CN104451165A - Method for recovering nonferrous metals and rare-noble metals - Google Patents
Method for recovering nonferrous metals and rare-noble metals Download PDFInfo
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- CN104451165A CN104451165A CN201410796641.2A CN201410796641A CN104451165A CN 104451165 A CN104451165 A CN 104451165A CN 201410796641 A CN201410796641 A CN 201410796641A CN 104451165 A CN104451165 A CN 104451165A
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical class [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000010793 electronic waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000001187 sodium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003500 flue dust Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009867 copper metallurgy Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001698 pyrogenic Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000952 Be alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010020843 Hyperthermia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036031 hyperthermia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009853 pyrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin hydride Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for recovering nonferrous metals and rare-noble metals, comprising the following steps: 1) feeding pulverized electronic wastes and sodium carbonate into an internal melting furnace; and 2) blowing natural gas and oxygen into the furnace, and controlling the temperature of the furnace to be 800-1,300 DEG C so that the mixed materials react in the furnace, wherein most metals are settled at the bottom of the furnace in a molten alloy state and discharged from a metal outlet at the bottom of the internal melting furnace, volatile zinc enters soot and is enriched and recovered by a dust collection system, slag in a dross state floats at the upper part of the molten metal alloy and is discharged from a slag outlet at the bottom of the internal melting furnace, and combustibles produce heat by combustion to maintain the reaction temperature. The method is simple, easy to realize, large in treatment quantity, high in automatic level and high in valuable metal recovery rate, and importantly, does not produce dioxin or difficultly treated waste water and waste residue.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Metal smelting technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method reclaiming non-ferrous metal and rare precious metal from electronic waste.
Background technology
Printed circuit board (PCB) forms primarily of organic fortified resin, glass fibre, Copper Foil and electronic component, wherein containing a large amount of base metals (as copper, iron, aluminium, tin, lead etc.), also containing precious metal and rare metal (as gold and silver, lithium etc.), there is very high resource reclaim and be worth.
In recent years, because the model change of electronics and information industry is accelerated, cause a large amount of electron wastes to be formed, the quantity of electronic waste increases with surprising rapidity year by year.Because the resource reclaim in electronic waste exists very large economic benefit, the recovery method of electronic waste is also varied.At present, the most frequently used electronic waste recovery method mainly contains the methods such as mechanical treatment process, pyrolysis method, wet method, pyrogenic process.
Mechanical treatment process first electronic waste is broken into fine particle, then realizes the method be separated according to the difference of wherein each component physical properties, generally comprise fragmentation, grind, the treatment process such as sorting.Because substrate for printed circuit board hardness is high, toughness is strong, require that energy consumption in small, broken bits is large, in shattering process, some mechanical can be transformed into heat energy, the organism such as resin, plastics produces toxic gas due to localized hyperthermia, also by inevitably producing noise and the dust containing glass fibre, organic resin, disadvantageous effect is caused to environment.
Pyrolysis method is that printed circuit board (PCB) is heated to certain temperature, make the chemical bond rupture in organism, thus resolving into organic molecule, residue is mineral compound, generates gas, liquid (oil), solid (Jiao) the process reclaimed.The Major Difficulties of pyrolysis method present stage is the process of pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis tail gas.
Hydrometallurgical process electronic waste is one not yet proven technique, and present stage is mainly used in laboratory and process on a small scale.Relative additive method, preprocessing process is complicated, is not suitable for processing complicated electronic waste, and a large amount of waste water, waste water and dregs are also difficult to process.
