CN104498678A - Graphene solid quenching and cooling medium as well as preparation method and application - Google Patents
Graphene solid quenching and cooling medium as well as preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a graphene solid quenching and cooling medium. The graphene solid quenching and cooling medium is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 0-10 parts of graphene with a particle size of 0.1mu m, 0-10 parts of graphene with a particle size of 0.5mu m, 0-10 parts of graphene with a particle size of 10mu m, 0-10 parts of graphene with a particle size of 20mu m, 0-50 parts of graphene with a particle size of 30mu m, 0-10 parts of graphene with a particle size of 40mu m, 10-90 parts of graphene with a particle size of 50mu m and 10-60 parts of graphene with a particle size of 100-1000mu m. The preparation method of the graphene solid quenching and cooling medium comprising the following steps of: firstly, processing graphene into granular micro powder with the required particle sizes; then dispersing the solid granular micro powder of graphene into water fully according to a matching requirement, thinning the dispersed solid granular micro powder of graphene in a spreading way, putting the thinned solid granular micro powder of graphene into a drying oven at the temperature of 100 DEG C, and dewatering for 2 hours; and finally mixing the dewatered solid granular micro powder of graphene with copper powder uniformly. The graphene solid quenching and cooling medium is used for quenching and cooling metal parts and can meet the requirements of metal parts for mechanical properties and deformation precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Graphene solid quenching medium and preparation method and application.
Background technology
The various component overwhelming majority of composition mechanized equipment needs just can possess physics, chemistry and mechanical property required by people through quenching and tempering process.
Quenching process steel-iron components is heated to high temperature (>850 DEG C) to carry out austenitizing, then heat-eliminating medium (water, oil) is placed in rapidly, wish, in very short time (0 ~ several seconds), high temperature (850 DEG C ~ 1050 DEG C) metal parts is cooled to about 300 DEG C, to avoid austenite to the transformation of non-martensite; Below 300 DEG C, it is desirable to be chilled to room temperature with cooling rate more slowly, the distortion caused to structural stress during martensitic transformation and thermal stresses to avoid austenite and cracking.Only has satisfied such condition, the mechanical property that just can be satisfied with most and the component of minimal deformation.
Traditional liquid hardening heat-eliminating medium generally has two classes: a class is simple tap water or the water-based hardening liquid containing various additive; Another kind of is simple mineral oil or the mineral oil containing various additive.
The cooling characteristic of water is: not enough in hot stage (steam film) cooling power, too high in cold stage cooling power, therefore, handled part both easily produced soft spots, had again very large distortion, even ftractureed.Add various additive in water after, this situation makes moderate progress, but effect is unsatisfactory.And in use, easily there is chemical reaction and change character thus change the characteristic of water-based hardening liquid in additive wherein, thus in use needs its aged deterioration situation of close tracking monitor, use and handling cost higher.
The cooling characteristic of oil is: although have cooling characteristic more slowly at cold stage, be also significantly less than the expected value of people in the cooling power of hot stage.Little at the parts quenching deformation ratio water of oil quenching, but there is lower hardness, the defect that quench-hardened case is more shallow.Add various additive in oil after, this situation makes moderate progress, but effect is unsatisfactory.And in use, easily there is chemical reaction and change character thus the characteristic changing oil base hardening liquid in additive wherein, thus in use needs its aged deterioration situation of close tracking monitor, use and handling cost higher.
In a word, there is following shortcoming in above-mentioned quenching medium:
The shortcoming of water:
High temperature section cooling rate is slow, and low-temperature zone cooling rate is fast, and cause part soft spots and strain cracking, scrap rate is very high.Various water-based hardening liquid easily produce rotten, aging, poisonous, irritant, have pollution etc.In addition, the cooling characteristic of water and water-based hardening liquid is too responsive to the change of water temperature, and this is the important factor causing the part with step, groove and hole class to produce distortion.
The shortcoming of oil:
High temperature section cooling is slow, quenches do not get angry to a lot of steel grade; Easy generation cracking and polymerization and deterioration by oxidation, easily aging, working parts strap output lossy serious, quenching time oil smoke seriously polluted greatly, production environment severe, costly.
