CN104441112B - A kind of bending of solid wood Apparatus and method for based on timber longitudinal compression - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a solid wood bending device and method, in particular to a solid wood bending device and method based on wood longitudinal compression. The upper part of the solid wood bending equipment includes an infrared virtual mold projection screen and a drying protective cover, and the lower part includes a working table, a first clamp, a second clamp, and the first hydraulic mechanical arm group with an infrared sensing device and a pressure sensing device. Two hydraulic mechanical arms. It also includes a solid wood bending method based on wood longitudinal compression, including the steps of wood workpiece size processing, softening, longitudinal compression, scanning wood workpieces, comparing graphics, bending operations, drying treatment, and health preservation. The present invention saves solid wood bending molding molds, overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional solid wood bending shape being single and limited, can process different shapes of curved solid wood according to the preset bending shape, and is easy to operate, and can also process and shape complex shapes at one time .

Description

A solid wood bending device and method based on wood longitudinal compression

technical field

The invention relates to a solid wood bending device and method, in particular to a solid wood bending device and method based on wood longitudinal compression.

Background technique

Solid wood bending is furniture or other wood products that bend solid wood into the desired shape under a specific process. The solid wood bending method generally goes through several steps such as softening, bending, shaping, and drying in sequence. The softening step is to increase the plasticity of the wood and prepare for the bending and shaping of the wood later. The drying step is to remove excess water in the wood. To make wood anti-corrosion and durable, bending and shaping are the key links in the process of solid wood bending. The wood bending method can be divided into two forms: manual and mechanical. The manual pressure bending method tightly fixes the tensile surface of the bent wood workpiece on the inner surface of the metal splint with a handle and a stopper. Drive molded wooden blocks between the stoppers until the tensile surface of the wooden workpiece is closely combined with the surface of the metal splint. After the wooden workpiece and the metal splint are fixed, put them on the workbench so that the compressed surface of the wooden workpiece is exactly the same as the model. Positioned, and immediately clamped, hold the wooden handle on the metal cleat for bending with your hand. Bending of large quantities of solid wood requires mechanical bending. Modern mechanical bending equipment is equipped with metal splints and a certain number of moulds. The softened wood is placed between the molds and the metal belt. The hydraulic transmission method pressurizes the wood to bend it into the desired shape along the mold. The other mechanical bending equipment is to fix the softened wood workpiece on the metal splint and place it on the working table of the bending machine so that it is positioned accurately with the mold. , and clamped, and then start the wood bending machine to make the mold rotate, and the wood workpiece will be automatically bent into the desired shape. From the above, whether it is manual pressure bending or mechanical bending, it is necessary to use a mold, and the size and shape of the mold are fixed, and the shape of the curved solid wood processed by a mold with a certain specification is single and limited. , the need to obtain curved solid wood with complex shapes needs to be processed many times, and we know that after the wood is softened, it should be bent under pressure immediately to prevent the cooling of the wood from reducing the plasticity, so processing to obtain curved solid wood with complex shapes requires Before the wood is cooled, the wood is quickly subjected to multiple pressure bending or softened twice or multiple times, and then bent, so the processing process is more complicated and the operation is not easy.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a brand-new solid wood bending equipment and method that saves solid wood bending molding molds, overcomes the traditional disadvantage that the shape of the curved solid wood processed according to the bending molding mold is single and limited, and can be used according to The preset bending shape can process different shapes of curved solid wood, and the operation is convenient, and complex shapes can also be processed at one time.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the invention is:

A kind of solid wood bending equipment is provided. The solid wood bending equipment is divided into upper and lower parts: the upper part includes an infrared virtual mold projection screen and a drying protective cover, and the infrared virtual mold projection screen can use infrared rays to project a For the bending shape of the virtual mold, a drying shield is provided under the projection screen of the infrared virtual mold, and the drying shield can be folded and opened, and when the drying shield is opened, the lower part of the entire solid wood bending equipment can be enclosed in it; The lower part of the solid wood bending equipment includes a worktable, a first clamp, a second clamp, and a first hydraulic mechanical arm group and a second hydraulic mechanical arm group with an infrared sensing device and a pressure sensing device. The first hydraulic mechanical arm group and the second hydraulic mechanical arm group are respectively located on the left and right sides of the curved shape projected on the worktable as a virtual mold. The first fixture, the second The clamps are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the curved shape projected on the worktable as a virtual mold, and the moving path of the hydraulic mechanical arm group is two directions of left and right.

