CN104445831A - Household type rural domestic wastewater treatment and recycling integrated system - Google Patents
Household type rural domestic wastewater treatment and recycling integrated system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000010840 domestic wastewater Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 title 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010797 grey water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010866 blackwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009304 pastoral farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009374 poultry farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Biological Wastes In General (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种户用式农村生活污水处理、回用一体化系统，它包括水解酸化池（1）、沉淀池（2）、生态滤池（3）和集水池（4），水解酸化池（1）前端上部安装有黑水收集管（5），水解酸化池（1）的后端通过水解酸化池出水管（8）连通沉淀池（2），沉淀池（2）侧壁上装有灰水收集管（6），沉淀池（2）通过生态滤池布水管（7）连通生态滤池（3），生态滤池布水管（7）的分布式出水口埋入生态滤池（3）的沙土层中，且位于生态滤池（3）前段的粗砾石填料（12）上方，生态滤池（3）后段通过池壁上的通孔与集水池（4）连通。本发明的技术效果，对农村单个住户实现了污水收集处理，经处理后的水储存在集水池内能回收利用。
The invention discloses an integrated system for household sewage treatment and reuse in rural areas. The upper part of the front end of the pool (1) is equipped with a black water collection pipe (5), and the rear end of the hydrolysis acidification pool (1) is connected to the sedimentation tank (2) through the outlet pipe (8) of the hydrolysis acidification pool, and the side wall of the sedimentation tank (2) is equipped with The gray water collection pipe (6) and the sedimentation tank (2) are connected to the ecological filter (3) through the ecological filter water distribution pipe (7), and the distributed outlets of the ecological filter water distribution pipe (7) are buried in the ecological filter (3 ), and above the coarse gravel filler (12) in the front section of the ecological filter (3), the rear section of the ecological filter (3) communicates with the sump (4) through through holes on the pool wall. The technical effect of the present invention realizes sewage collection and treatment for a single household in rural areas, and the treated water is stored in a sump for recycling.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明属于污水处理技术，具体涉及到一种农村单个住户的污水处理设施。 The invention belongs to sewage treatment technology, and in particular relates to a sewage treatment facility for a single household in rural areas.
背景技术 Background technique
当前，在我国西部丘陵地区，农村住户呈分散状态，这种地理分布特征造成了污水难以收集，同时农村大部分住户都没有完备的污水收集管渠和相应的处理设施，大部分污水都是未经处理就直接排放，而这些污水都具有较高的N、P含量，直接排放会造成环境污染。 At present, in the hilly areas of western my country, rural households are in a scattered state. This geographical distribution makes it difficult to collect sewage. At the same time, most rural households do not have complete sewage collection pipes and corresponding treatment facilities. Most of the sewage is undeveloped. After treatment, it is directly discharged, and these sewages have high N and P content, and direct discharge will cause environmental pollution.
目前农村提倡修建沼气池作为废物处理设施，但沼气池的主要作用是为农户提供照明和燃气，这对于经济发达的农村而言，可以产生稳定的沼气，而相对于经济落后的农村，不能产生足量的人畜粪便和秸秆，这就不能充分发挥沼气池的效用，同时沼气池的造价也较高。此外，同时沼气池所排除的废液也会对农村环境造成很严重的污染，所以沼气池不能实现污水处理的功能。 At present, the rural areas advocate the construction of biogas digesters as waste treatment facilities, but the main function of biogas digesters is to provide lighting and gas for farmers. For rural areas with developed economies, stable biogas can be produced, but compared to rural areas with backward economies, it cannot produce Sufficient human and animal manure and straw, which can not give full play to the utility of the biogas digester, and the cost of the biogas digester is also relatively high. In addition, at the same time, the waste liquid discharged by the biogas digester will also cause serious pollution to the rural environment, so the biogas digester cannot realize the function of sewage treatment.
此外，修建土地渗滤系统属于农村污水处理中的一种技术，但是这种技术的缺点是在较大的负荷下，容易发生堵塞，从而导致雍水；同时，要充分发挥土地渗滤系统的处理效率，则需要较大的占地面积，在当前耕地资源急剧减少的现实背景下，该技术不宜在那些土地资源贫乏的地区采用。 In addition, the construction of land infiltration system is a kind of technology in rural sewage treatment, but the disadvantage of this technology is that it is prone to clogging under heavy load, resulting in flooding; at the same time, the land infiltration system must be fully utilized In order to improve the processing efficiency, a large area is required. Under the current background of sharply reduced cultivated land resources, this technology is not suitable for use in areas with poor land resources.