Pyrometallurgy process electronic waste is a kind of important valuable metal recovery technology always, and ultimate principle utilizes metallurgical furnace high temperature to heat to peel off nonmetallic substance, and precious metal is melted in other Metal Melting material or fused salt, then is separated.Combustiblematerials in nonmetallic substance can be used as fuel and produces heat, and other non-combustiblematerialss are generally separated in scum silica frost thing and remove, and precious metal and other metal to be alloy state flow out, then refining or electrolysis treatment.Pyrogenic attack electronic waste advantage is the electrical type waste product that treatment capacity is large, can process form of ownership.But the shortcoming of traditional pyrogenic attack electronic waste is to produce toxic substance dioxin (temperature of combustion produces lower than when 300 ~ 400 DEG C) in treating processes, very large to environmental hazard.Though can zero release be realized through secondary combustion, but there is the risk of leaking due to dioxin, therefore require very high to equipment closure, and inconvenient operation, work under bad environment.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the invention is to propose a kind of method reclaiming non-ferrous metal and rare precious metal, to overcome the deficiency of traditional fire metallurgy process process electronic waste, avoid producing dioxin.
Based on above-mentioned purpose, the method for recovery non-ferrous metal provided by the invention and rare precious metal comprises:
1) electronic waste after pulverizing, sodium carbonate are sent into interior smelting furnace;
2) in stove, Sweet natural gas and oxygen is blasted, controlling furnace body temperature is 800 ~ 1300 DEG C, mixture reacts in stove, wherein most of metal is sunken to bottom of furnace body with molten alloy state, released by the Jin Kou that goes out of interior furnace bottom, the zinc of volatilization enters flue dust, by dust collecting system enriching and recovering, slag is that scum silica frost thing floats over metal melting alloy upper, is released by the slag notch of interior furnace bottom; Combustiblematerials in electronic waste produces heat by burning, maintains temperature of reaction.
In one embodiment of the invention, in step 1) in, the mass ratio of described electronic waste and sodium carbonate is 100:2 ~ 8.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, in step 2) in, controlling furnace body temperature is 900 ~ 1200 DEG C.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, in step 2) in, the described flue dust containing zinc is through waste heat boiler recovery waste heat, and described dust collecting system is incorporated to sulfuric acid plant exhaust treatment system after reclaiming zinc.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, in step 2) in, enter copper metallurgy industry reclaim valuable metal wherein further by going out metal melting alloy that Jin Kou releases.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, described interior smelting furnace comprises body of heater and chimney, and described chimney is positioned at the top of body of heater, and is communicated with it; The bottom of described body of heater is provided with out Jin Kou, and middle and lower part is provided with slag notch, and middle part is provided with blast inlet, and near top is provided with opening for feed.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the waste heat boiler for reclaiming flue dust waste heat is provided with near the smoke outlet of described chimney.
As can be seen from above, the method of recovery non-ferrous metal provided by the invention and rare precious metal utilizes interior smelting furnace high melt electronic waste, reaction is made to reach sufficiently high temperature, temperature of combustion is greater than 800 DEG C, dioxin can not be produced, the abundant melting of metal simple-substance, metal and separating organic matters thorough, the metal melting alloy produced is sunken to bottom of furnace body, release by going out golden mouth 11, the slag floating over metal melting alloy upper is released by slag notch 12, and the zinc of volatilization enters flue dust, by dust collecting system enriching and recovering.Therefore, the method is simple and easy to realization, treatment capacity is large, automatization level is high, recovery rate of valuable metals is high, importantly can not produce dioxin and reluctant waste water and dregs.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of smelting furnace in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
Embodiment 1
As one embodiment of the present of invention, the method for described recovery non-ferrous metal and rare precious metal comprises the following steps:
(1) waste computer boards 8 tons is reclaimed from certain catenet company, its resource consists of the metal of 41.6%, the refractory oxide such as the plastics of 26.5% and the glass of 31.9%, pottery, the metals resources contained in waste computer boards is Cu:26.15%, Fe:4.25%, Al:3.12%, Zn:3%, Sn:1.5%, Au:300g/t, Ag:2200g/t, Pd:120g/t, by mass percentage.
Preferably, the old computer main board of recovery preferably same class other because the resource of different electronic waste composition can there is a big difference, the electronic waste as far as possible selecting resource composition gap little reclaims, together to improve organic efficiency.
