CN104476996B - Rear axle of electric automobile cushion bumper structure - Google Patents

Rear axle of electric automobile cushion bumper structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104476996B
CN104476996B CN201410671851.9A CN201410671851A CN104476996B CN 104476996 B CN104476996 B CN 104476996B CN 201410671851 A CN201410671851 A CN 201410671851A CN 104476996 B CN104476996 B CN 104476996B
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China
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balancing pole
rear axle
vehicle frame
spring
housing body
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CN201410671851.9A
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CN104476996A (en
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彭勇
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Beijing Machinery Equipment Research Institute
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CHONGQING YONGCHUN NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of rear axle of electric automobile cushion bumper structure, including the balancing pole being arranged between rear axle housing body and vehicle frame, it is characterised in that is additionally provided with side impact buffer unit between the rear axle housing body and vehicle frame;The side impact buffer unit, including a bottom plate being vertically fixed on rear axle housing body, in addition to two buffer springs positioned at bottom plate both sides, buffer spring is helical spring and two ends are respectively acting between bottom plate and vehicle frame;The balancing pole includes the balancing pole hypomere being connected on rear axle housing body and the balancing pole epimere being connected on vehicle frame, and the spring of bumper and absorbing shock is connected between the balancing pole hypomere and balancing pole epimere.The present invention can alleviate automobile side angle impact power, improve vehicle safety, at the same also with simple in construction, it is quick and easy for installation, the advantages of stable and reliable in work.

Description

Rear axle of electric automobile cushion bumper structure
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rear-guard formula electric car, more particularly to a kind of rear axle of electric automobile cushion bumper structure.
Background technology
Electric car is originated using battery as energy, by parts such as controller, motors, converts electrical energy into mechanical energy fortune It is dynamic, change the vehicle of speed with control electric current size.First electric car was produced in 1834, and it is by DC motor Driver 's.Even to this day, electric car there occurs great variety, and type is also varied.Wherein, electric automobile (EV) refers to vehicle-mounted Power supply is power, is travelled with power wheel, meets road traffic, the vehicle of security legislation requirements.Due to environment Influence relatively conventional automobile smaller, its prospect is had an optimistic view of extensively, but current techniques are still immature.
In terms of electric automobile,《Energy-conservation and new-energy automobile industrial development planning》Clearly report to the State Council,《Rule Draw》It is thus lifted to national strategy height, it is intended to arrange the new office of automobile industry.The seven great strategy new industries determined as country One of, new-energy automobile will be up to 100,000,000,000 yuan in coming 10 years planned amount invested, and sales volume scale locks the first in the world.To 2020 Year, new-energy automobile realizes industrialization, and energy-conservation is reached advanced world standards with new-energy automobile and key components and parts technology, pure electricity Electrical automobile and plug-in hybrid-power automobile market maintenance reach 5,000,000.Analysis prediction, from 2012 to 2015, Chinese market electric car sales volume average annual growth rate is up to 40% or so, and wherein most was sold from pure electric vehicle, by 2015, China is by the electric car market as Fia.
Therefore to the research and development of the various technologies in electric automobile field, have become the direction of automotive expert research.
Existing electric automobile, is usually the Structural Development of imitated general-utility car during research and development, there is following defect:1st, automobile When being impacted, due to being easiest to causing death when automobile is by lateral impact, and electric automobile due to weight compared with general-utility car more It is light, therefore if being even more to be easily caused driver's death in the case of bearing lateral impact, security is poor.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem that the present invention is primarily solved is:How providing one kind can delay Lateral impact impulsive force is solved, the rear axle of electric automobile cushion bumper structure of security is improved.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, present invention employs following technical scheme:
A kind of rear axle of electric automobile cushion bumper structure, including the balancing pole being arranged between rear axle housing body and vehicle frame, its It is characterised by, side impact buffer unit is additionally provided between the rear axle housing body and vehicle frame;The side impact buffer unit, including One bottom plate for being vertically fixed on rear axle housing body, in addition to two buffer springs positioned at bottom plate both sides, buffering Spring is helical spring and two ends are respectively acting between bottom plate and vehicle frame;The balancing pole includes being connected to rear axle housing body On balancing pole hypomere and the balancing pole epimere that is connected on vehicle frame, connect and set between the balancing pole hypomere and balancing pole epimere It is equipped with the spring of bumper and absorbing shock.
