CN104444395B - Offline automatic brick stacking assembly line - Google Patents
Offline automatic brick stacking assembly line Download PDFInfo
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- CN104444395B CN104444395B CN201410684952.XA CN201410684952A CN104444395B CN 104444395 B CN104444395 B CN 104444395B CN 201410684952 A CN201410684952 A CN 201410684952A CN 104444395 B CN104444395 B CN 104444395B
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- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 676
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- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G57/00—Stacking of articles
- B65G57/32—Stacking of articles characterised by stacking during transit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B35/00—Supplying, feeding, arranging or orientating articles to be packaged
- B65B35/30—Arranging and feeding articles in groups
- B65B35/50—Stacking one article, or group of articles, upon another before packaging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G57/00—Stacking of articles
- B65G57/02—Stacking of articles by adding to the top of the stack
- B65G57/16—Stacking of articles of particular shape
- B65G57/20—Stacking of articles of particular shape three-dimensional, e.g. cubiform, cylindrical
- B65G57/22—Stacking of articles of particular shape three-dimensional, e.g. cubiform, cylindrical in layers each of predetermined arrangement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G61/00—Use of pick-up or transfer devices or of manipulators for stacking or de-stacking articles not otherwise provided for
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
- Stacking Of Articles And Auxiliary Devices (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提出离线自动码砖流水线,包括砖排列装置、砖运转装置和码砖装置。如此,本发明的砖排列装置可将砖层相对于上一层或下一层砖层减少至少一排或一列;砖运转装置将相应的砖层相对于上一层或下一层砖层转动预定角度,成型砖垛更加稳定;码垛装置在可罗列未减少排或列的砖层的同时,将已减少排或列的砖层拉开,相邻排或列之间形成空隙,再进行罗列,当成型砖垛被打包后,空隙便于运载装置插入抓取,如当具有两个空隙时,可供叉车的两个插角插入进行搬运。因而,本发明码砖质量好,效率高,成型砖垛便于叉车等运载装置进行运输,机械化、自动化程度高,适应各种砖型和砖成型机,实用性强。本发明还提出一种码砖方法,可高效实现前述功能。
The invention proposes an offline automatic brick code assembly line, which includes a brick arrangement device, a brick running device and a brick code device. In this way, the brick arrangement device of the present invention can reduce the brick layer by at least one row or column relative to the upper or lower brick layer; the brick running device rotates the corresponding brick layer relative to the upper or lower brick layer The predetermined angle makes the stack of formed bricks more stable; while the stacking device can list the brick layers that have not been reduced in rows or columns, it can also pull apart the brick layers that have been reduced in rows or columns, forming gaps between adjacent rows or columns, and then Listed, when the formed brick stack is packed, the gap is convenient for the carrier to insert and grab. For example, when there are two gaps, the two corners of the forklift can be inserted for handling. Therefore, the present invention has good brick quality and high efficiency, and the formed brick pile is convenient for transportation by forklifts and other carriers, has high degree of mechanization and automation, is suitable for various brick types and brick forming machines, and has strong practicability. The present invention also proposes a brick code method, which can efficiently realize the aforementioned functions.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及砖成型后的运输和码砖设备领域,具体涉及离线自动码砖流水线及基于整条流水线。The invention relates to the field of brick-forming transportation and brick-coding equipment, in particular to an offline automatic brick-coding assembly line and the entire assembly line.
背景技术Background technique
砖的成型机已为公知,如中国发明专利CN201110163868.X公开一种砖坯成型机,包括机架及其上装配的下模架,所述的下模架上设有用于砖坯成型的模具,所述的模具包括模具底板,所述的砖坯成型机还包括用于向模具底板传递振动力的振动台,所述的振动台包括振动力输出端,所述的模具底板与振动台的振动力输出端之间设有用于使其两者传动配合一起振动和相互脱离断开传动的开合机构,所述的开合机构具有用于与模具底板顶压和离合的传动装置以及为所述传动装置提供驱动力的配合体。所述的传动装置包括于所述模具底板的下方沿上下方向依次设置的减振弹簧和用于与所述减振弹簧顶推配合的传力杆,所述的配合体包括于所述振动台上转动装配且转动轴线沿水平方向延伸的转动轴,所述的转动轴沿其周向分布有用于与所述传力杆顶推传动的配合面和脱离断开传动的脱离面,所述的转动轴的一端设有用于扭矩输入的扭矩输入段。所述的配合面和脱离面的长度延伸方向都沿所述转动轴的轴向延伸,所述的脱离面和配合面分别有两个且沿所述转动轴的转动轴线对称分布。所述的配合面沿垂直于所述转动轴的转动轴线的截面形状为弧形,所述的脱离面沿垂直于所述转动轴的转动轴线的截面形状为直线形,所述的配合面与所述转动轴的转动轴线之间的距离大于所述的脱离面与所述转动轴的转动轴线之间的距离。所述传力杆的两端具有塑性垫片。所述的转动轴的扭矩输入段传动连接有用于控制所述转动轴绕其转动轴线做旋转运动的气缸。所述的机架上沿上下方向设有导向柱,所述的下模架沿水平方向固连设置于所述的导向柱上,所述的模具沿上下方向导向移动装配于所述的下模架上,所述的模具内沿上下方向开设有贯通所述模具上下侧且截面形状为方形的成型腔,所述的模具底板通过间隙配合设置于所述的成型腔内。The molding machine of brick is known, as Chinese invention patent CN201110163868.X discloses a kind of adobe molding machine, comprises frame and the lower formwork that assembles on it, and described lower formwork is provided with the mold that is used for adobe forming, so The mold includes a mold bottom plate, and the adobe forming machine also includes a vibrating table for transmitting vibration force to the mold bottom plate, the vibrating table includes a vibration force output end, and the vibration force output of the mold bottom plate and the vibrating table There is an opening and closing mechanism between the two ends for making them drive and cooperate to vibrate together and separate from each other to disconnect the transmission. The opening and closing mechanism has a transmission device for pressing and clutching with the mold bottom plate and a The complex that provides the driving force. The transmission device includes damping springs arranged in the up-and-down direction below the mold bottom plate and dowel rods for push-fitting with the damping springs, and the matching body is included in the vibrating table A rotating shaft that is assembled on the top and the rotating axis extends in the horizontal direction. The rotating shaft is distributed along its circumference with a matching surface for pushing and driving with the dowel bar and a disengaging surface for breaking away from the driving. One end of the rotating shaft is provided with a torque input section for torque input. The length extension directions of the matching surface and the disengaging surface both extend along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and there are two respectively of the disengaging surfaces and the mating surfaces distributed symmetrically along the rotating axis of the rotating shaft. The cross-sectional shape of the mating surface perpendicular to the rotational axis of the rotational shaft is arc-shaped, the cross-sectional shape of the disengagement surface perpendicular to the rotational axis of the rotational shaft is linear, and the mating surface and The distance between the rotation axes of the rotation shafts is greater than the distance between the disengagement surface and the rotation axes of the rotation shafts. Both ends of the dowel bar have plastic spacers. The torque input section of the rotating shaft is transmission-connected with a cylinder for controlling the rotating motion of the rotating shaft around its axis of rotation. The frame is provided with guide columns along the up and down direction, the lower mold frame is fixedly connected to the guide columns along the horizontal direction, and the mold is guided and moved in the up and down direction and assembled on the lower mold On the shelf, a molding cavity with a square cross-sectional shape is opened in the mold along the up and down direction, passing through the upper and lower sides of the mold, and the bottom plate of the mold is arranged in the molding cavity through clearance fit.
该发明如同市场上的其他砖成型机一样,在砖成型后都要大致经过传运、转移和码垛操作,传统都采用手工操作,近年市场上也有一些传运类的机械出现,如中国发明专利CN 201310212511.5公开一种瓷砖机模板输送机构,该瓷砖机模板输送机构包括输送带以及模板存储框,所述模板存储框上下通透且置于输送带一端上方,该模板存储框内叠置有若干瓷砖模板,所述输送带的输送面被分割为互相之间存有一定间隙的若干输送段,所述输送段的长度与瓷砖模板的长度一致。再如中国发明专利CN 201110431706.X公开一种自动码垛机码砖机构,包括固接在自动码垛机上的底架,底架上转动连接有由动力装置驱动水平转动的转台,转台上连接有横向并排的旋转托板和平移托板,旋转托板由安装在转台上的旋转动力装置驱动水平转动,平移托板由安装在转台上的平移动力装置驱动横向平移靠拢或远离旋转托板,旋转托板的外侧部装有纵向设置的挡板,旋转托板的前侧部也固装有横向设置的挡板,底架上还滑动连接有位于平移托板外侧的消缝推板,消缝推板由安装在底架上的消缝动力装置驱动。所述转台上转动连接有转轴,所述旋转托板的底部固装在转轴上,转轴的下部装有曲柄,所述旋转动力装置为铰装在转台底部且倾斜向后伸出的推动油缸,推动油缸的活塞杆与曲柄铰接。所述转台上装有位于转轴后方且与曲柄水平位置对应的限位挡板。所述转台上转动连接有支撑轮,平移托板搭接在支撑轮上,平移托板的前后两侧部分别固接有贴合在转台前后侧部的限位板,所述平移动力装置为固装在转台上的平移油缸,平移油缸的活塞杆与平移托板的底部固接。所述消缝动力装置为安装在底架上的消缝油缸,消缝油缸的活塞杆与消缝推板的外侧面固接,底架上还固装有位于消缝油缸两侧且对称设置的套筒,消缝推板的外侧面装有滑动连接在套筒内的导向柱。所述输送段的之间的间隙内均设有位于输送段两侧的挡块。所述挡块的高度与瓷砖模板的厚度一致。但是这类机械的结构过于粗糙,实际中所能达到的传运和码砖效果并不理想,所适应的砖型和砖成型机范围窄,机械化、自动化程度不足,经常还需要人工配合,效率低下,实用性差。This invention, like other brick forming machines on the market, generally undergoes conveying, transferring and stacking operations after the bricks are formed. Traditionally, manual operations are used. In recent years, some conveying machines have also appeared on the market, such as the Chinese invention Patent CN 201310212511.5 discloses a template conveying mechanism for a tile machine. The template conveying mechanism for a tile machine includes a conveyor belt and a template storage frame. The template storage frame is transparent up and down and placed above one end of the conveyor belt. For several tile templates, the conveying surface of the conveyor belt is divided into several conveying sections with a certain gap between them, and the length of the conveying sections is consistent with the length of the tile templates. Another example is the Chinese invention patent CN 201110431706.X which discloses an automatic stacker brick mechanism, which includes a bottom frame fixedly connected to the automatic stacker. There are rotary pallets and translational pallets side by side side by side. The rotary pallet is driven to rotate horizontally by the rotary power device installed on the turntable, and the translational pallet is driven by the translational power device installed on the turntable to move laterally closer to or away from the rotary pallet. The outer side of the rotating pallet is equipped with a longitudinally arranged baffle, and the front side of the rotating pallet is also fixed with a horizontally arranged baffle, and the bottom frame is also slidably connected with a seam-eliminating push plate located on the outside of the translational pallet. The seam pushing plate is driven by the seam elimination power device installed on the bottom frame. The turntable is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft, the bottom of the rotating supporting plate is fixed on the rotating shaft, the lower part of the rotating shaft is equipped with a crank, and the rotating power device is a push cylinder hinged at the bottom of the turntable and protruding obliquely backward. The piston rod of the push cylinder is hinged with the crank. A limit baffle located behind the rotating shaft and corresponding to the horizontal position of the crank is installed on the turntable. The turntable is rotatably connected with supporting wheels, and the translation supporting plate is lapped on the supporting wheels, and the front and rear sides of the translation supporting plate are respectively fixed with limit plates attached to the front and rear sides of the turntable. The translation power device is The translation oil cylinder fixed on the turntable, the piston rod of the translation oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the bottom of the translation support plate. The seam elimination power device is a seam elimination cylinder installed on the bottom frame, the piston rod of the seam elimination cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the seam elimination push plate, and the bottom frame is also fixed with symmetrically arranged The sleeve, the outer surface of the seam elimination push plate is provided with a guide column that is slidably connected in the sleeve. Stoppers located on both sides of the conveying sections are provided in the gaps between the conveying sections. The height of the stopper is consistent with the thickness of the tile template. However, the structure of this kind of machinery is too rough, and the effect of conveying and stacking bricks that can be achieved in practice is not ideal. The range of brick types and brick forming machines that are suitable for it is narrow, and the degree of mechanization and automation is insufficient, and manual cooperation is often required. Low, poor practicality.
鉴于此,本案发明人对上述问题进行深入研究,遂有本案产生。In view of this, the inventor of this case conducted in-depth research on the above-mentioned problem, and then this case was produced.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种码砖质量好,效率高,且成型砖垛便于叉车等运载装置进行运输,机械化、自动化程度高,可适应各种砖型和砖成型机,实用性强的离线自动码砖流水线。The object of the present invention is to provide a brick stacking machine with good quality and high efficiency, and the formed brick pile is convenient for transportation by forklifts and other carrying devices, has a high degree of mechanization and automation, can adapt to various brick types and brick forming machines, and has strong practicability. Automatic code brick assembly line.