(2) above-mentioned waste computer boards is broken, to be joined by sodium carbonate in broken computer main board and Homogeneous phase mixing obtains mixture, the add-on of sodium carbonate is 320kg, and namely the mass ratio of electronic waste and sodium carbonate is 100:4.
(3) step (2) described mixture is joined 1m from the opening for feed of interior smelting furnace continuously with the speed of 2t/h
2in interior smelting furnace, and spray in stove by Sweet natural gas and oxygen by the heating unit that interior smelting furnace is provided with, controlling in-furnace temperature by heating unit is 1200 DEG C.Under continuous heating condition, mixture reacts in stove, and wherein most of metal is sunken to bottom of furnace body with molten alloy state, and a small amount of zinc volatilization enters flue dust, and slag is that scum silica frost thing floats over metal melting alloy upper.
It should be noted that, the effect of Sweet natural gas is heating, makes to heat up in stove, reaches 1200 DEG C, to control furnace body temperature.Oxygen is then ignition dope.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, comprise body of heater 1 and chimney 2, described chimney 2 is positioned at the top of body of heater 1 to the structure of described interior smelting furnace, and is communicated with it.The bottom of described body of heater 1 is provided with out golden mouth 11, and middle and lower part is provided with slag notch 12, and middle part is provided with blast inlet 13, and near top is provided with opening for feed 14.The top of described chimney 2 has smoke outlet 21.Preferably, the waste heat boiler 3 for reclaiming flue dust waste heat is provided with near the smoke outlet 21 of described chimney.
Mixture enters described body of heater 1 by opening for feed 14 and carries out high-temperature fusion, Sweet natural gas and oxygen enter in described body of heater 1 by blast inlet 13, the metal melting alloy produced is released by going out golden mouth 11, and the slag floating over metal melting alloy upper is released by slag notch 12; Combustiblematerials in electronic waste produces heat by burning, except the temperature of reaction maintained in stove, can also be reclaimed utilized by waste heat boiler.The zinc of volatilization is discharged, then by dust collecting system enriching and recovering by the smoke outlet 21 of chimney.
Preferably, enter copper metallurgy industry reclaim valuable metal wherein further by going out metal melting alloy that golden mouth 11 releases.Further, the described flue dust containing zinc can also through waste heat boiler 3 recovery waste heat, and described dust collecting system is incorporated to sulfuric acid plant exhaust treatment system after reclaiming zinc.
(4) obtain metal melting alloy 2780kg, slag 3050kg, flue dust 305kg, sampling analysis is carried out to gained metal melting alloy, slag, flue dust, show that each metal content is as following table 1.Each major metal rate of recovery is Cu:98.55%, Al:99.79%, Zn:99.97%, Sn:99.85%, Au:99.96%, Ag:99.84%, Pd:99.91%, Fe:99.85%.
Table 1
Embodiment 2
As another embodiment of the present invention, the method for described recovery non-ferrous metal and rare precious metal comprises the following steps:
(1) waste computer boards 8 tons is reclaimed from certain catenet company, its resource consists of the metal of 41.6%, the refractory oxide such as the plastics of 26.5% and the glass of 31.9%, pottery, the metals resources contained in waste computer boards is Cu:26.15%, Fe:4.25%, Al:3.12%, Zn:3%, Sn:1.5%, Au:300g/t, Ag:2200g/t, Pd:120g/t, by mass percentage.
Preferably, the old computer main board of recovery preferably same class other because the composition of different electronic waste can there is a big difference, the electronic waste as far as possible selecting composition gap little reclaims together.
(2) above-mentioned waste computer boards is broken, to be joined by sodium carbonate in broken computer main board and Homogeneous phase mixing obtains mixture, the add-on of sodium carbonate is 400kg, and namely the mass ratio of electronic waste and sodium carbonate is 100:5.
