.), set up the mapping of the difference that to collect between different platform, and mapping relations are write the different OS assembler of the present invention, the automatic conversion of compilation difference is realized by different OS assembler, the compilation in the operating system of source can be made in destination OS, direct operation can not lose effect of optimization, the feature that the present invention goes back combining target operating system carries out the assembly code optimizing of object-oriented system, and these are optimized the different OS assemblers of write and optimizes option and be supplied to user by optimizing accordingly to be write as and select, do like this, namely achieve compilation to transplant, also propagation is optimized, and provide the optimization of object-oriented operating system.
A different OS assembler provided by the invention simultaneously, can the generation compilation under linux be converted to the compilation that the mobile device of Android, iOS, Windows operating system can run, make to be transplanted to through compiler or the manual compilation optimized under linux directly to run on these mobile devices, thus improve developer's efficiency and program feature, also do not have similar solution in the market, the present invention has the following advantages:
Overcome the barrier that OS brings, the difference section collected under contrasting same processor framework different operating system by analysis, and consider ABI inconsistence problems, the present invention sets up the mapping of the compilation difference between system, and the conversion of these mappings will be realized in different OS assembler, the compilation compiled under the operating system of such source, can convert the compilation run towards different target operating system to through different OS assembler of the present invention, so just overcome the difficulty of the code migrating that different OS brings;
Benefit to optimize and propagate, performance optimization is smoothly propagated into new platform, utilize different OS assembler of the present invention code under the operating system of source directly can be converted to Optimized code under different target operating system, complete the propagation of effect of optimization;
Benefit optimization fusion, the advantage of commercial compiler is incorporated existing platform by performance evaluation basis, by using different OS assembler, compilation in origin system is converted into the compilation of each goal systems, and commercially existing mobile terminal directly runs, the present invention can obtain the performance measuring and evaluating data be compiled in new system in origin system, this can contrast with the compilation performance measuring and evaluating data on origin system, it is good not which Optimization Work of compiler can knowing in origin system by analysis does, and reason wherein, the Compiler Optimization performance in origin system is improved with this.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the assembler structural drawing towards different OS;
Fig. 2 is the assembler workflow diagram towards different OS;
Wherein Reference numeral is:
Step 100 is the assembler specific works flow process towards different OS, comprising:
Step 101/102/103/104/105/106/107/108/109.
Embodiment
In detail the specific embodiment of the present invention is described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Be below overall flow of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1:
Automatic conversion source is assembled into the compilation run towards different operating system.User can select, towards 32 or 64 bit instruction collection, the crossstool of source code on linux is compiled as source compilation, again select towards the destination OS of mobile device, the conversion options for different target operating system provided with assembler is changed, and the option that assembler can provide according to user generates the compilation under respective selection automatically.For the destination OS that user selects, and the option that assembler provides, generate the compilation that can run, the destination OS of selection is different, and assembler option is different, and assembler generates executable different compilation.
Towards different operating system, assembler carries out the optimization of compilation level.Compilation conversion after assembler of the present invention supports compiler to optimize source code, the optimization of object-oriented operating system is provided simultaneously, while guaranteeing the performability being compiled on destination OS after transforming, for different operating system, the present invention is by analyzing contrast, and the compilation of amendment hot-zone obtains the lifting of performance, and by amendment write assembler, be supplied to user and optimize option accordingly, realize the Automatic Optimal of assembler towards different OS.Different operating system carries out different optimization, the invention provides one like this and optimizes set of choices.By using different assemblers to optimize option, obtain different effect of optimizations under the operating system can selected user, user can select according to the characteristic of oneself program, performance is improved and maximizes.
Be below concrete steps of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2: first user optimizes option to the operating system of mobile device and different OS assembler and select, the compilation of source operating system is converted into by assembler module corresponding to different OS assembler scheduling option the compilation that destination OS can run.Processor architecture used herein is identical, and optional mobile device operation system has: Android, Wp8, iOS; Optional instruction set has: 32 bit instruction collection and 64 bit instruction collection.
