CN104474141A - 一种用于治疗便秘的中药制剂 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于治疗便秘的中药制剂，由以下重量配比的药材制备而成：破布木果10份、乌苏里鼠李树皮10份、沉香5份、枳实10份、黑芝麻10份、大黄10份、番泻叶5份、落葵5份、断骨粘5份。临床实验证明，本发明通过选择合适的药材及其配比，达到有效治疗便秘的显著功效，且安全无毒副作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药，具体涉及一种用于治疗便秘的中药制剂。
背景技术
便秘是指由于大肠传导功能失常导致的以大便排出困难，排便时间或排便间隔时间延长为临床特征的一种大肠病证。便秘的病因是多方面的，其中主要的有外感寒热之邪，内伤饮食情志，病后体虚，阴阳气血不足等。本病病位在大肠，并与脾胃肺肝肾密切相关。脾虚传送无力，糟粕内停，致大肠传导功能失常，而成便秘；胃与肠相连，胃热炽盛，下传大肠，燔灼津液，大肠热盛，燥屎内结，可成便秘；肺与大肠相表里，肺之燥热下移大肠，则大肠传导功能失常，而成便秘；肝主疏泄气机，若肝气郁滞，则气滞不行，腑气不能畅通；肾主五液而司二便，若肾阴不足，则肠道失润，若肾阳不足则大肠失于温煦而传送无力，大便不通，均可导致便秘。对于便秘目前尚缺少公认安全有效的治疗药物。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种用于治疗便秘的中药制剂及其制备方法，通过选择合适的药材及其配比，达到有效治疗便秘的显著功效，且安全无毒副作用。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：一种用于治疗便秘的中药制剂，由以下重量配比的药材制备而成：破布木果8～10份、乌苏里鼠李树皮8～10份、沉香5～6份、枳实8～10份、黑芝麻8～10份、大黄8～10份、番泻叶5～6份、落葵0～5份、断骨粘0～5份。
作为优选，由以下重量配比的药材制备而成：破布木果10份、乌苏里鼠李树皮10份、沉香5份、枳实10份、黑芝麻10份、大黄10份、番泻叶5份。
作为优选，由以下重量配比的药材制备而成：破布木果10份、乌苏里鼠李树皮10份、沉香5份、枳实10份、黑芝麻10份、大黄10份、番泻叶5份、断骨粘5份。
作为优选，由以下重量配比的药材制备而成：破布木果10份、乌苏里鼠李树皮10份、沉香5份、枳实10份、黑芝麻10份、大黄10份、番泻叶5份、落葵5份。
作为优选，由以下重量配比的药材制备而成：破布木果10份、乌苏里鼠李树皮10份、沉香5份、枳实10份、黑芝麻10份、大黄10份、番泻叶5份、落葵5份、断骨粘5份。
一种用于治疗便秘的中药制剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：（1）将破布木果、乌苏里鼠李树皮、枳实、大黄、番泻叶、落葵、断骨粘放入容器内，加入8～10 倍量的蒸馏水，浸泡5～6小时后，煮沸3～4 小时，提取；再次加入6～8倍量蒸馏水，煮沸2～3小时，提取；最后，加入4～6 倍量蒸馏水，加热煮沸1～2 小时，提取；合并三次提取液，过滤，得滤液备用；（2）将沉香、黑芝麻研成细末后放入容器内，加入烈性白酒，并加入少量蜂蜜，搅拌均匀，经容器密封，隔水加热15～25min，取出，得膏体备用；（3）将上述步骤（1）～（2）所制得的滤液以及膏体混合，利用现代先进的制药科技，制成胶囊，即得本发明所述中药制剂。
本发明各中药成份的药理分析如下：
破布木果【来源】为紫草科植物破布木的干燥成熟果实。【性味】一级湿热。【功能主治】生湿生热，成熟异常黑胆质，润肺润喉，止咳化痰，清音止渴，通便利尿。主治干寒性或黑胆质性疾病，如咽干喉燥，乃孜来性感冒，干咳顽痰，失音口渴，小便不利，大便不畅等。
乌苏里鼠李树皮【来源】为鼠李科植物乌苏里鼠李的树皮。【性味】 苦；寒。【功能主治】 清热通便。主热结便秘。
沉香【来源】 本品为瑞香科植物白木香含有树脂的木材。全年均可采收，割取含树脂的木材，除去不含树脂的部分，阴干。【性味】 辛、苦，微温。【归经】 归脾、胃、肾经。【功能主治】 行气止痛，温中止呕，纳气平喘。用于胸腹胀闷疼痛，胃寒呕吐呃逆，肾虚气逆喘急。【用法用量】 1.5～4.5g，入煎剂宜后下。
