CN104488804A - Aromatic duck cultivation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an aromatic duck cultivation method, and relates to the technical field of poultry cultivation. The method comprises the steps of duck shed selecting, duck shed building, heat preservation, illumination, drinking guiding, guided feeding, feed control, water adaptability training and swimming guiding, grouping, cultivation density control, sanitation and disinfection, immunization, and the like. With the method, problems such as variety degradation, low survival rate and unstable quality in the prior art can be solved.

Description

Fragrant duck cultural method

Technical field

The present invention relates to poultry cultivating technology, especially a kind of fragrant duck cultural method.

Background technology

The fragrant duck of melt water is commonly called as native duck or the fragrant duck of glutinous rice, that melt water county rural residents closes the local poultry kind formed from numerous autotrophy for a long time, with resistance to low-diet, small, green-egg-shelled accounts for more than 50%, subcutaneous fat is few, fleshiness, lean meat percentage are high, fine and tender taste, deliciousness, without smell, and feed mainly adopts the local crops that produce and by product thereof, the fragrance having local perfume glutinous of food, therefore named " fragrant duck "; Because this fragrant duck is by rural households from numerous autotrophy in the past mostly, do not form a set of unified and standard fragrant duck cultural method, cause fragrant duck varieties to have the trend of degeneration in the course of time, and fragrant duck survival rate is not high, quality also can not be guaranteed.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide a kind of fragrant duck cultural method, it can solve the problem that the low and quality of the deterioration of variety, the survival rate that exist in prior art can not be guaranteed.

In order to solve the problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is:

A kind of fragrant duck cultural method, comprises the following steps:

A, duck shed are selected: select to build duck shed in adapt circumstance, duck shed surrounding environment, air quality should meet following condition:

A, to have abundant water resources; B, to have a good transport service; C, physical features are dry, draining is good; D, environmental nonpollution; E, to sit in the north facing the south;

B, duck shed construction: duck shed adopts open single-column type or double-row type post and panel structure, general width is 8m ~ l0m, and length is determined according to the number of animals raised, establishes corridor in the middle of duck shed, both sides are duck bed, the thick grass of duck bed ground paving, centre position established by crib or basin, will ensure illumination in duck shed, want drying, ventilation, safety, health, moisturizing, printing opacity, Jing Daohewu road will separate, and ground and wall should be convenient to cleaning, and the sterilization liquid cleaning and sterilizings such as energy acid and alkali resistance;

C, insulation: measure duck shed temperature, be as the criterion with distance pin bearing-surface 6 centimetres ~ 8 centimeters, duckling is when 1 age in days, duckling group actual temperature should remain on 30 DEG C ~ 32 DEG C, and house temperature remains on 22 DEG C ~ 24 DEG C, increases with age in days later, reduce by 1 DEG C every day, until consistent with environmental temperature time depart from temperature, should have 3 days ~ 4 day transitional period when departing from temperature, when making disengaging temperature, in house, the outer temperature difference of temperature chamber is little;

D, illumination: natural lighting on daytime, evening artificially feed, 1 week age duckling light application time 24 hours, intensity of illumination every square metre 5 watts, bulb is liftoff 2 meters high, whole day illumination should be kept 20 hours to 15 ages in days after young bird goes out shell, reduce gradually later; 2 weeks ~ 4 week age was progressively transitioned into complete utilization natural lighting, can proceed to full natural lighting to 30 ages in days, every 30 square metres of distance 2 meters high suspentions in ground 40 watts of electric lamp as light source, and intensity of illumination keeps 1 watt every square metre;

E, to begin to drink: after duckling goes out shell, first drink water, after open food, before opening food, half an hour begins to drink, and supplies the syrup of 10% or be placed in bamboo basket by duckling with drinking bowl, slowly immerses in the basin of water temperature more than 15 DEG C, water logging is allowed not have toe, stop 5 minutes ~ 10 minutes in water, allow duckling drink water and not drench drake feather as far as possible, drinking-water system can not leak, bedding and padding or ight soil in order to avoid get wet, periodic cleaning water disinfection drinking equipment;

F, open food: go out in shell 20 hours duckling group, the duckling of 2/3rds has during foraging behavior and can open food, with the particulate material of humidity or washing go sticky after rice or the soft meal of cracking rice of bubble of vitamin b complex solution feed and raise duckling, require rice grain sticky, not firmly, not rotten, not life, be evenly sprinkling upon thin bamboo strip pad, straw mat or Polypropylence Sheet feed and raise, indivedual duckling can not open food, just gently pinch its crop, until church, feed trough should place drinking bowl to drink water at any time, helps to swallow;