(3) step (2) described mixture to be joined in 1m2 smelting furnace from the opening for feed of interior smelting furnace with the speed of 2.2t/h continuously, and Sweet natural gas and oxygen are sprayed in stove by the heating unit that interior smelting furnace is provided with, controlling in-furnace temperature by heating unit is 1250 DEG C.Under continuous heating condition, mixture reacts in stove, and wherein most of metal is sunken to bottom of furnace body with molten alloy state, and a small amount of zinc volatilization enters flue dust, and slag is that scum silica frost thing floats over metal melting alloy upper.
It should be noted that, the effect of Sweet natural gas is heating, makes to heat up in stove, reaches 1250 DEG C, to control furnace body temperature.Oxygen is then ignition dope.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, comprise body of heater 1 and chimney 2, described chimney 2 is positioned at the top of body of heater 1 to the structure of described interior smelting furnace, and is communicated with it.The bottom of described body of heater 1 is provided with out golden mouth 11, and middle and lower part is provided with slag notch 12, and middle part is provided with blast inlet 13, and near top is provided with opening for feed 14.The top of described chimney 2 has smoke outlet 21.Preferably, the waste heat boiler 3 for reclaiming flue dust waste heat is provided with near the smoke outlet 21 of described chimney.
Mixture enters described body of heater 1 by opening for feed 14 and carries out high-temperature fusion, Sweet natural gas and oxygen enter in described body of heater 1 by blast inlet 13, the metal melting alloy produced is released by going out golden mouth 11, and the slag floating over metal melting alloy upper is released by slag notch 12; Combustiblematerials in electronic waste produces heat by burning, except the temperature of reaction maintained in stove, can also be reclaimed utilized by waste heat boiler.The zinc of volatilization is discharged, then by dust collecting system enriching and recovering by the smoke outlet 21 of chimney.
Preferably, enter copper metallurgy industry reclaim valuable metal wherein further by going out metal melting alloy that golden mouth 11 releases.Further, the described flue dust containing zinc can also through waste heat boiler 3 recovery waste heat, and described dust collecting system is incorporated to sulfuric acid plant exhaust treatment system after reclaiming zinc.
(4) obtain metal melting alloy 2800kg, slag 3020kg, flue dust 300kg, sampling analysis is carried out to gained metal melting alloy, slag, flue dust, show that each metal content is as following table 2.Each major metal rate of recovery is Cu:90.23%, Al:91.54%, Zn:97.82%, Sn:99.17%, Au:92.75%, Ag:98.64%, Pd:99.17%, Fe:99.47%.
Table 2
Embodiment 3
As one embodiment of the present of invention, the method for described recovery non-ferrous metal and rare precious metal comprises the following steps:
(1) waste computer boards 8 tons is reclaimed from certain catenet company, its resource consists of the metal of 41.6%, the refractory oxide such as the plastics of 26.5% and the glass of 31.9%, pottery, the metals resources contained in waste computer boards is Cu:26.15%, Fe:4.25%, Al:3.12%, Zn:3%, Sn:1.5%, Au:300g/t, Ag:2200g/t, Pd:120g/t, by mass percentage.
Preferably, the old computer main board of recovery preferably same class other because the composition of different electronic waste can there is a big difference, the electronic waste as far as possible selecting composition gap little reclaims together.
(2) above-mentioned waste computer boards is broken, to be joined by sodium carbonate in broken computer main board and Homogeneous phase mixing obtains mixture, the add-on of sodium carbonate is 240kg, and namely the mass ratio of electronic waste and sodium carbonate is 100:3.
(3) step (2) described mixture is joined 1m from the opening for feed of interior smelting furnace continuously with the speed of 1.75t/h
2in interior smelting furnace, and spray in stove by Sweet natural gas and oxygen by the heating unit that interior smelting furnace is provided with, controlling in-furnace temperature by heating unit is 1100 DEG C.Under continuous heating condition, mixture reacts in stove, and wherein most of metal is sunken to bottom of furnace body with molten alloy state, and a small amount of zinc volatilization enters flue dust, and slag is that scum silica frost thing floats over metal melting alloy upper.