作为城镇使用的人工湿地，由于建设面积大、投资高，也不适用于住户分散的西部农村地区。 Constructed wetlands used in cities and towns are not suitable for western rural areas where residents are scattered due to large construction area and high investment.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
针对现有技术的不足，本发明所要解决的技术问题就是提供一种户用式农村生活污水处理、回用一体化系统，它针对农村单个住户能实现污水的处理，达标排放，并能回收利用。 Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a household type rural domestic sewage treatment and reuse integrated system, which can realize the treatment of sewage for a single rural household, discharge it up to the standard, and recycle it .
本发明所要解决的技术问题是通过这样的技术方案实现的，它包括有水解酸化池、沉淀池、生态滤池和集水池，水解酸化池前端上部安装有黑水收集管，水解酸化池的后端通过水解酸化池出水管连通沉淀池，沉淀池侧壁上装有灰水收集管，沉淀池通过生态滤池布水管连通生态滤池，生态滤池布水管的分布式出水口埋入生态滤池的沙土层中，且位于生态滤池前段的粗砾石填料上方，生态滤池后段通过池壁上的通孔与集水池连通。 The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through such a technical scheme, which includes a hydrolytic acidification tank, a sedimentation tank, an ecological filter and a sump. The end is connected to the sedimentation tank through the outlet pipe of the hydrolysis acidification tank. The gray water collection pipe is installed on the side wall of the sedimentation tank. The sedimentation tank is connected to the ecological filter through the water distribution pipe of the ecological filter. The distributed outlet of the water distribution pipe of the ecological filter is buried in the ecological filter. In the sandy soil layer, and above the coarse gravel packing in the front section of the ecological filter, the rear section of the ecological filter communicates with the sump through the through hole on the pool wall.
本发明的工作原理是：根据水质的不同将污水进行分流处理，黑水通过黑水收集管进入水解酸化池，将大分子污染物降解为小分子污染物；灰水则直接进入沉淀池与水解酸化池处理后的黑水进行混合、沉淀，再进入生态滤池后作进一步处理，出水储存在集水池作为回收之用。本发明中将厌氧处理和生态滤池，集中为一体，缩短了反应流程。 The working principle of the present invention is: according to the difference of water quality, the sewage is divided and treated, the black water enters the hydrolysis acidification tank through the black water collection pipe, and the macromolecular pollutants are degraded into small molecular pollutants; the gray water directly enters the sedimentation tank and is hydrolyzed The black water treated in the acidification tank is mixed and precipitated, and then enters the ecological filter for further treatment, and the effluent is stored in the sump for recycling. In the present invention, the anaerobic treatment and the ecological filter are integrated into one body, and the reaction process is shortened.
所以本发明的技术效果，对农村单个住户实现了污水处理，处理后的水储存在集水池内能回收利用。该系统处理后的水质满足农田灌溉水标准(GB5084-2005)和畜禽养殖业污染物排放标准（GB18596-2001）所规定的要求。 Therefore, the technical effect of the present invention realizes sewage treatment for a single household in rural areas, and the treated water is stored in the sump for recycling. The water quality treated by the system meets the requirements stipulated in the farmland irrigation water standard (GB5084-2005) and the livestock and poultry breeding industry pollutant discharge standard (GB18596-2001).
附图说明 Description of drawings
本发明的附图说明如下： The accompanying drawings of the present invention are as follows:
图1为本发明的平面结构示意图； Fig. 1 is the plane structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
图2为图1的A-A剖面图； Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1;
图3为图1的B-B剖面图； Fig. 3 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 1;
图4为图1的C-C剖面图。 Fig. 4 is a C-C sectional view of Fig. 1 .
图中：1.水解酸化池；2.沉淀池；3.生态滤池；4.集水池；5.黑水收集管；6.灰水收集管；7.生态滤池布水管；8.水解酸化池出水管；10.水解酸化池隔板；11.活动隔板；12.粗砾石填料；13.细砾石填料；14.卵石填料；15.沙土。 In the figure: 1. Hydrolysis and acidification tank; 2. Sedimentation tank; 3. Ecological filter; 4. Collection tank; 5. Black water collection pipe; 6. Gray water collection pipe; 7. Ecological filter water distribution pipe; 8. Hydrolysis Acidification tank outlet pipe; 10. Hydrolytic acidification tank partition; 11. Movable partition; 12. Coarse gravel packing; 13. Fine gravel packing; 14. Pebble packing; 15. Sand.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明： Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention will be further described:
如图1所示，本发明包括水解酸化池1、沉淀池2、生态滤池3和集水池4，水解酸化池1前端上部安装有黑水收集管5，水解酸化池1的后端通过水解酸化池出水管8连通沉淀池2，沉淀池2侧壁上装有灰水收集管6，沉淀池2通过生态滤池布水管7连通生态滤池3，生态滤池布水管7的分布式出水口埋入生态滤池3的沙土层中，且位于生态滤池3前段的粗砾石填料12上方，生态滤池3后段通过池壁上的通孔与集水池4连通。 As shown in Figure 1, the present invention comprises a hydrolytic acidification tank 1, a sedimentation tank 2, an ecological filter 3 and a sump 4, a black water collection pipe 5 is installed on the upper part of the front end of the hydrolysis acidification tank 1, and the rear end of the hydrolysis acidification tank 1 passes through the hydrolysis The outlet pipe 8 of the acidification tank is connected to the sedimentation tank 2, and the side wall of the sedimentation tank 2 is equipped with a gray water collection pipe 6, and the sedimentation tank 2 is connected to the ecological filter 3 through the ecological filter water distribution pipe 7, and the distributed water outlet of the ecological filter water distribution pipe 7 Buried in the sand layer of the ecological filter 3, and located above the coarse gravel filler 12 in the front section of the ecological filter 3, the rear section of the ecological filter 3 communicates with the sump 4 through the through hole on the pool wall.