Above-mentioned medium common defects also has: rotten and aging in order to tackle, and often need measure viscosity, acid number, ash content, composition, cooling towers group and often need whole updating hardening liquid etc., cause use and handling cost high.
The problem on deformation that traditional liquid heat-eliminating medium produces can also be tolerated for the part that some precision are lower, and for modern times a large amount of precision manufactureing, because the material property of traditional liquid heat-eliminating medium determined, which kind of no matter add additive to be also difficult to change the particular attribute of its liquid substance when cooling, thus its quench cooled characteristic and stress deformation effect are difficult to reach gratifying effect, although various additive makes moderate progress to its deficiency, simultaneously with side effect.
Chinese patent application CN 104059618 A discloses a kind of engine graphene oxide water-free cooling and preparation method thereof, engine graphene oxide water-free cooling, the graphene oxide that the propylene glycol that the ethylene glycol, the weight percent that are 30 ~ 65% by weight percent are 30 ~ 65%, weight percent are 0.2 ~ 3%, weight percent be 0.2 ~ 2% silicone antifoam agent and weight percent be 0.7 ~ 8% composite corrosion inhibitor mix and stir to dissolving and obtaining water-free cooling.Not moisture in this cooling fluid, and have multiple components mixed configuration to form, cost is high, and stability is poor, and only can be applicable to engine, the scope of application is narrow.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of Graphene solid quenching medium and preparation method and application are provided, adopt this Graphene solid quenching medium can meet metal parts, the especially requirement of high degree of accuracy metallic element mechanical property and deformation accuracy.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of Graphene solid quenching medium, be mixed to form by following varigrained Graphene by weight: granularity is 0.01 micron 10 parts, granularity is 0.1 micron 10 parts, and granularity is 10 microns 10 parts, and granularity is 50 microns 10 parts, and granularity is 100 microns 50 parts.
Preferably, comprise by weight: granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 0.1 micron, granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 0.5 micron, granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 10 microns, granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 50 microns, and granularity is Graphene 0-50 part of 100 microns, and granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 500 microns, granularity is Graphene 10-90 part of 100 microns, and granularity is copper powder 10-60 part of 100-1000 micron.
Preferably, comprise by weight: granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 1 micron, granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 10 microns, granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 30 microns, granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 50 microns, granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 100 microns, and granularity is Graphene 50-90 part of 100 microns, and granularity is the aluminium powder 10 parts of 500-1000 micron.
Preferably, comprise by weight: granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 10 microns, granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 20 microns, granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 30 microns, granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 40 microns, granularity is Graphene 50-90 part of 50 microns, and granularity is 10 parts, the silver powder of 1000 microns.
Preferably, comprise by weight: granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 20 microns, granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 30 microns, and granularity is the Graphene 50 parts of 40 microns, and granularity is the copper powder 20 parts of 1000 microns, and granularity is the aluminium powder 10 parts of 100 microns.
Further, the preparation method of above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme,
First, Graphene is machined to the micro powder granule of required granularity;
Secondly, according to ratio requirement, Graphene solid micro-powder particle is fully disperseed in a liquid;
Then, the baking oven being placed in 100 DEG C of being made thinner by the Graphene solid micro-powder particle after dispersion dewaters for 2 hours;
Finally by Graphene solid micro-powder particle, silver varigrained with different ratios or copper or aluminium powder material mix respectively; Or mix with copper and aluminium powder material.
Further, Graphene solid quenching medium prepared by above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme is applied in the quench cooled of metal parts.
To it has been found that at present and in the material utilized, Graphene has the maximum capacity of heat transmission.
The thermal conductivity of various material
| Material | Thermal conductivity w/mk |
| Graphene | 4800--5300 |
| Silver | 429 |
| Copper | 401 |
| Aluminium | 237 |
| Gold | 317 |
| Water | 0.54 |
| Transformer oil | 0.128 |
| Diesel oil | 0.12 |
As can be seen from numerical value in showing above, the capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is 12 times of silver, 13 times of copper, more than 9260 times of water, 38460 times of oil.