On electric automobile install the present invention after, when vehicle enclosure is by lateral impact, can lean on side impact buffer unit with And the spring on balancing pole enters row buffering, slow down the impact degree that lateral impact is caused to vehicle body, improve driver and passenger Security.
As optimization, side impact buffer unit also includes two upper mounted plates being fixed on vehicle frame, two upper mounted plates Extend relative in level after being formed with one staggeredly relatively positioned at the outer end of bottom plate both sides, and upper mounted plate and bottom plate Part, bottom plate outer end both sides and two upper mounted plate outer ends side relative with bottom plate are each provided with one The relative spring mounting groove of level, described two buffer springs are in that compressive state is arranged on upper mounted plate and bottom plate respectively In spring mounting groove.
After so optimizing, two buffer springs are realized by three fixed plates and installed, and are installed in squeezed state in mounting groove, It is simple in construction, it is quick and easy for installation, and ensure that it is horizontally disposed with, at utmost improve the damping, buffering effect to side impacting force Really.
As optimization, described two upper mounted plate upper ends are fixed on a vehicle frame afterbody cross bar upwards, and vehicle frame afterbody is horizontal Bar is just to being arranged above rear axle housing body and being fixed with one with main body of vehicle frame, described two upper mounted plate upper end phase departing directions Side and vehicle frame afterbody cross bar between be provided with the reinforcement of triangle, bottom plate lower end both sides and rear axle housing body it Between be provided with the reinforcement of triangle.
So, the horizontally disposed damping, buffering effect to ensure to side impacting force of buffer spring can be better ensured that Really, while the reinforcement set, it is ensured that upper mounted plate and bottom plate can preferably bear the anti-of buffer spring elastic force Active force, it is ensured that side impact buffer unit it is solid and reliable.
As optimization, the balancing pole epimere lower end is cylindrical shape, the upper end of the balancing pole hypomere for cylindrical shape and and Balancing pole epimere lower end forms axially slidable socket join structure, and the spring of the bumper and absorbing shock includes a compression spiral bullet Spring and a draft helical spring, the compression helical spring is abutted vertically is arranged at balancing pole hypomere and balancing pole epimere In inner chamber, the draft helical spring two ends mounting is fixed on the extension of balancing pole hypomere and the formation of balancing pole epimere outer surface evagination Connect on round platform.
After so optimizing, balancing pole epimere and balancing pole hypomere use half end tube-in-tube structure, enable to sleeve sections by set The mode connect provides elastic deformation space to realize bumper and absorbing shock.Spring is provided with a compression helical spring and a stretching spiral shell Spring is revolved, so, the impact of vehicle body side both direction can realize bumper and absorbing shock by spring, while normal vehicle operation When, the elastic force of two springs is cancelled out each other, and advantageously ensures that the normal equilibrium function of balancing pole, it is to avoid vehicle body due to balancing pole from There is certain elastic force in body and double swerve is excessive.Meanwhile, compression helical spring is installed in sleeve, and draft helical spring is installed on Sleeve is outer and by mounting round platform mounting, and installation is very convenient quick and Stability Analysis of Structures is reliable, it is ensured that damping, buffering performance.
Further, the balancing pole epimere upper end is vertical block structure and is hinged on balancing pole on free bearing, is balanced Free bearing is arranged on the vehicle frame afterbody cross bar being connected directly over rear axle housing body with main body of vehicle frame on bar, the balancing pole hypomere lower end For vertical block structure and be hinged under balancing pole on free bearing, be arranged under balancing pole on free bearing rear axle housing body upper surface be located at it is dynamic The position of force mechanisms side.