为了达到上述目的,本发明采用这样的技术方案:In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts such technical scheme:
离线自动码砖流水线,包括沿流水线依次设置的将砖堆排列成可码垛的砖层的砖排列装置,将砖层向前输送的砖运转装置,和将各砖层逐层码成成型砖垛的码砖装置;所述砖排列装置包括将砖层相对于上一层或下一层砖层减少至少一排或一列的减砖装置;所述砖运转装置包括将砖层相对于上一层或下一层砖层转动预定角度的转砖装置;所述码砖装置包括将已减少排或列的砖层拉开,使相邻的排或列之间形成一个、两个或三个以上空隙的机械夹手;上述转砖装置包括水平承载由上述砖排列装置输送的砖层的升降输送转板,驱动升降输送转板转动的转动驱动装置,承载于升降输送转板下方的连接装置,四根支撑于连接装置下方的传动支杆,和驱动传动支杆向上述码砖装置传动升降输送转板的升降移动驱动装置;各所述传动支杆等长、相互平行且不在同一平面内;各所述传动支杆的上端与所述连接装置枢接在一起,下端与相应的连接部枢接在一起;上述砖运转装置还包括砖运转架体;上述连接装置为水平板,四个等高的上述传动支杆沿与砖的输送方向相平行和相垂直的方向成矩阵分布,四个所述传动支杆的上端分别通过与砖的输送方向相垂直的上水平转轴枢接于所述水平板的下方,四个所述传动支杆的下端分别通过与上水平转轴相平行的下水平转轴枢接于所述砖运转架体的上述连接部上;上述升降移动驱动装置包括至少一个朝上述码砖装置方向驱动的第一流体压缸,所述第一流体压缸的一端枢接于所述砖运转架体上,另一端与至少一个所述传动支杆枢接在一起。The offline automatic brick stacking line includes a brick arrangement device arranged in sequence along the line to arrange the brick piles into stackable brick layers, a brick running device to transport the brick layers forward, and stack each brick layer into formed bricks layer by layer. Stacking brick stacking device; the brick arrangement device includes a brick reduction device that reduces the brick layer by at least one row or column relative to the previous or next brick layer; the brick running device includes reducing the brick layer relative to the previous layer A brick-turning device that rotates a predetermined angle for one or the next brick layer; the brick code device includes pulling apart the brick layers that have been reduced in rows or columns, so that one, two, or three brick layers are formed between adjacent rows or columns. The mechanical gripper in the above gap; the above-mentioned brick turning device includes a lifting and conveying turntable that horizontally carries the brick layer conveyed by the above-mentioned brick arrangement device, a rotating drive device that drives the lifting and conveying turntable to rotate, and a connecting device under the lifting and conveying turntable , four transmission poles supported below the connection device, and a lifting and moving drive device for driving the transmission poles to the above-mentioned code brick device to lift and transport the turntable; each of the transmission poles is equal in length, parallel to each other and not in the same plane The upper end of each transmission pole is pivotally connected with the connecting device, and the lower end is pivotally connected with the corresponding connecting part; the above-mentioned brick running device also includes a brick running frame; the above-mentioned connecting device is a horizontal plate, four The transmission struts of equal height are distributed in a matrix along the direction parallel to and perpendicular to the conveying direction of the bricks, and the upper ends of the four transmission struts are respectively pivotally connected to the upper horizontal shafts perpendicular to the conveying direction of the bricks. Below the horizontal plate, the lower ends of the four transmission poles are respectively pivotally connected to the above-mentioned connection part of the brick running frame through the lower horizontal shaft parallel to the upper horizontal shaft; the above-mentioned lifting and moving driving device includes at least one The first fluid pressure cylinder driven in the direction of the brick stacking device, one end of the first fluid pressure cylinder is pivotally connected to the brick running frame, and the other end is pivotally connected to at least one of the transmission rods.
上述转动驱动装置设于上述连接装置上,所述转动驱动装置通过竖直方向设置的转动传动轴对上述升降输送转板进行转动驱动,所述连接装置与所述升降输送转板通过所述转动传动轴连接。The above-mentioned rotation drive device is arranged on the above-mentioned connection device, and the rotation drive device rotates and drives the above-mentioned lifting and conveying rotating plate through the rotating transmission shaft arranged in the vertical direction. Drive shaft connection.
上述转动驱动装置包括两个第二流体压缸,两所述第二流体压缸的活塞杆方向相反,两所述第二流体压缸的活塞杆延伸有齿条,上述转动传动轴上形成有与两所述齿条相匹配的同轴齿轮,两所述齿条分别与所述同轴齿轮的相对周面相啮合,且两所述齿条分别配设有向所述同轴齿轮压紧的压紧从动轮。The above-mentioned rotary driving device includes two second fluid pressure cylinders, the piston rods of the two second fluid pressure cylinders are in opposite directions, the piston rods of the two second fluid pressure cylinders are extended with racks, and the rotation transmission shaft is formed with A coaxial gear matched with the two racks, the two racks are respectively meshed with the opposite peripheral surfaces of the coaxial gears, and the two racks are respectively equipped with pins that press against the coaxial gears Compress the driven wheel.
上述同轴齿轮与两上述压紧从动轮的轴线处于同一竖直平面内,且此竖直平面与两上述齿条相垂直。The axes of the above-mentioned coaxial gear and the two above-mentioned pressing driven wheels are in the same vertical plane, and this vertical plane is perpendicular to the two above-mentioned racks.
上述砖运转装置还包括将上述升降输送转板上的砖层推送至上述码砖装置的第二推送装置;所述第二推送装置包括沿砖输送方向设于上述砖运转架体上并处于所述升降输送转板上方的第二导向梁,和设于第二导向梁上沿第二导向梁行走推砖的第二砖推手;所述第二砖推手配设有第二行走驱动装置和第二升降驱动装置。The above-mentioned brick running device also includes a second pushing device for pushing the brick layer on the lifting and conveying rotating plate to the above-mentioned brick stacking device; The second guide beam above the lifting and conveying rotating plate, and the second brick pusher arranged on the second guide beam and pushing bricks along the second guide beam; the second brick pusher is equipped with a second walking drive device and a second lifting drive unit.
上述减砖装置包括垂直于进砖方向对砖堆进行推挡以减少至少一排或一列砖进入量的推挡板,和驱动推挡板的推挡驱动装置。The above-mentioned brick reducing device includes a pushing and blocking plate for pushing and blocking the brick pile perpendicular to the brick feeding direction to reduce the amount of bricks entering at least one row or column, and a pushing and blocking driving device for driving the pushing and blocking plate.
上述砖排列装置还包括砖排列架体,设于砖排列架体上承载和输送砖层的砖排列输送台,以及将砖排列输送台上的砖层推送至上述砖运转装置的第一推送装置。The above-mentioned brick arrangement device also includes a brick arrangement frame body, a brick arrangement conveyor platform mounted on the brick arrangement frame body to carry and transport the brick layer, and a first pushing device for pushing the brick layer on the brick arrangement conveyor platform to the above-mentioned brick running device .
上述砖排列装置的进砖口处于上述砖排列输送台的一侧,上述推挡板立设于上述砖排列输送台上与进砖口相对应的另一侧;上述第一推送装置包括沿砖输送方向设于上述砖排列架体上并处于所述砖排列输送台上方的第一导向梁,和设于第一导向梁上沿第一导向梁行走推砖的第一砖推手;所述第一砖推手配设有第一行走驱动装置和第一升降驱动装置。The brick inlet of the above-mentioned brick arrangement device is located on one side of the above-mentioned brick arrangement conveying platform, and the above-mentioned push baffle plate is erected on the other side of the above-mentioned brick arrangement conveying platform corresponding to the brick inlet; the above-mentioned first pushing device includes The conveying direction is set on the first guide beam above the brick arrangement frame and above the brick arrangement conveying platform, and the first brick pusher is arranged on the first guide beam and pushes bricks along the first guide beam; the first brick The pusher is equipped with a first traveling drive device and a first lifting drive device.
上述码砖装置包括水平承载由上述砖运转装置输送的砖层的载砖开合板,驱动载砖开合板开合的开合驱动装置,夹紧砖层并将已减少排或列的砖层拉开的上述机械夹手,以及驱动机械夹手夹紧砖层的夹紧驱动装置,和驱动机械夹手拉开砖层的拉开驱动装置。The above-mentioned brick stacking device includes a brick-carrying opening and closing plate that horizontally carries the brick layer conveyed by the above-mentioned brick running device, and an opening and closing drive device that drives the opening and closing of the brick-loading opening and closing plate, clamps the brick layer and pulls the brick layer that has been reduced in rows or columns. The above-mentioned mechanical gripper that is opened, and the clamping drive device that drives the mechanical gripper to clamp the brick layer, and the pulling drive device that drives the mechanical gripper to pull the brick layer apart.
上述机械夹手包括两个夹紧于未减少排或列的砖层两侧,或已减少排或列的砖层的列或排外侧的夹手单体,所述夹手单体包括沿所夹边缘延伸方向向外平行移动的移动夹体。The above-mentioned mechanical gripper includes two gripper monomers that are clamped on both sides of the brick layers that have not been reduced in rows or rows, or on the outside of the rows or rows of brick layers that have been reduced in row or row. A movable clamping body that moves outward in parallel in the extending direction of the clamping edge.
上述夹手单体包括沿所夹边缘延伸方向设置的第一滑杆,和固定设于第一滑杆上的第一固定夹体,上述移动夹体包括滑动设于所述第一滑杆上的第一移动夹体和第二移动夹体;所述第一固定夹体处于所述第一移动夹体和第二移动夹体之间。The above-mentioned clamping body includes a first slide bar arranged along the extending direction of the edge to be clamped, and a first fixed clamp body fixed on the first slide bar, and the above-mentioned moving clamp body includes a The first movable clip body and the second movable clip body; the first fixed clip body is located between the first movable clip body and the second movable clip body.
上述第一固定夹体与上述第一移动夹体之间设有至少一个滑动设于上述第一滑杆上的第一活动夹体块,所述第一固定夹体与上述第二移动夹体之间设有至少一个滑动设于所述第一滑杆上的第二活动夹体块;所述第一移动夹体与相邻的第一活动夹体块之间,或所述第一移动夹体与相邻的第一活动夹体块之间、以及相邻的第一活动夹体块之间通过卡扣结构连接;所述第二移动夹体与相邻的第二活动夹体块之间,或所述第二移动夹体与相邻的第二活动夹体块之间、以及相邻的第二活动夹体块之间通过卡扣结构连接。Between the above-mentioned first fixed clip body and the above-mentioned first movable clip body, there is at least one first movable clip body block slidably arranged on the above-mentioned first slide bar, and the first fixed clip body and the above-mentioned second movable clip body There is at least one second movable clip body block slidably arranged on the first slide bar; between the first movable clip body and the adjacent first movable clip body block, or between the first movable clip body The clip body is connected to the adjacent first movable clip body block and the adjacent first movable clip body block through a buckle structure; the second movable clip body is connected to the adjacent second movable clip body block Between, or between the second movable clip body and the adjacent second movable clip body block, and between the adjacent second movable clip body blocks are connected by a buckle structure.
上述夹手单体包括向上延伸的第一夹手手臂,所述第一夹手手臂与上述第一滑杆或第一固定夹体连接;上述夹紧驱动装置为一端与其一所述夹手单体的所述第一夹手手臂连接,另一端与相应的连接部或另一所述夹手单体的所述第一夹手手臂连接的第三流体压缸。The above-mentioned clamping unit includes a first clamping arm extending upwards, and the first clamping arm is connected to the above-mentioned first slide bar or the first fixed clamping body; The third fluid pressure cylinder connected to the first gripper arm of the body, and the other end is connected to the corresponding connection part or the first gripper arm of another gripper body.
上述拉开驱动装置包括第四流体压缸和第五流体压缸;所述第四流体压缸的一端与上述第一滑杆或第一固定夹体连接,另一端与上述第一移动夹体连接;所述第五流体压缸的一端与所述第一滑杆或第一固定夹体连接,另一端与上述第二移动夹体连接。The pulling apart driving device includes a fourth fluid pressure cylinder and a fifth fluid pressure cylinder; one end of the fourth fluid pressure cylinder is connected to the first slide bar or the first fixed clamp body, and the other end is connected to the first movable clamp body Connection; one end of the fifth fluid pressure cylinder is connected with the first slide bar or the first fixed clamp body, and the other end is connected with the second movable clamp body.
上述夹手单体包括处于砖层上方并与所夹边缘延伸方向平行设置的第二滑杆,和固定设于第二滑杆上的第二固定夹体,上述移动夹体包括滑动设于所述第二滑杆上的第三移动夹体和第四移动夹体;所述第二固定夹体处于所述第三移动夹体和第四移动夹体之间;所述第二固定夹体的下端具有夹紧砖层的固定夹部,所述第三移动夹体和第四移动夹体的下端分别具有夹紧砖层的移动夹部。The clamping unit includes a second slide bar located above the brick layer and parallel to the extending direction of the clamped edge, and a second fixed clamp body fixed on the second slide bar. The third movable clamp body and the fourth movable clamp body on the second slide bar; the second fixed clamp body is between the third movable clamp body and the fourth movable clamp body; the second fixed clamp body The lower end of the third movable clamping body and the lower end of the fourth movable clamping body respectively have movable clamping parts for clamping the brick layer.
同一上述夹手单体的上述固定夹部与上述移动夹部之间分别设有至少一个第三活动夹体块和第四活动夹体块;所述第三活动夹体块与相邻的移动夹部之间,或所述第三活动夹体块与相邻的移动夹部之间、以及相邻的第三活动夹体块之间通过可拆装的插接结构连接;所述第四活动夹体块与相邻的移动夹部之间,或所述第四活动夹体块与相邻的移动夹部之间、以及相邻的第四活动夹体块之间通过可拆装的插接结构连接。At least one third movable clamp body block and a fourth movable clamp body block are respectively arranged between the above-mentioned fixed clamp part and the above-mentioned movable clamp part of the same above-mentioned gripper unit; the third movable clamp body block and the adjacent movable clamp body block Between the clip parts, or between the third movable clip body block and the adjacent moving clip part, and between the adjacent third movable clip body blocks are connected through a detachable plug-in structure; the fourth between the movable clip body block and the adjacent movable clip part, or between the fourth movable clip body block and the adjacent movable clip part, and between the adjacent fourth movable clip body block through detachable Plug-in structure connection.
上述夹手单体包括向上延伸的第二夹手手臂,所述第二夹手手臂包括与上述第二固定夹体连接的第一手臂单体,和两个分别与两上述第二移动夹体连接的第二手臂单体;上述夹紧驱动装置包括连接于两所述夹手单体相对应的两个所述第一手臂单体之间的第六流体压缸,以及连接于两所述夹手单体相对应的两所述第二手臂单体之间的第七流体压缸,和连接于两所述夹手单体相对应的另外两个所述第二手臂单体之间的第八流体压缸。The above-mentioned gripper unit includes a second gripper arm extending upwards, and the second gripper arm includes a first arm unit connected to the second fixed gripper body, and two arms connected to the two second movable gripper bodies respectively. The second arm unit connected; the above-mentioned clamping drive device includes a sixth fluid pressure cylinder connected between the two first arm units corresponding to the two gripper units, and connected to the two The seventh fluid pressure cylinder between the two second arm monomers corresponding to the gripper monomers, and the seventh fluid pressure cylinder connected between the other two second arm monomers corresponding to the two gripper monomers The eighth fluid pressure cylinder.
上述拉开驱动装置包括第九流体压缸和第十流体压缸;所述第九流体压缸的一端与上述第二滑杆或第二固定夹体连接,另一端与上述第三移动夹体连接;所述第十流体压缸的一端与所述第二滑杆或第二固定夹体连接,另一端与上述第四移动夹体连接。The pulling apart driving device includes a ninth fluid pressure cylinder and a tenth fluid pressure cylinder; one end of the ninth fluid pressure cylinder is connected to the second slide bar or the second fixed clamp body, and the other end is connected to the third movable clamp body Connection; one end of the tenth fluid pressure cylinder is connected to the second slide bar or the second fixed clamp body, and the other end is connected to the fourth movable clamp body.