G, feed control: the duckling in 10 ages in days, and daytime feeds 4 times, and night feeds 2 times, within first 3 days, suitably will control the amount of feeding, and eat seventy percent and satisfy, within the 4th day, play relieving feeding, but can not satiate, each feeding 10 minutes ~ 15 minutes; The duckling of 11 days ~ 20 ages in days, daytime feeds 4 times, and night feeds 1 time, and inventory calculates with 100 plumage ducklings, and first day gives 250 grams, increases by 250 grams every day on this basis later, adds to 12.5 kilograms to 50 ages in days; Additionally toner must not be added in feed; Do not use and mouldly to lose, go bad, damage by worms or contaminated feed; Brood time uses duckling perfect compound feed, requires crude protein more than 18%, energy be not less than 11.7 million burnt/kilogram; Duckling after 20 ages in days starts to add green forage, and the duckling after 30 ages in days uses autogamy farmers' diet completely, and dark green material accounts for more than 30% by dry basis; The fragrant duck of fattening period is mainly fed with corn flour, rice bran, wheat bran, does not limit a large amount of green forage of supply simultaneously;

H, discharge water instruction: the duckling in 1 week age, summer and autumn bar up with bamboo basket, soak 2 minutes ~ 3 minutes in water, duckling is put in house shallow laver by winter-spring season, the depth of water 2 centimetres during beginning, progressively increase the depth of water later, and basin is moved on to outdoor by indoor, after continuous several days, duckling can be accustomed to lower water, discharge water and carry out for 15 minutes after feeding, duckling after 1 week age, weather fine warm time, directly can go to river and discharge water, each discharge time, during beginning 20 minutes ~ 30 minutes, slowly extend to 1 hour later, after lower water duckling disembarkation, hair is managed under being allowed to condition at sunlight or calm and warm place, after wet hair drying with it, just can enter to brood room have a rest, discharge water the age in days of duckling, summer can shift to an earlier date, winter should postpone,

I, raising of hiving off: before duckling is begun to drink, according to hatching sooner or later and strong and weak, separately raise, give preferential treatment to weak young bird, open food again to hive off after 3 days, by plumage inspection, food is few, small and weak duckling is put together raising, suitable increase feeding frequency and environmental temperature, within 3rd day, move outside hurdle internal partition, expand the active area of duck, by drinking bowl, feed dish is put well again by original layout, duckling 50 plumage of 1 day ~ 2 ages in days is a group, close in the net of 4 square metres, the duckling of 5 days ~ 21 ages in days, physical strength by size, suitable adjustment Ge Lan colony, and disability duck is picked out, jube is fed, just again gregarious after muscle power to be restored, duckling after 21 ages in days, should strengthen and extraneous adaptive training, when duck group adapts to outdoor natural conditions completely, start to move into outer hurdle of supporting to raise, after de-temperature, every group of ducks are raised by 250 plumage ~ 300 plumages,

J, stocking density: the stocking density of duckling will be suitable for, stocking density is excessive, duck shed humidity, air can be caused dirty, cause duckling undergrowth, density is too small, waste place, human resources, benefit is reduced, the stocking density of duckling controls duckling 20 plumage of raising in 1 week age at every square metre, and progressively can reduce stocking density with the growth of duckling, every square metre is no more than 10 plumages later, generally every square metre of 8 plumage ~ 10 plumages, brood and terminate directly duckling to be entered drylot feeding and support, the stocking density of density proportionately duck calculates, and supports 6 plumage ~ 8 plumages for every square metre;

K, disinfecting: formulate antisepsis system, according to nuisanceless standard application disinfectant, regularly do the disinfection of environment, staff, duck shed, apparatus etc. well, irregularly sterilize targetedly according to reality;

L, immunity: combine the local actual immune programme for children formulating fragrant duck, and the immunization of epidemic disease of doing duck virus hepatitis, duck plague, bird flu, cholera fowl, Escherichia coli hydrohymenitis by immune programme for children well.