如图1所示，水解酸化池1与沉淀池2之间设有活动隔板11以实施隔离。活动隔板11可以根据负荷的大小调整水解酸化池1的容积，从而达到改变水力停留时间，来适应不同的负荷。 As shown in Figure 1, a movable partition 11 is provided between the hydrolytic acidification tank 1 and the sedimentation tank 2 for isolation. The movable partition 11 can adjust the volume of the hydrolytic acidification tank 1 according to the size of the load, so as to change the hydraulic retention time to adapt to different loads.
如图1和图2所示，水解酸化池1顶部盖有带入孔的密封盖板，水解酸化池1由折流板10分为两段，前、后两段水解酸化池通过折流板10底部连通。黑水流态为从前段水解酸化池上部的黑水收集管5进入，然后从折流板10底部流进后两段水解酸化池，再从后两段水解酸化池上部流出，以提高黑水处理效率。 As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the top of the hydrolytic acidification tank 1 is covered with a sealing cover plate with an inlet hole. The hydrolytic acidification tank 1 is divided into two sections by a baffle 10, and the front and rear hydrolysis acidification tanks pass through the baffle. 10 connected at the bottom. The flow state of black water is to enter from the black water collecting pipe 5 at the upper part of the hydrolytic acidification tank in the front stage, then flow into the second two hydrolytic acidification tanks from the bottom of the baffle plate 10, and then flow out from the upper part of the last two hydrolytic acidification tanks to improve the treatment of black water. efficiency.
如图1和图3所示，沉淀池2的灰水收集管6和水解酸化池出水管8安装在沉淀池同一侧，灰水收集管6和水解酸化池出水管8伸入沉淀池底部。从沉淀池同一侧进水从而达到平流式的混合，同时由沉淀池底部进水，减小水解酸化池1出水和灰水混合后对水体的扰动，增强沉淀效果。 As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the gray water collection pipe 6 of the sedimentation tank 2 and the outlet pipe 8 of the hydrolytic acidification tank are installed on the same side of the sedimentation tank, and the gray water collection pipe 6 and the outlet pipe 8 of the hydrolysis acidification tank extend into the bottom of the sedimentation tank. The water is fed from the same side of the sedimentation tank to achieve advection mixing, and at the same time, the water is fed from the bottom of the sedimentation tank to reduce the disturbance of the water body after the effluent of the hydrolysis acidification tank 1 is mixed with the gray water, and enhance the sedimentation effect.
如图1和图4所示，生态滤池3上层铺有10cm厚的细砂与土壤混合的沙土15，沙土15上种植湿地植物，下层按前、中、后三段依次装填有粒径2-3cm的粗砾石填料12、粒径1-1.5cm的细砾石填料13和粒径2-2.5cm的卵石填料14。前段的粗砾石填料12作为生态滤池3的配水区，中段的细砾石填料13作为主体过滤区，后段的卵石填料14作为出水区。出水通过均匀分布的排水孔进入集水池4。 As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, the sandy soil 15 that the fine sand of 10cm thickness is mixed with soil is paved on the upper layer of ecological filter 3, wetland plants are planted on the sandy soil 15, and the lower layer is filled with particle size 2 in turn by the front, middle and rear three sections. -3cm coarse gravel filler 12, fine gravel filler 13 with a particle size of 1-1.5cm and pebble filler 14 with a particle size of 2-2.5cm. The coarse gravel packing 12 in the front section is used as the water distribution area of the ecological filter 3, the fine gravel packing 13 in the middle section is used as the main filter area, and the pebble packing 14 in the rear section is used as the water outlet area. The outlet water enters the sump 4 through evenly distributed drainage holes.