上述载砖开合板包括两片拼合在一起的第一板和第二板;上述开合驱动装置包括水平设置并沿所述第一板和第二板排列方向延伸的开合驱动链,所述开合驱动链的两端分别由开合链轮承载;所述第一板与所述开合驱动链的其中一条单链连接,所述第二板与所述开合驱动链的另一条单链连接。The above-mentioned brick-carrying opening and closing plate includes two pieces of the first plate and the second plate that are put together; the above-mentioned opening and closing driving device includes an opening and closing drive chain that is arranged horizontally and extends along the arrangement direction of the first and second plates. The two ends of the opening and closing drive chain are respectively carried by the opening and closing sprockets; the first plate is connected with one of the single chains of the opening and closing drive chain, and the second plate is connected with the other single chain of the opening and closing drive chain. chain connection.
上述开合驱动装置包括两个相互平行的上述开合驱动链;两所述开合驱动链配设有驱动开合驱动链运转的开合动力装置;两所述开合驱动链同一端的两上述开合链轮通过一水平的开合传动轴同轴传动连接,所述开合传动轴设有同轴的开合传动链轮,所述开合动力装置的转动输出轴设有同轴的开合驱动链轮,所述开合传动链轮与所述开合驱动链轮相对应并通过开合传动链连接。The above-mentioned opening and closing driving device includes two above-mentioned opening and closing drive chains parallel to each other; the two described opening and closing drive chains are equipped with an opening and closing power device that drives the operation of the opening and closing drive chains; the two above-mentioned opening and closing drive chains at the same end The opening and closing sprocket is connected by a horizontal opening and closing transmission shaft coaxial transmission, the opening and closing transmission shaft is provided with a coaxial opening and closing transmission sprocket, and the rotating output shaft of the opening and closing power device is provided with a coaxial opening and closing The opening and closing driving sprocket is corresponding to the opening and closing driving sprocket and connected through the opening and closing transmission chain.
上述码砖装置还包括承载上述载砖开合板、开合驱动装置、机械夹手、夹紧驱动装置和拉开驱动装置的升降架,以及驱动所述升降架升降的升降驱动装置。The brick stacking device also includes a lifting frame that carries the above-mentioned brick-loading opening and closing plate, opening and closing drive device, mechanical gripper, clamping drive device and pulling drive device, and a lifting drive device that drives the lift frame up and down.
上述码砖装置还包括承载上述升降架的码砖架体;上述升降驱动装置包括两个第一升降链条,两个第二升降链条,以及驱动第一升降链条和第二升降链条的驱动器;两所述第一升降链条相互平行设置,两所述第一升降链条的下端平衡连接于所述升降架的一端,上端分别依次绕过设于码砖架体上部的第一升降链轮和第二升降链轮与所述码砖架体连接;两所述第二升降链条与两所述第一升降链条平行设置,两所述第二升降链条的下端平衡连接于所述升降架的另一端,上端分别依次绕过设于码砖架体上部的第三升降链轮和第四升降链轮与所述码砖架体连接;两所述第一升降链条分别包括绕过两所述第二升降链轮并与所述码砖架体连接的第一连接段;两所述第二升降链条分别包括绕过两所述第四升降链轮并与所述码砖架体连接的第二连接段;所述第一连接段与所述第二连接段相互平行;所述驱动器包括第十一流体压缸,和四个设于第十一流体压缸的活塞杆端部分别对两所述第一连接段和两所述第二连接段进行支撑推进的升降驱动链轮。The above-mentioned stacking brick device also includes a stacking brick frame carrying the above-mentioned lifting frame; the above-mentioned lifting drive device includes two first lifting chains, two second lifting chains, and a driver for driving the first lifting chain and the second lifting chain; The first lifting chains are arranged parallel to each other, and the lower ends of the two first lifting chains are balancedly connected to one end of the lifting frame, and the upper ends respectively bypass the first lifting sprocket and the second lifting chain wheel arranged on the upper part of the brick frame. The lifting sprocket is connected to the brick frame body; the two second lifting chains are arranged in parallel with the two first lifting chains, and the lower ends of the two second lifting chains are balancedly connected to the other end of the lifting frame. The upper ends respectively go around the third lifting sprocket and the fourth lifting sprocket on the top of the code brick frame body to connect with the code brick frame body; sprocket and the first connecting section connected with the code brick frame body; the two second lifting chains respectively include a second connecting section that walks around the two fourth lifting sprockets and is connected with the code brick frame body ; The first connection section and the second connection section are parallel to each other; the driver includes an eleventh fluid pressure cylinder, and four piston rod ends arranged on the eleventh fluid pressure cylinder are respectively opposite to the two first fluid pressure cylinders. One connecting section and the two second connecting sections support and propel the lifting drive sprocket.
上述码砖装置还配设有将砖托架置于相应的相邻砖层之间的供架装置。The brick stacking device is also equipped with a rack supply device for placing the brick brackets between corresponding adjacent brick layers.
上述砖排列装置的上游还设有砖输送装置;所述砖排列装置的进砖口与所述砖输送装置尾端衔接,且所述砖输送装置的输送方向与所述砖排列装置的输送方向相垂直。A brick conveying device is also provided upstream of the brick arranging device; the brick inlet of the brick arranging device is connected to the tail end of the brick conveying device, and the conveying direction of the brick conveying device is in line with the conveying direction of the brick arranging device. perpendicular to each other.
上述砖输送装置包括输送带,将砖置于输送带上的取砖装置,衔接于输送带尾端的传动辊输送装置,将砖推至上述砖排列装置的第三推送装置,和设于传动辊输送装置尾端挡住砖托板的挡板装置。The above-mentioned brick conveying device includes a conveyor belt, a brick-taking device for placing bricks on the conveyor belt, a transmission roller conveying device connected to the tail end of the conveyor belt, a third pushing device for pushing bricks to the above-mentioned brick arrangement device, and a brick set on the transmission roller. The tail end of the conveying device blocks the baffle device of the brick pallet.
上述挡板装置为上表面高于砖托板下表面,并低于砖托板上表面的水平板。The above-mentioned baffle device is a horizontal plate whose upper surface is higher than the lower surface of the brick supporting board and lower than the upper surface of the brick supporting board.
上述砖输送装置还包括砖输送架体;上述第三推送装置包括沿砖输送方向设于所述砖输送架体上并处于上述传动辊输送装置和挡板装置上方的第三导向梁,以及设于第三导向梁上沿第三导向梁行走推砖的第三砖推手;所述第三砖推手配设有第三行走驱动装置和第三升降驱动装置。The above-mentioned brick conveying device also includes a brick conveying frame body; the above-mentioned third pushing device includes a third guide beam arranged on the brick conveying frame body along the brick conveying direction and above the above-mentioned driving roller conveying device and the baffle device, and A third brick pusher that walks along the third guide beam to push bricks on the third guide beam; the third brick pusher is equipped with a third walking drive device and a third lifting drive device.
上述砖输送装置还包括收板装置,所述收板装置包括设于上述传动辊输送装置的传动辊之间并与传动辊轴向平行延伸的推板输送链带,承载于推板输送链带两端的推板链轮,设于推板输送链带上进行推板的推板手,和驱动推板输送链带运转的推板驱动装置;所述推板输送链带的上表面低于所述传动辊的上表面,所述推板手高于所述传动辊的上表面。The above-mentioned brick conveying device also includes a board receiving device, and the board receiving device includes a push plate conveying chain belt which is arranged between the driving rollers of the above driving roller conveying device and extends parallel to the axial direction of the driving rollers, and is carried on the pushing plate conveying chain belt The push plate sprockets at both ends are set on the push plate hand for pushing the plate on the push plate conveyor chain belt, and the push plate driving device for driving the push plate conveyor chain belt to run; the upper surface of the push plate conveyor chain belt is lower than the The upper surface of the transmission roller, the pusher is higher than the upper surface of the transmission roller.
上述收板装置包括两个相互平行的上述推板输送链带;两所述推板输送链带同一端的两上述推板链轮通过一水平的推板传动轴同轴传动连接,所述推板传动轴设有同轴的推板传动链轮,所述推板驱动装置的转动输出轴设有同轴的推板驱动链轮,所述推板传动链轮与所述推板驱动链轮相对应并通过推板传动链连接。The above-mentioned plate collecting device comprises two above-mentioned push plate conveying chain belts parallel to each other; the two above-mentioned push plate sprockets at the same end of the two push plate conveying chain belts are connected by a horizontal push plate drive shaft coaxial transmission, and the push plate The transmission shaft is provided with a coaxial push pedal drive sprocket, and the rotation output shaft of the push pedal driving device is provided with a coaxial push pedal drive sprocket, and the push pedal drive sprocket is connected to the push pedal drive sprocket. Corresponding and connected through the push plate drive chain.
上述收板装置配设有衔接于上述推板输送链带尾端的装板装置。The board receiving device is equipped with a board loading device connected to the tail end of the push board conveyor chain.
上述砖输送装置的上游还设有砖垛整形装置;所述砖垛整形装置包括朝所述砖输送装置方向运送带砖托板的砖垛的整形输送带,设于整形输送带下方可向上托起砖垛的滚轴托起装置,由多个立设于整形输送带一侧的滚动轴沿输送方向排列形成的整齐装置,和由整形输送带另一侧向整齐装置抵靠砖垛的竖向抵靠板;所述滚轴托起装置包括多个轴线沿输送方向且成矩阵分布的滚轴,和向上驱动滚轴的托起驱动装置;所述整形输送带具有供所述滚轴穿过的通口。The upstream of the above-mentioned brick conveying device is also provided with a brick stack shaping device; the brick stack shaping device includes a shaping conveyor belt for transporting brick stacks with brick pallets towards the direction of the brick conveying device, which is arranged under the shaping conveyor belt and can be lifted up. The roller holding device for brick stacking is a tidy device formed by arranging a plurality of rolling shafts vertically arranged on one side of the shaping conveyor belt along the conveying direction, and a vertical tidy device against the brick stack by the other side tidying device of the shaping conveyor belt. to the abutment plate; the roller holding device includes a plurality of axes along the conveying direction and distributed in a matrix of rollers, and a lifting driving device that drives the rollers upward; the shaping conveyor belt has a pass through.
多个上述滚轴由托板承载,所述托板通过多个支撑座与各所述滚轴一一枢接在一起;所述托板的下表面形成有由一侧向另一侧逐渐向下倾斜的斜面,至少两个所述斜面均匀分布于所述托板的下表面;上述托起驱动装置包括沿所述斜面逐渐向下倾斜的方向延伸的第十二流体压缸,至少两个设于第十二流体压缸的活塞杆端部并一一垫设于各所述斜面下方的滚轮。A plurality of the above-mentioned rollers are carried by a pallet, and the pallet is pivotally connected with each of the rollers through a plurality of supporting seats; A downwardly inclined slope, at least two of which are evenly distributed on the lower surface of the pallet; the above-mentioned lifting drive device includes a twelfth fluid pressure cylinder extending in a direction in which the slope gradually slopes downward, at least two Rollers arranged at the end of the piston rod of the twelfth fluid pressure cylinder and arranged under each of the slopes one by one.
四个上述斜面均匀分布于上述托板的下表面,四个上述滚轮与四个所述斜面一一配合;所述托板远离上述托起驱动装置的一端配设有阻挡装置;四个所述滚轮的下方由承载板承载,上述第十二流体压缸与所述承载板连接。The four above-mentioned inclined surfaces are evenly distributed on the lower surface of the above-mentioned supporting plate, and the four above-mentioned rollers cooperate with the four described inclined surfaces one by one; the end of the supporting plate far away from the above-mentioned lifting drive device is equipped with a blocking device; The lower part of the roller is carried by the bearing plate, and the above-mentioned twelfth fluid pressure cylinder is connected with the bearing plate.
上述砖垛整形装置的上游还设有供砖装置;上述码砖装置的下游沿流水线方向还依次设有砖打包装置和出砖装置。A brick feeding device is also provided upstream of the above brick stack shaping device; a brick packing device and a brick discharging device are sequentially provided downstream of the above brick stacking device along the direction of the assembly line.
上述砖打包装置配设有承载和输送由上述码砖装置码好的成型砖垛的打包输送链带,所述打包输送链带上设有多个沿宽度方向延伸并沿长度方向排列的支撑条,相邻的支撑条之间具有供打包绳索穿过的间隙。The above-mentioned brick packaging device is equipped with a packaging conveyor chain belt for carrying and transporting the formed brick stack coded by the above-mentioned brick coder device. The packaging conveyor chain belt is provided with a plurality of support bars extending in the width direction and arranged in the length direction , There is a gap between adjacent support bars for the packing rope to pass through.