In the infrared virtual mold projection screen, there are infrared emitters with a diameter of 3 mm arranged in an array, which can be used in conjunction with the infrared sensing device on the hydraulic mechanical arm group.

The first hydraulic mechanical arm group and the second hydraulic mechanical arm group are respectively composed of several hydraulic mechanical arms.

The present invention also provides a solid wood bending method based on timber longitudinal compression, comprising the following steps:

(1) Size processing of wood workpieces

Including wood workpiece fixed length, fixed width, fixed thickness processing;

(2) Soften

Put the size-processed wood workpiece into the autoclave, pass in steam, and cook and soften through pressurization and steam;

(3) Longitudinal compression

Put the softened wood workpiece into the wood longitudinal compressor, and compress along the direction of the wood grain;

(4) Trial operation and calibration of solid wood bending equipment

Trial operation of the solid wood bending equipment described above, the bending shape set by the computer is projected onto the workbench through the infrared projection device, and the first hydraulic mechanical arm group and the second hydraulic mechanical arm group are fed to the infrared projection In the area, the infrared sensing device on each hydraulic mechanical arm in the hydraulic mechanical arm group automatically stops feeding when it senses infrared rays. At this time, the trial run and calibration work are completed, and the equipment is restored to the initial state;

(5) Scan wood workpiece

Use a scanner to scan the wood workpiece after size processing and softening treatment, and input the obtained wood workpiece size and three-dimensional graphics into the computer;

(6) Input bending modeling drawings

Input the size and three-dimensional graphics of the set bending shape into the computer;

(7) Compare graphics

By comparing the size and three-dimensional graphics of the wooden workpiece scanned by the scanner with the size and three-dimensional graphics of the set bending shape and the three-dimensional graphics, the feed rate and pressure value of the bending mechanical arm are analyzed and transmitted to the solid wood bending equipment;

(8) Console projection and placement of wooden workpieces

Use the infrared virtual mold projection screen on the upper part of the solid wood bending equipment to project the curved shape and reference line of the virtual mold on the worktable, and place the wooden workpiece on the left side of the curved shape. The reference line is the left side of the curved shape. The straight line perpendicular to the fixture made by the leftmost point on the side curve coincides the right side of the wood workpiece with the reference line;

(9) Bending work

Place the second hydraulic mechanical arm group on the right side in a curved shape according to the right curve of the infrared projection curved shape;

Then the first hydraulic mechanical arm group on the left side pushes the wooden workpiece to move toward the second hydraulic mechanical arm group on the right;

When the first hydraulic mechanical arm group moves to the right, the first clamp and the second clamp located on the front and rear sides of the curved shape on the worktable approach each other to clamp the wood workpiece in it to prevent the wood workpiece from moving backwards and forwards. side movement;

When the wood workpiece touches the second hydraulic mechanical arm group on the right under the push of the first hydraulic mechanical arm group on the left, the pressure on the second hydraulic mechanical arm group on the right The sensing device senses the pressure and transmits the pressure signal to the computer, and the computer controls the first clamp and the second clamp to loosen the wood workpiece, and the wood workpiece is pressed by the first hydraulic mechanical force arm group and the second hydraulic mechanical force The arm group is clamped, and the first hydraulic mechanical arm group is fed according to the above-mentioned feed rate and pressure value, and the bending operation is performed;

When the infrared sensing device on the hydraulic mechanical arm in the first hydraulic mechanical arm group that feeds to the right receives the infrared rays projected from the infrared virtual mold projection screen, the feed movement is stopped;

When all the hydraulic mechanical arms on the first hydraulic mechanical arm group stop moving, the bending operation ends;

(10) Drying shields drop

The protective cover located on the upper part of the workbench falls to seal the lower part of the whole solid wood bending equipment;

(11) Drying treatment

Carry out high-frequency medium heating and drying on the bent parts. During the drying period, the hydraulic mechanical arm stays in the working position and acts as a fixing tool until the drying is over, so as to reduce the rebound of the bent parts;

(12) Take out the molding

(13) Health preservation

Palletize the dried bent molded parts for storage and preservation.

