CN104474174A - 一种治疗鼻炎的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种治疗鼻炎的药物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104474174A
CN104474174A CN201410691409.2A CN201410691409A CN104474174A CN 104474174 A CN104474174 A CN 104474174A CN 201410691409 A CN201410691409 A CN 201410691409A CN 104474174 A CN104474174 A CN 104474174A
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李坤
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种治疗鼻炎的药物及其制备方法,其主要是由黄芪、白术、防风、鱼腥草、桑白皮、桃仁、苍耳子、辛夷、桔梗、菟丝子、补骨脂按一定重量配比制备而成,本发明药物具有祛风通窍,泻肺平喘,祛风燥湿的功效,用于治疗鼻炎见效快,疗程短,无毒副作用。

Description

一种治疗鼻炎的药物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗鼻炎的药物及其制备方法,属中药领域。
技术背景
鼻炎指的是鼻腔粘膜和粘膜下组织的炎症。表现为充血或者水肿,患者经常会出现鼻塞,流清水涕,鼻痒,喉部不适,咳嗽等症状。鼻炎不单只是影响鼻子,同时还会影响咽喉和眼睛。它还会影响人的睡眠质量、听力以及学习能力。目前,西药治疗鼻炎效果不佳,且长期服用西药有较多副作用,因此,人们对快速有效治疗鼻炎的中药存在很大的需求。
发明内容
本发明人依据中医理论的研究及临床反复的试验和验证,终于找到了有效治疗鼻炎的药物,从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种能够有效治疗鼻炎的组合药物。
本发明的另一个目的就是提供了该组合药物的制备方法。
本发明药物是选用黄芪、白术、防风、鱼腥草、桑白皮、桃仁、苍耳子、辛夷、桔梗、菟丝子、补骨脂、石菖蒲、丹参、白芷、五味子、细辛、甘草、党参、川芎、赤芍、蝉蜕、陈皮药物进行组合的,将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用,从而能够有效治疗鼻炎的复发。其中选用黄芪是因为其性味甘,微温,入肺、脾经,生用有益卫固表,利水消肿,托毒,生肌的功能,治自汗,盗汗,血痹,浮肿,痈疽不溃或溃久敛;炙用有补中益的功能,治内伤劳倦,脾虚泄泻,脱肛,气虚血脱,崩带及一切气衰血虚之症。选用白术是因为其性味苦甘,温,入脾、胃经,有补脾,益胃,燥湿,和中的功能,治脾胃气弱,不思饮食,倦怠少气,虚胀,泄泻,痰饮,水肿,黄疸,湿痹,小便不利,头晕,自汗,胎气不安。选用防风是因为其性味辛甘,温,入膀胱、肺、脾经,有发表,祛风,胜湿,止痛的功能,治外感风寒,头痛,目眩,项强,风寒湿痹,骨节酸痛,四肢挛急,破伤风。选用鱼腥草是因为其性味辛,寒,入手太阴经,有清热解毒,利尿消肿的功能,治肺炎,肺脓疡,热痢,疟疾,水肿,淋病,白带,痈肿,痔疮,脱肛,湿疹,秃疮,疥癣。选用桑白皮是因为其性味甘,寒,入肺、脾经,有泻肺平喘,行水消肿的功能,治肺热喘咳,吐血,水肿,脚气,小便不利。选用桃仁是因为其性味苦甘,平,入心、肝、大肠经,有破血行瘀,润燥滑经的功能,治经闭,癥瘕,热病蓄血,血痹,疟疾,跌打损伤,瘀血肿痛,血燥便秘。选用苍耳子是因为其性味甘,温,有毒,入肺、肝经,有散风,止痛,祛湿,杀虫的功能,治风寒头痛,鼻渊,齿痛,风寒湿痹,四脚挛痛,疥癞,瘙痒。选用辛夷是因为其性味辛,温,入肺、胃经,有祛风,通窍的功能,治头痛,鼻渊,鼻塞不通,齿痛。选用桔梗是因为其性味苦辛,平,入肺、胃经,有开宣肺气,祛痰排脓的功能,治外感咳嗽,咽喉肿痛,肺痈吐脓,胸满胁痛,痢疾腹痛。选用菟丝子是因为其性味辛甘,平,入肝、肾经,有补肝肾,益精髓,明目的功能,治腰膝酸痛,遗精,消渴,尿有余沥,目暗。选用补骨脂是因为其性味辛,温,入肾经,有补肾助阳的功能,治肾虚冷泻,遗尿,滑精,小便频数,阳痿,腰膝冷痛,虚寒喘嗽,外用治白癜风。选用石菖蒲是因为其性味辛苦,微温,入心、肝、脾经,有开窍,豁痰,理气,活血,散风,去湿的功能,治癫癎,痰厥,热病神昏,健忘,气闭耳聋,心胸烦闷,胃痛,腹痛,风寒湿痹,痈疽肿毒,跌打损伤。选用丹参是因为其性味苦,微温,入心、肝经,有活血去瘀,安神宁心,排脓,止痛的功能,治心绞痛,月经不调,痛经,以闭,血崩带下,癥瘕,积聚,瘀血腹痛,骨节疼痛,惊悸不眠,恶疮肿毒。选用白芷是因为其性味辛,温,入肺、脾、胃经,有祛风,燥湿,消肿,止痛的功能,治头痛,眉棱骨痛,齿痛,鼻渊,寒湿腹痛,肠风痔漏,赤白带下,痈疽疮疡,皮肤燥痒,疥癣。选用五味子是因为其性味酸,温,入肺、肾经,有敛肺,滋肾,生津,收汗,涩精的功能,治肺虚喘咳,口干作渴,自汗,盗汗,劳伤羸瘦,梦遗滑精,久泻久痢。