As everyone knows, the process of cooling of cooled material is actually the heat exchanging process of heat-eliminating medium and cooled material, and namely the heat of cooled material gives heat-eliminating medium by heat exchange mechanism transmission.From physics, the thermal conductivity of heat-eliminating medium is larger, and namely thermal conductivity is better, then cold faster of cooled material, and namely the cooling power of heat-eliminating medium is better.In all substances that nature has been found at present, Graphene has the strongest capacity of heat transmission, and namely Graphene has maximum thermal conductivity.Therefore, Graphene is best suited for as heat-eliminating medium.
Because Graphene is solid-state fine particle state, when using as quenching medium, its cooling mechanism is thermal conduction mechanism, and at hot stage, because the temperature difference between cooled material and Graphene is very large, therefore, high temperature cooling rate is very large; At cold stage, because the temperature difference between cooled material and Graphene is very little, therefore, low temperature cooling rate is very little.
This feature height meets metal parts optimal cooling characteristic requirement when quench cooled.Owing to having such characteristic, Graphene is used for quench cooled and can meets all metal partss, the especially requirement of high degree of accuracy metallic element mechanical property and deformation accuracy.
In order to meet cooling performance requirement to differing materials, different shapes component, during preparation, adopt the material such as metallic aluminium, copper, silver, graphite particle adding different ratios can sensitive adjustment cooling towers group.
Graphene solid cooling medium is except above-mentioned major advantage, Graphene solid cooling medium also has various advantages in use and management aspect, such as: production process does not almost consume, the decarburization of processed workpiece non-oxidation, workpiece surface clean bright, not aging, pollution-free, work situation is quite superior, really achieves no consumption, without discharging production process.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is this Graphene cooling characteristic figure;
Fig. 2 is Ф 500 times, the 40 millimeter of 45 steel core portion metallurgical tissue picture after the quenching of Graphene solid quenching medium.
Fig. 3 is Ф 500 times, the 30 millimeter of 45 steel core portion metallurgical tissue picture after traditional quenching medium quenching.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1: by weight, granularity is 0.01 micron 10 parts, and granularity is 0.1 micron 10 parts, and granularity is 10 micron 10, part, and granularity is 50 microns 10 parts, and granularity is 100 microns 50 parts (they being all Graphene);
Preparation method,
First, Graphene is machined to the micro powder granule of required granularity;
Secondly, according to ratio requirement, Graphene solid micro-powder particle is fully disperseed in a liquid;
Then, the baking oven being placed in 100 DEG C of being made thinner by the Graphene solid micro-powder particle after dispersion dewaters for 2 hours;
Finally, the Graphene solid micro-powder particle after dehydration is mixed.
The Graphene solid quenching medium of above-mentioned preparation is applied in the quench cooled of metal parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is 12 times of silver, and being 13 times of copper, is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
As everyone knows, the process of cooling of cooled material is actually the heat exchanging process of heat-eliminating medium and cooled material, and namely the heat of cooled material gives heat-eliminating medium by heat exchange mechanism transmission.From physics, the thermal conductivity of heat-eliminating medium is larger, and namely thermal conductivity is better, then cold faster of cooled material, and we just say that the cooling power of heat-eliminating medium is better.In all substances that nature has been found at present, Graphene has the strongest capacity of heat transmission, and namely Graphene has maximum thermal conductivity.
Therefore, it is best suited for as heat-eliminating medium.Because Graphene is solid-state fine particle state, when using as quenching medium, its cooling mechanism is thermal conduction mechanism, and at hot stage, because the temperature difference between cooled material and Graphene is very large, therefore, high temperature cooling rate is very large; At cold stage, because the temperature difference between cooled material and Graphene is very little, therefore, low temperature cooling rate is very little.As shown in Figure 1.
This feature height meets metal parts optimal cooling characteristic requirement when quench cooled.Owing to having such characteristic, Graphene is used for quench cooled and can meets all metal partss, the especially requirement of high degree of accuracy metallic element mechanical property and deformation accuracy.
Compare with wet goods liquid cooling medium with water (in the identical situation of sample material used), when quenching-in water, when diameter is greater than 20 millimeters, heart portion just there will be non-martensite microstructure; When oil quenching, when diameter is greater than 15 millimeters, heart portion just there will be non-martensite microstructure.
Above-mentioned caption, the cooling performance of solid graphene quenching medium is better than the cooling performance of the water of traditional liquid (various water-based hardening liquid) or oil (mineral oil containing various additive) really.