Further, the wood workpiece size processing described in step (1) includes:

a) Wooden workpiece is fixed in length, the plank square material is put into optimal sawing, according to the dimensional requirement of wooden workpiece in the length direction, carry out fixed-length sawing on the basis of leaving processing allowance;

b) The width of the wooden workpiece is fixed, put the fixed-length wooden workpiece into the multi-blade saw, and perform the width-fixing process on the technology with a processing allowance according to the width requirements of the wooden workpiece;

c) Thickness determination of wooden workpieces. Put the wooden workpieces whose length and width have been fixed into the planer, and perform thickness determination processing on the technology with processing allowance according to the thickness requirements of the wooden workpieces.

Further, the steam introduced in the softening described in step (2) is 0.1 MPa, and the softening time is 1.5 hours to 2 hours.

Further, the compression amount of the longitudinal compression described in step (3) is 15% to 25%, that is, the size of the wood workpiece after compression is 75% to 85% of the original size.

Further, the total time of the bending operation and drying treatment is 45 minutes to 60 minutes, and the feed rate is 2 mm/s to 4 mm/s.

Further, the drying process described in step (11) is to use high-frequency medium heating and drying, and the drying time is 25 minutes to 30 minutes by applying high-frequency electromagnetic field energy, and the moisture content of the final wood piece is less than 12%.

Further, the placing and curing described in step (13) is placing the bent molded part in an environment with a temperature of 20° C. and a moisture content of 60% for 24 hours.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The solid wood bending method and equipment of the present invention can save solid wood bending molds, save resources, and improve work efficiency.

2. The present invention overcomes the disadvantage that the shape of the curved solid wood processed by the bending molding die is single and limited, and can process curved solid wood of different shapes according to the preset bending molding.

3. The solid wood bending method of the present invention is easy to operate, and can also be processed and formed in one time for complex shapes.

4. The bending operation controlled by the solid wood bending equipment of the present invention is accurate, and the shape of the bent wood workpiece is good.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1: Schematic diagram of the structure of the solid wood bending equipment of the present invention.

Fig. 2: A top sectional view of the solid wood bending equipment of the present invention when performing bending operations.

Fig. 3: Flowchart of bending operation of solid wood bending equipment represented by top sectional view.

Figure 4: Flowchart of the solid wood bending method of the present invention.

detailed description

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

A kind of solid wood bending equipment, the solid wood bending equipment is divided into upper and lower parts: the upper part includes an infrared virtual mold projection screen 1 and a drying protective cover 2, and the infrared virtual mold projection screen 1 can use infrared rays to project downwards on the work surface 3 The curved shape 6 as a virtual mold is projected, and the infrared virtual mold projection screen 1 is provided with a drying protective cover 2, and the drying protective cover 2 can be folded and opened. When the drying protective cover 2 is opened, the entire solid wood The lower part of the bending equipment is enclosed in it; the lower part of the solid wood bending equipment includes a working table 3, a first clamp 51, a second clamp 52 and a first hydraulic mechanical arm group with an infrared sensing device and a pressure sensing device 41. The second hydraulic mechanical arm group 42, the infrared virtual mold projection screen 1 has an array of infrared transmitters with a diameter of 3 mm, which can be used in conjunction with the infrared sensing device on the hydraulic mechanical arm group , the first hydraulic mechanical arm group 41 and the second hydraulic mechanical arm group 42 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the curved shape projected on the worktable as a virtual mold, and the first The hydraulic mechanical arm group 41 and the second hydraulic mechanical arm group 42 are respectively composed of several hydraulic mechanical arms. The first clamp 51 and the second clamp 52 are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the curved shape projected on the worktable as a virtual mold, and the moving path of the hydraulic mechanical arm group is left and right both directions.