So, balancing pole epimere and balancing pole hypomere use the vertical block structure in half end, you can to facilitate being hinged for itself Install, balancing pole is connected on vertical relative rear axle housing body and vehicle frame afterbody cross bar, beneficial to the balance for playing balancing pole itself Effect.
In summary, the present invention can alleviate automobile side angle impact power, improve vehicle safety, while also having knot Structure is simple, quick and easy for installation, the advantages of stable and reliable in work.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation for the rear axle of electric automobile for employing the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the side view of independent towing arm section partial structurtes in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of independent towing arm in Fig. 2.
Embodiment
Make further detailed to the present invention with reference to a kind of rear axle of electric automobile and its accompanying drawing for employing the present invention Explanation.
During specific implementation:As shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, a kind of rear axle of electric automobile for employing the present invention, including horizontal setting Tubular rear axle housing body 1, the two ends end of rear axle housing body 1 is respectively arranged with brake drum 2, and the outside of brake drum 2 is used for installing wheel; The middle part of rear axle housing body 1 is provided with actuating unit, and actuating unit includes the differential mechanism 3 for being fixedly installed on the middle part of rear axle housing body 1, also wrapped The motor 4 being fixed on differential mechanism 3 is included, motor output shaft is connected with differential mechanism 3, and differential output shaft passes through positioned at back axle Power transmission shaft inside housing 1 is connected with wheel;Also it is connected and rear end with the main body of vehicle frame 8 positioned at chassis position including front end The towing arm 5 being connected with rear axle housing body;The rear axle housing body also has positioned at the upper surface of the side position of actuating unit one to be set upwards Vehicle frame afterbody cross bar above free bearing 40 under the balancing pole put, another side position of actuating unit has down-set balance It is hinged under free bearing 41 on bar, balancing pole on free bearing 40 and balancing pole between free bearing 41 and balancing pole 22 is installed;Set on balancing pole 22 It is equipped with elastic shock attenuation structure.
The balancing pole so set by free bearing install connection, when automobile normal running, balancing pole can transmit vehicle frame and The side force of left and right directions between back axle, keeps vehicle body left-right balance, when vehicle body is by larger side impacts, balancing pole On elastic shock attenuation structure play a role, carry out elastic shock attenuation buffering, slow down the impact degree that lateral impact is caused to vehicle body, carry The security of high driver and passenger.
Wherein, the balancing pole 22 includes balancing pole epimere 42 and balancing pole hypomere 43, and the upper end of balancing pole epimere 42 is perpendicular To block structure and it is hinged on balancing pole on free bearing 41, the lower end of balancing pole epimere 42 is cylindrical shape, the lower end of balancing pole hypomere 43 For vertical block structure and be hinged under balancing pole on free bearing 40, the upper end of balancing pole hypomere 43 be cylindrical shape and with balancing pole epimere 42 lower ends form axially slidable socket join structure, and the elastic shock attenuation structure also includes a compression helical spring 44 and one Draft helical spring 45, the compression helical spring 44 is abutted vertically is arranged at balancing pole hypomere 43 and balancing pole epimere 42 In inner chamber, the two ends of draft helical spring 45 mounting is fixed on balancing pole hypomere and the formation of balancing pole epimere outer surface evagination Mount on round platform 46.
So, balancing pole epimere and balancing pole hypomere add the vertical block structure in half end using half end sleeve, you can with convenient Itself installation is hinged, enables to sleeve sections to provide elastic deformation space to realize bumper and absorbing shock by the mode that is socketed again.Bullet Spring is provided with a compression helical spring and a draft helical spring, so, and the impact of vehicle body side both direction can Bumper and absorbing shock enough is realized by spring, while during normal vehicle operation, the elastic force of two springs is cancelled out each other, balance is advantageously ensured that The normal equilibrium function of bar, it is to avoid vehicle body due to there is certain elastic force in balancing pole itself and double swerve is excessive.Meanwhile, compress spiral shell Rotation spring is installed in sleeve, and draft helical spring is installed on outside sleeve and by mounting round platform mounting, installs very convenient quick And Stability Analysis of Structures is reliable, it is ensured that damping, buffering performance.