Owing to have employed technique scheme, the present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect:

1, adopt cultural method of the present invention, fragrant duck cultivation survival rate can be improved to greatest extent;

2, the quality of fragrant duck can be ensured.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described:

A kind of fragrant duck cultural method, comprises the following steps:

A, duck shed are selected: select to build duck shed in adapt circumstance, duck shed surrounding environment, air quality should meet following condition:

A, to have abundant water resources; B, to have a good transport service; C, physical features are dry, draining is good; D, environmental nonpollution; E, to sit in the north facing the south;

B, duck shed construction: duck shed adopts open single-column type or double-row type post and panel structure, general width is 8m ~ l0m, and length is determined according to the number of animals raised, establishes corridor in the middle of duck shed, both sides are duck bed, the thick grass of duck bed ground paving, centre position established by crib or basin, will ensure illumination in duck shed, want drying, ventilation, safety, health, moisturizing, printing opacity, Jing Daohewu road will separate, and ground and wall should be convenient to cleaning, and the sterilization liquid cleaning and sterilizings such as energy acid and alkali resistance;

C, insulation: measure duck shed temperature, be as the criterion with distance pin bearing-surface 6 centimetres ~ 8 centimeters, duckling is when 1 age in days, duckling group actual temperature should remain on 30 DEG C ~ 32 DEG C, and house temperature remains on 22 DEG C ~ 24 DEG C, increases with age in days later, reduce by 1 DEG C every day, until consistent with environmental temperature time depart from temperature, should have 3 days ~ 4 day transitional period when departing from temperature, when making disengaging temperature, in house, the outer temperature difference of temperature chamber is little;

D, illumination: natural lighting on daytime, evening artificially feed, 1 week age duckling light application time 24 hours, intensity of illumination every square metre 5 watts, bulb is liftoff 2 meters high, whole day illumination should be kept 20 hours to 15 ages in days after young bird goes out shell, reduce gradually later; 2 weeks ~ 4 week age was progressively transitioned into complete utilization natural lighting, can proceed to full natural lighting to 30 ages in days, every 30 square metres of distance 2 meters high suspentions in ground 40 watts of electric lamp as light source, and intensity of illumination keeps 1 watt every square metre;

E, to begin to drink: after duckling goes out shell, first drink water, after open food, before opening food, half an hour begins to drink, and supplies the syrup of 10% or be placed in bamboo basket by duckling with drinking bowl, slowly immerses in the basin of water temperature more than 15 DEG C, water logging is allowed not have toe, stop 5 minutes ~ 10 minutes in water, allow duckling drink water and not drench drake feather as far as possible, drinking-water system can not leak, bedding and padding or ight soil in order to avoid get wet, periodic cleaning water disinfection drinking equipment;

F, open food: go out in shell 20 hours duckling group, the duckling of 2/3rds has during foraging behavior and can open food, with the particulate material of humidity or washing go sticky after rice or the soft meal of cracking rice of bubble of vitamin b complex solution feed and raise duckling, require rice grain sticky, not firmly, not rotten, not life, be evenly sprinkling upon thin bamboo strip pad, straw mat or Polypropylence Sheet feed and raise, indivedual duckling can not open food, just gently pinch its crop, until church, feed trough should place drinking bowl to drink water at any time, helps to swallow; Fragrant each stage feed reference formulation of duck sees attached list one;

G, feed control: the duckling in 10 ages in days, and daytime feeds 4 times, and night feeds 2 times, within first 3 days, suitably will control the amount of feeding, and eat seventy percent and satisfy, within the 4th day, play relieving feeding, but can not satiate, each feeding 10 minutes ~ 15 minutes; The duckling of 11 days ~ 20 ages in days, daytime feeds 4 times, and night feeds 1 time, and inventory calculates with 100 plumage ducklings, and first day gives 250 grams, increases by 250 grams every day on this basis later, adds to 12.5 kilograms to 50 ages in days; Additionally toner must not be added in feed; Do not use and mouldly to lose, go bad, damage by worms or contaminated feed; Brood time uses duckling perfect compound feed, requires crude protein more than 18%, energy be not less than 11.7 million burnt/kilogram; Duckling after 20 ages in days starts to add green forage, and the duckling after 30 ages in days uses autogamy farmers' diet completely, and dark green material accounts for more than 30% by dry basis; The fragrant duck of fattening period is mainly fed with corn flour, rice bran, wheat bran, does not limit a large amount of green forage of supply simultaneously;

H, discharge water instruction: the duckling in 1 week age, summer and autumn bar up with bamboo basket, soak 2 minutes ~ 3 minutes in water, duckling is put in house shallow laver by winter-spring season, the depth of water 2 centimetres during beginning, progressively increase the depth of water later, and basin is moved on to outdoor by indoor, after continuous several days, duckling can be accustomed to lower water, discharge water and carry out for 15 minutes after feeding, duckling after 1 week age, weather fine warm time, directly can go to river and discharge water, each discharge time, during beginning 20 minutes ~ 30 minutes, slowly extend to 1 hour later, after lower water duckling disembarkation, hair is managed under being allowed to condition at sunlight or calm and warm place, after wet hair drying with it, just can enter to brood room have a rest, discharge water the age in days of duckling, summer can shift to an earlier date, winter should postpone,