选用细辛是因为其性味辛,温,入肺、肾经,有祛风,散寒,行水,开窃的功能,治风冷头痛,鼻渊,止痛,痰饮咳逆,风湿痹痛。选用甘草是因为其性味甘平,入脾、胃、肺经,有和中缓急,润肺,解毒,调和诸药的功能,炙用治脾胃虚弱,食少,腹痛便溏,劳倦发热,肺痿咳嗽,心悸,惊痈,生用治咽喉肿痛,消化性溃疡,痈疽疮疡,解药毒及食物中毒。选用党参是因为其性味甘,平,入手、足太阴经气分,有补中益气,生津的功能,治脾胃虚弱,气血两亏,体倦无力,食少,口渴,久泻,脱肛。选用川芎是因为其性味辛,温,入肝、胆经,有行气开郁,祛风燥湿,活血止痛的功能,治风冷头痛旋晕,胁痛腹疼,寒痹筋挛,经闭,难产,产后瘀阻块痛,痈疽疮疡。选用赤芍是因为其性味苦,微寒,归肝经,有清热凉血,散瘀止痛的功能,治温毒发狂,吐血衄血,目赤肿痛,肝郁胁痛,经闭痛经,癎瘕腹痛,跌扑损伤,痈肿疮疡。选用蝉蜕是因为其性味甘咸,凉,入肺、肝经,有散风热,宣肺,定痉的功能,治外感风热,咳嗽音哑,麻疹透发不畅,风疹瘙痒,小儿惊癎,目赤,翳障,疔疮肿毒,破伤风。选用陈皮是因为其性味苦、辛,温,归肺、脾经,有理气健脾,燥湿化痰的功能,治胸脘胀满,食少吐泻,咳嗽痰多。
本发明组合的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的,各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好疗效
黄  芪     20-25克         白  术        15-20克      防  风        15-20克
鱼腥草    15-20克         桑白皮        15-20克      桃  仁        15-20克
苍耳子    10-15克         辛  夷        10-15克      桔  梗        10-15克
菟丝子    10-15克         补骨脂        10-15克      石菖蒲       10-15克
丹  参     10-15克         白  芷        5-10克        五味子       5-10克
细  辛     5-10克           甘  草        5-10克        党  参        5-10克
川  芎     5-10克           赤  芍        5-10克        蝉  蜕        3-5克
陈  皮     3-5克                                                                     
优选用量为
黄  芪     23克              白  术        18克           防  风        18克
鱼腥草    18克              桑白皮        18克           桃  仁        18克
苍耳子    13克              辛  夷        13克           桔  梗        13克
菟丝子    13克              补骨脂        13克           石菖蒲       13克
丹  参     13克              白  芷        7克             五味子       7克
细  辛     7克                甘  草        7克             党  参        7克
川  芎     7克                赤  芍        7克             蝉  蜕        4克
陈  皮     4克                                                                        
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、黄芪:拣净杂质,除去残留的根头和空心较大的根,用水浸泡,捞出,润透后及时切片,晒干;
2、白术:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,泡后捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
3、防风:除去残茎,用水浸泡,捞出,润透切片,晒干;
4、鱼腥草:去净杂质,除去残根,洗净切段,晒干;
5、桑白皮:刷去灰屑,洗净,润透后切丝,晒干;
6、桃仁:除去硬壳杂质,置沸水锅中煮至外皮微皱,捞出,浸入凉水中,搓去种皮,晒干,簸净;
7、苍耳子:拣尽杂质,去刺,筛去灰屑,微炒至黄色,取出放凉;
8、辛夷:拣净枝梗杂质,捣碎用;
9、桔梗:拣净杂质,除去芦头,洗净捞出,润透后切片,晒干;
10、菟丝子:过箩去净杂质,洗净,晒干;
11、补骨脂:簸净杂质,洗净,晒干;