采用上述技术方案后,本发明的离线自动码砖流水线,突破传统码砖设备的构造形式,在实际工作过程中,砖排列装置将砖堆排列成可码垛的砖层,并可将相应的砖层相对于未减少排或列的上一层或下一层砖层减少至少一排或一列,便于后续程序将砖层拉成具有空隙的与其它砖层尺寸相应的砖层;砖运转装置接到砖排列装置输送的砖层后,将相应的砖层相对于上一层或下一层砖层转动预定角度,如可不对奇数层砖层进行转动,而对偶数层砖层进行转动,预定角度可为90°、180°或针对相应砖型进行转动的角度,便于相邻的砖层进行交叉罗列,成型砖垛更加稳定;码垛装置在可罗列未减少排或列的砖层的同时,可将已减少排或列的砖层拉开,使相邻的排或列之间形成一个、两个或三个以上的空隙,再进行罗列,当成型砖垛被打包后,此空隙便于运载装置插入抓取,如当具有两个空隙时,可供叉车的两个插角插入进行搬运。与现有技术相比,本发明的离线自动码砖流水线,其码砖质量好,效率高,且成型砖垛便于叉车等运载装置进行运输,机械化、自动化程度高,可适应各种砖型和砖成型机,实用性强。After adopting the above technical scheme, the offline automatic brick code assembly line of the present invention breaks through the structural form of traditional brick code equipment. The brick layer is reduced by at least one row or column relative to the previous or next layer of brick layer without reducing the row or column, so that the subsequent program can pull the brick layer into a brick layer with gaps corresponding to the size of other brick layers; brick running device After receiving the brick layer conveyed by the brick arrangement device, the corresponding brick layer is rotated at a predetermined angle relative to the upper or lower layer of brick layer. The predetermined angle can be 90°, 180° or the angle of rotation according to the corresponding brick type, which is convenient for adjacent brick layers to be arranged crosswise, and the formed brick stack is more stable; At the same time, the brick layers that have been reduced in rows or columns can be pulled apart to form one, two, or more than three gaps between adjacent rows or columns, and then arranged. When the formed brick stack is packed, the gap It is convenient for the insertion and grabbing of the carrier, for example, when there are two gaps, the two gussets of the forklift can be inserted for handling. Compared with the prior art, the off-line automatic brick code assembly line of the present invention has good brick code quality and high efficiency, and the formed brick pile is convenient for transportation by forklifts and other carrying devices, and has a high degree of mechanization and automation, and can adapt to various brick types and Brick forming machine with strong practicability.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的俯视简易结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the top view simple structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
图2为本发明的第一局部结构示意图;Fig. 2 is the first partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;
图3为本发明的第二局部结构示意图;Fig. 3 is the second partial structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
图4为本发明的第三局部结构示意图;Fig. 4 is the third partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;
图5为本发明的第四局部结构示意图;5 is a schematic diagram of a fourth partial structure of the present invention;
图6为本发明的第五局部结构示意图;6 is a schematic diagram of a fifth partial structure of the present invention;
图7为本发明的第六局部结构示意图;7 is a schematic diagram of a sixth partial structure of the present invention;
图8为本发明的第七局部结构示意图;Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the seventh partial structure of the present invention;
图9为本发明的第八局部结构示意图;Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the eighth partial structure of the present invention;
图10为本发明的第九局部结构示意图;Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the ninth partial structure of the present invention;
图11为夹手单体第一实施方式的结构示意图;Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the first embodiment of the grip unit;
图12为夹手单体第一实施方式中夹紧驱动装置连接于两第一夹手手臂之间的结构示意图;Fig. 12 is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping driving device connected between the two first clamping arms in the first embodiment of the clamping unit;
图13为夹手单体第二实施方式第三活动夹体块和第四活动夹体块的分解结构示意图;Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the third movable clip body block and the fourth movable clip body block of the second embodiment of the gripper unit;
图14为夹手单体第一实施方式的使用状态结构示意图;Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the use state of the first embodiment of the grip unit;
图15为夹手单体第一实施方式将砖层拉开状态结构示意图;Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the state in which the brick layer is pulled apart in the first embodiment of the gripper unit;
图16为成型砖垛的平面结构示意图;Fig. 16 is the plane structure schematic diagram of forming brick pile;
图17为另一种成型砖垛的平面结构示意图;Fig. 17 is a schematic plan view of another kind of formed brick stack;
图18为双线的离线自动码砖流水线的俯视简易结构示意图。Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of a top view simple structure of a two-line offline automatic brick coding assembly line.
图中:In the picture:
1-砖排列装置 11-减砖装置 111-推挡板 112-推挡驱动装置 12-砖排列架体13-排列输送台 14-第一推送装置 141-第一导向梁 142-第一砖推手1421-第一行走驱动装置 1422-第一升降驱动装置1-Brick arrangement device 11-Brick reduction device 111-Push baffle plate 112-Push and stop driving device 12-Brick arrangement frame body 13-Arrangement conveying platform 14-First push device 141-First guide beam 142-First brick pusher 1421-the first walking drive device 1422-the first lifting drive device
2-砖运转装置 21-转砖装置 211-升降输送转板 212-转动驱动装置2121-转动传动轴 2122-第二流体压缸 2123-齿条 2124-压紧从动轮 213-连接装置 214-传动支杆215-升降移动驱动装置 22-砖运转架体 23-第二推送装置 231-第二导向梁 232-第二砖推手 2321-第二行走驱动装置 2322-第二升降驱动装置2-brick running device 21-brick turning device 211-lifting and conveying turntable 212-rotating driving device 2121-rotating transmission shaft 2122-second fluid pressure cylinder 2123-rack 2124-compression driven wheel 213-connecting device 214-transmission Strut 215-lifting mobile driving device 22-brick running frame body 23-second pushing device 231-second guide beam 232-second brick pusher 2321-second walking driving device 2322-second lifting driving device
3-码砖装置 31-机械夹手 311-夹手单体 3111-第一滑杆 3112-第一固定夹体3113-第一夹手手臂 3114-第二滑杆 3115-第二固定夹体 31151-固定夹部 3116-第二夹手手臂 31161-第一手臂单体 31162-第二手臂单体 30-移动夹体 301-第一移动夹体302-第二移动夹体 303-第一活动夹体块 304-第二活动夹体块 305-第三移动夹体 3051-移动夹部 306-第四移动夹体 3061-移动夹部 307-第三活动夹体块 308-第四活动夹体块300-卡扣结构 32-载砖开合板 321-第一板 322-第二板 33-开合驱动装置 331-开合驱动链 332-开合链轮 333-开合动力装置 3331-开合驱动链轮 334-开合传动轴 3341-开合传动链轮 34-夹紧驱动装置 341-第六流体压缸 342-第七流体压缸 343-第八流体压缸 35-拉开驱动装置 351-第四流体压缸 352-第五流体压缸 353-第九流体压缸 354-第十流体压缸 36-升降架 37-升降驱动装置 371-第一升降链条3711-第一连接段 372-第二升降链条 3721-第二连接段 373-驱动器 3731-第十一流体压缸 3732-升降驱动链轮 374-第一升降链轮 375-第二升降链轮376-第三升降链轮 377-第四升降链轮 38-码砖架体 39-供架装置3-code brick device 31-mechanical gripper 311-hand grip unit 3111-first slide bar 3112-first fixed clip body 3113-first gripper arm 3114-second slide bar 3115-second fixed clip body 31151 -Fixed clip 3116-Second gripper arm 31161-First arm body 31162-Second arm body 30-Moving clip body 301-First moving clip body 302-Second moving clip body 303-First movable clip Body block 304-second movable clamp body block 305-third movable clamp body 3051-movable clamp part 306-fourth movable clamp body 3061-movable clamp part 307-third movable clamp body block 308-fourth movable clamp body block 300-Snap structure 32-Brick loading opening and closing plate 321-First plate 322-Second plate 33-Opening and closing driving device 331-Opening and closing drive chain 332-Opening and closing sprocket 333-Opening and closing power device 3331-Opening and closing drive Sprocket 334-opening and closing transmission shaft 3341-opening and closing transmission sprocket 34-clamping drive device 341-sixth fluid pressure cylinder 342-seventh fluid pressure cylinder 343-eighth fluid pressure cylinder 35-pull apart drive device 351- Fourth fluid pressure cylinder 352-fifth fluid pressure cylinder 353-ninth fluid pressure cylinder 354-tenth fluid pressure cylinder 36-lift frame 37-lift drive device 371-first lift chain 3711-first connecting section 372-the first Second lift chain 3721-second connecting section 373-driver 3731-eleventh fluid pressure cylinder 3732-lift drive sprocket 374-first lift sprocket 375-second lift sprocket 376-third lift sprocket 377-the first Four lifting sprocket 38-yard brick frame body 39-supply device
4-砖输送装置 41-输送带 42-取砖装置 43-传动辊输送装置 44-第三推送装置441-第三导向梁 442-第三砖推手 4421-第三行走驱动装置 4422-第三升降驱动装置 45-挡板装置 46-输送架体 47-收板装置 471-推板输送链带472-推板链轮 473-推板手 474-推板驱动装置 4741-推板驱动链轮 475-推板传动轴 4751-推板传动链轮 476-装板装置4-Brick conveying device 41-Conveyor belt 42-Brick taking device 43-Drive roller conveying device 44-Third pushing device 441-Third guide beam 442-Third brick pusher 4421-Third walking drive device 4422-Third lifting Driving device 45-baffle device 46-transport frame body 47-receiving device 471-push plate conveyor chain belt 472-push plate sprocket 473-push plate hand 474-push plate drive device 4741-push plate drive sprocket 475- Push plate drive shaft 4751-Push plate drive sprocket 476-Plate loading device
5-砖垛整形装置 51-整形输送带 52-滚轴托起装置 521-滚轴 522-托起驱动装置 5221-第十二流体压缸 5222-滚轮 523-托板 5231-斜面 524-承载板53-整齐装置 54-竖向抵靠板 6-供砖装置5-Brick stack shaping device 51-Shaping conveyor belt 52-Roller lifting device 521-Roller 522-Holding drive device 5221-Twelfth fluid pressure cylinder 5222-Roller 523-Pallet 5231-Incline 524-Loading plate 53-Tidying device 54-Vertical abutment plate 6-Brick supply device
7-砖打包装置 71-打包输送链带 711-支撑条 8-出砖装置7-Brick packaging device 71-Packing conveyor chain belt 711-Support bar 8-Brick output device
9-砖堆 91-砖层 92-成型砖垛 93-砖垛 94-砖托板 95-砖托架。9-brick stack 91-brick layer 92-formed brick stack 93-brick stack 94-brick pallet 95-brick bracket.
具体实施方式detailed description
为了进一步解释本发明的技术方案,下面通过具体实施例进行详细阐述。In order to further explain the technical solutions of the present invention, specific examples are given below to illustrate in detail.
本发明的离线自动码砖流水线,如图1-18所示,包括砖排列装置1、砖运转装置2和码砖装置3。The offline automatic brick code assembly line of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1-18, includes a brick arrangement device 1, a brick running device 2 and a brick code device 3.
砖排列装置1、砖运转装置2和码砖装置3沿流水线依次设置;砖排列装置1将砖堆9排列成可码垛的砖层91;砖运转装置2将砖排列装置1输送的砖层91向前继续输送;码砖装置3将各砖层91逐层码成成型砖垛92;砖排列装置1包括将砖层91相对于上一层或下一层砖层91减少至少一排或一列的减砖装置11;砖运转装置2包括将砖层91相对于上一层或下一层砖层91转动预定角度的转砖装置21;码砖装置3包括将已减少排或列的砖层91拉开,使相邻的排或列之间形成一个、两个或三个以上空隙的机械夹手31。本发明在实际工作过程中,砖排列装置1将砖堆9排列成可码垛的未减少排或列的砖层91,并可将相应的砖层91相对于未减少排或列的上一层或下一层砖层91减少至少一排或一列,便于后续程序将砖层91拉成具有空隙的与其它砖层91尺寸相应的砖层91;砖运转装置2接到砖排列装置1输送的砖层91后,将相应的砖层91相对于上一层或下一层砖层转动预定角度,如可不对奇数层砖层91进行转动,而对偶数层砖层91进行转动,,预定角度可为90°、180°或针对相应砖型进行转动的角度便于相邻的砖层91进行交叉罗列,成型砖垛92更加稳定;码垛装置3在可罗列未减少排或列的砖层91的同时,可将已减少排或列的砖层91拉开,使相邻的排或列之间形成一个、两个或三个以上的空隙,再进行罗列,当成型砖垛92被打包后,此空隙便于运载装置插入抓取,如当具有两个空隙时,可供叉车的两个插角插入进行搬运。Brick arranging device 1, brick running device 2 and brick stacking device 3 are arranged sequentially along the assembly line; brick arranging device 1 arranges brick piles 9 into a stackable brick layer 91; brick running device 2 transports the brick layer delivered by brick arranging device 1 91 continues to be conveyed forward; The stacking brick device 3 codes each brick layer 91 layer by layer into a forming brick stack 92; The brick reducing device 11 of a row; The brick running device 2 includes the brick turning device 21 that turns the brick layer 91 at a predetermined angle relative to the upper or lower brick layer 91; Layers 91 are pulled apart to form mechanical grippers 31 with one, two or more gaps between adjacent rows or columns. In the actual working process of the present invention, the brick arrangement device 1 arranges the brick pile 9 into a brick layer 91 of an unreduced row or column that can be stacked, and can arrange the corresponding brick layer 91 relative to the previous brick layer 91 of the unreduced row or column. One layer or the next layer of brick layer 91 is reduced by at least one row or column, so that the brick layer 91 is pulled into a brick layer 91 with gaps corresponding to the size of other brick layers 91; the brick running device 2 is connected to the brick arrangement device 1 for transportation After the brick layer 91, the corresponding brick layer 91 is rotated at a predetermined angle with respect to the upper or lower layer of brick layer, such as not rotating the odd-numbered layer of brick layer 91, but rotating the even-numbered layer of brick layer 91, predetermined The angle can be 90°, 180° or rotated according to the corresponding brick type, so that the adjacent brick layers 91 can be cross-arranged, and the formed brick stack 92 is more stable; 91 at the same time, the brick layers 91 that have been reduced in rows or columns can be pulled apart, so that one, two or more than three gaps are formed between adjacent rows or columns, and then arranged, when the formed brick pile 92 is packed Finally, this gap is convenient for the insertion and grabbing of the carrier. For example, when there are two gaps, the two gussets of the forklift can be inserted for handling.
优选地,减砖装置11包括垂直于进砖方向对砖堆9进行推挡以减少至少一排或一列砖进入量的推挡板111,和驱动推挡板111的推挡驱动装置112。具体结构可为,推挡驱动装置112为横向支撑设于推挡板111背面的油缸,推挡板111可对砖堆9进行正常阻挡(不向前推进),形成未减少排或列的砖层91,并可根据控制装置(图中未示出)的控制,在相应砖堆9进入砖排列装置1时,驱动推挡板111对砖堆9进行推挡,使此砖堆9相对于正常的砖堆9减少至少一排或一列砖进入量,形成相对于未减少排或列的砖层91减少至少一排或一列的砖层91。Preferably, the brick reducing device 11 includes a pushing and blocking plate 111 that pushes and blocks the brick pile 9 perpendicular to the brick feeding direction to reduce the amount of bricks entering at least one row or column, and a pushing and blocking driving device 112 that drives the pushing and blocking plate 111 . The specific structure can be that the pushing and blocking driving device 112 is an oil cylinder horizontally supported on the back of the pushing and blocking plate 111, and the pushing and blocking plate 111 can normally block the brick pile 9 (not push forward), forming bricks that do not reduce rows or rows layer 91, and according to the control of the control device (not shown in the figure), when the corresponding brick pile 9 enters the brick arrangement device 1, the push plate 111 is driven to push and block the brick pile 9, so that the brick pile 9 is relatively A normal brick pile 9 is reduced by at least one row or column of bricks to form a brick layer 91 reduced by at least one row or column relative to the non-reduced row or column of brick layers 91 .
