CN104457310A - Novel indirect type air cooling device for nuclear power plant - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a new type of indirect air-cooling device for a nuclear power plant. The indirect air-cooling device includes a wind power generating device, a flow tower, an induced draft fan, a cooler, and a cooler bracket from top to bottom. The wind power generating device passes through the fan bracket It is connected with the flow tower, and the induced fan is arranged between the flow tower and the cooler. The cooler includes a circulating water pipeline, and a group of louver blades are arranged around the circulating water pipeline. The invention realizes the zero replenishment of the circulating cooling water, greatly reduces the water consumption of the nuclear power plant in daily operation, and provides the technical possibility for the nuclear power plant to establish a cold source in the arid water-deficient area; the cooling operation condition of the indirect air cooling device is affected by the wind speed and wind direction Small size is conducive to the long-term safe and stable operation of nuclear power plants.

Description

A new type of indirect air cooling device for nuclear power plants

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of energy, and in particular relates to a new type of indirect air cooling device for nuclear power plants.

Background technique

my country is a country with poor water resources, and nuclear power plants consume a lot of water, and the largest water consumption is circulating cooling water. At present, the nuclear power plants that have been built in China are all located in coastal areas, and all adopt seawater direct current cooling method, and there is no limit. With the continuous construction of nuclear power plants, it will become possible to build nuclear power plants in areas with severe water shortages. However, one of the most prominent problems currently restricting the construction of nuclear power plants in severe water shortage areas is what kind of circulating water cooling system to use to meet the safe and stable operation requirements of nuclear power plants under the severe conditions in this area.

With the development of my country's economy and society, the demand for energy and electricity has increased dramatically. As a representative of large-scale clean energy, nuclear power will definitely play an important role in my country's energy field in the future. At present, most of the nuclear power plants that have been built or are under construction in my country are located in the coastal areas. In the future, nuclear power plants must be built inland to meet my country's growing energy demand. At this stage, the amount of cooling water used to establish a cold source during nuclear power plant operation is very large, and nuclear power plants in coastal areas all use seawater direct current cooling. In the design of inland nuclear power plants, even if the wet cooling method of the secondary cycle is adopted, a huge water source is required to provide cooling water. Taking the AP1000 model nuclear power plant as an example, the secondary cycle cooling method is adopted. Due to the continuous evaporation of circulating water, each one million kilowatts The total amount of circulating water replenishment required by the level unit is 1.51m3/s, and the annual replenishment amount is 47 million m3. If a nuclear power plant is built inland, it is necessary to choose an area rich in water resources. However, my country is also a country with poor water resources, one of the countries with severe water shortage in the world, and the per capita water resources are only 1/4 of the world's average level. Areas rich in water resources are often densely populated and economically developed areas. Considering nuclear safety, densely populated areas are not suitable for building nuclear power plants.

The ideal construction sites for inland nuclear power plants in the future are sparsely populated areas such as Northwest my country, which are often dry and rainless, and lack water resources. Therefore, for nuclear power plants built in these areas, it is necessary to establish a cold source different from areas with abundant water resources. Here, the cooling method of circulating water and air is considered, and the natural environment characteristics of low annual average temperature and abundant wind resources in Northwest China are fully utilized. The air cooling system can be divided into direct air cooling and indirect air cooling. The direct air cooling system is greatly affected by the external environment, mainly affected by the wind speed and wind direction. It is expected that there will be hidden dangers that the sudden deterioration of the vacuum will cause the generator set to shed load or even trip. For nuclear power plants in arid regions with high safety and stability requirements, direct air cooling systems are not suitable.

Contents of the invention

Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a new type of indirect air cooling device for nuclear power plants.

Technical solution: In order to solve the above technical problems, a new type of indirect air cooling device for nuclear power plants according to the present invention, the indirect air cooling device includes a wind power generation device, a draft tower, an induced draft fan, a cooler, and a cooler support in sequence from top to bottom, The wind power generation device is connected with the diversion tower through the fan support, and the induced fan is arranged between the diversion tower and the cooler. The cooler includes a circulating water pipeline, and a group of louver cascades are arranged around the circulating water pipeline.

Preferably, the wind power generation device includes a fan with blades and a fan steering mechanism connected with the fan.

Preferably, a draft tower supporting member is provided inside the draft tower.

Preferably, in order to prevent the wind power generator from being too weak to provide enough power, a motor is provided at the induced draft fan.

In the present invention, just based on the principle of indirect air cooling, the circulating cooling water is designed to circulate in the pipeline, flow through the condenser to absorb the condensation heat of the exhaust gas of the steam turbine, then flow through the patented unit equipment of the present invention, and exchange with forced convection air The heat is dissipated to the outside air, so that the circulating water is cooled, and then the circulating water pump boosts the pressure and enters the condenser again for heat exchange. Because it is an indirect heat exchange, there is no loss of water in the circulating water during the process, so the patent of the invention is suitable for building cold source systems for nuclear power plants in arid and water-deficient areas. The indirect air cooling system of the present invention can ensure the vacuum degree of the condenser by controlling the amount of circulating water, and has a huge heat capacity, thereby ensuring the stable operation of nuclear power plants in arid regions. Therefore, the indirect air cooling system is more suitable for establishing the cold source system of nuclear power plants in arid areas.