本发明在重庆某乡镇实际运行处理效果是黑水进水水质为COD:1053-1819(mg/l)、NH4 +-N:286-437(mg/l)、TP:10-27.5(mg/l)；灰水进水质为COD:240-365(mg/l)、NH4 +-N:7-21(mg/l)、TP:1-5.1；出水水质为：COD：80-112(mg/l) 、NH4 +-N:20-35(mg/l)、TP:1.5-3.4。出水COD小于农田灌溉水标准(GB5084-2005)中水作灌溉标准所规定的150 mg/l，NH4 +-N小于畜禽养殖业污染物排放标准（GB18596-2001）所规定的400 mg/l，TP: 小于畜禽养殖业污染物排放标准（GB18596-2001）所规定的8 mg/l。 The present invention is in the actual operation treatment effect of certain villages and towns in Chongqing that the influent water quality of black water is COD: 1053-1819 (mg/l), NH 4 + -N: 286-437 (mg/l), TP: 10-27.5 (mg /l); Gray water influent quality: COD: 240-365(mg/l), NH 4 + -N: 7-21(mg/l), TP: 1-5.1; Outlet water quality: COD: 80-112 (mg/l), NH 4 + -N: 20-35 (mg/l), TP: 1.5-3.4. The COD of the effluent is less than 150 mg/l specified in the water irrigation standard of farmland irrigation water (GB5084-2005), and the NH 4 + -N is less than 400 mg/l specified in the pollutant discharge standard of livestock and poultry breeding (GB18596-2001). l, TP: less than 8 mg/l stipulated in the Pollutant Discharge Standard for Livestock and Poultry Farming Industry (GB18596-2001).
本发明降低了建造成本，一体化的结构缩短了污水处理的流程，分流式的进水提高了污水处理的效率。经过生态滤池3处理后的水能用于回灌农作物，水解酸化池的粪泥能用于堆肥，从而对农村污水实现了零排放，重复使用。整个装置没有动力设备，具有低运行费用和较高的维护性。特别适合西部农村地区的分散农户，具有很强的推广价值。 The invention reduces the construction cost, the integrated structure shortens the flow of sewage treatment, and the split-flow water inlet improves the efficiency of sewage treatment. The water treated by the ecological filter 3 can be used to re-irrigate crops, and the sludge from the hydrolytic acidification tank can be used for composting, thereby realizing zero discharge and repeated use of rural sewage. The whole device has no power equipment, has low operating cost and high maintenance. It is especially suitable for scattered farmers in rural areas in the west, and has strong promotion value.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105036327A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-11-11 | 农业部沼气科学研究所 | Household domestic sewage purification device |
| CN109319921A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-02-12 | 江苏大湖环境工程有限公司 | A kind of integral bio trickling filter |
| CN109734254A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-05-10 | 重庆大学 | An integrated system of rural small-scale domestic sewage collection, treatment and reuse |
| CN110451735A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-11-15 | 陈春虹 | Heisui River, buck integrated sewage disposal pond |
| CN113562929A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-10-29 | 江苏启德水务有限公司 | Integrated high-efficient denitrogenation sewage treatment device |
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| CN203212426U (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-09-25 | 江苏金梓环境科技有限公司 | Low-energy-consumption treatment system of domestic sewage |
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| US20070199893A1 (en) * | 2002-06-17 | 2007-08-30 | Worrell Water Technologies, Llc | Tidal Vertical Flow Wastewater Treatment System and Method |
| CN201581029U (en) * | 2009-09-27 | 2010-09-15 | 中国农业大学 | A northern household rural sewage treatment device |
| CN201770574U (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2011-03-23 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院 | Rural domestic wastewater treatment system using composite-anaerobic and constructed-wetland combined treatment process |
| CN201864647U (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2011-06-15 | 上海净淼环境科技有限公司 | Underground unpowered domestic sewage and soil treatment device |
| CN102260021A (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2011-11-30 | 同济大学 | Process and device for deep denitrogenation of domestic wastewater without additional carbon source |
| CN102531185A (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2012-07-04 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Variable flow constructed wetland provided with winter temperature maintaining and raising device |
| CN203212426U (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-09-25 | 江苏金梓环境科技有限公司 | Low-energy-consumption treatment system of domestic sewage |
| CN203212433U (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-09-25 | 北京清水生态环境工程有限公司 | Rural sewage treatment system |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105036327A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-11-11 | 农业部沼气科学研究所 | Household domestic sewage purification device |
| CN109319921A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-02-12 | 江苏大湖环境工程有限公司 | A kind of integral bio trickling filter |
| CN109734254A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-05-10 | 重庆大学 | An integrated system of rural small-scale domestic sewage collection, treatment and reuse |
| CN110451735A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-11-15 | 陈春虹 | Heisui River, buck integrated sewage disposal pond |
| CN113562929A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-10-29 | 江苏启德水务有限公司 | Integrated high-efficient denitrogenation sewage treatment device |
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|---|---|
| CN104445831B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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