12、石菖蒲:拣去杂质,洗净,稍浸泡,润透,切片,晒干;
13、丹参:拣净杂质,除去根茎,洗净,捞出,润透后切片,晾干;
14、白芷:拣净杂质,用水洗净,浸泡,捞出润透,略晒至外皮无滑腻感时,再闷润后,切片干燥;
15、五味子:筛去灰屑,除去杂质,置蒸笼内蒸透,取出晒干;
16、细辛:除净杂质,用水喷润,及时切段,晒干;
17、甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透,切片,晾干;
18、党参:洗净泥沙后润透去芦,切片或切段,晒干;
19、川芎:拣去杂质,分开大、小个,用水浸泡,晒晾,闷润后切片,干燥;
20、赤芍:取原药材,除去杂质,大小分档,洗净,润透,切薄片,干燥,筛去碎屑;
21、蝉蜕:拣去杂质,洗净晒干;
22、陈皮:取原药材,除去杂质及变黑的果皮,抢水洗净,润软,切丝,晒干或低温干燥,筛去灰屑。
二、制备
1、将所述重量的黄芪、白术、防风、鱼腥草、桑白皮、桃仁、苍耳子、辛夷、桔梗、菟丝子、补骨脂、石菖蒲、丹参、白芷、五味子、细辛、甘草、党参、川芎、赤芍、蝉蜕、陈皮药物加6倍量水进行浸泡,浸泡150分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾30分钟,再用文火煎煮30分钟过滤,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内。
2、将过滤的药渣加水5倍量,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮30分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液。
3、将两次煎煮液混合,再用文火煮10分钟即得煎煮药液,将煎煮液分为4剂服用。
本发明选用辛夷为君药,桔梗、川芎为臣药,赤芍为佐药,甘草为使药,将上述药物与方中诸药组合,使得各药物功效相互协同,制成治疗鼻炎的药物。
本发明药物具有祛风通窍,泻肺平喘,祛风燥湿的功效,用于治疗鼻炎,疗程短、见效快、治愈后不复发、无毒副作用。
具体实施方式:
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果,这些试验例包括了本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告
取家兔30只,雌雄兼用,体重2.0—2.5kg,分两组,每组15只,其中一组为超剂量试验组,另一组为正常量试验组。超常量组为20ml/kg,正常量为10ml/kg,给药方式为灌胃法给药,每天2次,连服7天,每天观察给药反应,结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常,药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物治疗鼻炎的临床观察资料
1、一般资料
收治门诊患者共36例。
2、诊断标准
症状
(1)鼻塞:鼻塞特点为间歇性。在白天、天热、劳动或运动时鼻塞减轻,而夜间,静坐或寒冷时鼻塞加重。鼻塞的另一特点为交替性。如侧卧时,居下侧之鼻腔阻塞,上侧鼻腔通气良好。由于鼻塞,间或有嗅觉减退、头痛、头昏、说话呈闭塞性鼻音等症状。
(2)多涕:常为黏液性或黏脓性,偶成脓性。脓性多于季发性感染后出现。
(3)嗅觉下降:多为两种原因所致,一为鼻黏膜肿胀、鼻塞,气流不能进入嗅觉区域;二为嗅区黏膜受慢性炎症长期刺激,嗅觉功能减退或消失。
(4)头痛、头昏:慢性鼻窦炎多表现为头沉重感。
(5)全身表现:多数人有头痛、食欲不振、易疲倦、记忆力减退及失眠等。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂,给患者服用,每次服用1剂,每天早、晚各服1次,7天为一个疗程,连续服用4个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准
显效:鼻炎症状消失,痊愈,体质恢复正常;
好转:鼻炎症状明显好转,头痛鼻塞症状减轻,流涕症状得到控制;
无效:达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果(见下表)
在上述的治疗中,用本发明药物治疗鼻炎患者36例,结果显效5例,显效率为83.33%,好转5例,好转率为13.89%,无效1例,总有效率为97.22%。

Claims (3)

1.一种治疗鼻炎的药物,其特征求在于:它是由下列重量范围内的原料药制成:
黄  芪 20-25克   白  术 15-20克   防  风 15-20克
鱼腥草 15-20克   桑白皮 15-20克   桃  仁 15-20克
苍耳子 10-15克   辛  夷 10-15克   桔  梗 10-15克
菟丝子 10-15克   补骨脂 10-15克   石菖蒲 10-15克
丹  参 10-15克   白  芷 5-10克 五味子 5-10克
细  辛 5-10克 甘  草 5-10克 党  参 5-10克