It should be noted that, the effect of Sweet natural gas is heating, makes to heat up in stove, reaches 1100 DEG C, to control furnace body temperature.Oxygen is then ignition dope.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, comprise body of heater 1 and chimney 2, described chimney 2 is positioned at the top of body of heater 1 to the structure of described interior smelting furnace, and is communicated with it.The bottom of described body of heater 1 is provided with out golden mouth 11, and middle and lower part is provided with slag notch 12, and middle part is provided with blast inlet 13, and near top is provided with opening for feed 14.The top of described chimney 2 has smoke outlet 21.Preferably, the waste heat boiler 3 for reclaiming flue dust waste heat is provided with near the smoke outlet 21 of described chimney.
Mixture enters described body of heater 1 by opening for feed 14 and carries out high-temperature fusion, Sweet natural gas and oxygen enter in described body of heater 1 by blast inlet 13, the metal melting alloy produced is released by going out golden mouth 11, and the slag floating over metal melting alloy upper is released by slag notch 12; Combustiblematerials in electronic waste produces heat by burning, except the temperature of reaction maintained in stove, can also be reclaimed utilized by waste heat boiler.The zinc of volatilization is discharged, then by dust collecting system enriching and recovering by the smoke outlet 21 of chimney.
Preferably, enter copper metallurgy industry reclaim valuable metal wherein further by going out metal melting alloy that golden mouth 11 releases.Further, the described flue dust containing zinc can also through waste heat boiler 3 recovery waste heat, and described dust collecting system is incorporated to sulfuric acid plant exhaust treatment system after reclaiming zinc.
(4) obtain metal melting alloy 2850kg, slag 3000kg, flue dust 295kg, sampling analysis is carried out to gained metal melting alloy, slag, flue dust, show that each metal content is as following table 3.Each major metal rate of recovery is Cu:98.40%, Al:99.91%, Zn:98.21%, Sn:99.28%, Au:99.75%, Ag:99.67%, Pd:99.16, Fe:99.08%.
Table 3
Embodiment 4
As one embodiment of the present of invention, the method for described recovery non-ferrous metal and rare precious metal comprises the following steps:
(1) waste computer boards 8 tons is reclaimed from certain catenet company, its resource consists of the metal of 41.6%, the refractory oxide such as the plastics of 26.5% and the glass of 31.9%, pottery, the metals resources contained in waste computer boards is Cu:26.15%, Fe:4.25%, Al:3.12%, Zn:3%, Sn:1.5%, Au:300g/t, Ag:2200g/t, Pd:120g/t, by mass percentage.
Preferably, the old computer main board of recovery preferably same class other because the composition of different electronic waste can there is a big difference, the electronic waste as far as possible selecting composition gap little reclaims together.
(2) above-mentioned waste computer boards is broken, to be joined by sodium carbonate in broken computer main board and Homogeneous phase mixing obtains mixture, the add-on of sodium carbonate is 320kg, and namely the mass ratio of electronic waste and sodium carbonate is 100:4.
(3) step (2) described mixture is joined 1m from the opening for feed of interior smelting furnace continuously with the speed of 2.1t/h
2in interior smelting furnace, and spray in stove by Sweet natural gas and oxygen by the heating unit that interior smelting furnace is provided with, controlling in-furnace temperature by heating unit is 1000 DEG C.Under continuous heating condition, mixture reacts in stove, and wherein most of metal is sunken to bottom of furnace body with molten alloy state, and a small amount of zinc volatilization enters flue dust, and slag is that scum silica frost thing floats over metal melting alloy upper.
It should be noted that, the effect of Sweet natural gas is heating, makes to heat up in stove, reaches 1000 DEG C, to control furnace body temperature.Oxygen is then ignition dope.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, comprise body of heater 1 and chimney 2, described chimney 2 is positioned at the top of body of heater 1 to the structure of described interior smelting furnace, and is communicated with it.The bottom of described body of heater 1 is provided with out golden mouth 11, and middle and lower part is provided with slag notch 12, and middle part is provided with blast inlet 13, and near top is provided with opening for feed 14.The top of described chimney 2 has smoke outlet 21.Preferably, the waste heat boiler 3 for reclaiming flue dust waste heat is provided with near the smoke outlet 21 of described chimney.
