CN104479337A - Preparation process of waterproof, gas-permeable and moisture-permeable porous thin film - Google Patents
Preparation process of waterproof, gas-permeable and moisture-permeable porous thin film Download PDFInfo
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- CN104479337A CN104479337A CN201410752902.0A CN201410752902A CN104479337A CN 104479337 A CN104479337 A CN 104479337A CN 201410752902 A CN201410752902 A CN 201410752902A CN 104479337 A CN104479337 A CN 104479337A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylformamide Chemical compound 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CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances 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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation process of a waterproof, gas-permeable and moisture-permeable porous thin film. The preparation process mainly comprises the following steps: step 1) selecting a carrier: selecting release cloth with gas permeability of 3-20cm<3>/cm<2>/s as a carrier and performing waterproof treatment; step 2) controlling the gas permeability of the carrier, performing calendering treatment on the carrier, and controlling the gas permeability within 3-10cm<3>/cm<2>/s; step 3) preparing a coating solution by mixing the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of solvent type polyurethane resin, 50-70 parts of DMF (dimethylformamide), 20-50 parts of nano-calcium carbonate, 1.2-1.5 parts of a surfactant, 0.5-2 parts of a water splashing agent and 0.5-1.5 parts of a peeling aid; and step 4) forming and processing the thin film, uniformly coating the coating solution on the carrier, solidifying the coating solution, then washing with water, drying, shaping, cooling and then peeling to obtain the thin film. The process disclosed by the invention is simple and low in production cost, and by adopting the process, gas permeability, moisture permeability and waterproofness of the polyurethane film are effectively ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to textile field, be specifically related to the preparation technology of the micro-porous membrane of a kind of water-proof air-moisture-permeable.
Background technology
Coating composite material can have both simultaneously refuses water, moisture-inhibiting, windproof, heat-preserving function, is usually employed for the clothing of charging of outdoor activity, mountain-climbing anorak, the aspects such as insulated cold wear, be used in open urban gradually in recent years, in urban leisure clothes, but often bring feeling of oppression and heat to people.
Under the prerequisite not losing above-mentioned functions, namely need to increase the wet-hot steam exchange capacity of this type of fabric to improve this problem.The fabric required like this can be reached in the market, formed by polymer waterproof and breathable PTFE microporous membrane and composite for base fabric.But the product processing technique that PTFE film is processed into is complicated, and cost is higher, and fastness to washing is poor, and PTFE film non-degradable, belong to fluorine material, cannot reclaim, have pollution to environment.
There is people to propose to adopt urethane resin coating to replace to this, as disclosed a kind of coating fabric with high water pressure resistance and high moisture penetrability obtained by dry coating in CN101929081A, by carrying out calendering process on the base cloth through spill resistant process, and then coating microporous layer, finally in microporous layers, form protective layer again.Fabric is obtained according to ISO8811-1981 standard, initial stage hydrostaticpressure >=7000mmH2O by this method; According to GB/T12704-1991 method A, initial stage vapor transfer rate >=5000g/m2.d, although this invention improves water pressure resistance, water vapour permeability and washing resistance, because water pressure resistance is high especially, air penetrability problem still exists, and such complete processing or more complicated.
And for example disclose a kind of windproof permeable coating fabric in CN102173154A, first coated face layer urethane resin work slurry forms microvoid structure, be coated with following layer work slurry again, obtain work in-process by transfer vector after oven dry, be finally compounded to form the finished product with another cloth again in the side of microporous membrane.Although this invention improves windproof, air penetrability, water vapour permeability, water pressure resistance also have problems.
And for example disclose a kind of wet-process coating fabric in CN103866579A, cloth is coated with two layers of micro-porous coating of wet method, although the feel solving dry coating is harder, easy soniferous defect, but in fact due to secondary coating, air penetrability cannot improve, because the first cutter is coated with the adhesion that bonding coat needs to promote nylon cloth and polyurethane fabric, improve water pressure resistance and water vapour permeability, but real improve wearing comfort and air penetrability processing condition very complicated, breathable fabric is obtained again by secondary wet process coating, significant limitation is had to the selection that different cloth is processed.