A kind of solid wood bending method based on wood longitudinal compression, comprises the steps:

Size processing of wooden workpieces, including processing of fixed length, fixed width, and fixed thickness of wooden workpieces 8; among them:

a) wooden workpiece 8 fixed length refers to putting the board square material into the optimal saw, and sawing to fixed length on the basis of leaving machining allowance according to the size requirements of wooden workpiece 8 in the length direction;

b) Width fixing of wooden workpiece 8 means that the fixed-length wooden workpiece 8 is put into a multi-blade saw, and the width-fixing process is carried out on the technology with a processing allowance according to the width requirement of the wooden workpiece 8;

c) Thickness determination of the wooden workpiece 8 refers to putting the wooden workpiece 8 of fixed length and width into the planer, and performing thickness determination processing on the technology with a processing allowance according to the thickness requirement of the wooden workpiece 8 .

Soften, put the wood workpiece 8 after size processing into an autoclave, feed steam, cook and soften by pressurization and steam, the steam fed is 0.1MPa, and the softening time is 1.5 hours to 2 hours.

Longitudinal compression, put the softened wood workpiece 8 into the wood longitudinal compressor, and compress along the direction of the wood grain, the compression amount is 15% to 25%, that is, the compressed wood workpiece is 75% to 85% of the original size %.

Trial run the solid wood bending equipment, project the bending shape 6 set by the computer onto the workbench through the infrared projection device 1, and the first hydraulic mechanical arm group 41 and the second hydraulic mechanical arm group 42 are fed to the infrared ray In the projection area, the infrared sensing device on each hydraulic mechanical arm in the hydraulic mechanical arm group will automatically stop feeding when it senses infrared rays. At this time, the trial run and calibration work are completed, and the equipment will be restored to the initial state. .

Scan the wooden workpiece, scan the wooden workpiece 8 after size processing and softening treatment with a scanner, and input the obtained wooden workpiece size and three-dimensional graphics into the computer.

Input the drawing of the bending shape, and input the size and three-dimensional graphics of the set bending shape 6 into the computer.

Comparing the graphics, comparing the size and the three-dimensional graphics of the wooden workpiece 8 obtained by scanning with the scanner and the size and three-dimensional graphics of the set bending shape through the computer, and analyzing the feed rate and pressure value of the bending mechanical arm, And transfer to the described solid wood bending equipment.

The console projects and places the wooden workpiece, and uses the infrared virtual mold projection screen 1 on the upper part of the solid wood bending equipment to project the curved shape 6 and the reference line 7 of the virtual mold on the worktable, and places the wooden workpiece on the left side of the curved shape. The reference line 7 is a straight line perpendicular to the fixture made by the leftmost point on the left curve of the curved shape 6, and the right side of the wood workpiece 8 is coincident with the reference line 7;

For the bending operation, the second hydraulic mechanical arm group 42 on the right is placed in a curved shape according to the right curve of the infrared projection bending shape; then the first hydraulic mechanical arm group 41 on the left side pushes the wooden workpiece to the right The direction of the second hydraulic mechanical arm group 42 moves; when the first hydraulic mechanical arm group 41 moves to the right, the first clamp 51 and the second clamp 52 located on the front and rear sides of the curved shape on the worktable are close to each other , to clamp the wooden workpiece in it to prevent the wooden workpiece from moving forward and backward; When the mechanical force arm group 42, the pressure sensing device on the second hydraulic mechanical force arm group 42 on the right side feels the pressure, and the pressure signal is transmitted to the computer, and the computer controls the first clamp 51 and the second clamp 52 to loosen the pressure. Said wood workpiece, the wood workpiece 8 is clamped by the first hydraulic mechanical arm group 41 and the second hydraulic mechanical arm group 42, and the first hydraulic mechanical arm group 41 is clamped according to the feed rate and pressure Value feed, carry out bending operation; When the infrared sensor device on the hydraulic mechanical arm in the first hydraulic mechanical arm group 41 that feeds to the right receives the infrared ray projected from the infrared virtual mold projection screen, stop Feed movement; when all the hydraulic mechanical arms on the first hydraulic mechanical arm group 41 stop moving, the bending operation ends. The total time of the bending operation and drying treatment is 45 minutes to 60 minutes, and the feed rate is 2 mm/s to 4 mm/s. Since the design drawing of the final bending shape and the drawing of the scanned wood workpiece are parametric, that is, there are dimensional data, it can be programmed with online cutting engineering software to establish a coordinate system, and then assist the mechanical force in the form of coordinates The arm is fed. Since the elastic modulus and bending strength of the wood have been tested in advance to obtain relevant data, the pressure value of the force arm after it touches the wood workpiece is also used as a reference.