优选地,砖排列装置1还包括砖排列架体12,设于砖排列架体12上承载和输送砖层91的砖排列输送台13,以及将砖排列输送台13上的砖层91推送至砖运转装置2的第一推送装置14。砖堆9进入砖排列装置1后承载于排列输送台13上,推挡板111对砖堆9进行阻挡或推挡,然后第一推送装置14以推压整个经过砖堆9侧面的方式向砖运转装置2方向推进砖堆9,可根据砖堆大小和砖堆9的进砖宽度反复进行若干次阻挡或推挡以及推进,直至形成规定尺寸的砖层91,推挡板111和第一推送装置14以此方式相配合对砖堆9进行排列。Preferably, the brick arrangement device 1 also includes a brick arrangement frame body 12, a brick arrangement conveying platform 13 which carries and transports the brick layer 91 on the brick arrangement frame body 12, and pushes the brick layer 91 on the brick arrangement conveying platform 13 to The first pushing device 14 of the brick running device 2. After the brick pile 9 enters the brick arrangement device 1, it is carried on the arrangement conveying platform 13, and the push plate 111 blocks or pushes the brick pile 9, and then the first pushing device 14 pushes the entire brick pile 9 to the side of the brick pile 9. The running device 2 pushes the pile of bricks 9 in the direction. According to the size of the pile of bricks and the width of the incoming bricks of the pile of bricks 9, it can repeatedly block or push and advance several times until a brick layer 91 of a specified size is formed. The device 14 cooperates in this way to arrange the pile of bricks 9 .
优选地,砖排列装置1的进砖口处于砖排列输送台13的一侧,推挡板111立设于砖排列输送台13上与进砖口相对应的另一侧;第一推送装置14包括沿砖输送方向设于砖排列架体12上并处于砖排列输送台13上方的第一导向梁141,和设于第一导向梁141上沿第一导向梁141行走推砖的第一砖推手142;第一砖推手142配设有第一行走驱动装置1421和第一升降驱动装置1422。第一行走驱动装置1421驱动第一砖推手142进行推砖,第一升降驱动装置1422驱动第一砖推手142上升或下降,下降后用于推砖,当向前推送砖层91后,后退时上升,可躲避后方进入砖排列装置1的砖堆9。Preferably, the brick inlet of the brick arrangement device 1 is on one side of the brick arrangement conveying platform 13, and the push baffle plate 111 is erected on the brick arrangement conveying platform 13 on the other side corresponding to the brick inlet; the first pushing device 14 It includes a first guide beam 141 arranged on the brick arrangement frame body 12 along the brick conveying direction and above the brick arrangement conveying platform 13, and a first brick set on the first guide beam 141 to walk along the first guide beam 141 and push bricks. The pusher 142 ; the first brick pusher 142 is equipped with a first traveling driving device 1421 and a first lifting driving device 1422 . The first walking driving device 1421 drives the first brick pusher 142 to push bricks, and the first lifting driving device 1422 drives the first brick pusher 142 to rise or fall, and is used to push bricks after falling. Rising, can avoid the brick heap 9 that the rear enters brick arrangement device 1.
优选地,转砖装置21包括水平承载由砖排列装置1输送的砖层91的升降输送转板211,驱动升降输送转板211转动的转动驱动装置212,承载于升降输送转板211下方的连接装置213,至少三根支撑于连接装置213下方的传动支杆214,和驱动传动支杆214向码砖装置3传动升降输送转板211的升降移动驱动装置215;各传动支杆214等长、相互平行且不在同一平面内,即各传动支杆214不会排列成一列或一排,构成空间平行框架支架结构,对连接装置213形成支撑面,支撑稳定;各传动支杆214的上端与连接装置213枢接在一起,下端与相应的连接部枢接在一起。在工作过程中,升降移动驱动装置215驱动各传动支杆214依靠下端作为支点,向码砖装置3摆动,利用平行杆摆动原理,升降输送转板211将平行向前、向上(或向下)移动,并同时在转动驱动装置212的驱动下升降输送转板211会同时发生转动,即同时实现上下、前后和旋转的动作。根据砖层91罗列规则,相邻层的砖层91的排列方向相垂直才能保证罗列的稳定性,转动驱动装置212驱动升降输送转板211只对偶数层或奇数层的砖层91进行转动预定角度。Preferably, the brick turning device 21 includes a lifting conveying turntable 211 that horizontally carries the brick layer 91 conveyed by the brick arrangement device 1, a rotating drive device 212 that drives the lifting and conveying turning plate 211 to rotate, and is carried on the connection below the lifting and conveying turning plate 211. Device 213, at least three transmission struts 214 supported on the connecting device 213 below, and drive transmission struts 214 to the lifting and moving driving device 215 of the brick device 3 transmission lift conveying turntable 211; each transmission strut 214 isometric, mutual Parallel and not in the same plane, that is, the transmission struts 214 will not be arranged in a row or a row to form a space parallel frame support structure, forming a support surface for the connecting device 213, and the support is stable; the upper end of each transmission strut 214 and the connecting device 213 are pivotally connected together, and the lower ends are pivotally connected with corresponding connecting parts. During the working process, the lifting and moving driving device 215 drives each transmission strut 214 to swing toward the code brick device 3 by relying on the lower end as a fulcrum. Using the principle of parallel rod swing, the lifting and conveying rotating plate 211 will move forward and upward (or downward) in parallel. Move, and at the same time, under the driving of the rotating drive device 212, the lifting and conveying rotating plate 211 will rotate at the same time, that is, the actions of up and down, front and back and rotation are realized at the same time. According to the arrangement rules of the brick layers 91, the arrangement direction of the adjacent layers of the brick layers 91 is perpendicular to ensure the stability of the arrangement, and the rotation driving device 212 drives the lifting and conveying rotating plate 211 to only rotate the brick layers 91 of the even or odd layers. angle.
为了进一步优化传动支杆214的传动效果,优选地,砖运转装置2还包括砖运转架体22;连接装置213为水平板,四个等高的传动支杆214沿与砖的输送方向相平行和相垂直的方向成矩阵分布,即四个传动支杆214的横截面分布于矩形的四个点上;四个传动支杆214的上端分别通过与砖的输送方向相垂直的上水平转轴枢接于水平板形式的连接装置213的下方,四个传动支杆214的下端分别通过与上水平转轴相平行的下水平转轴枢接于砖运转架体22的上述连接部上;升降移动驱动装置215包括至少一个朝码砖装置3方向驱动的第一流体压缸,所述第一流体压缸的一端枢接于砖运转架体22上,另一端与至少一个传动支杆214枢接在一起。具体结构可为,两个所述第一流体压缸分别支撑于较远离码砖装置3的两个传动支杆214的中部位置。In order to further optimize the transmission effect of the transmission rod 214, preferably, the brick running device 2 also includes a brick running frame body 22; the connecting device 213 is a horizontal plate, and the four transmission rods 214 of equal height are parallel to the conveying direction of the bricks. It is distributed in a matrix with the direction perpendicular to each other, that is, the cross-sections of the four transmission struts 214 are distributed on four rectangular points; Connected to the bottom of the connecting device 213 in the form of a horizontal plate, the lower ends of the four transmission struts 214 are pivotally connected to the above-mentioned connecting part of the brick running frame body 22 through the lower horizontal rotating shaft parallel to the upper horizontal rotating shaft; 215 includes at least one first fluid pressure cylinder driven in the direction of the brick stacking device 3, one end of the first fluid pressure cylinder is pivotally connected to the brick running frame 22, and the other end is pivotally connected to at least one transmission rod 214 . The specific structure can be that the two first fluid pressure cylinders are respectively supported at the middle positions of the two transmission struts 214 farther away from the brick stacking device 3 .
优选地,转动驱动装置212设于连接装置213上,转动驱动装置212通过竖直方向设置的转动传动轴2121对升降输送转板211进行转动驱动,连接装置213与升降输送转板211通过转动传动轴2121连接。Preferably, the rotating drive device 212 is arranged on the connecting device 213, and the rotating driving device 212 rotates and drives the lifting and conveying rotating plate 211 through the rotating transmission shaft 2121 provided in the vertical direction, and the connecting device 213 and the lifting and conveying rotating plate 211 are rotated and driven Shaft 2121 is connected.
优选地,转动驱动装置212包括两个第二流体压缸2122,两第二流体压缸2122的活塞杆方向相反,两第二流体压缸2122的活塞杆延伸有齿条2123,转动传动轴2121上形成有与两齿条2123相匹配的同轴齿轮,两齿条2123分别与所述同轴齿轮的相对周面相啮合,且两齿条2123分别配设有向所述同轴齿轮压紧的压紧从动轮2124。两压紧从动轮2124可保证量齿条2123与所述同轴齿轮始终啮合在一起。两第二流体压缸2122同时对转动传动轴2121进行驱动,使转动传动轴2121转动,进而带动升降输送转板211转动。Preferably, the rotation driving device 212 includes two second fluid pressure cylinders 2122, the piston rods of the two second fluid pressure cylinders 2122 are in opposite directions, the piston rods of the two second fluid pressure cylinders 2122 are extended with racks 2123, and the rotation transmission shaft 2121 A coaxial gear matching the two racks 2123 is formed on the top, and the two racks 2123 are respectively meshed with the opposite peripheral surfaces of the coaxial gears, and the two racks 2123 are respectively equipped with pins that press against the coaxial gears. Compress the driven wheel 2124. The two pressing driven wheels 2124 can ensure that the measuring rack 2123 is always meshed with the coaxial gear. The two second fluid pressure cylinders 2122 drive the rotating transmission shaft 2121 at the same time, so that the rotating transmission shaft 2121 rotates, and then drive the lifting and conveying rotating plate 211 to rotate.
为了保证转动驱动装置212的驱动效果,优选地,上述同轴齿轮与两压紧从动轮2124的轴线处于同一竖直平面内,且此竖直平面与两齿条2123相垂直。并可进一步使同轴齿轮与两压紧从动轮2124处于等高位置。In order to ensure the driving effect of the rotation driving device 212 , preferably, the axes of the above-mentioned coaxial gear and the two pressing driven wheels 2124 are in the same vertical plane, and this vertical plane is perpendicular to the two racks 2123 . And can further make the coaxial gear and the two compression driven wheels 2124 be in the same height position.
优选地,砖运转装置2还包括将升降输送转板211上的砖层91推送至码砖装置3的第二推送装置23;第二推送装置23包括沿砖输送方向设于砖运转架体22上并处于升降输送转板211上方的第二导向梁231,和设于第二导向梁231上沿第二导向梁231行走推砖的第二砖推手232;第二砖推手232配设有第二行走驱动装置2321和第二升降驱动装置2322。当升降输送转板211将砖层91输送到一定位置后,升降输送转板211会与一通向码砖装置3的砖导板相接合,第二砖推手232下降后利用第二砖推手232将升降输送转板211上的砖层91经过所述砖导板推给码砖装置3。Preferably, the brick running device 2 also includes a second pushing device 23 that pushes the brick layer 91 on the lifting and conveying rotating plate 211 to the brick stacking device 3; and the second guide beam 231 above the lifting conveying turntable 211, and the second brick pusher 232 that is located on the second guide beam 231 and pushes bricks along the second guide beam 231; the second brick pusher 232 is equipped with a second Two traveling drive devices 2321 and a second lifting drive device 2322. After the brick layer 91 is transported to a certain position by the lifting and conveying rotating plate 211, the lifting and conveying rotating plate 211 will be engaged with a brick guide plate leading to the brick code device 3, and the second brick pusher 232 will be used to lift the brick after the second brick pusher 232 descends. The brick layer 91 on the conveying rotating plate 211 is pushed to the brick coding device 3 through the brick guide plate.
优选地,码砖装置3包括水平承载由砖运转装置2输送的砖层91的载砖开合板32,驱动载砖开合板32开合的开合驱动装置33,夹紧砖层91并将已减少排或列的砖层91拉开的机械夹手31,以及驱动机械夹手31夹紧砖层91的夹紧驱动装置34,和驱动机械夹手31拉开砖层91的拉开驱动装置35。在工作过程中,载砖开合板32承载砖层91,机械夹手31将砖层91夹住,并根据控制装置控制,当砖层91为未减少排或列的砖层91时,不需进行拉开操作,只需使载砖开合板32打开,机械夹手31松开,将砖层91漏下;当砖层91为已减少排或列的砖层91适当拉开,使其尺寸与未减少排或列的砖层91相同,使排或列之间形成一个、两个或三个以上的空隙。Preferably, the brick stacking device 3 includes a brick-loading opening and closing plate 32 that horizontally carries the brick layer 91 conveyed by the brick running device 2, and an opening and closing drive device 33 that drives the opening and closing of the brick-loading opening and closing plate 32, clamps the brick layer 91, and Reduce the mechanical gripper 31 that the brick layer 91 of row or column pulls apart, and drive the clamping driving device 34 that drives the mechanical gripper 31 to clamp the brick layer 91, and drive the mechanical gripper 31 to pull the pulling apart driving device of the brick layer 91 35. During the working process, the brick-carrying opening and closing plate 32 carries the brick layer 91, and the mechanical gripper 31 clamps the brick layer 91, and is controlled according to the control device. To perform the pulling operation, it is only necessary to open the brick-carrying opening and closing plate 32, release the mechanical gripper 31, and leak the brick layer 91; Same as the brick layer 91 without reducing rows or columns, one, two or more than three gaps are formed between rows or columns.
优选地,机械夹手31包括两个夹紧于未减少排或列的砖层91两侧,或已减少排或列的砖层91的列或排外侧的夹手单体311,夹手单体311包括沿所夹边缘延伸方向向外平行移动的移动夹体30。即当砖层91为未减少排或列的砖层91时,夹手单体311夹紧于砖层91的两侧,优选夹在与砖进入方向相平行的侧面上;当砖层91为已减少排或列的砖层91时,夹手单体311夹紧于砖层91的列或排外侧,这样,当移动夹体30沿所夹的边缘延伸方向向外平行移动时,可将相应的排或列向外拉动,使相邻的排或列之间产生空隙。Preferably, the mechanical gripper 31 includes two gripper units 311 that are clamped on both sides of the brick layer 91 that has not been reduced in row or row, or on the outside of the row or row of the brick layer 91 that has been reduced in row or row. The body 311 includes a movable clip body 30 that moves outward in parallel along the extending direction of the clipped edge. That is, when the brick layer 91 is the brick layer 91 without reducing rows or columns, the clamping unit 311 is clamped on both sides of the brick layer 91, preferably on the side parallel to the brick entry direction; when the brick layer 91 is When the brick layer 91 of the row or row has been reduced, the clamping body 311 is clamped on the row or the outside of the row of the brick layer 91, and like this, when the movable clip body 30 moves outwards in parallel along the clamped edge extension direction, the Corresponding rows or columns are pulled outwards, creating gaps between adjacent rows or columns.