Perform step 101, user's selected target instruction set, different OS assembler generates source compilation.Because the assembly instruction of 32 bit instruction collection and 64 bit instruction collection is widely different, the present invention only transforms the compilation with same instruction set, user specifies 32 or 64 bit instruction collection according to the destination OS parameter of oneself, perform step 102, generate under different OS assembler calls linux command adapted thereto integrate compilation crossstool is collected in the source of compilation of source code as command adapted thereto collection;
Perform step 103, user's select target OS (OS is operating system, and in the present invention, OS all represents operating system), collect under different OS assembler process source operating system and destination OS format differences, generation target assembly routine.Different OS assembler inner structure is divided into the module processing these three kinds of mobile device operation system compilations of Android, Windows, iOS respectively, performs step 104, the compilation format mapping that platform is relevant.The compilation that assembler can adapt to often kind of destination OS generating platform, the transit relationship that assembler is assembled into destination OS compilation by aspect foundation such as pseudoinstruction, instruction, constant, function name modification rules by source carries out automatic transfer, solve compilation format differences problem, such as, the format differences of pseudoinstruction, the pseudoinstructions such as .cpu .type that collect under such as linux can report an error under iOS environment, and so the present invention comments out these instructions; The difference of order format, the instructions such as bcc, bcs, beq of collecting under such as linux will be converted to b.cc, b.cs, b.eq under iOS;
Perform step 105, the ABI that platform is relevant maps.Process ABI in different OS (application binaries interface) specification inconsistence problems, target assembly routine is converted into the fresh target assembly routine meeting described application binaries interface specification.Because the ABI specification of different operating system is inconsistent, so when compilation is transplanted, more complicated compilation amending method is often needed to solve this problem, such as, be compiled under linux deposit function parameter time standby be x0-x7 register, the function parameter exceeding 8 parameters will be placed on stack, and in iOS environment, be compiled in when depositing function parameter and use x0-x2 register, the function parameter exceeding 3 parameters is placed on stack, if containing the function of variable element list in source program, in compilation, function parameter distributes and there will be problem, when turning to iOS to collect by the compilation under linux, the parameter that function was placed in x2-x7 register originally can lose efficacy, and the compilation in iOS except reading except parameter in x0-x2, also to read parameter from stack, unpredictable consequence can be caused like this, often make program crashing, the solution of assembler is, the stack space of compilation is expanded, the space of depositing parameter is vacateed to stack, iOS is placed on the value on x2-x7 register, be pressed in stack successively and solve problem, and for example, calling system function in compilation under linux, does not need the statement carrying out function, and under Wp8, use system function, then need the statement of inserting the function that will use in compilation, such as, will use bl sprintf, then will state import sprintf to sprintf.
Perform step 106, object-oriented platform, carry out the code wrap of target platform adaptation, the interface interchange that the program being supplied to goal systems can be called uses the function collecting and provide, and the interface by described fresh target assembly routine is supplied to described destination OS.After the format differences that object-oriented operating system has revised compilation and ABI inconsistence problems, just the part being not suitable for destination OS in the assembly code of source is replaced and deleted, to guarantee the instruction correctness on the target system in the compilation of source, but be directly put in destination OS and can't directly run, the assembly code lacked in goal systems does and is connected.If want the seamless connection of code namely directly can run in goal systems, the present invention also wants object-oriented system to encapsulate, namely the compilation of goal systems is added in the compilation of different OS assembler after first three step process, make whole assembling file can compile by also true(-)running in goal systems, and the function interface that can call is provided to goal systems, program in goal systems can pass through calling interface, the function collecting and provide is provided, such as, need to need to add ARM AREA|.text| at the head of assembling file, CODE, READONLY, ARM just can make assembling file overall compiling under windows phone pass through, for another example, EXPORT| is added? test@@YAPADXZ| states, calls to source code to provide char*test () function.
Perform step 107, code optimization, performance test encapsulates, and provides performance measuring and evaluating data, the code and described fresh target assembly routine that are used for testing described fresh target assembly routine is encapsulated.Complete source compilation from linux to destination OS compilation conversion and encapsulation after, destination OS can use this paragraph assembly by calling interface.Assembler provides the further encapsulation for performance measuring and evaluating, namely assembler provides code compilation being carried out to performance test, the C code that can run in goal systems is provided, compilation is called in code, and embed Time scale function, estimate working time of collecting, be supplied to the performance rating data of the visual assembly routine of developer one, the present invention can utilize these test and appraisal data to contrast on different operating system, consider operating system and these factors of ardware feature under this system simultaneously, thering is provided to program feature more can reference data, its advantage is incorporated existing platform by the basis to commercial compiler performance evaluation, be such as compilation by one section of identical C code compilation, Android is converted to by different OS assembler of the present invention, windows phone, with the compilation under iOS, in conjunction with the feature of these systems, by changing places different in compilation, estimate the time that compilation runs, if the compilation under certain platform obtains performance boost, the change of performance boost then these can be brought to write different OS assembler and to realize conversion automatically, and test this change and realize bringing performance boost in compiler of the present invention.