Wherein, it is additionally provided with side impact buffer unit between the rear axle housing body 1 and vehicle frame.The side impact buffering dress Put, including a bottom plate 30 being vertically fixed on rear axle housing body, in addition to two upper mounted plates being fixed on vehicle frame 31, two upper mounted plates 31 are located at the both sides of bottom plate 30, and the outer end of upper mounted plate 31 and bottom plate 30 extends shape relatively Cheng Youyi staggeredly after in the relative part of level, bottom plate outer end both sides and two upper mounted plate outer ends and lower fixation The relative side of plate is each provided with a relative spring mounting groove of level, and side impact buffer unit also includes being located at bottom plate Two buffer springs 32 of both sides, buffer spring 32 is helical spring and two ends are arranged on upper mounted plate 31 in compressive state respectively In the spring mounting groove of bottom plate 30.
Two buffer springs so set can effectively absorb the impulsive force for hitting generation from vehicle either side and enter Row damping, improves security.Two buffer springs are realized by three fixed plates and installed, and are installed in squeezed state in mounting groove, It is simple in construction, it is quick and easy for installation, and ensure that it is horizontally disposed with, at utmost improve the damping, buffering effect to side impacting force Really.
Wherein, described two upper ends of upper mounted plate 31 are fixed on a vehicle frame afterbody cross bar 11 upwards, and vehicle frame afterbody is horizontal Bar 11 is just to being arranged above rear axle housing body and being fixed with one with main body of vehicle frame 17, and described two upper ends of upper mounted plate 31 are opposite From the reinforcement that triangle is provided between the side in direction and vehicle frame afterbody cross bar, the lower end both sides of bottom plate 30 are with after The reinforcement of triangle is provided between axle housing body.
So, the horizontally disposed to ensure the damping effect to side impacting force of buffer spring can be better ensured that, together When the reinforcement that sets, it is ensured that upper mounted plate and bottom plate can preferably bear the reaction force of spring force, protect Demonstrate,prove the solid and reliable of side impact buffer unit.
Wherein also include damping mechanism, wherein, the damping mechanism, including it is respectively arranged at actuating unit two Tubular damper 6 and damping spring 7 on the rear axle housing body at end, tubular damper 6 and the lower end of damping spring 7 and rear axle housing body 1 is connected, and upper end is connected with vehicle frame.
So actuating unit is set directly on rear axle housing body, facilitates power output to transmit.Simultaneously by tubular damper It is provided separately with damping spring, can easily and flexibly adjusts the suitable tubular damper of selection and damping spring is installed, The situation of its damping performance and damping capacity preferably with electric automobile is set to match, it is ensured that damping and damping, Improve vehicle safety.
Wherein, the damping spring 7 is helical spring and is vertically mounted on the rear axle housing body 1 at actuating unit two ends, The tubular damper 6 is located on the outside of damping spring and upper end is tiltedly mounted on vehicle frame rearwardly and upwardly.So, damping spring is erected To installation, it is ensured that the damping effect on vertical direction, while ensureing helical spring stress along its length, extension uses the longevity Life avoids failure.Tubular damper is diagonally-installed simultaneously can extend its length, and then improve damping.