夹手单体311优选的第一实施方式为,夹手单体311包括沿所夹边缘延伸方向设置的第一滑杆3111,和固定设于第一滑杆3111上的第一固定夹体3112,移动夹体30包括滑动设于第一滑杆3111上的第一移动夹体301和第二移动夹体302;第一固定夹体3112处于第一移动夹体301和第二移动夹体302之间。这样,两夹手单体311的第一固定夹体3112夹住中间处的砖,两夹手单体311的第一移动夹体301和第二移动夹体302分别夹住两侧的砖,当第一移动夹体301和第二移动夹体302分别向外拉时,两侧的砖会与中间的砖形成两个空隙,此两个空隙可供叉车的两个插角插入进行搬运。The preferred first embodiment of the grip unit 311 is that the grip unit 311 includes a first slide bar 3111 arranged along the extending direction of the clamped edge, and a first fixed clip body 3112 fixed on the first slide bar 3111 , the moving clamp body 30 includes a first movable clamp body 301 and a second movable clamp body 302 which are slidably arranged on the first slide bar 3111; between. In this way, the first fixed clamp body 3112 of the two gripper monomers 311 clamps the brick in the middle, and the first movable clamp body 301 and the second movable clamp body 302 of the two gripper monomers 311 respectively clamp the bricks on both sides, When the first movable clamp body 301 and the second movable clamp body 302 are pulled outward respectively, two gaps will be formed between the bricks on both sides and the brick in the middle, and the two gaps can be inserted by two inserting corners of a forklift for transportation.
优选地,第一固定夹体3112与第一移动夹体301之间设有至少一个滑动设于第一滑杆3111上的第一活动夹体块303,第一固定夹体3112与第二移动夹体302之间设有至少一个滑动设于第一滑杆3111上的第二活动夹体块304;当只有一个第一活动夹体块303时,第一移动夹体301与相邻的第一活动夹体块303之间通过卡扣结构300连接,当有两个以上的第一活动夹体块303时,第一移动夹体301与相邻的第一活动夹体块303之间、以及相邻的第一活动夹体块303之间通过卡扣结构300连接;当只有一个第二活动夹体块304时,第二移动夹体302与相邻的第二活动夹体块304之间通过卡扣结构300连接,当有两个以上的第二活动夹体块304时,第二移动夹体302与相邻的第二活动夹体块304之间、以及相邻的第二活动夹体块304之间通过卡扣结构300连接。可根据所要拉开的砖的尺寸和中间砖的宽度等参数,将相应数量的第一活动夹体块303和第二活动夹体块304分别与第一移动夹体301和第二移动夹体302通过卡扣结构300连接,当不需要第一活动夹体块303和第二活动夹体块304时,只需打开卡扣结构300即可。Preferably, between the first fixed clip body 3112 and the first movable clip body 301, at least one first movable clip body block 303 slidably arranged on the first slide bar 3111 is provided, and the first fixed clip body 3112 and the second movable clip body At least one second movable clamp body block 304 that is slidably arranged on the first slide bar 3111 is provided between the clamp bodies 302; when there is only one first movable clamp body block 303, the first movable clamp body 301 and the adjacent second movable clamp body block A movable clip body block 303 is connected by a buckle structure 300. When there are more than two first movable clip body blocks 303, between the first movable clip body 301 and the adjacent first movable clip body block 303, And the adjacent first movable clip body block 303 is connected by a buckle structure 300; when there is only one second movable clip body block 304, the second movable clip body 302 and the adjacent second movable clip body block 304 are connected by a buckle structure 300, when there are more than two second movable clip body blocks 304, between the second movable clip body 302 and the adjacent second movable clip body blocks 304, and between the adjacent second movable clip body blocks 304 The clip body blocks 304 are connected by a buckle structure 300 . According to parameters such as the size of the brick to be pulled apart and the width of the middle brick, a corresponding number of the first movable clamp body block 303 and the second movable clamp body block 304 can be connected with the first movable clamp body 301 and the second movable clamp body respectively. 302 are connected by the buckle structure 300, when the first movable clip body block 303 and the second movable clip body block 304 are not needed, the buckle structure 300 only needs to be opened.
优选地,夹手单体311包括向上延伸的第一夹手手臂3113,第一夹手手臂3113与第一滑杆3111或第一固定夹体3112连接;夹紧驱动装置34为一端与其一夹手单体311的第一夹手手臂3113连接,另一端与相应的连接部或另一夹手单体311的第一夹手手臂3113连接的第三流体压缸。即当第三流体压缸形式的夹紧驱动装置34的另一端与相应的连接部连接时,可只驱动其一夹手单体311的第一夹手手臂3113,当第三流体压缸形式的夹紧驱动装置34的另一端另一夹手单体311的第一夹手手臂3113连接时,可同时驱动两夹手单体311的第一夹手手臂3113。Preferably, the clamp body 311 includes a first clamp arm 3113 extending upward, and the first clamp arm 3113 is connected to the first slide bar 3111 or the first fixed clamp body 3112; The first clamping arm 3113 of the hand unit 311 is connected, and the other end is connected to a corresponding connecting portion or a third fluid pressure cylinder connected to the first clamping arm 3113 of another clamping unit 311 . That is, when the other end of the clamping drive device 34 in the form of the third fluid pressure cylinder is connected with the corresponding connecting portion, it can only drive the first gripper arm 3113 of a gripper unit 311, when the third fluid pressure cylinder forms When the other end of the clamping driving device 34 is connected to the first clamping arms 3113 of the other clamping unit 311, the first clamping arms 3113 of the two clamping units 311 can be driven simultaneously.
优选地,拉开驱动装置35包括第四流体压缸351和第五流体压缸352;第四流体压缸351的一端与第一滑杆3111或第一固定夹体3112连接,另一端与第一移动夹体301连接;第五流体压缸352的一端与第一滑杆3111或第一固定夹体3112连接,另一端与第二移动夹体302连接。第四流体压缸351可驱动第一移动夹体301沿第一滑杆3111内外滑动,第五流体压缸352可驱动第二移动夹体302沿第一滑杆3111内外滑动。Preferably, the pulling apart driving device 35 includes a fourth fluid pressure cylinder 351 and a fifth fluid pressure cylinder 352; one end of the fourth fluid pressure cylinder 351 is connected to the first slide rod 3111 or the first fixed clamp body 3112, and the other end is connected to the first A movable clip body 301 is connected; one end of the fifth fluid pressure cylinder 352 is connected with the first sliding rod 3111 or the first fixed clip body 3112 , and the other end is connected with the second movable clip body 302 . The fourth fluid pressure cylinder 351 can drive the first movable clip body 301 to slide inside and outside along the first slide bar 3111 , and the fifth fluid pressure cylinder 352 can drive the second movable clip body 302 to slide inside and outside along the first slide bar 3111 .
夹手单体311优选的第二实施方式为,夹手单体311包括处于砖层91上方并与所夹边缘延伸方向平行设置的第二滑杆3114,和固定设于第二滑杆3114上的第二固定夹体3115,移动夹体30包括滑动设于第二滑杆3114上的第三移动夹体305和第四移动夹体306;第二固定夹体3115处于第三移动夹体305和第四移动夹体306之间;第二固定夹体3115的下端具有夹紧砖层91的固定夹部31151,第三移动夹体305的下端具有夹紧砖层91的移动夹部3051,第四移动夹体306的下端具有夹紧砖层91的移动夹部3061。这样,两夹手单体311的第二固定夹体3115通过固定夹部31151夹住中间处的砖,两夹手单体311的第三移动夹体305和第四移动夹体306分别通过移动夹部3051夹住两侧的砖,当第三移动夹体305和第四移动夹体306分别向外拉时,两侧的砖会与中间的砖形成两个空隙,此两个空隙可供叉车的两个插角插入进行搬运。The preferred second embodiment of the clamping unit 311 is that the clamping unit 311 includes a second slide bar 3114 located above the brick layer 91 and parallel to the extending direction of the clamped edge, and fixed on the second slide bar 3114 The second fixed clamp body 3115, the movable clamp body 30 includes the third movable clamp body 305 and the fourth movable clamp body 306 which are slidably arranged on the second slide bar 3114; the second fixed clamp body 3115 is located in the third movable clamp body 305 Between the fourth movable clamp body 306; the lower end of the second fixed clamp body 3115 has a fixed clamp portion 31151 for clamping the brick layer 91, and the lower end of the third movable clamp body 305 has a movable clamp portion 3051 for clamping the brick layer 91, The lower end of the fourth movable clamping body 306 has a movable clamping portion 3061 for clamping the brick layer 91 . In this way, the second fixed clip body 3115 of the two gripper monomers 311 clamps the brick in the middle through the fixed clip part 31151, and the third movable gripper body 305 and the fourth movable gripper body 306 of the two gripper monomers 311 are respectively moved The clamping portion 3051 clamps the bricks on both sides, and when the third movable clamping body 305 and the fourth movable clamping body 306 are pulled outward respectively, two gaps will be formed between the bricks on both sides and the brick in the middle, and these two gaps can be used for The two gussets of the forklift are inserted for handling.
优选地,同一夹手单体311的固定夹部31151与移动夹部3061之间分别设有至少一个第三活动夹体块307和第四活动夹体块308;当只有一个第三活动夹体块307时,第三活动夹体块307与相邻的移动夹部3061之间通过可拆装的插接结构连接,当有两个以上的第三活动夹体块307时,第三活动夹体块307与相邻的移动夹部3061之间、以及相邻的第三活动夹体块307之间通过可拆装的插接结构连接;当只有一个第四活动夹体块308时,第四活动夹体块308与相邻的移动夹部3061之间通过可拆装的插接结构连接,当有两个以上的第四活动夹体块308时,第四活动夹体块308与相邻的移动夹部3061之间、以及相邻的第四活动夹体块308之间通过可拆装的插接结构连接。可根据所要拉开的砖的尺寸和中间砖的宽度等参数,将相应数量的第三活动夹体块307和第四活动夹体块308分别与第三移动夹体305和第四移动夹体306通过可拆装的插接结构连接,当不需要第三活动夹体块307和第四活动夹体块308时,只需将第三活动夹体块307和第四活动夹体块308拆下即可。具体结构可为,第三活动夹体块307和第四活动夹体块308分别包括与移动夹部3061外部尺寸相应的粗径段和细径段,移动夹部3061具有供细径段插入的插口,细径段与插口的插接配合即为可拆装的插接结构。当有两个以上的第三活动夹体块307和第四活动夹体块308时,第三活动夹体块307和第四活动夹体块308的粗径段具有供相邻的第三活动夹体块307和第四活动夹体块308的细径段插入的插口,以此实现移动夹部3061长度的变换。Preferably, at least one third movable clamp body block 307 and a fourth movable clamp body block 308 are respectively provided between the fixed clamp part 31151 and the movable clamp part 3061 of the same clamp body 311; when there is only one third movable clamp body During the block 307, the third movable clip body block 307 is connected with the adjacent movable clip part 3061 through a detachable plug-in structure. When there are more than two third movable clip body blocks 307, the third movable clip The body block 307 is connected to the adjacent movable clip part 3061 and the adjacent third movable clip body block 307 through a detachable plug-in structure; when there is only one fourth movable clip body block 308, the third movable clip body block 308 The four movable clip body blocks 308 are connected with the adjacent movable clip parts 3061 through a detachable plug-in structure. When there are more than two fourth movable clip body blocks 308, the fourth movable clip body blocks 308 and the corresponding Adjacent movable clip parts 3061 and adjacent fourth movable clip body blocks 308 are connected by a detachable plug-in structure. According to parameters such as the size of the brick to be pulled apart and the width of the middle brick, a corresponding number of the third movable clamp body block 307 and the fourth movable clamp body block 308 can be connected with the third movable clamp body 305 and the fourth movable clamp body respectively. 306 is connected by a detachable plug-in structure. When the third movable clip body block 307 and the fourth movable clip body block 308 are not needed, only the third movable clip body block 307 and the fourth movable clip body block 308 need to be disassembled. Just download it. The specific structure can be that the third movable clip body block 307 and the fourth movable clip body block 308 respectively include a thick diameter section and a small diameter section corresponding to the external dimensions of the movable clamp part 3061, and the movable clamp part 3061 has a hole for inserting the thin diameter section. The socket, the plug-in cooperation of the thin-diameter section and the socket is a detachable plug-in structure. When there are more than two third movable clip body blocks 307 and the fourth movable clip body blocks 308, the thick diameter section of the third movable clip body block 307 and the fourth movable clip body block 308 has a third movable clip body for adjacent The thin-diameter sections of the clip body block 307 and the fourth movable clip body block 308 are inserted into the sockets, so as to realize the transformation of the length of the movable clip part 3061 .
优选地,夹手单体311包括向上延伸的第二夹手手臂3116,第二夹手手臂3116包括与第二固定夹体3115连接的第一手臂单体31161,和两个分别与两第二移动夹体302连接的第二手臂单体31162;夹紧驱动装置34包括连接于两夹手单体311相对应的两个第一手臂单体31161之间的第六流体压缸341,以及连接于两夹手单体311相对应的两第二手臂单体31162之间的第七流体压缸342,和连接于两夹手单体311相对应的另外两个第二手臂单体31162之间的第八流体压缸343。这样,第六流体压缸341同时驱动两夹手单体311相对应的两个第一手臂单体31161;第七流体压缸342同时驱动两夹手单体311相对应的两第二手臂单体31162;第八流体压缸343同时驱动两夹手单体311相对应的另外两个第二手臂单体31162。Preferably, the gripper unit 311 includes a second gripper arm 3116 extending upwards, the second gripper arm 3116 includes a first arm unit 31161 connected to the second fixed gripper body 3115, and two arms respectively connected to the two second grippers. The second arm unit 31162 connected to the mobile clip body 302; the clamping drive device 34 includes a sixth fluid pressure cylinder 341 connected between the two first arm unit units 31161 corresponding to the two clamp unit units 311, and the connection The seventh fluid pressure cylinder 342 between the two second arm monomers 31162 corresponding to the two gripper monomers 311 is connected between the other two second arm monomers 31162 corresponding to the two gripper monomers 311 The eighth fluid pressure cylinder 343. In this way, the sixth fluid pressure cylinder 341 simultaneously drives the two first arm units 31161 corresponding to the two grip units 311; the seventh fluid pressure cylinder 342 simultaneously drives the two second arm units corresponding to the two grip units 311. body 31162; the eighth fluid pressure cylinder 343 simultaneously drives the other two second arm monomers 31162 corresponding to the two gripper monomers 311.