Dry protective cover falls, and the protective cover 2 that is positioned at workbench top falls, and the bottom of whole solid wood bending equipment is enclosed wherein.

Drying treatment, heat and dry the bent parts with high-frequency medium. During the drying period, the hydraulic mechanical arm stays in the working position and acts as a fixed tool until the end of drying to reduce the rebound of the bent parts. Use high-frequency medium to heat and dry, apply high-frequency The drying time of the electromagnetic field energy is 25 minutes to 30 minutes, and the moisture content of the final wood piece is less than 12%.

Remove the molding. For health preservation, stack the dried bent and formed parts and place them in an environment with a temperature of 20°C and a moisture content of 60% for 24 hours for health preservation.

Claims (10)

1. a bending of solid wood equipment, it is characterised in that: described bending of solid wood equipment is divided into upper and lower two parts: top includes red Outside line dummy mould projection screen and dry protective cover, described infrared ray dummy mould projection screen can be downward with infrared ray The work top of side is projected out the bending moulding as dummy mould, is provided with dry below described infrared ray dummy mould projection screen Dry protective cover, described dry protective cover can pack up and open, can be by whole bending of solid wood when dry protective cover is opened The bottom of equipment is enclosed in wherein；The lower part of described bending of solid wood equipment includes work top, the first fixture, the second folder Have and with infrared induction device and the first hydraulic mechanical arm of force group of pressure sensitive device, the second hydraulic mechanical power Arm group, the first described hydraulic mechanical arm of force group and the second hydraulic mechanical arm of force group are located on work top projection respectively The arranged on left and right sides of the bending moulding as dummy mould gone out, described the first fixture, the second fixture lay respectively in work Both sides before and after the bending moulding as dummy mould being projected out on table top, the mobile road of described hydraulic mechanical arm of force group Footpath is to the left and to the right both direction.

2. bending of solid wood equipment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: have in described infrared ray dummy mould projection screen Become the RF transmitter of a diameter of 3mm of array discharge, it is possible to the infrared ray sense in described hydraulic mechanical arm of force group Answer device with the use of.

3. bending of solid wood equipment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described the first hydraulic mechanical arm of force group and second Hydraulic mechanical arm of force group is made up of several hydraulic mechanical arm of forces respectively.

4. a bending of solid wood method based on timber longitudinal compression, it is characterised in that: use solid wood as claimed in claim 1 curved Bent equipment is curved operation, comprises the steps:

(1) wood workpiece dimensioned

Process including wood workpiece fixed length, fixed width, fixed thickness；

(2) soften

Wood workpiece after dimensioned is put in steam pressure tank, is passed through steam, carry out steaming and decocting softening by pressurization and steam；

(3) longitudinal compression

The wood workpiece softened is put into timber longitudinal compression machine, is compressed along along the grain direction；

(4) bending of solid wood equipment trail run and calibration

Trail run bending of solid wood equipment as claimed in claim 1, is thrown the bending moulding set by computer by infrared ray Image device projects on workbench, and the first hydraulic mechanical arm of force group and the second hydraulic mechanical arm of force group are fed into infrared ray projection Region, the infrared induction device on each hydraulic mechanical arm of force in hydraulic mechanical arm of force group when sensing infrared ray then Being automatically stopped feeding respectively, now trail run and calibration operation complete, and equipment is reverted to original state；

(5) scanning wood workpiece

With scanner, the wood workpiece after dimensioned and sofening treatment is scanned, and by obtain wood workpiece size with And in 3-D graphic input computer；

(6) input bending moulding drawing

Size and the 3-D graphic of the bending moulding set are inputted in computer；

(7) comparison figure

The size of the wood workpiece obtained by the above-mentioned scanner scanning of computer comparison and the bending moulding of 3-D graphic and setting Size and 3-D graphic, analyze feed rate and the force value drawing the bending machinery arm of force, and be transferred to described bending of solid wood Equipment；