Embodiment 2: by weight, granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 0.1 micron, and granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 0.5 micron, granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 10 microns, granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 50 microns, and granularity is the Graphene 50 parts of 100 microns, and granularity is the copper powder 10 parts of 100 microns.
Preparation method,
First, Graphene is machined to the micro powder granule of required granularity;
Secondly, according to ratio requirement, Graphene solid micro-powder particle is fully disperseed in water;
Then, the baking oven being placed in 100 DEG C of being made thinner by the Graphene solid micro-powder particle after dispersion dewaters for 2 hours;
Finally, the Graphene solid micro-powder particle after dehydration is mixed with copper powder material.
The Graphene solid quenching medium prepared by such scheme is applied in the quench cooled of metal parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is 12 times of silver, 13 times of copper, more than 9260 times of water, 38460 times of oil.
As everyone knows, the process of cooling of cooled material is actually the heat exchanging process of heat-eliminating medium and cooled material, and namely the heat of cooled material gives heat-eliminating medium by heat exchange mechanism transmission.From physics, the thermal conductivity of heat-eliminating medium is larger, and namely thermal conductivity is better, then cold faster of cooled material, and we just say that the cooling power of heat-eliminating medium is better.In all substances that nature has been found at present, Graphene has the strongest capacity of heat transmission, and namely Graphene has maximum thermal conductivity.
Therefore, it is best suited for as heat-eliminating medium.Because Graphene is solid-state fine particle state, when using as quenching medium, its cooling mechanism is thermal conduction mechanism, and at hot stage, because the temperature difference between cooled material and Graphene is very large, therefore, high temperature cooling rate is very large; At cold stage, because the temperature difference between cooled material and Graphene is very little, therefore, low high temperature cooling rate is very little.As shown in Figure 1.
This feature height meets metal parts optimal cooling characteristic requirement when quench cooled.Owing to having such characteristic, Graphene is used for quench cooled and can meets all metal partss, the especially requirement of high degree of accuracy metallic element mechanical property and deformation accuracy.
Compare with wet goods liquid cooling medium with water (in the identical situation of sample used), when quenching-in water, when diameter is greater than 20 millimeters, heart portion just there will be non-martensite microstructure, when oil quenching, when diameter is greater than 15 millimeters, heart portion just there will be non-martensite microstructure.
Fig. 2 is Ф 500 times, the 40 millimeter of 45 steel core portion metallurgical tissue picture after the quenching of Graphene solid quenching medium.Visible is all martensite, illustrates that non-martensite transformation does not occur austenite in process of cooling.
Fig. 3 is Ф 500 times, the 30 millimeter of 45 steel core portion metallurgical tissue picture after traditional quenching medium quenching.Having there is a large amount of proeutectoid ferrite in visible heart portion, to illustrate that in process of cooling austenite there occurs and change to non-martensite.This is not allowed in actual production.
Comparison diagram 2 and Fig. 3, quenching test proves, the cooling power of Graphene solid quenching medium is obviously greater than the cooling performance of traditional liquid quenching medium (various water-based hardening liquid) or oil (mineral oil containing various additive).
Embodiment 3: by weight, granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 1 micron, and granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 10 microns, granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 30 microns, granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 40 microns, and granularity is the Graphene 50 parts of 50 microns, and granularity is 500 microns of aluminium powders 10 parts.
Preparation method,
First, Graphene is machined to the micro powder granule of required granularity;
Secondly, according to ratio requirement, Graphene solid micro-powder particle is fully disperseed in water;
Then, the baking oven being placed in 100 DEG C of being made thinner by the Graphene solid micro-powder particle after dispersion dewaters for 2 hours;
Finally, the Graphene solid micro-powder particle after dehydration is mixed with aluminium powder material.
The Graphene solid quenching medium prepared by such scheme is applied in the quench cooled of metal parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is 12 times of silver, 13 times of copper, more than 9260 times of water, 38460 times of oil.