优选地,拉开驱动装置35包括第九流体压缸353和第十流体压缸354;第九流体压缸353的一端与第二滑杆3114或第二固定夹体3115连接,另一端与第三移动夹体305连接;第十流体压缸354的一端与第二滑杆3114或第二固定夹体3115连接,另一端与第四移动夹体306连接。第九流体压缸353可驱动第三移动夹体305沿第二滑杆3114内外滑动,第十流体压缸354可驱动第四移动夹体306沿第二滑杆3114内外滑动。Preferably, the pulling drive device 35 includes a ninth fluid pressure cylinder 353 and a tenth fluid pressure cylinder 354; one end of the ninth fluid pressure cylinder 353 is connected to the second slide bar 3114 or the second fixed clamp body 3115, and the other end is connected to the second The three movable clips 305 are connected; one end of the tenth fluid pressure cylinder 354 is connected with the second slide bar 3114 or the second fixed clip 3115 , and the other end is connected with the fourth movable clip 306 . The ninth fluid pressure cylinder 353 can drive the third movable clip body 305 to slide inside and outside along the second slide bar 3114 , and the tenth fluid pressure cylinder 354 can drive the fourth movable clip body 306 to slide inside and outside along the second slide bar 3114 .
优选地,载砖开合板32包括两片拼合在一起的第一板321和第二板322;开合驱动装置33包括水平设置并沿第一板321和第二板322排列方向延伸的开合驱动链331,开合驱动链331的两端分别由开合链轮332承载;第一板321与开合驱动链331的其中一条单链连接,第二板322与开合驱动链331的另一条单链连接。这样,当开合驱动链331运转时,其中一条单链带动第一板321向一侧运动,另一条单链带动第二板322向另一侧运动,使第一板321和第二板322实现分开,供砖层91漏下;当开合驱动链331反向运转时,第一板321和第二板322实现合并。具体地,第一板321和第二板322还配设有滑动导轨。Preferably, the brick-carrying opening and closing plate 32 includes two pieces of the first plate 321 and the second plate 322 that are put together; Drive chain 331, the two ends of opening and closing drive chain 331 are respectively carried by opening and closing sprockets 332; A single chain link. In this way, when the opening and closing drive chains 331 are in operation, one of the single chains drives the first plate 321 to move to one side, and the other single chain drives the second plate 322 to move to the other side, so that the first plate 321 and the second plate 322 The separation is realized, and the brick layer 91 is leaked down; when the opening and closing drive chain 331 runs in reverse, the first plate 321 and the second plate 322 are merged. Specifically, the first board 321 and the second board 322 are also equipped with sliding guide rails.
优选地,开合驱动装置33包括两个相互平行的开合驱动链331;两开合驱动链331配设有驱动开合驱动链331运转的开合动力装置333;两开合驱动链331同一端的两开合链轮332通过一水平的开合传动轴334同轴传动连接,开合传动轴334设有同轴的开合传动链轮3341,开合动力装置333的转动输出轴设有同轴的开合驱动链轮332,开合传动链轮3341与开合驱动链轮332相对应并通过开合传动链连接。开合动力装置333通过开合驱动链轮332带动开合传动链对开合传动链轮3341进行传动,进而开合传动轴334带动两开合链轮332分别驱动两开合驱动链331运转。Preferably, the opening and closing driving device 33 includes two opening and closing driving chains 331 parallel to each other; the two opening and closing driving chains 331 are equipped with an opening and closing power device 333 that drives the opening and closing driving chains 331; the two opening and closing driving chains 331 are identical The two opening and closing sprockets 332 at the end are connected by a horizontal opening and closing transmission shaft 334 coaxial transmission, the opening and closing transmission shaft 334 is provided with a coaxial opening and closing transmission sprocket 3341, and the rotating output shaft of the opening and closing power device 333 is provided with a coaxial The opening and closing drive sprocket 332 of the shaft, the opening and closing transmission sprocket 3341 corresponds to the opening and closing drive sprocket 332 and is connected by an opening and closing transmission chain. The opening and closing power device 333 drives the opening and closing transmission chain to drive the opening and closing transmission sprocket 3341 through the opening and closing drive sprocket 332, and then the opening and closing transmission shaft 334 drives the two opening and closing sprockets 332 to drive the two opening and closing drive chains 331 respectively.
优选地,码砖装置3还包括承载载砖开合板32、开合驱动装置33、机械夹手31、夹紧驱动装置34和拉开驱动装置35的升降架36,以及驱动升降架36升降的升降驱动装置37。在工作过程中,升降驱动装置37驱动升降架36带动载砖开合板32、开合驱动装置33、机械夹手31、夹紧驱动装置34和拉开驱动装置35升降适当高度,如可根据已下方罗列的砖层91的高度来调节下降高度,上升高度为接收砖运转装置2上的砖层91的高度。具体地,升降架36还配设有滑动导轨。Preferably, the code brick device 3 also includes a lifting frame 36 that carries a brick-loading opening and closing plate 32, an opening and closing driving device 33, a mechanical gripper 31, a clamping driving device 34 and a pulling driving device 35, and a lifting frame that drives the lifting frame 36 to lift. Lifting drive device 37. In the course of work, the lifting drive device 37 drives the lifting frame 36 to drive the brick-loading opening and closing plate 32, the opening and closing drive device 33, the mechanical gripper 31, the clamping drive device 34 and the pulling drive device 35 to an appropriate height. The height of the brick layer 91 listed below adjusts the descending height, and the rising height is to receive the height of the brick layer 91 on the brick running device 2 . Specifically, the lifting frame 36 is also equipped with sliding guide rails.
优选地,码砖装置3还包括承载升降架36的码砖架体38;升降驱动装置37包括两个第一升降链条371,两个第二升降链条372,以及驱动第一升降链条371和第二升降链条372的驱动器373;两第一升降链条371相互平行设置,两第一升降链条371的下端平衡连接于升降架36的一端,上端分别依次绕过设于码砖架体38上部的第一升降链轮374和第二升降链轮375与码砖架体38连接;两第二升降链条372与两第一升降链条371平行设置,两第二升降链条372的下端平衡连接于升降架36的另一端,上端分别依次绕过设于码砖架体38上部的第三升降链轮376和第四升降链轮377与码砖架体38连接;两第一升降链条371分别包括绕过两第二升降链轮375并与码砖架体38连接的第一连接段3711;两第二升降链条372分别包括绕过两第四升降链轮377并与码砖架体38连接的第二连接段3721;第一连接段3711与第二连接段3721相互平行;驱动器373包括第十一流体压缸3731,和四个设于第十一流体压缸3731的活塞杆端部分别对两第一连接段3711和两第二连接段3721进行支撑推进的升降驱动链轮3732。这样,驱动器373驱动四个升降驱动链轮3732,对两第一连接段3711和两第二连接段3721进行支撑推进,会拉动第一升降链条371和第二升降链条372带动升降架36上升;驱动器373不驱动时,升降架36下降。Preferably, the code brick device 3 also includes a code brick frame body 38 carrying the lift frame 36; the lift drive device 37 includes two first lift chains 371, two second lift chains 372, and drives the first lift chain 371 and the second lift chain. The driver 373 of two lifting chains 372; Two first lifting chains 371 are arranged parallel to each other, and the lower ends of the two first lifting chains 371 are balancedly connected to one end of the lifting frame 36, and the upper ends go around successively respectively. A lifting sprocket 374 and a second lifting sprocket 375 are connected to the brick frame body 38; two second lifting chains 372 are arranged in parallel with the two first lifting chains 371, and the lower ends of the two second lifting chains 372 are balancedly connected to the lifting frame 36 The other end of the other end, the upper end respectively bypasses the third lifting sprocket wheel 376 and the fourth lifting sprocket wheel 377 that are located at the top of the code brick frame body 38 to be connected with the code brick frame body 38; The second lifting sprocket 375 and the first connection section 3711 that is connected with the code brick frame body 38; Section 3721; the first connection section 3711 and the second connection section 3721 are parallel to each other; the driver 373 includes the eleventh fluid pressure cylinder 3731, and four piston rod ends located at the eleventh fluid pressure cylinder 3731 are respectively opposite to the two first The connecting section 3711 and the two second connecting sections 3721 support the lifting drive sprocket 3732 for propulsion. In this way, the driver 373 drives the four lifting drive sprockets 3732 to support and advance the two first connecting sections 3711 and the two second connecting sections 3721, which will pull the first lifting chain 371 and the second lifting chain 372 to drive the lifting frame 36 up; When the driver 373 is not driven, the lifting frame 36 descends.
根据实际需要,尤其是当码异型砖时,为了进一步便于码砖,优选地,码砖装置3还配设有将砖托架95置于相应的相邻砖层91之间的供架装置39。砖托架95具有供运载装置如叉车等的插角插入的插孔,便于搬运。According to actual needs, especially when stacking special-shaped bricks, in order to further facilitate the stacking of bricks, preferably, the brick stacking device 3 is also equipped with a rack supply device 39 for placing the brick brackets 95 between corresponding adjacent brick layers 91 . The brick bracket 95 has sockets for inserting the corners of the carrier such as a forklift, which is convenient for transportation.
优选地,砖排列装置1的上游还设有砖输送装置4;砖排列装置1的进砖口与砖输送装置4尾端衔接,且砖输送装置4的输送方向与砖排列装置1的输送方向相垂直。Preferably, a brick conveying device 4 is also provided upstream of the brick arranging device 1; the brick inlet of the brick arranging device 1 is connected to the tail end of the brick conveying device 4, and the conveying direction of the brick conveying device 4 is in line with the conveying direction of the brick arranging device 1 perpendicular to each other.
优选地,砖输送装置4包括输送带41,将砖置于输送带41上的取砖装置42,衔接于输送带41尾端的传动辊输送装置43,将砖推至砖排列装置1的第三推送装置44,和设于传动辊输送装置43尾端挡住砖托板94的挡板装置45。挡板装置45将砖托板94挡住,第三推送装置44将砖堆9向砖排列装置1推送。Preferably, the brick conveying device 4 includes a conveying belt 41, a brick removing device 42 for placing bricks on the conveying belt 41, a drive roller conveying device 43 connected to the tail end of the conveying belt 41, and pushing the bricks to the third stage of the brick arrangement device 1. Pushing device 44, and the baffle plate device 45 that is located at the tail end of driving roller conveying device 43 and blocks brick supporting plate 94. The baffle device 45 blocks the brick supporting plate 94, and the third pushing device 44 pushes the brick pile 9 to the brick arrangement device 1.
为了具体实现挡板装置45的功能和构造,优选地,挡板装置45为上表面高于砖托板94下表面,并低于砖托板94上表面的水平板。In order to specifically realize the function and structure of the baffle device 45 , preferably, the baffle device 45 is a horizontal plate whose upper surface is higher than the lower surface of the brick supporting plate 94 and lower than the upper surface of the brick supporting plate 94 .
优选地,砖输送装置4还包括砖输送架体46;第三推送装置44包括沿砖输送方向设于砖输送架体46上并处于传动辊输送装置43和挡板装置45上方的第三导向梁441,以及设于第三导向梁441上沿第三导向梁441行走推砖的第三砖推手442;第三砖推手442配设有第三行走驱动装置4421和第三升降驱动装置4422。第三推送装置44下降后利用第三砖推手442将输送带41上的砖堆9经过砖托板94和挡板装置45推送给砖排列装置1。Preferably, the brick conveying device 4 also includes a brick conveying frame body 46; the third pushing device 44 includes a third guide set on the brick conveying frame body 46 along the brick conveying direction and above the drive roller conveying device 43 and the baffle device 45. The beam 441, and the third brick pusher 442 arranged on the third guide beam 441 to push bricks along the third guide beam 441; Utilize the 3rd brick pusher 442 after the 3rd pushing device 44 descends to push the brick heap 9 on the conveyor belt 41 to the brick arrangement device 1 through the brick supporting plate 94 and the baffle plate device 45 .
优选地,砖输送装置4还包括收板装置47,收板装置47包括设于传动辊输送装置43的传动辊之间并与传动辊轴向平行延伸的推板输送链带471,承载于推板输送链带471两端的推板链轮472,设于推板输送链带471上进行推板的推板手473,和驱动推板输送链带471运转的推板驱动装置474;推板输送链带471的上表面低于所述传动辊的上表面,推板手473高于所述传动辊的上表面。推板驱动装置474驱动推板输送链带471运转,推板手473推动砖托板94的侧边,将砖托板94从传动辊轴上推下进行收板。Preferably, the brick conveying device 4 also includes a board receiving device 47, and the board receiving device 47 includes a push plate conveying chain belt 471 that is arranged between the driving rollers of the driving roller conveying device 43 and extends parallel to the axial direction of the driving rollers, and is carried on the push plate. The push plate sprockets 472 at both ends of the plate conveying chain belt 471 are located on the push plate hand 473 for pushing the plate on the push plate conveying chain belt 471, and the push plate driving device 474 that drives the push plate conveying chain belt 471 to run; The upper surface of the chain belt 471 is lower than the upper surface of the transmission roller, and the pusher 473 is higher than the upper surface of the transmission roller. Push pedal driving device 474 drives push pedal conveying chain belt 471 operation, and push pedal hand 473 promotes the side of brick supporting plate 94, and brick supporting plate 94 is pushed down from drive roller shaft and carries out receiving board.
优选地,收板装置47包括两个相互平行的推板输送链带471;两推板输送链带471同一端的两推板链轮472通过一水平的推板传动轴475同轴传动连接,推板传动轴475设有同轴的推板传动链轮4751,推板驱动装置474的转动输出轴设有同轴的推板驱动链轮4741,推板传动链轮4751与推板驱动链轮4741相对应并通过推板传动链连接。推板驱动装置474通过推板驱动链轮4741带动推板传动链对推板传动链轮4751进行传动,进而推板传动轴475带动两推板链轮472分别驱动两推板输送链带471运转。Preferably, the plate receiving device 47 includes two parallel push plate conveying chain belts 471; the two push plate sprockets 472 at the same end of the two push plate conveying chain belts 471 are connected by a horizontal push plate transmission shaft 475 coaxial transmission, pushing Plate drive shaft 475 is provided with coaxial push plate drive sprocket 4751, and the rotation output shaft of push plate driving device 474 is provided with coaxial push plate drive sprocket 4741, push plate drive sprocket 4751 and push plate drive sprocket 4741 Corresponding and connected by the push plate transmission chain. The push pedal driving device 474 drives the push pedal drive chain through the push pedal drive sprocket 4741 to drive the push pedal drive sprocket 4751, and then the push pedal drive shaft 475 drives the two push pedal sprockets 472 to respectively drive the two push pedal conveyor chain belts 471 to run .
为了使机构更加完整,且便于收板,优选地,收板装置47配设有衔接于推板输送链带471尾端的装板装置476。In order to make the mechanism more complete and facilitate board collection, preferably, the board collection device 47 is equipped with a board loading device 476 connected to the tail end of the push board conveying chain belt 471 .