川  芎 5-10克 赤  芍 5-10克 蝉  蜕 3-5克
陈  皮 3-5克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物,其中各原料药的用量为:
黄  芪 23克   白  术 18克   防  风 18克
鱼腥草 18克   桑白皮 18克   桃  仁 18克
苍耳子 13克   辛  夷 13克   桔  梗 13克
菟丝子 13克   补骨脂 13克   石菖蒲 13克
丹  参 13克   白  芷 7克    五味子 7克
细  辛 7克    甘  草 7克    党  参 7克
川  芎 7克    赤  芍 7克    蝉  蜕 4克
陈  皮 4克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法,其特征在于:它包括下列步骤:
(一)备料
(1)黄芪:拣净杂质,除去残留的根头和空心较大的根,用水浸泡,捞出,润透后及时切片,晒干;
(2)白术:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,泡后捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
(3)防风:除去残茎,用水浸泡,捞出,润透切片,晒干;
(4)鱼腥草:去净杂质,除去残根,洗净切段,晒干;
(5)桑白皮:刷去灰屑,洗净,润透后切丝,晒干;
(6)桃仁:除去硬壳杂质,置沸水锅中煮至外皮微皱,捞出,浸入凉水中,搓去种皮,晒干,簸净;
(7)苍耳子:拣尽杂质,去刺,筛去灰屑,微炒至黄色,取出放凉;
(8)辛夷:拣净枝梗杂质,捣碎用;
(9)桔梗:拣净杂质,除去芦头,洗净捞出,润透后切片,晒干;
(10)菟丝子:过箩去净杂质,洗净,晒干;
(11)补骨脂:簸净杂质,洗净,晒干;
(12)石菖蒲:拣去杂质,洗净,稍浸泡,润透,切片,晒干;
(13)丹参:拣净杂质,除去根茎,洗净,捞出,润透后切片,晾干;
(14)白芷:拣净杂质,用水洗净,浸泡,捞出润透,略晒至外皮无滑腻感时,再闷润后,切片干燥;
(15)五味子:筛去灰屑,除去杂质,置蒸笼内蒸透,取出晒干;
(16)细辛:除净杂质,用水喷润,及时切段,晒干;
(17)甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透,切片,晾干;
(18)党参:洗净泥沙后润透去芦,切片或切段,晒干;
(19)川芎:拣去杂质,分开大、小个,用水浸泡,晒晾,闷润后切片,干燥;
(20)赤芍:取原药材,除去杂质,大小分档,洗净,润透,切薄片,干燥,筛去碎屑;
(21)蝉蜕:拣去杂质,洗净晒干;
(22)陈皮:取原药材,除去杂质及变黑的果皮,抢水洗净,润软,切丝,晒干或低温干燥,筛去灰屑;
(二)制备
(1)将所述重量的黄芪、白术、防风、鱼腥草、桑白皮、桃仁、苍耳子、辛夷、桔梗、菟丝子、补骨脂、石菖蒲、丹参、白芷、五味子、细辛、甘草、党参、川芎、赤芍、蝉蜕、陈皮药物加6倍量水进行浸泡,浸泡150分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾30分钟,再用文火煎煮30分钟过滤,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
(2)将过滤的药渣加水5倍量,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮30分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
(3)将两次煎煮液混合,再用文火煮10分钟即得煎煮药液。
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CN105363012A (zh) * 2015-12-19 2016-03-02 许爱美 一种治疗干燥性鼻炎的中药
CN105412705A (zh) * 2015-12-26 2016-03-23 卢文华 一种治疗急性鼻窦炎的药物及其制备方法
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Cited By (4)

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CN104958627A (zh) * 2015-07-20 2015-10-07 济南舜景医药科技有限公司 一种治疗鼻炎的中药
CN105363012A (zh) * 2015-12-19 2016-03-02 许爱美 一种治疗干燥性鼻炎的中药
CN105412705A (zh) * 2015-12-26 2016-03-23 卢文华 一种治疗急性鼻窦炎的药物及其制备方法
CN106492033A (zh) * 2016-12-07 2017-03-15 冉兆斌 一种治疗慢性鼻炎的药物及其制备方法

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