Mixture enters described body of heater 1 by opening for feed 14 and carries out high-temperature fusion, Sweet natural gas and oxygen enter in described body of heater 1 by blast inlet 13, the metal melting alloy produced is released by going out golden mouth 11, and the slag floating over metal melting alloy upper is released by slag notch 12; Combustiblematerials in electronic waste produces heat by burning, except the temperature of reaction maintained in stove, can also be reclaimed utilized by waste heat boiler.The zinc of volatilization is discharged, then by dust collecting system enriching and recovering by the smoke outlet 21 of chimney.
Preferably, enter copper metallurgy industry reclaim valuable metal wherein further by going out metal melting alloy that golden mouth 11 releases.Further, the described flue dust containing zinc can also through waste heat boiler 3 recovery waste heat, and described dust collecting system is incorporated to sulfuric acid plant exhaust treatment system after reclaiming zinc.
(4) obtain metal melting alloy 2660kg, slag 3070kg, flue dust 312kg, sampling analysis is carried out to gained metal melting alloy, slag, flue dust, show that each metal content is as following table 4.Each major metal rate of recovery is Cu:99.28%, Al:99.64%, Zn:99.19%, Sn:99.75%, Au:98.09%, Ag:99.75%, Pd:99.47%.
Table 4
Embodiment 5
As one embodiment of the present of invention, the method for described recovery non-ferrous metal and rare precious metal comprises the following steps:
(1) waste computer boards 8 tons is reclaimed from certain catenet company, its resource consists of the metal of 41.6%, the refractory oxide such as the plastics of 26.5% and the glass of 31.9%, pottery, the metals resources contained in waste computer boards is Cu:26.15%, Fe:4.25%, Al:3.12%, Zn:3%, Sn:1.5%, Au:300g/t, Ag:2200g/t, Pd:120g/t, by mass percentage.
Preferably, the old computer main board of recovery preferably same class other because the composition of different electronic waste can there is a big difference, the electronic waste as far as possible selecting composition gap little reclaims together.
(2) above-mentioned waste computer boards is broken, to be joined by sodium carbonate in broken computer main board and Homogeneous phase mixing obtains mixture, the add-on of sodium carbonate is 360kg, and namely the mass ratio of electronic waste and sodium carbonate is 100:4.5.
(3) step (2) described mixture is joined 1m from the opening for feed of interior smelting furnace continuously with the speed of 1.6t/h
2in interior smelting furnace, and spray in stove by Sweet natural gas and oxygen by the heating unit that interior smelting furnace is provided with, controlling in-furnace temperature by heating unit is 900 DEG C.Under continuous heating condition, mixture reacts in stove, and wherein most of metal is sunken to bottom of furnace body with molten alloy state, and a small amount of zinc volatilization enters flue dust, and slag is that scum silica frost thing floats over metal melting alloy upper.
It should be noted that, the effect of Sweet natural gas is heating, makes to heat up in stove, reaches 900 DEG C, to control furnace body temperature.Oxygen is then ignition dope.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, comprise body of heater 1 and chimney 2, described chimney 2 is positioned at the top of body of heater 1 to the structure of described interior smelting furnace, and is communicated with it.The bottom of described body of heater 1 is provided with out golden mouth 11, and middle and lower part is provided with slag notch 12, and middle part is provided with blast inlet 13, and near top is provided with opening for feed 14.The top of described chimney 2 has smoke outlet 21.Preferably, the waste heat boiler 3 for reclaiming flue dust waste heat is provided with near the smoke outlet 21 of described chimney.