The lower part of the present invention is a cylindrical metal tube bundle cooler, and an induced draft fan is installed above the cooler, which is used to drive the forced heat absorption of the circulating water by the air flow. The upper end of the induced draft fan is connected to a drainage tower, which has a certain effect on the flowing hot air. Suction and diversion action. A wind generator is installed on the top of the diversion tower, which can convert wind energy into electrical energy and provide electrical energy to the induced draft fan in the cooler to ensure the induced draft fan works. When the wind force is not strong enough to make the induced draft fan work at the lowest speed, the factory power can be used to drive the induced draft fan to work to ensure sufficient heat exchange of the cooler. At the same time, vertical louvers are installed around the lower part of the cooler to rectify the air entering the cooler. A bracket is installed at the bottom of the cooler to facilitate the inflow of air from the lower part. For a nuclear power plant in an arid and water-deficient area, the patent of the invention is only a cooling device unit, and multiple groups of equipment can be arranged as required.

Beneficial effect: compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

(1) Realized zero replenishment of circulating cooling water, greatly reduced water consumption during daily operation of nuclear power plants, and provided technical possibility for nuclear power plants to establish cold sources in arid and water-scarce areas;

(2) The cooling operation condition of the indirect air cooling device is less affected by wind speed and wind direction, which is conducive to the safe and stable operation of nuclear power plants for a long time;

(3) The wind generator is combined with the cooler, and the electricity generated by the wind generator is used to provide electric energy for the forced cooling induced draft fan, so as to realize the three-dimensional utilization of wind energy and improve the energy utilization rate;

(4) The additional drainage tower has a certain suction effect, and at the same time guides the hot air after heat exchange to a certain height, avoiding the deterioration of heat exchange caused by the accumulation of hot air around the cooler;

(5) Improve the structure of the cooler, add an induced draft fan, and change the natural convection heat transfer to forced convection heat transfer. At the same time, louvers are installed around the heat exchanger to rectify the air entering the cooler and improve the heat transfer efficiency;

(6) Multiple sets of equipment work at the same time. If any one has a problem or needs to be repaired, it can be replaced by redundant equipment, which improves the safety and reliability of the cold source system of the nuclear power plant.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, the indirect air-cooling device includes a wind power generation device 1, a drainage tower 5, an induced draft fan 14, a cooler 13, and a cooler bracket 11 from top to bottom, and the wind power generation device 1 is connected with the drainage by the fan bracket 3. The towers 5 are connected, and the induced draft fan 14 is arranged between the diversion tower 5 and the cooler 13. The cooler 13 includes a circulating water pipeline 8, and a group of louver cascades 12 are arranged around the circulating water pipeline 8. The wind power generation device 1 includes A fan 16 with blades and a fan steering mechanism 2 connected to the fan 16 , the diversion tower 5 is provided with a diversion tower support member 6 , and the induced fan 14 is provided with a motor 15 .

The patent of the present invention adopts an indirect air-cooling method, circulating water flows in from the inlet 9, and when the wind flows through the unit equipment, it drives the wind power generation device 1 to rotate, and the wind energy is converted into electrical energy, and the generated electrical energy is transmitted to the induced draft fan 14, and the induced draft fan 14 rotates. The blades 7 of the machine drive the air to exchange heat with the circulating water in the circulating water pipe 8, so that the circulating water is cooled, and then flow out from the circulating water outlet 10, and then the air flows upward along the diversion tower 5, and finally flows from the diversion tower outlet 4 flow out. The wind generator 1 can be rotated through the wind turbine steering mechanism 2 according to the wind direction, and always maintains the best windward angle. When the wind volume is too small and the power generated by the wind power generating device 1 is not enough to maintain the minimum speed required by the induced draft fan 14, the utility power provides electric energy to the motor 15 to drive the induced draft fan 14 to work. There is a pressure difference between the upper and lower ports of the drainage tower 5, which will produce a certain suction effect on the air. At the same time, the hot air after heat exchange with the circulating water is guided to a certain height by the drainage tower 5, avoiding the accumulation of hot air around the cooler. Deterioration of heat exchange. Shutters 12 are arranged around the cooler. By changing the opening of the shutters, the air intake of the cooler 13 can be adjusted, and the air can also be rectified. The leaf grilles can also protect the circulating water pipe 8 in the cooler. In the nuclear power plant, multiple groups work at the same time in the patent of the present invention. According to the air volume and the demand of the heat exchange of the nuclear power plant, the working number of the equipment can be increased or decreased accordingly, so as to achieve the purpose of stable operation of the nuclear power plant.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A novel indirect air cooling device for nuclear power plants, characterized in that: the indirect air cooling device comprises a wind power generator, a draft tower, an induced draft fan, a cooler and a cooler support from top to bottom, and the wind power generator passes through The fan support is connected with the diversion tower, and the induced fan is arranged between the diversion tower and the cooler, and the cooler is provided with a circulating water pipeline, and a group of louver cascades are arranged around the circulating water pipeline. 2. The new indirect air-cooling device for nuclear power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wind power generating device includes a fan with blades and a fan steering mechanism connected with the fan. 3. The new type of indirect air cooling device for nuclear power plants according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the inside of the diversion tower is provided with a diversion tower support member. 4. The new indirect air cooling device for nuclear power plants according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the induced draft fan is provided with a motor.