In order to pursue above-mentioned functions, the utilization dry coating of everybody unremitting effort, wet-process coating carry out the improvement of complicated technology, although improve the pliability of water pressure resistance, Water Vapour Permeability and feel, real close with PTFE function air penetrability can cannot effectively improve.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the above problem that prior art exists, provide the preparation technology of the micro-porous membrane of a kind of water-proof air-moisture-permeable, present invention process is simple, production cost is low, effectively ensure that ventilative, moisture-inhibiting and the water resistance of polyurethane film.
For realizing above-mentioned technical purpose, reach above-mentioned technique effect, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A preparation technology for the micro-porous membrane of water-proof air-moisture-permeable, mainly comprises the following steps:
Step 1) select carrier, selection air penetrability is 3 ~ 20cm
3/ cm
2carrier as carrier, and is carried out WATER REPELLENT by the separation cloth of/s;
Step 2) control of carrier air penetrability, the carrier after WATER REPELLENT is carried out press polish process, air penetrability is controlled at 3 ~ 10cm
3/ cm
2in/s;
Step 3) coating liquid proportioning, according to weight fraction meter, this film formulation helps stripping agent mix and blend to make by 100 parts of solvent type polyurethane resins, 50 ~ 70 parts of DMF, 20 ~ 50 parts of nano-calcium carbonates, 1.2 ~ 1.5 parts of tensio-active agents, 0.5 ~ 2 part of water-sprinkling agent and 0.5 ~ 1.5 part;
Step 4) film forming processing, be uniformly coated on by coating liquid on the carrier after press polish process, liquid to be coated solidifies, and then washes, then drying and shaping, and carrier and the coating liquid solidified are peeled off after cooling, clot obtains film.
Further, described coating liquid also comprises the mill base counting 12 parts according to weight fraction.
Further, the film thickness scope that described clot obtains is 10 ~ 35um, and on the arbitrfary point cross section of thickness direction every 1cm
2at least there are 1,000,000 micropores, described micropore diameter range is 1 ~ 40 μm.
Further, in described step 4, carrier is 0.3 ~ 0.8N with the stripping strength scope of the coating liquid solidified.
Further, the particle diameter range of described nano-calcium carbonate is 0.01 ~ 0.1 μm.
Further, in described step 1, the material of WATER REPELLENT is C
6waterproof resin, described C
6waterproof resin consumption is 40 ± 2g/m
2.
Further, described carrier is plane separate-type paper or low dawn nylon flat fabric.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The permeability that present invention process is simple, the low reality of production cost effectively improves film, and this film is by any textile fabric of point-like compound and can apply to industrial filter material, of many uses.Film manufactured by the present invention has once been coated with by carrier, has micro-porous structure, top and the bottom micro-porous diameter >2um, and according to the technical recipe of different ratio, the water pressure resistance of film, ventilative, Water Vapour Permeability can control as requested flexibly; According to JIS L 1092B method, the water pressure resistance of this film is 300 ~ 10000H
2o; According to JIS L1096 standard, the ventilation property of its film is 0.03 ~ 2cm3/cm2/s; According to JIS L 1099A method, its Water Vapour Permeability is at 5000 ~ 15000g/m
2.24h.
This film of many uses, and goods environment-friendly degradable, meet Economic development completely, and with the requirement of people to function textile wearing comfort, urban leisure jacket can be widely used in, charge garment, Sport & Casual clothes.
Above-mentioned explanation is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand technique means of the present invention, and can be implemented according to the content of specification sheets, be described in detail as follows below with preferred embodiment of the present invention.The specific embodiment of the present invention is provided in detail by following examples.
Embodiment
Be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention below, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment one
A preparation technology for the micro-porous membrane of water-proof air-moisture-permeable, mainly comprises the following steps:
Step 1) select carrier, select air penetrability be the 20D nylon flat fabric of 3 ~ 20cm3/cm2/s as carrier, and carrier is carried out WATER REPELLENT, adopts the mode of pressing, soaking, rolling;
The selection of base cloth is very important.The air penetrability of the too closely knit script of fabric is just very little, then the words be filmed have no idea to maintain original ventilative rate; The infiltration of glue when even if contrary too lax Ji Bu also can cause coating by the space between press polish adjustment tissue.So the range set selected is at 3 ~ 20cm3/cm2/s, be the controllable position of coating solution infiltration in this scope, otherwise otherwise airtight, however coating adhesive penetrates into the yarn interior of base cloth when coating.Before carrying out press polish process, base cloth can be carried out waterproof resin process by us, gives base cloth water resistance.Waterproof processing adopts C
6waterproof resin, waterproof resin consumption is 40 ± 2g/m, carries out the high-temperature shaping of 150 ~ 170 degree × 30 ~ 40 seconds again, guarantee water resistance after process.Test according to JIS L1902, the base cloth through waterproof resin process is tested according to JIS L1902, and after standard wash 20 times, water-repellancy can reach more than 80.