Wherein, each there is the rear portion end positions of main body of vehicle frame 8 one to extend rearwardly and upwardly and for installing shell after vehicle body The rear tailstock 9 of covering, there is a level to be connected at the rear middle part of tailstock 9 and the vehicle frame afterbody directly over rear axle housing body 1 is horizontal Bar 11, the rear axle housing body upper surface at the actuating unit two ends is provided with a spring mounting seat 12, and spring mounting seat 12 includes A spring is just provided with to spring mounting seat on one round platform and the locating rod in the middle part of round platform, the vehicle frame afterbody cross bar Mounting cylinder 13, the lower end of damping spring 7 is socketed and is fixed on the round platform of spring mounting seat 12, and upper end is installed installed in spring In cylinder 13;The rear axle housing body lower surface of the outside adjacent position of damping spring 7 has in the mounting groove of a fovea superior, mounting groove It is embedded and is welded with a fixed seat 14, fixed seat 14 is the elongated member that sets along the longitudinal direction and cross section is inverted U shape, Rear axle housing body front and back sides are each extended in the rear and front end of fixed seat 14, and the back side top of fixed seat 14 is welded with a damping Device down journal seat 15, the lower end of tubular damper 6 is hinged on damper down journal seat 15, and upper end, which is hinged on, is welded on rear tail On the damper upper journal seat 16 on frame top.
So, main body of vehicle frame is located at chassis position, its rear portion extend back setting rear tailstock and vehicle frame afterbody it is horizontal The structures such as bar are applied not only to install shell covering after vehicle body, can also facilitate damping spring, tubular damper and balancing pole etc. The installation connection of component, also make it that vehicle frame overall structure is simpler compact.Wherein, the truncated cone-shaped that rear axle housing body upper surface is set Spring mounting seat facilitate the installation of damping spring to fix, damping spring upper end be arranged on vehicle frame afterbody cross bar on spring install It is very efficient and convenient and fixed reliable in cylinder.The fixed seat that rear axle housing body bottom is set, not only facilitates the peace of tubular damper Dress, but also conveniently the installation for towing arm is connected, and enable to towing arm rear end to form two installation tie points, improve peace Fill reliability.
Wherein, it is in vertically arranged long block shape that the towing arm 5 is overall, and the front end forward upward of towing arm 5 is tilted and by one Individual horizontal hinge axis hole is hingedly mounted on a down-set towing arm journal stirrup 17 of lower surface after main body of vehicle frame, towing arm 5 Rear end and upper surface are each provided with a horizontal hinge axis hole close to back-end location, and are hingedly mounted on before and after the fixed seat 14 End positions, three horizontal hinge axis holes are triangularly arranged.
So, the mount point of towing arm front end one, the mount point of rear end two, three points are triangularly arranged, it is possible to increase The stable connection degree of towing arm and rear axle housing body, towing arm front end is inclined upwardly setting, can be preferably by the driving of back axle Power is transmitted to vehicle body, it is ensured that driving is reliable and stable.
Wherein, the upper surface of towing arm 5 is plane, and lower surface is raised arcwall face, the side of the upper and lower surface of towing arm 5 Face seamed edge has the flange 18 of outwardly convex.
In such manner, it is possible to improve towing arm self-strength by simple structure;Ensure the transmission of power.
Wherein, the towing arm 5 includes the towing arm body of generally casting, and towing arm body surface has plating anti- Rusty scale.So, with beneficial to manufacture, good integral strength, the advantages of service life is long.
Wherein, the towing arm body is provided with three yielding rubber circles 19, damping positioned at three horizontal hinge hole sites The middle part of rubber ring 19 is coaxially arranged with the metal cylinder 20 for installing hinge, and the yielding rubber circle surface has been uniformly arranged along width The through hole 21 in direction is spent, the middle part both sides of through hole 21, which extend internally to be connected to form, to be subtracted perpendicular to yielding rubber circle 19 is diametric Shake cut-off.