Perform step 109, optimize encapsulation, carry out iteration optimization for target platform, the optimization option of object-oriented platform is provided, according to the character of described destination OS, described fresh target assembly routine is optimized, to improve the efficiency of described fresh target assembly routine, then performs step 108, whether there is optimization space, if have optimization space, then perform step 107, otherwise end operation.Good performance is had in order to make the compilation be transplanted in different target operating system, the characteristic of combining target system of the present invention, compilation is optimized, and in different OS assembler of the present invention, write the automatic realization of such optimization, and write the automatic realization of these different optimizations as optimization option, when conversion compilation, user only need select to optimize option accordingly, different OS assembler will realize in the compilation of user's conversion according to optimizing optimization corresponding to option, user is when the different OS assembler of use is changed, can when select target operating system, the optimization option provided under selecting corresponding system generates target compilation, the compilation that select target system option generating platform adapts to, select to optimize option then compilation to be optimized according to option.For the developer of different OS assembler, because there is whole compilation transfer tool, the compilation conversion between system can be realized easily, the improvement of the performance of the compilation of object-oriented system can be devoted to, and need not be perplexed by transplanting this loaded down with trivial details work, the realization of the improving performance of acquisition can write again different OS and collect in converter, by such iteration, the present invention finally can realize the transplanting of collecting, and makes this paragraph assembly obtain good performance.The Compilation function of such as assembler to shorter size of code is directly embedded into point of invocation, and the stack space of caller is revised accordingly, to make the new function that obtains can true(-)running, user only needs the line number parameter providing functional parameter and size of code, assembler identifies automatically, and the function of callee is embedded into point of invocation, which reduce the function call of assembly level.
Assembler towards different OS of the present invention comprises with lower module:
Collector, for obtaining source code, compiles described source code, obtains source assembly routine;
Format conversion module, select target operating system, according to the compilation form of described destination OS, is converted into the target assembly routine meeting described compilation form by described source assembly routine, wherein also for selecting 32 bit instruction collection or 64 bit instruction collection;
Application binaries interface specification conversion module, for obtaining the application binaries interface specification of described destination OS, is converted into the fresh target assembly routine meeting described application binaries interface specification by described target assembly routine;
Package module, for towards described destination OS, described fresh target assembly routine is encapsulated, transforms to complete compilation, wherein also call for the interface of described fresh target assembly routine is supplied to the code run on described destination OS.
Test package module, for encapsulating the code and described fresh target assembly routine that are used for testing described fresh target assembly routine.
Optimize module, for the character according to described destination OS, described fresh target assembly routine is optimized, to improve the efficiency of described fresh target assembly routine.

Claims (10)

1., towards a compilation implantation method of different OS, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Step 1, obtains source code, is compiled by described source code, obtains source assembly routine;
Step 2, select target operating system, according to the compilation form of described destination OS, is converted into the target assembly routine meeting described compilation form by described source assembly routine;
Step 3, obtains the application binaries interface specification of described destination OS, described target assembly routine is converted into the fresh target assembly routine meeting described application binaries interface specification;
Step 4, towards described destination OS, encapsulates described fresh target assembly routine, transplants to complete compilation.
2., as claimed in claim 1 towards the compilation implantation method of different OS, it is characterized in that, described step 1 also comprises: select 32 bit instruction collection or 64 bit instruction collection.
3., as claimed in claim 1 towards the compilation implantation method of different OS, it is characterized in that, described step 4 also comprises: the interface of described fresh target assembly routine is supplied to the code run on described destination OS and calls.
4., as claimed in claim 1 towards the compilation implantation method of different OS, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
The code and described fresh target assembly routine that are used for testing described fresh target assembly routine are encapsulated.
5., as claimed in claim 1 towards the compilation implantation method of different OS, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
According to the character of described destination OS, described fresh target assembly routine is optimized, to improve the efficiency of described fresh target assembly routine.
6. towards an assembler of different OS, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Collector, for obtaining source code, compiles described source code, obtains source assembly routine;
Format conversion module, select target operating system, according to the compilation form of described destination OS, is converted into the target assembly routine meeting described compilation form by described source assembly routine;
Application binaries interface specification conversion module, for obtaining the application binaries interface specification of described destination OS, is converted into the fresh target assembly routine meeting described application binaries interface specification by described target assembly routine;
Package module, for towards described destination OS, encapsulates described fresh target assembly routine, transforms to complete compilation.
7., as claimed in claim 6 towards the assembler of different OS, it is characterized in that, described collector is also for selecting 32 bit instruction collection or 64 bit instruction collection.
8., as claimed in claim 6 towards the assembler of different OS, it is characterized in that, described package module also calls for the interface of described fresh target assembly routine is supplied to the code run on described destination OS.
9., as claimed in claim 6 towards the assembler of different OS, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
Test package module, for encapsulating the code and described fresh target assembly routine that are used for testing described fresh target assembly routine.
10., as claimed in claim 6 towards the assembler of different OS, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
Optimize module, for the character according to described destination OS, described fresh target assembly routine is optimized, to improve the efficiency of described fresh target assembly routine.
CN201510003749.6A 2015-01-05 2015-01-05 Assembler for different operating systems (OSes) and assembly transplantation method Pending CN104503819A (en)

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Application publication date: 20150408