枳实【来源】甜橙的干燥幼果。【功能主治】破气消积，化痰散痞。用于积滞内停，痞满胀痛，泻痢后重，大便不通，痰滞气阻胸痹，结胸等。
黑芝麻【别名】 胡麻、油麻、巨胜、脂麻。【来源】 本品为脂麻科（胡麻科）脂麻属植物脂麻的干燥成熟种子。【性味】 甘，平。【归经】 归肝、肾、大肠经。【功能主治】 补肝肾，益精血，润肠燥。用于头晕眼花，耳鸣耳聋，须发早白，病后脱发，肠燥便秘。
大黄【来源】蓼科植物掌叶大黄、唐古特大黄或药用大黄的根和根茎。【功能主治】攻积滞；清湿热；泻火；凉血；祛瘀；解毒。主治实热便秘；热结胸痞；湿热 泻痢；黄疸；淋病；水肿腹满；小便不利；目赤；咽喉肿痛；口舌生疮；胃热呕吐；吐血；咯血；衄血；便血；尿血；蓄血；经闭；产后瘀滞腹痛；症瘕积聚；跌打损伤；热毒痈疡；丹毒；烫伤。
番泻叶【来源】 本品为豆科植物狭叶番泻或尖叶番泻的干燥小叶。【性味】 甘、苦，寒。【归经】 归大肠经。【功能主治】 泻热行滞，通便，利水。用于热结积滞，便秘腹痛，水肿胀满。
落葵【来源】 落葵科落葵属植物落葵，以全草入药。【性味】 甘、淡，凉。【功能主治】 清热解毒，接骨止痛。用于阑尾炎，痢疾，大便秘结，膀胱炎；外用治骨折，跌打损伤，外伤出血，烧烫伤。
断骨粘【来源】 药材基源：为水龙骨科植物膜叶星蕨带根茎的全草。【性味】 苦；寒。【功能主治】 清热利尿；散瘀消肿；止血。主膀胱炎；尿道炎；跌打损伤；外伤出血；疔疮痈肿。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下有益效果：
1、本发明中药制剂对于治疗便秘治愈率极高且安全无毒副作用，并可预防相关并发症。配方药材之间配伍严谨，不仅充分利用药物配伍后所产生的协同增效作用，而且避免了药物作用的互相拮杭而抵销或消弱原有的功效，更加注意选用能减轻或消除药物的烈性或毒副作用的药物配伍应用，坚决避免了药物相互配伍产生毒性反应或强烈的副作用。通过科学配伍，不仅在病情复杂，瞬息万变的情况下，本发明不仅能有效组织实施合理医治，使其达到药至病除，而且对于防止疾病传变、内侵脏腑还有较好的预防作用，在临床运用上很有价值。
2、本发明中药制剂选用优质中药材制成，所选药材配伍相宜，符合中医药及现代医学研究理论，并利用现代医药制药技术制成，安全无毒副作用，达到标本兼治的目的，值得临床推广应用。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解和实施本发明，下面结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明。
实施例1
称取：破布木果10克、乌苏里鼠李树皮10克、沉香5克、枳实10克、黑芝麻10克、大黄10克、番泻叶5克、落葵5克、断骨粘5克。按如下步骤制备：（1）将破布木果、乌苏里鼠李树皮、枳实、大黄、番泻叶、落葵、断骨粘放入容器内，加入8～10 倍量的蒸馏水，浸泡5～6小时后，煮沸3～4 小时，提取；再次加入6～8倍量蒸馏水，煮沸2～3小时，提取；最后，加入4～6 倍量蒸馏水，加热煮沸1～2 小时，提取；合并三次提取液，过滤，得滤液备用；（2）将沉香、黑芝麻研成细末后放入容器内，加入烈性白酒，并加入少量蜂蜜，搅拌均匀，经容器密封，隔水加热15～25min，取出，得膏体备用；（3）将上述步骤（1）～（2）所制得的滤液以及膏体混合，利用现代先进的制药科技，制成胶囊，即得本发明所述中药制剂。
用法用量：口服，每日2次，早晚各1次，每次1粒，饭后温开水送服；15天为1个疗程，连续服用1-3个疗程。
实施例2
称取：破布木果10克、乌苏里鼠李树皮10克、沉香5克、枳实10克、黑芝麻10克、大黄10克、番泻叶5克、落葵5克、断骨粘5克，置入容器内，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；滤渣加6倍量水，煎煮1小时，过滤；滤渣加2倍量水，煎煮1小时，过滤；合并三次滤液，浓缩。
本实施例的制备方法、用法用量与实施例1相同。
实施例3
称取：破布木果10克、乌苏里鼠李树皮10克、沉香5克、枳实10克、黑芝麻10克、大黄10克、番泻叶5克、落葵5克、断骨粘5克, 置入容器内，加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；滤渣加6倍量水，煎煮1小时，过滤；合并两次滤液，浓缩。