As everyone knows, the process of cooling of cooled material is actually the heat exchanging process of heat-eliminating medium and cooled material, and namely the heat of cooled material gives heat-eliminating medium by heat exchange mechanism transmission.From physics, the thermal conductivity of heat-eliminating medium is larger, and namely thermal conductivity is better, then cold faster of cooled material, and we just say that the cooling power of heat-eliminating medium is better.In all substances that nature has been found at present, Graphene has the strongest capacity of heat transmission, and namely Graphene has maximum thermal conductivity.
Therefore, it is best suited for as heat-eliminating medium.Because Graphene is solid-state fine particle state, when using as quenching medium, its cooling mechanism is thermal conduction mechanism, and at hot stage, because the temperature difference between cooled material and Graphene is very large, therefore, high temperature cooling rate is very large; At cold stage, because the temperature difference between cooled material and Graphene is very little, therefore, low temperature cooling rate is very little.As shown in Figure 1.
This feature height meets metal parts optimal cooling characteristic requirement when quench cooled.Owing to having such characteristic, Graphene is used for quench cooled and can meets all metal partss, the especially requirement of high degree of accuracy metallic element mechanical property and deformation accuracy.
Embodiment 4: by weight, granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 10 microns, and granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 20 microns, granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 30 microns, granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 40 microns, granularity is the Graphene 50 parts of 50 microns, and granularity is 10 parts, the silver powder of 1000 microns.
Preparation method,
First, Graphene is machined to the micro powder granule of required granularity;
Secondly, according to ratio requirement, Graphene solid micro-powder particle is fully disperseed in water;
Then, the baking oven being placed in 100 DEG C of being made thinner by the Graphene solid micro-powder particle after dispersion dewaters for 2 hours;
Finally, the Graphene solid micro-powder particle after dehydration is mixed with silver powder material.
The Graphene solid quenching medium prepared by such scheme is applied in the quench cooled of metal parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is 12 times of silver, 13 times of copper, more than 9260 times of water, 38460 times of oil.
As everyone knows, the process of cooling of cooled material is actually the heat exchanging process of heat-eliminating medium and cooled material, and namely the heat of cooled material gives heat-eliminating medium by heat exchange mechanism transmission.From physics, the thermal conductivity of heat-eliminating medium is larger, and namely thermal conductivity is better, then cold faster of cooled material, and we just say that the cooling power of heat-eliminating medium is better.In all substances that nature has been found at present, Graphene has the strongest capacity of heat transmission, and namely Graphene has maximum thermal conductivity.
Therefore, it is best suited for as heat-eliminating medium.Because Graphene is solid-state fine particle state, when using as quenching medium, its cooling mechanism is thermal conduction mechanism, and at hot stage, because the temperature difference between cooled material and Graphene is very large, therefore, high temperature cooling rate is very large; At cold stage, because the temperature difference between cooled material and Graphene is very little, therefore, low temperature cooling rate is very little.As shown in Figure 1.
This feature height meets metal parts optimal cooling characteristic requirement when quench cooled.Owing to having such characteristic, Graphene is used for quench cooled and can meets all metal partss, the especially requirement of high degree of accuracy metallic element mechanical property and deformation accuracy.
Embodiment 5: by weight, granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 10 microns, and granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 20 microns, and granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 30 microns, and granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 50 microns, and granularity is 1000 Micron Copper Powder 60 parts.
Preparation method,
First, Graphene is machined to the micro powder granule of required granularity;
Secondly, according to ratio requirement, Graphene solid micro-powder particle is fully disperseed in water;
Then, the baking oven being placed in 100 DEG C of being made thinner by the Graphene solid micro-powder particle after dispersion dewaters for 2 hours;
Finally, the Graphene solid micro-powder particle after dehydration is mixed with copper powder material.
The Graphene solid quenching medium prepared by such scheme is applied in the quench cooled of metal parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is 12 times of silver, and being 13 times of copper, is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
As everyone knows, the process of cooling of cooled material is actually the heat exchanging process of heat-eliminating medium and cooled material, and namely the heat of cooled material gives heat-eliminating medium by heat exchange mechanism transmission.From physics, the thermal conductivity of heat-eliminating medium is larger, and namely thermal conductivity is better, then cold faster of cooled material, and we just say that the cooling power of heat-eliminating medium is better.In all substances that nature has been found at present, Graphene has the strongest capacity of heat transmission, and namely Graphene has maximum thermal conductivity.