优选地,砖输送装置4的上游还设有砖垛整形装置5;砖垛整形装置5包括朝砖输送装置4方向运送带砖托板94的砖垛的整形输送带5141,设于整形输送带5141下方可向上托起砖垛的滚轴托起装置52,由多个立设于整形输送带5141一侧的滚动轴沿输送方向排列形成的整齐装置53,和由整形输送带5141另一侧向整齐装置53抵靠砖垛的竖向抵靠板54;滚轴托起装置52包括多个轴线沿输送方向且成矩阵分布的滚轴521,和向上驱动滚轴521的托起驱动装置522;整形输送带5141具有供滚轴521穿过的通口。砖垛整形装置4利用滚轴托起装置52将砖垛93托起,由整齐装置53抵挡在砖垛93一侧,再由竖向抵靠板54在另一侧将砖垛93向整齐装置53抵靠,对砖垛93进行整形。Preferably, a brick stack shaping device 5 is also provided upstream of the brick conveying device 4; the brick stack shaping device 5 includes a shaping conveyor belt 5141 that transports a brick stack with a brick pallet 94 toward the brick conveying device 4, and is arranged on the shaping conveyor belt. Below the 5141, the roller holding device 52 that can hold up the brick pile upwards is a neat device 53 formed by a plurality of rolling shafts standing on one side of the shaping conveyor belt 5141 arranged along the conveying direction, and the other side of the shaping conveyor belt 5141 The vertical abutment plate 54 against the brick pile to the tidy device 53; the roller lifting device 52 includes a plurality of rollers 521 whose axes are distributed in a matrix along the conveying direction, and a lifting drive device 522 that drives the rollers 521 upwards ; Shaping conveyor belt 5141 has an opening for the roller 521 to pass through. The brick stack shaping device 4 utilizes the roller holding device 52 to hold up the brick stack 93, and the tidy device 53 resists the brick stack 93 on one side, and then the vertical abutment plate 54 pushes the brick stack 93 toward the tidy device on the other side. 53 against, the brick pile 93 is shaped.
优选地,多个滚轴521由托板523承载,托板523通过多个支撑座与各滚轴521一一枢接在一起;托板523的下表面形成有由一侧向另一侧逐渐向下倾斜的斜面5231,至少两个斜面5231均匀分布于托板523的下表面;托起驱动装置522包括沿斜面5231逐渐向下倾斜的方向延伸的第十二流体压缸5221,至少两个设于第十二流体压缸5221的活塞杆端部并一一垫设于各斜面5231下方的滚轮5222。第十二流体压缸5221驱动滚轮5222向前移动,利用逐渐向下倾斜的斜面5231,顺势将托板523和滚轴521顶起,进而将砖垛93顶起。Preferably, a plurality of rollers 521 are carried by a supporting plate 523, and the supporting plate 523 is pivotally connected with each roller 521 through a plurality of supporting seats; Downwardly inclined slopes 5231, at least two slopes 5231 are evenly distributed on the lower surface of the supporting plate 523; the lifting drive device 522 includes a twelfth fluid pressure cylinder 5221 extending in the direction in which the slopes 5231 gradually slope downward, at least two The rollers 5222 are arranged at the end of the piston rod of the twelfth fluid pressure cylinder 5221 and are arranged under each inclined surface 5231 one by one. The twelfth fluid pressure cylinder 5221 drives the roller 5222 to move forward, and utilizes the slope 5231 that gradually slopes downward to lift up the supporting plate 523 and the roller 521 , thereby lifting up the brick stack 93 .
优选地,四个斜面5231均匀分布于托板523的下表面,四个滚轮5222与四个斜面5231一一配合;托板523远离托起驱动装置522的一端配设有阻挡装置;四个滚轮5222的下方由承载板524承载,第十二流体压缸5221与承载板524连接。Preferably, the four inclined surfaces 5231 are evenly distributed on the lower surface of the supporting plate 523, and the four rollers 5222 cooperate with the four inclined surfaces 5231 one by one; the end of the supporting plate 523 away from the lifting drive device 522 is equipped with a blocking device; the four rollers The lower part of the cylinder 5222 is carried by the bearing plate 524, and the twelfth fluid pressure cylinder 5221 is connected with the bearing plate 524.
为了形成连续不断且完整的码砖流水线,优选地,砖垛整形装置5的上游还设有供砖装置6;码砖装置3的下游沿流水线方向还依次设有砖打包装置7和出砖装置8。In order to form a continuous and complete assembly line for stacking bricks, preferably, a brick supply device 6 is provided upstream of the brick stack shaping device 5; a brick packing device 7 and a brick output device are also provided in sequence along the direction of the assembly line downstream of the brick stacking device 3. 8.
优选地,砖打包装置7配设有承载和输送由码砖装置3码好的成型砖垛92的打包输送链带71,打包输送链带71上设有多个沿宽度方向延伸并沿长度方向排列的支撑条711,相邻的支撑条711之间具有供打包绳索穿过的间隙。输送链带71具体可为链条,支撑条711连接于链条链结上。Preferably, the brick packaging device 7 is equipped with a packaging conveyor chain belt 71 that carries and transports the formed brick stack 92 coded by the brick stacking device 3. The packaging conveyor chain belt 71 is provided with multiple Arranged supporting bars 711 have gaps between adjacent supporting bars 711 for the packing rope to pass through. The conveyor chain belt 71 can specifically be a chain, and the support bar 711 is connected to the chain link.
双线的离线自动码砖流水线,如图1-18,包括两条上述离线自动码砖流水线,两所述离线自动码砖流水线的砖排列装置1和砖运转装置2共用同一码砖装置3。即两条上述离线自动码砖流水线作为流水线单体,融合成一整条双线的离线自动码砖流水线,为了充分而高效地利用码砖装置3,两个离线自动码砖流水线共用同一码砖装置3,可利用其中一条离线自动码砖流水线传运砖的间隙时间,对另一条离线自动码砖流水线进行码砖,完全可以将码砖效率提高为单独的上述离线自动码砖流水线码砖效率的两倍,且机构利用率也显著提高,大大节约成本。进一步,两所述离线自动码砖流水线也共用同一砖打包装置7和出砖装置8。The two-line offline automatic brick coding assembly line, as shown in Figure 1-18, includes two above-mentioned offline automatic brick coding assembly lines, and the brick arrangement device 1 and brick running device 2 of the two offline automatic brick coding lines share the same brick code device 3 . That is, the two above-mentioned offline automatic brick code assembly lines are used as a single assembly line to merge into a whole two-line offline automatic brick code line. In order to fully and efficiently use the brick code device 3, the two offline automatic brick code lines share the same code brick device. 3. One of the offline automatic brick code assembly lines can be used to transfer bricks during the interval time to code bricks on the other offline automatic brick code line, which can completely improve the brick code efficiency to that of the above-mentioned offline automatic brick code line code brick efficiency. Twice, and the utilization rate of institutions has also been significantly improved, which greatly saves costs. Further, the two offline automatic brick code assembly lines also share the same brick packaging device 7 and brick output device 8 .
为了合理协调两上述离线自动码砖流水线的供砖,优选地,码砖装置3的两个进砖口处于相对的两侧,分别对应两砖运转装置2。In order to reasonably coordinate the brick supply of the two above-mentioned offline automatic brick coding lines, preferably, the two brick inlets of the brick coding device 3 are located on opposite sides, corresponding to the two brick running devices 2 respectively.
一种码砖方法,如图1-18,包括如下步骤:A method for coding bricks, as shown in Figure 1-18, includes the following steps:
(1)利用供砖装置6对砖垛整形装置5供应具有多层砖堆9的砖垛93,由砖垛整形装置5利用滚轴托起装置52将砖垛93托起,由整齐装置53抵挡在砖垛93一侧,再由竖向抵靠板54在另一侧将砖垛93向整齐装置53抵靠,对砖垛93进行整形;(1) Utilize brick supply device 6 to brick pile shaping device 5 to supply the brick pile 93 that has multi-layer brick pile 9, by brick pile shaping device 5 utilize roller bearing device 52 to hold up brick pile 93, by ordering device 53 Resist on one side of the brick stack 93, and then use the vertical abutment plate 54 to lean against the brick stack 93 on the other side to the trimming device 53 to shape the brick stack 93;
(2)砖输送装置4利用取砖装置42将砖垛整形装置5上的砖垛93以逐层砖堆9的形式搬上砖输送装置4,由输送带41和传动辊输送装置43向前输送,由挡板装置45将砖托板94挡住,并由收板装置47利用推板输送链带471和推板手473将砖托板94输送给装板装置46,再由第三推送装置44将砖堆9向砖排列装置1平稳推送;(2) The brick conveying device 4 utilizes the brick taking device 42 to move the brick pile 93 on the brick pile shaping device 5 to the brick conveying device 4 in the form of layer by layer brick pile 9, and is moved forward by the conveyor belt 41 and the drive roller conveying device 43. Convey, the brick supporting plate 94 is blocked by the baffle device 45, and the brick supporting plate 94 is delivered to the loading device 46 by the board receiving device 47 utilizing the push plate conveying chain belt 471 and the pushing plate hand 473, and then the third pushing device 44 push the brick pile 9 to the brick arrangement device 1 steadily;
(3)当砖堆9进入砖排列装置1后,砖排列装置1利用垂直于进砖方向的推挡板111对砖堆9进行阻挡,使砖堆9排列成可码垛的未减少排或列的砖层91,或对相应的砖堆9进行推挡,使相应的砖堆9减少至少一排或一列砖进入量,形成相对于上一层或下一层未减少排或列的砖层91减少至少一排或一列的砖层91,再由第一推送装置14将砖层91向砖运转装置2平稳推送;(3) When the brick pile 9 enters the brick arrangement device 1, the brick arrangement device 1 uses the push baffle plate 111 perpendicular to the brick feeding direction to block the brick pile 9, so that the brick pile 9 can be arranged into stackable unreduced rows or The brick layer 91 of the column, or push and block the corresponding brick pile 9, so that the corresponding brick pile 9 reduces at least one row or a row of bricks, forming bricks that do not reduce the row or row relative to the previous layer or the next layer The layer 91 reduces at least one row or one row of brick layers 91, and then the first pushing device 14 pushes the brick layer 91 to the brick running device 2 smoothly;
(4)砖运转装置2利用转动驱动装置212、传动支杆214和升降移动驱动装置215使升降输送转板211具有平衡转动、前移和升降的功能,由升降输送转板211将相应的砖层91相对于上一层或下一层砖层91转动预定角度,然后由第二推送装置23将砖层91向码砖装置3平稳推送;(4) The brick operating device 2 utilizes the rotating drive device 212, the transmission pole 214 and the lifting and moving driving device 215 to make the lifting and conveying rotating plate 211 have the functions of balanced rotation, forward movement and lifting, and the corresponding brick is moved by the lifting and conveying rotating plate 211. The layer 91 rotates a predetermined angle relative to the upper or lower brick layer 91, and then the second pushing device 23 pushes the brick layer 91 to the brick code device 3 smoothly;
(5)码砖装置3利用载砖开合板32承载由砖运转装置2输送的砖层91,机械夹手31通过两夹手单体311夹紧于未减少排或列的砖层91两侧,或已减少排或列的砖层91的列或排外侧,夹手单体311利用移动夹体30将已减少排或列的砖层91拉开,使相邻的排或列之间形成一个、两个或三个以上的空隙,利用升降架36带动载砖开合板32和机械夹手31将砖层91下降至已码好的下一层砖层91,然后载砖开合板32打开,机械夹手31松开砖层91,使砖层91码在下一层砖层91上;(5) The brick stacking device 3 uses the brick loading opening and closing plate 32 to carry the brick layer 91 conveyed by the brick running device 2, and the mechanical gripper 31 is clamped on both sides of the brick layer 91 that has not been reduced in row or row by two gripper units 311 , or the outside of the row or row of brick layers 91 that have been reduced in rows or rows, the gripper unit 311 uses the moving clamp body 30 to pull apart the reduced row or row of brick layers 91, so that adjacent rows or rows are formed. One, two, or more than three gaps, use the lifting frame 36 to drive the brick-loading opening and closing plate 32 and the mechanical gripper 31 to lower the brick layer 91 to the next layer of bricks 91 that has been coded, and then open the brick-loading opening and closing plate 32 , the mechanical gripper 31 releases the brick layer 91, so that the brick layer 91 is placed on the next layer of brick layer 91;
(6)当码好相应层数要求的成型砖垛92后,利用砖打包装置7对成型砖垛92进行打包,再利用出砖装置8将打包好的成型砖垛92出砖。(6) After coding the formed brick stack 92 required by the corresponding number of layers, utilize the brick packing device 7 to pack the formed brick stack 92, and then utilize the brick discharging device 8 to discharge the packed shaped brick stack 92.
本发明的离线自动码砖流水线及码砖方法,各移动夹体与相应的滑杆之间,尤其是受力接触面上设有滚珠等滚动体,以减少摩擦;各滑杆优选为方柱形杆结构,各移动夹体为滑动套设在滑杆上的滑套结构,滑杆与移动夹体的具体形式均可根据实际要求进行调整和设计;为了便于码垛,且不会造成掉砖等问题,优选地,每层砖层的宽度或长度为砖输送装置上的砖堆宽度的整数倍,进一步,每层砖层均为正方形;双线的离线自动码砖流水线的两条离线自动码砖流水线的具体输送方向和排列方式等可根据实际要求进行调整和设计。In the off-line automatic brick code assembly line and brick code method of the present invention, rolling bodies such as balls are arranged between each movable clip body and the corresponding slide bar, especially on the contact surface under force, to reduce friction; each slide bar is preferably a square column Shaped rod structure, each movable clip body is a sliding sleeve structure set on the sliding rod, the specific form of the sliding rod and the movable clip body can be adjusted and designed according to actual requirements; in order to facilitate stacking, and will not cause falling For problems such as bricks, preferably, the width or length of each layer of bricks is an integer multiple of the width of the brick pile on the brick conveying device, and further, each layer of bricks is a square; The specific conveying direction and arrangement of the automatic brick assembly line can be adjusted and designed according to actual requirements.
本发明的产品形式并非限于本案图示和实施例,任何人对其进行类似思路的适当变化或修饰,皆应视为不脱离本发明的专利范畴。The product form of the present invention is not limited to the illustrations and examples of this case, and anyone who makes appropriate changes or modifications of similar ideas to it shall be deemed not to depart from the scope of the patent of the present invention.
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Also Published As
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CN105858237B (en) | 2017-12-01 |
CN105947687B (en) | 2018-02-13 |
CN105947687A (en) | 2016-09-21 |
CN104444395A (en) | 2015-03-25 |
CN105858237A (en) | 2016-08-17 |
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