(8) operating board projection and placement wood workpiece

On work top, the curved of dummy mould it is projected out with the infrared ray dummy mould projection screen of described bending of solid wood its upper side Bent moulding and datum line, place wood workpiece in the left side of bending moulding, and described datum line is the leftmost curve through bending moulding On the straight line being perpendicular to described fixture made of the most left point, the right edge of described wood workpiece is overlapped with datum line；

(9) buckling work

The second hydraulic mechanical arm of force group on right side is put out curve modeling according to the right side graph of infrared ray projection bending moulding；

Then the first hydraulic mechanical arm of force group in left side promotes wood workpiece the second hydraulic mechanical arm of force prescription to the right to fortune Dynamic；

When the first hydraulic mechanical arm of force group moves right, be located on work top the first fixture of both sides before and after bending moulding, Second fixture is close to each other, is clipped in wherein by described wood workpiece, prevents wood workpiece two side shifting forwards, backwards；

When described wood workpiece touches second hydraulic mechanical on right side under the promotion of the first hydraulic mechanical arm of force group in left side During arm of force group, the pressure sensitive device in the second hydraulic mechanical arm of force group on right side experiences pressure, and by pressure signal transmission To computer, computer controls the first fixture, the second fixture unclamps described wood workpiece, and described wood workpiece is by the first hydraulic mechanical arm of force Group and the second hydraulic mechanical arm of force group clamp, the first hydraulic mechanical arm of force group according to described feed rate and force value feeding, It is curved operation；

When the infrared induction device on the hydraulic mechanical arm of force in the first hydraulic mechanical arm of force group carrying out to the right feeding receives During the infrared ray projected to infrared ray dummy mould projection screen, feed-disabling moves；

When, after the whole equal stop motions of the hydraulic mechanical arm of force in the first hydraulic mechanical arm of force group, buckling work terminates；

(10) it is dried protective cover to fall

The protective cover being positioned at operation post top falls, and is closed wherein the bottom of whole bending of solid wood equipment；

(11) dried

Bool being carried out high-frequency dielectric heat drying, is dried period, the hydraulic mechanical arm of force rests on job position, serves as regular worker Tool is until being dried and terminate, reducing bool resilience；

(12) profiled member is taken out

(13) health preserving

By the brake forming part piling after dried, carry out placing health preserving.

5. bending of solid wood method based on timber longitudinal compression as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: described in step (1) Wood workpiece dimensioned, wherein:

A) wood workpiece fixed length, refers to put into plate square bar preferably in saw, is leaving according to wood workpiece dimensional requirement in the longitudinal direction Fixed length sawing is carried out on the basis of allowance；

B) wood workpiece fixed width, refers to put in multiple blade saw by the wood workpiece of fixed length, foundation wood workpiece requirement on width, That leaves allowance technically carries out fixed width process；

C) the fixed thickness of wood workpiece, refers to put in thicknesser by the wood workpiece of fixed length, fixed width, according to wood workpiece requirement on thickness, The technology leave allowance carries out fixed thick process.

6. bending of solid wood method based on timber longitudinal compression as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: described in step (2) Softening the steam being passed through is 0.1MPa, and the softening time is 1.5 hours～2 hours.

7. bending of solid wood method based on timber longitudinal compression as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: described in step (3) The decrement of longitudinal compression is 15% to 25%, and i.e. the size after wood workpiece compression is full-sized 75% to 85%.

8. bending of solid wood method based on timber longitudinal compression as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: described buckling work and The total time of dried is 45 minutes to 60 minutes, and feed rate is 2mm/s to 4mm/s.

9. bending of solid wood method based on timber longitudinal compression as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: described in step (11) Dried for using high-frequency dielectric heat drying, applying high-frequency electromagnetic field energy drying time is 25 minutes to 30 minutes, The moisture content of final wooden piece is less than 12%.

10. bending of solid wood method based on timber longitudinal compression as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: described in step (13) Placement health preserving for brake forming part is positioned over temperature is 20 DEG C, moisture content be in the environment of 60% 24 hours.