I, raising of hiving off: before duckling is begun to drink, according to hatching sooner or later and strong and weak, separately raise, give preferential treatment to weak young bird, open food again to hive off after 3 days, by plumage inspection, food is few, small and weak duckling is put together raising, suitable increase feeding frequency and environmental temperature, within 3rd day, move outside hurdle internal partition, expand the active area of duck, by drinking bowl, feed dish is put well again by original layout, duckling 50 plumage of 1 day ~ 2 ages in days is a group, close in the net of 4 square metres, the duckling of 5 days ~ 21 ages in days, physical strength by size, suitable adjustment Ge Lan colony, and disability duck is picked out, jube is fed, just again gregarious after muscle power to be restored, duckling after 21 ages in days, should strengthen and extraneous adaptive training, when duck group adapts to outdoor natural conditions completely, start to move into outer hurdle of supporting to raise, after de-temperature, every group of ducks are raised by 250 plumage ~ 300 plumages,

J, stocking density: the stocking density of duckling will be suitable for, stocking density is excessive, duck shed humidity, air can be caused dirty, cause duckling undergrowth, density is too small, waste place, human resources, benefit reduces, the stocking density of duckling controls duckling 20 plumage of raising in 1 week age at every square metre, and progressively can reduce stocking density with the growth of duckling, every square metre is no more than 10 plumages later, generally every square metre of 8 plumage ~ 10 plumages, brood and terminate directly duckling to be entered drylot feeding and support, the stocking density of density proportionately duck calculates, and supports 6 plumage ~ 8 plumages for every square metre;

K, disinfecting: formulate antisepsis system, according to nuisanceless standard application disinfectant, regularly do the disinfection of environment, staff, duck shed, apparatus etc. well, irregularly sterilize targetedly according to reality;

L, immunity: combine the local actual immune programme for children formulating fragrant duck, and the immunization of epidemic disease of doing duck virus hepatitis, duck plague, bird flu, cholera fowl, Escherichia coli hydrohymenitis by immune programme for children well.

Subordinate list one: each stage feed reference formulation table of fragrant duck

Claims (1)

1. a fragrant duck cultural method, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

A, duck shed are selected: select to build duck shed in adapt circumstance, duck shed surrounding environment, air quality should meet following condition:

A, to have abundant water resources; B, to have a good transport service; C, physical features are dry, draining is good; D, environmental nonpollution; E, to sit in the north facing the south;

B, duck shed construction: duck shed adopts open single-column type or double-row type post and panel structure, general width is 8m ~ l0m, and length is determined according to the number of animals raised, establishes corridor in the middle of duck shed, both sides are duck bed, the thick grass of duck bed ground paving, centre position established by crib or basin, will ensure illumination in duck shed, want drying, ventilation, safety, health, moisturizing, printing opacity, Jing Daohewu road will separate, and ground and wall should be convenient to cleaning, and the sterilization liquid cleaning and sterilizings such as energy acid and alkali resistance;

C, insulation: measure duck shed temperature, be as the criterion with distance pin bearing-surface 6 centimetres ~ 8 centimeters, duckling is when 1 age in days, duckling group actual temperature should remain on 30 DEG C ~ 32 DEG C, and house temperature remains on 22 DEG C ~ 24 DEG C, increases with age in days later, reduce by 1 DEG C every day, until consistent with environmental temperature time depart from temperature, should have 3 days ~ 4 day transitional period when departing from temperature, when making disengaging temperature, in house, the outer temperature difference of temperature chamber is little;

D, illumination: natural lighting on daytime, evening artificially feed, 1 week age duckling light application time 24 hours, intensity of illumination every square metre 5 watts, bulb is liftoff 2 meters high, whole day illumination should be kept 20 hours to 15 ages in days after young bird goes out shell, reduce gradually later; 2 weeks ~ 4 week age was progressively transitioned into complete utilization natural lighting, can proceed to full natural lighting to 30 ages in days, every 30 square metres of distance 2 meters high suspentions in ground 40 watts of electric lamp as light source, and intensity of illumination keeps 1 watt every square metre;

E, to begin to drink: after duckling goes out shell, first drink water, after open food, before opening food, half an hour begins to drink, and supplies the syrup of 10% or be placed in bamboo basket by duckling with drinking bowl, slowly immerses in the basin of water temperature more than 15 DEG C, water logging is allowed not have toe, stop 5 minutes ~ 10 minutes in water, allow duckling drink water and not drench drake feather as far as possible, drinking-water system can not leak, bedding and padding or ight soil in order to avoid get wet, periodic cleaning water disinfection drinking equipment;