Therefore, it is best suited for as heat-eliminating medium.Because Graphene is solid-state fine particle state, when using as quenching medium, its cooling mechanism is thermal conduction mechanism, and at hot stage, because the temperature difference between cooled material and Graphene is very large, therefore, high temperature cooling rate is very large; At cold stage, because the temperature difference between cooled material and Graphene is very little, therefore, low temperature cooling rate is very little.As shown in Figure 1.
This feature height meets metal parts optimal cooling characteristic requirement when quench cooled.Owing to having such characteristic, Graphene is used for quench cooled and can meets all metal partss, the especially requirement of high degree of accuracy metallic element mechanical property and deformation accuracy.
Embodiment 6: by weight, granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 10 microns, and granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 30 microns, and granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 40 microns, and granularity is the Graphene 50 parts of 50 microns, and granularity is 100 Micron Copper Powder 20 parts.
Preparation method,
First, Graphene is machined to the micro powder granule of required granularity;
Secondly, according to ratio requirement, Graphene solid micro-powder particle is fully disperseed in water;
Then, the baking oven being placed in 100 DEG C of being made thinner by the Graphene solid micro-powder particle after dispersion dewaters for 2 hours;
Finally, the Graphene solid micro-powder particle after dehydration is mixed with copper powder material.
The Graphene solid quenching medium prepared by such scheme is applied in the quench cooled of metal parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is 12 times of silver, and being 13 times of copper, is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
As everyone knows, the process of cooling of cooled material is actually the heat exchanging process of heat-eliminating medium and cooled material, and namely the heat of cooled material gives heat-eliminating medium by heat exchange mechanism transmission.From physics, the thermal conductivity of heat-eliminating medium is larger, and namely thermal conductivity is better, then cold faster of cooled material, and we just say that the cooling power of heat-eliminating medium is better.In all substances that nature has been found at present, Graphene has the strongest capacity of heat transmission, and namely Graphene has maximum thermal conductivity.
Therefore, it is best suited for as heat-eliminating medium.Because Graphene is solid-state fine particle state, when using as quenching medium, its cooling mechanism is thermal conduction mechanism, and at hot stage, because the temperature difference between cooled material and Graphene is very large, therefore, high temperature cooling rate is very large; At cold stage, because the temperature difference between cooled material and Graphene is very little, therefore, low temperature cooling rate is very little.As shown in Figure 1.
This feature height meets metal parts optimal cooling characteristic requirement when quench cooled.Owing to having such characteristic, Graphene is used for quench cooled and can meets all metal partss, the especially requirement of high degree of accuracy metallic element mechanical property and deformation accuracy.
Embodiment 7: by weight, granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 20 microns, and granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 30 microns, and granularity is the Graphene 50 parts of 40 microns, and granularity is the copper powder 20 parts of 100 microns, and granularity is the aluminium powder 10 parts of 100 microns.
Preparation method,
First, Graphene is machined to the micro powder granule of required granularity;
Secondly, according to ratio requirement, Graphene solid micro-powder particle is fully disperseed in water;
Then, the baking oven being placed in 100 DEG C of being made thinner by the Graphene solid micro-powder particle after dispersion dewaters for 2 hours;
Finally, the Graphene solid micro-powder particle after dehydration is mixed with copper powder and aluminium powder material respectively.
The Graphene solid quenching medium prepared by such scheme is applied in the quench cooled of metal parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is 12 times of silver, and being 13 times of copper, is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
As everyone knows, the process of cooling of cooled material is actually the heat exchanging process of heat-eliminating medium and cooled material, and namely the heat of cooled material gives heat-eliminating medium by heat exchange mechanism transmission.From physics, the thermal conductivity of heat-eliminating medium is larger, and namely thermal conductivity is better, then cold faster of cooled material, and we just say that the cooling power of heat-eliminating medium is better.In all substances that nature has been found at present, Graphene has the strongest capacity of heat transmission, and namely Graphene has maximum thermal conductivity.
Therefore, it is best suited for as heat-eliminating medium.Because Graphene is solid-state fine particle state, when using as quenching medium, its cooling mechanism is thermal conduction mechanism, and at hot stage, because the temperature difference between cooled material and Graphene is very large, therefore, high temperature cooling rate is very large; At cold stage, because the temperature difference between cooled material and Graphene is very little, therefore, low temperature cooling rate is very little.As shown in Figure 1.