Mixture enters described body of heater 1 by opening for feed 14 and carries out high-temperature fusion, Sweet natural gas and oxygen enter in described body of heater 1 by blast inlet 13, the metal melting alloy produced is released by going out golden mouth 11, and the slag floating over metal melting alloy upper is released by slag notch 12; Combustiblematerials in electronic waste produces heat by burning, except the temperature of reaction maintained in stove, can also be reclaimed utilized by waste heat boiler.The zinc of volatilization is discharged, then by dust collecting system enriching and recovering by the smoke outlet 21 of chimney.
Preferably, enter copper metallurgy industry reclaim valuable metal wherein further by going out metal melting alloy that golden mouth 11 releases.Further, the described flue dust containing zinc can also through waste heat boiler 3 recovery waste heat, and described dust collecting system is incorporated to sulfuric acid plant exhaust treatment system after reclaiming zinc.
(4) obtain metal melting alloy 2900kg, slag 2970kg, flue dust 308kg, sampling analysis is carried out to gained metal melting alloy, slag, flue dust, show that each metal content is as following table 5.Each major metal rate of recovery is Cu:98.29%, Al:99.57, Zn:99.39%, Sn:99.08%, Au:99.69%, Ag:99.36%, Pd:99.08%, Fe:99.78%.
Table 5
As can be seen here, the method of recovery non-ferrous metal provided by the invention and rare precious metal utilizes interior smelting furnace high melt electronic waste, and make reaction reach sufficiently high temperature, temperature of combustion is greater than 800 DEG C, dioxin can not be produced, the abundant melting of metal simple-substance, thoroughly, the metal melting alloy of generation is sunken to bottom of furnace body for metal and separating organic matters, release by going out golden mouth 11, the slag floating over metal melting alloy upper is released by slag notch 12, and the zinc of volatilization enters flue dust, by dust collecting system enriching and recovering.Therefore, the method is simple and easy to realization, treatment capacity is large, automatization level is high, recovery rate of valuable metals is high, importantly can not produce dioxin and reluctant waste water and dregs.
Those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. reclaim a method for non-ferrous metal and rare precious metal, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) electronic waste after pulverizing, sodium carbonate are sent into interior smelting furnace;
2) in stove, Sweet natural gas and oxygen is blasted, controlling furnace body temperature is 800 ~ 1300 DEG C, mixture reacts in stove, wherein most of metal is sunken to bottom of furnace body with molten alloy state, released by the Jin Kou that goes out of interior furnace bottom, the zinc of volatilization enters flue dust, by dust collecting system enriching and recovering, slag is that scum silica frost thing floats over metal melting alloy upper, is released by the slag notch of interior furnace bottom; Combustiblematerials in electronic waste produces heat by burning, maintains temperature of reaction.
2. the method for recovery non-ferrous metal according to claim 1 and rare precious metal, is characterized in that, in step 1) in, the mass ratio of described electronic waste and sodium carbonate is 100:2 ~ 8.
3. the method for recovery non-ferrous metal according to claim 1 and rare precious metal, is characterized in that, in step 2) in, controlling furnace body temperature is 900 ~ 1200 DEG C.
4. the method for recovery non-ferrous metal according to claim 1 and rare precious metal, is characterized in that, in step 2) in, the described flue dust containing zinc is through waste heat boiler recovery waste heat, and described dust collecting system is incorporated to sulfuric acid plant exhaust treatment system after reclaiming zinc.
5. the method for recovery non-ferrous metal according to claim 1 and rare precious metal, is characterized in that, in step 2) in, enter copper metallurgy industry reclaim valuable metal wherein further by going out metal melting alloy that Jin Kou releases.
6. the method for recovery non-ferrous metal according to claim 1 and rare precious metal, is characterized in that, described interior smelting furnace comprises body of heater and chimney, and described chimney is positioned at the top of body of heater, and is communicated with it; The bottom of described body of heater is provided with out Jin Kou, and middle and lower part is provided with slag notch, and middle part is provided with blast inlet, and near top is provided with opening for feed.
7. the method for recovery non-ferrous metal according to claim 6 and rare precious metal, is characterized in that, is provided with the waste heat boiler for reclaiming flue dust waste heat near the smoke outlet of described chimney.
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