So, yielding rubber circle can improve the damping effect in the transmission dynamic process of towing arm, can not only slow down The shock loading that towing arm itself is born, improves autoprotection effect, and strengthens vehicle body damping effect, improves vehicle ride Comfortableness.The metal cylinder set simultaneously, the convenient impulsive force for passing over hinge is delivered evenly to rubber ring, improves to rubber Radial impact force, in addition, the through hole middle part in yielding rubber circle sets the structure of cut-off, can be converted into by cushion rubber protecting effect Along the power of vertical radial direction, and then decompose and sponge, drastically increase damping effect.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of rear axle of electric automobile cushion bumper structure, including the balancing pole being arranged between rear axle housing body and vehicle frame, it is special Levy and be, side impact buffer unit is additionally provided between the rear axle housing body and vehicle frame;The side impact buffer unit, including one The individual bottom plate being vertically fixed on rear axle housing body, in addition to two buffer springs positioned at bottom plate both sides, buffering elastic Spring is helical spring and two ends are respectively acting between bottom plate and vehicle frame;The balancing pole includes being connected on rear axle housing body Balancing pole hypomere and the balancing pole epimere that is connected on vehicle frame, connect and set between the balancing pole hypomere and balancing pole epimere There is the spring of bumper and absorbing shock;
The balancing pole epimere lower end is cylindrical shape, the upper end of the balancing pole hypomere for cylindrical shape and with balancing pole epimere lower end Axially slidable socket join structure is formed, the spring of the bumper and absorbing shock includes a compression helical spring and a stretching spiral shell Spring is revolved, the compression helical spring is abutted vertically to be arranged in the inner chamber of balancing pole hypomere and balancing pole epimere, it is described to draw The mounting of helical spring two ends is stretched to be fixed on the mounting round platform of balancing pole hypomere and the formation of balancing pole epimere outer surface evagination;Set Compression helical spring and draft helical spring when causing normal vehicle operation, the elastic force of two springs can cancel out each other, with Beneficial to the normal equilibrium function of ensureing balancing pole.
2. rear axle of electric automobile cushion bumper structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that side impact buffer unit is also wrapped Two upper mounted plates being fixed on vehicle frame are included, two upper mounted plates are located at bottom plate both sides, and upper mounted plate and lower fixation The relative extension in the outer end of plate is on the relative part of level, bottom plate outer end both sides and two after being formed with one staggeredly The fixed plate outer end side relative with bottom plate is each provided with a relative spring mounting groove of level, described two buffering elastics Spring is arranged in the spring mounting groove of upper mounted plate and bottom plate in compressive state respectively.
3. rear axle of electric automobile cushion bumper structure as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that on described two upper mounted plates End is fixed on a vehicle frame afterbody cross bar upwards, and vehicle frame afterbody cross bar is just to being arranged at rear axle housing body top and and main body of vehicle frame It is fixed with one, triangle is provided between the side of described two upper mounted plate upper end phase departing directions and vehicle frame afterbody cross bar Reinforcement, the reinforcement of triangle is provided between bottom plate lower end both sides and rear axle housing body.
4. rear axle of electric automobile cushion bumper structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the balancing pole epimere upper end For vertical block structure and it is hinged on balancing pole on free bearing, free bearing is arranged on directly over rear axle housing body and vehicle frame master on balancing pole On the vehicle frame afterbody cross bar of body phase even, the balancing pole hypomere lower end is vertical block structure and is hinged on free bearing under balancing pole On, the position that rear axle housing body upper surface is located at actuating unit side is arranged under balancing pole on free bearing.
CN201410671851.9A 2014-11-21 2014-11-21 Rear axle of electric automobile cushion bumper structure Active CN104476996B (en)

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Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108081896B (en) * 2017-11-28 2019-11-22 合肥海诺恒信息科技有限公司 A kind of automobile hanging frame locking system
CN109080733A (en) * 2018-09-29 2018-12-25 北京云迹科技有限公司 Robot chassis and robot
CN109720410B (en) * 2019-02-27 2020-06-23 黄河交通学院 Lightweight chassis structure of electric automobile
CN114475089B (en) * 2022-02-18 2022-11-04 徐州百事利电动车业有限公司 High-strength anti-collision rear axle

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