This feature height meets metal parts optimal cooling characteristic requirement when quench cooled.Owing to having such characteristic, Graphene is used for quench cooled and can meets all metal partss, the especially requirement of high degree of accuracy metallic element mechanical property and deformation accuracy.
Embodiment 8: by weight, granularity is the Graphene 90 parts of 100 microns, and granularity is the copper powder 10 parts of 100 microns.
Preparation method,
First, Graphene is machined to the micro powder granule of required granularity;
Secondly, according to ratio requirement, Graphene solid micro-powder particle is fully disperseed in water;
Then, the baking oven being placed in 100 DEG C of being made thinner by the Graphene solid micro-powder particle after dispersion dewaters for 2 hours;
Finally, the Graphene solid micro-powder particle after dehydration is mixed with copper powder material.
The Graphene solid quenching medium prepared by such scheme is applied in the quench cooled of metal parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is 12 times of silver, and being 13 times of copper, is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
As everyone knows, the process of cooling of cooled material is actually the heat exchanging process of heat-eliminating medium and cooled material, and namely the heat of cooled material gives heat-eliminating medium by heat exchange mechanism transmission.From physics, the thermal conductivity of heat-eliminating medium is larger, and namely thermal conductivity is better, then cold faster of cooled material, and we just say that the cooling power of heat-eliminating medium is better.In all substances that nature has been found at present, Graphene has the strongest capacity of heat transmission, and namely Graphene has maximum thermal conductivity.
Therefore, it is best suited for as heat-eliminating medium.Because Graphene is solid-state fine particle state, when using as quenching medium, its cooling mechanism is thermal conduction mechanism, and at hot stage, because the temperature difference between cooled material and Graphene is very large, therefore, high temperature cooling rate is very large; At cold stage, because the temperature difference between cooled material and Graphene is very little, therefore, low temperature cooling rate is very little.As shown in Figure 1.
This feature height meets metal parts optimal cooling characteristic requirement when quench cooled.Owing to having such characteristic, Graphene is used for quench cooled and can meets all metal partss, the especially requirement of high degree of accuracy metallic element mechanical property and deformation accuracy.
Embodiment 9: by weight, granularity is the Graphene 90 parts of 100 microns, and granularity is the aluminium powder 10 parts of 100 microns.
Preparation method,
First, Graphene is machined to the micro powder granule of required granularity;
Secondly, according to ratio requirement, Graphene solid micro-powder particle is fully disperseed in water;
Then, the baking oven being placed in 100 DEG C of being made thinner by the Graphene solid micro-powder particle after dispersion dewaters for 2 hours;
Finally, the Graphene solid micro-powder particle after dehydration is mixed with aluminium powder material respectively.
The Graphene solid quenching medium prepared by such scheme is applied in the quench cooled of metal parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is 12 times of silver, 13 times of copper, more than 9260 times of water, 38460 times of oil.
As everyone knows, the process of cooling of cooled material is actually the heat exchanging process of heat-eliminating medium and cooled material, and namely the heat of cooled material gives heat-eliminating medium by heat exchange mechanism transmission.From physics, the thermal conductivity of heat-eliminating medium is larger, and namely thermal conductivity is better, then cold faster of cooled material, and we just say that the cooling power of heat-eliminating medium is better.In all substances that nature has been found at present, Graphene has the strongest capacity of heat transmission, and namely Graphene has maximum thermal conductivity.
Therefore, it is best suited for as heat-eliminating medium.Because Graphene is solid-state fine particle state, when using as quenching medium, its cooling mechanism is thermal conduction mechanism, and at hot stage, because the temperature difference between cooled material and Graphene is very large, therefore, high temperature cooling rate is very large; At cold stage, because the temperature difference between cooled material and Graphene is very little, therefore, low temperature cooling rate is very little.As shown in Figure 1.
This feature height meets metal parts optimal cooling characteristic requirement when quench cooled.Owing to having such characteristic, Graphene is used for quench cooled and can meets all metal partss, the especially requirement of high degree of accuracy metallic element mechanical property and deformation accuracy.