Step 2) control of carrier air penetrability, the carrier after WATER REPELLENT is carried out press polish process, air penetrability is controlled at 3 ~ 10cm
3/ cm
2in/s;
Step 3) coating liquid proportioning, according to weight fraction meter, this film formulation by
100 grams of solvent type polyurethane resins;
50 grams of DMF (i.e. DMF);
20 grams of nano-calcium carbonates;
1.2 grams of tensio-active agents;
The mill base of 12 grams;
1 gram of water-sprinkling agent;
0.5 gram is helped stripping agent;
Mix and blend is made, and mill base can play good dyeing, increases aesthetics to film, nano-calcium carbonate is one of gordian technique of the present invention point, its diameter control, at 0.01 ~ 0.1um, according to the addition of different ingredients, can obtain the microporous membrane of 0.03 ~ 2 μm.
Step 4) film forming processing, be uniformly coated on by coating liquid on the carrier after press polish process, liquid to be coated solidifies, then wash, then drying and shaping, after cooling carrier and the coating liquid solidified are peeled off, clot obtains film, and film thickness is between 10 ~ 35um.
The stripping of film and carrier is also more important, stripping strength after solidification control between 0.3 ~ 0.8N, damage can not be caused to film.
The principle of work of the present embodiment is as follows:
Polyurethane PU film has microporous structure, give the feel of product softness and excellent air-moisture-permeable function, it is the domestic material closest to PTFE film physical property at present, the breathable moisture permeability of product of the present invention and water pressure resistance determine primarily of the size diameter distribution of micropore, the commissure micropore of film and carrier is less and arrange closeer, and top has relatively large micropore, it is through greatly that these micropores have, continuity is better, the support coating micropore rice film that obtains of above-mentioned wet method is by 1500 powerful electron microscope shootings, any 5 points can count the micropore of more than 20 within the scope of 30um × 50um, draw on the arbitrfary point cross section that thickness direction is parallel thus, every 1cm
2there is the micropore of more than 1,250,000, the diameter of micropore is 2 ~ 40um.
Usually everybody understanding the aqueous vapor that refers to of air-moisture-permeable fabric through ability, the test of common breathable moisture permeability has a wet absorbent to the test of the degree of absorption of aqueous vapor.The breathable that the present invention says refers to the direct through ability of air under a certain pressure, method of its test be air through ability.Namely the present invention has the breathable moisture permeability usually said, also because faint air can pass through, and improves the heat-exchange capacity of human body hot gas and clothes outside.Transit dose due to air is fewer so still have windproof ability.
According to GB/T13022-1991 standard testing, the microporous membrane tensile strength obtained by the present embodiment is at 25 ~ 35mpa, and break-draw rate is 450 ~ 550%.Thin film strength does not reduce due to the change of filming technology formula, is applicable to the compound of elastic woven material, and after being sewn into finished product like this, when will fabric be caused to stretch because film strength is low, film prolongs the fracture of pin seam.So film can carry out compound with any textiles, no matter tatting, knitted fabrics cloth, but for ensureing the ventilation property of gained fabric finished product, just ventilation property must can be guaranteed by point-like solvent-free thermal melten gel compound.The film that the present invention obtains also can with the compound such as non-woven fabrics, use as filtering material, also can carry out stamp processing to face, do two and half composite materials
Embodiment two
This enforcement is to form technical recipe as follows with the difference of embodiment one:
100 grams of solvent type polyurethane resins;
55 grams of DMF (i.e. DMF);
25 grams of nano-calcium carbonates;
1.3 grams of tensio-active agents;
The mill base of 12 grams;
1.5 grams of water-sprinkling agent;
0.5 gram is helped stripping agent; Mixing composition.