本实施例的制备方法、用法用量与实施例1相同。
临床资料：
1、病例选择：
选择2013年以来在我院诊治的便秘患者92例临床观察，临床症状均符合《慢性便秘的诊治指南》所列标准。病人随机分成治疗组和对照组两组，治疗组46例，对照组46例。治疗组和对照组两组病例的病程、症状轻重程度基本一致，无显著差异，具有可比性。
2、药物选择：
治疗组服用本发明实施例1所制得的中药胶囊制剂，口服，每日2次，早晚各1次，每次1粒，饭后温开水送服；15天为1个疗程，连续服用1-3个疗程。
对照组服用酚酞片150mg，1次/日, 口服。疗程同治疗组。
两组患者治疗期间均停用其他药物，忌食辛辣刺激性食物，多食蔬菜和粗纤维食物，保持心情舒畅，预防感冒，定时排便，按时作息。
3、疗效判定：
参照国家中医药管理局制定的《中医病证诊断疗效标准》。
（1）治愈：大便可通畅排出，两天以内排便1次，便质转润，不需借助任何药物。
（2）好转：大便较畅，2～3天排便1次，便质较润，有时尚需借助药物。
（3）未愈：服药1个疗程后病情改善小明显或无改善。
4、结果：
选用本发明实施例1中药胶囊的治疗组中，治愈36例，好转8例，未愈2例，治愈率85.7%，总有效率95.6%。所有病例3月后再随访，均无复发。
对照组中治愈21例，好转13例，未愈12例，治愈率73.9%，总有效率85.0%。所有病例3月后再随访，2例复发。
以上结果显示，治疗组的治愈率和总有效率明显高于对照组。
显然，本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡是属于本发明的技术方案所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之列。
Claims (6)
1.一种用于治疗便秘的中药制剂，其特征在于，由以下重量配比的药材制备而成：破布木果8～10份、乌苏里鼠李树皮8～10份、沉香5～6份、枳实8～10份、黑芝麻8～10份、大黄8～10份、番泻叶5～6份、落葵0～5份、断骨粘0～5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗便秘的中药制剂，其特征在于，由以下重量配比的药材制备而成：破布木果10份、乌苏里鼠李树皮10份、沉香5份、枳实10份、黑芝麻10份、大黄10份、番泻叶5份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗便秘的中药制剂，其特征在于，由以下重量配比的药材制备而成：破布木果10份、乌苏里鼠李树皮10份、沉香5份、枳实10份、黑芝麻10份、大黄10份、番泻叶5份、断骨粘5份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗便秘的中药制剂，其特征在于，由以下重量配比的药材制备而成：破布木果10份、乌苏里鼠李树皮10份、沉香5份、枳实10份、黑芝麻10份、大黄10份、番泻叶5份、落葵5份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗便秘的中药制剂，其特征在于，由以下重量配比的药材制备而成：破布木果10份、乌苏里鼠李树皮10份、沉香5份、枳实10份、黑芝麻10份、大黄10份、番泻叶5份、落葵5份、断骨粘5份。
6.一种用于治疗便秘的中药制剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：（1）将破布木果、乌苏里鼠李树皮、枳实、大黄、番泻叶、落葵、断骨粘放入容器内，加入8～10 倍量的蒸馏水，浸泡5～6小时后，煮沸3～4 小时，提取；再次加入6～8倍量蒸馏水，煮沸2～3小时，提取；最后，加入4～6 倍量蒸馏水，加热煮沸1～2 小时，提取；合并三次提取液，过滤，得滤液备用；（2）将沉香、黑芝麻研成细末后放入容器内，加入烈性白酒，并加入少量蜂蜜，搅拌均匀，经容器密封，隔水加热15～25min，取出，得膏体备用；（3）将上述步骤（1）～（2）所制得的滤液以及膏体混合，利用现代先进的制药科技，制成胶囊，即得本发明所述中药制剂。
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