Embodiment 10: by weight, granularity is the Graphene 90 parts of 100 microns, and granularity is 10 parts, the silver powder of 100 microns.Preparation method,
First, Graphene is machined to the micro powder granule of required granularity;
Secondly, according to ratio requirement, Graphene solid micro-powder particle is fully disperseed in water;
Then, the baking oven being placed in 100 DEG C of being made thinner by the Graphene solid micro-powder particle after dispersion dewaters for 2 hours;
Finally, the Graphene solid micro-powder particle after dehydration is mixed with silver powder material respectively.
The Graphene solid quenching medium prepared by such scheme is applied in the quench cooled of metal parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is 12 times of silver, 13 times of copper, more than 9260 times of water, 38460 times of oil.
As everyone knows, the process of cooling of cooled material is actually the heat exchanging process of heat-eliminating medium and cooled material, and namely the heat of cooled material gives heat-eliminating medium by heat exchange mechanism transmission.From physics, the thermal conductivity of heat-eliminating medium is larger, and namely thermal conductivity is better, then cold faster of cooled material, and we just say that the cooling power of heat-eliminating medium is better.In all substances that nature has been found at present, Graphene has the strongest capacity of heat transmission, and namely Graphene has maximum thermal conductivity.
Therefore, it is best suited for as heat-eliminating medium.Because Graphene is solid-state fine particle state, when using as quenching medium, its cooling mechanism is thermal conduction mechanism, and at hot stage, because the temperature difference between cooled material and Graphene is very large, therefore, high temperature cooling rate is very large; At cold stage, because the temperature difference between cooled material and Graphene is very little, therefore, low temperature cooling rate is very little.As shown in Figure 1.
This feature height meets metal parts optimal cooling characteristic requirement when quench cooled.Owing to having such characteristic, Graphene is used for quench cooled and can meets all metal partss, the especially requirement of high degree of accuracy metallic element mechanical property and deformation accuracy.
Although above-mentioned, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described; but not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various amendment or distortion that creative work can make still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. Graphene solid quenching medium, is characterized in that, is mixed to form by following varigrained Graphene by weight: granularity is 0.01 micron 10 parts, granularity is 0.1 micron 10 parts, granularity is 10 microns 10 parts, and granularity is 50 microns 10 parts, and granularity is 100 microns 50 parts.
2. Graphene solid quenching medium, it is characterized in that, comprise by weight: granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 0.1 micron, granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 0.5 micron, granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 10 microns, granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 50 microns, and granularity is Graphene 0-50 part of 100 microns, and granularity is copper powder 10-60 part of 100-1000 micron.
3. Graphene solid quenching medium, it is characterized in that comprising by weight: granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 1 micron, granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 10 microns, granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 30 microns, granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 50 microns, granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 100 microns, and granularity is the aluminium powder 10 parts of 500-1000 micron.
4. Graphene solid quenching medium, it is characterized in that, comprise by weight: granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 10 microns, granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 50 microns, granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 100 microns, granularity is Graphene 0-10 part of 500 microns, and granularity is 10 parts, the silver powder of 1000 microns.
5. Graphene solid quenching medium, is characterized in that, comprises by weight: granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 20 microns, granularity is the Graphene 10 parts of 50 microns, granularity is the Graphene 50 parts of 100 microns, and granularity is the copper powder 20 parts of 1000 microns, and granularity is the aluminium powder 10 parts of 100 microns.
6., as the preparation method of any one of claim 1-5 Graphene solid quenching medium, it is characterized in that,
First, Graphene is machined to the micro powder granule of required granularity;
Secondly, according to ratio requirement, Graphene solid micro-powder particle is fully disperseed in water;
Then, the baking oven being placed in 100 DEG C of being made thinner by the Graphene solid micro-powder particle after dispersion dewaters for 2 hours;
Finally, by the Graphene solid micro-powder particle after dehydration, silver varigrained with different ratios or copper or aluminium powder material mix respectively; Or mix with copper and aluminium powder material.
7. as the application of any one of claim 1-5 Graphene solid quenching medium, it is characterized in that, described Graphene solid quenching medium is applied in the quench cooled of metal parts.
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