With the carrier carrying out waterproof, controlled at 3 ~ 10cm by the air penetrability of carrier after waterproof press polish
3/ cm
2/ s.Then the water pressure resistance of this film is obtained at 5000H according to coating process
2o, Water Vapour Permeability is at 12000g/m
2.24h, Gas permeability rate 0.8 ~ 1.2cfm.
Embodiment three
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment one is to form technical recipe as follows:
100 grams of solvent type polyurethane resins;
65 grams of DMF (i.e. DMF);
35 grams of nano-calcium carbonates;
1.5 grams of tensio-active agents;
The mill base of 12 grams;
0.5 gram of water-sprinkling agent;
1 gram is helped stripping agent; Mixing composition.
Fabrication process condition and embodiment one basically identical, obtained film, water pressure resistance is at 5000H
2o, Water Vapour Permeability is at 14500g/m
2.24h, air penetrability is at 2 ~ 2.5cfm.
Case study on implementation four
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment one is to form technical recipe as follows:
100 grams of solvent type polyurethane resins;
55 grams of DMF (i.e. DMF);
30 grams of nano-calcium carbonates;
1.5 grams of tensio-active agents;
The mill base of 12 grams;
2 grams of water-sprinkling agent;
0.5 gram is helped stripping agent; Mixing composition.
According to the processing condition made membrane identical with embodiment one, water pressure resistance is at 10000H
2o, Water Vapour Permeability is at 8000g/m
2.24h, air penetrability is at 0.2cfm.
To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, professional and technical personnel in the field are realized or uses the present invention.To be apparent for those skilled in the art to the multiple amendment of these embodiments, General Principle as defined herein can without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention can not be restricted to these embodiments shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (7)
1. a preparation technology for the micro-porous membrane of water-proof air-moisture-permeable, is characterized in that: mainly comprise the following steps:
Step 1) select carrier, selection air penetrability is 3 ~ 20cm
3/ cm
2carrier as carrier, and is carried out WATER REPELLENT by the separation cloth of/s;
Step 2) control of carrier air penetrability, the carrier after WATER REPELLENT is carried out press polish process, air penetrability is controlled at 3 ~ 10cm
3/ cm
2in/s;
Step 3) coating liquid proportioning, according to weight fraction meter, this film formulation helps stripping agent mix and blend to make by 100 parts of solvent type polyurethane resins, 50 ~ 70 parts of DMF, 20 ~ 50 parts of nano-calcium carbonates, 1.2 ~ 1.5 parts of tensio-active agents, 0.5 ~ 2 part of water-sprinkling agent and 0.5 ~ 1.5 part;
Step 4) film forming processing, be uniformly coated on by coating liquid on the carrier after press polish process, liquid to be coated solidifies, and then washes, then drying and shaping, and carrier and the coating liquid solidified are peeled off after cooling, clot obtains film.
2. the preparation technology of the micro-porous membrane of a kind of water-proof air-moisture-permeable according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described coating liquid also comprises the mill base counting 12 parts according to weight fraction.
3. the preparation technology of the micro-porous membrane of a kind of water-proof air-moisture-permeable according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the film thickness scope that described clot obtains is 10 ~ 35um, and on the arbitrfary point cross section of thickness direction every 1cm
2at least there are 1,000,000 micropores, described micropore diameter range is 1 ~ 40 μm.
4. the preparation technology of the micro-porous membrane of a kind of water-proof air-moisture-permeable according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 4, carrier is 0.3 ~ 0.8N with the stripping strength scope of the coating liquid solidified.
5. the preparation technology of the micro-porous membrane of a kind of water-proof air-moisture-permeable according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the particle diameter range of described nano-calcium carbonate is 0.01 ~ 0.1 μm.
6. the preparation technology of the micro-porous membrane of a kind of water-proof air-moisture-permeable according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 1, the material of WATER REPELLENT is C
6waterproof resin, described C
6waterproof resin consumption is 40 ± 2g/m
2.
7. the preparation technology of the micro-porous membrane of a kind of water-proof air-moisture-permeable according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described carrier is plane separate-type paper or low dawn nylon flat fabric.
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