F, open food: go out in shell 20 hours duckling group, the duckling of 2/3rds has during foraging behavior and can open food, with the particulate material of humidity or washing go sticky after rice or the soft meal of cracking rice of bubble of vitamin b complex solution feed and raise duckling, require rice grain sticky, not firmly, not rotten, not life, be evenly sprinkling upon thin bamboo strip pad, straw mat or Polypropylence Sheet feed and raise, indivedual duckling can not open food, just gently pinch its crop, until church, feed trough should place drinking bowl to drink water at any time, helps to swallow;

G, feed control: the duckling in 10 ages in days, and daytime feeds 4 times, and night feeds 2 times, within first 3 days, suitably will control the amount of feeding, and eat seventy percent and satisfy, within the 4th day, play relieving feeding, but can not satiate, each feeding 10 minutes ~ 15 minutes; The duckling of 11 days ~ 20 ages in days, daytime feeds 4 times, and night feeds 1 time, and inventory calculates with 100 plumage ducklings, and first day gives 250 grams, increases by 250 grams every day on this basis later, adds to 12.5 kilograms to 50 ages in days; Additionally toner must not be added in feed; Do not use and mouldly to lose, go bad, damage by worms or contaminated feed; Brood time uses duckling perfect compound feed, requires crude protein more than 18%, energy be not less than 11.7 million burnt/kilogram; Duckling after 20 ages in days starts to add green forage, and the duckling after 30 ages in days uses autogamy farmers' diet completely, and dark green material accounts for more than 30% by dry basis; The fragrant duck of fattening period is mainly fed with corn flour, rice bran, wheat bran, does not limit a large amount of green forage of supply simultaneously;

H, discharge water instruction: the duckling in 1 week age, summer and autumn bar up with bamboo basket, soak 2 minutes ~ 3 minutes in water, duckling is put in house shallow laver by winter-spring season, the depth of water 2 centimetres during beginning, progressively increase the depth of water later, and basin is moved on to outdoor by indoor, after continuous several days, duckling can be accustomed to lower water, discharge water and carry out for 15 minutes after feeding, duckling after 1 week age, weather fine warm time, directly can go to river and discharge water, each discharge time, during beginning 20 minutes ~ 30 minutes, slowly extend to 1 hour later, after lower water duckling disembarkation, hair is managed under being allowed to condition at sunlight or calm and warm place, after wet hair drying with it, just can enter to brood room have a rest, discharge water the age in days of duckling, summer can shift to an earlier date, winter should postpone,

I, to hive off raising: before duckling is begun to drink, according to hatching sooner or later and strong and weak, separately raise, preferential treatment is given to weak young bird, open food again to hive off after 3 days, by plumage inspection, food is few, small and weak duckling is put together raising, suitable increase feeding frequency and environmental temperature, within 3rd day, move outside hurdle internal partition, expand the active area of duck, by drinking bowl, feed dish is put well again by original layout, duckling 50 plumage of 1 day ~ 2 ages in days is a group, close in the net of 4 square metres, the duckling of 5 days ~ 21 ages in days, physical strength by size, suitable adjustment Ge Lan colony, and disability duck is picked out, jube is fed, just again gregarious after muscle power to be restored, duckling after 21 ages in days, should strengthen and extraneous adaptive training, when duck group adapts to outdoor natural conditions completely, start to move into outer hurdle of supporting to raise, after de-temperature, every group of ducks are raised by 250 plumage ~ 300 plumages,

J, stocking density: the stocking density of duckling will be suitable for, stocking density is excessive, duck shed humidity, air can be caused dirty, cause duckling undergrowth, density is too small, waste place, manpower, benefit is reduced, the stocking density of duckling controls duckling 20 plumage of raising in 1 week age at every square metre, and progressively can reduce stocking density with the growth of duckling, every square metre is no more than 10 plumages later, generally every square metre of 8 plumage ~ 10 plumages, brood and terminate directly duckling to be entered drylot feeding and support, the stocking density of density proportionately duck calculates, and supports 6 plumage ~ 8 plumages for every square metre;

K, disinfecting: formulate antisepsis system, according to nuisanceless standard application disinfectant, regularly do the disinfection of environment, staff, duck shed, apparatus etc. well, irregularly sterilize targetedly according to reality;

L, immunity: combine the local actual immune programme for children formulating fragrant duck, and the immunization of epidemic disease of doing duck virus hepatitis, duck plague, bird flu, cholera fowl, Escherichia coli hydrohymenitis by immune programme for children well.