CN104438949B - A kind of train shock bracket processing technique - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a processing technology for a train shock absorbing bracket, which comprises the following processing steps: plate blanking→first stretching→reverse stretching→second stretching→integral cone surface stretching→side punching; Stretch in the direction, place the opening of the damping bracket after the first stretch downward on the die A, and position it by the positioning pin in the die A; the upper platen of the press moves downward, driving the punch A down Press the damping bracket stretched for the first time, and roll it down along the inner wall of the die A, and at the same time, the punch A pushes the material plate of the damping bracket down together. When the damping bracket is completely pressed into the die A, The upper limit block of the press is in contact with the lower limit block, the reverse stretching ends, and punch A returns. The invention adopts the method of positive and negative stretching and the combination of straight face and conical face, the production cycle is short, the internal and external shape of the product is completely controlled by the mold cavity, the size is stable, the production efficiency and product qualification rate are improved, the production cost is reduced, and the enterprise The purpose of reducing costs and saving capital to create benefits.

Description

A processing technology of train shock-absorbing bracket

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of processing train accessories, and in particular relates to a processing technology for train shock absorbing brackets.

Background technique

Train shock absorber (6197-CL-03/04) series products, the thickness of the material is 3mm, the taper is 11°±0.15°, which is a deep tapered part that needs to be processed and formed. At present, the processing technology for the train shock absorber is rotary rolling and die-casting process. The die-casting process is: forming by cavity die-casting process, then turning the inner and outer surfaces, and finally drilling the side; the rotary rolling process is: using sheet metal shears Cutting, after spinning, then turning and finally side punching. There are the following defects: 1), the use of cavity die-casting, the working process is cumbersome, the working environment is poor, it is easy to cause defects in the internal structure of the material, and the inner and outer surfaces of the train shock absorber also need post-finishing; 2), the use of rotary rolling process requires Using special equipment, the processing cost is high; the spinning speed is slow, the production cycle is long, and the spinning marks on the surface need to be processed later.

If the general cold stamping process is adopted, the deformation degree of the deep tapered part is large, and the force is transmitted only by the local area in contact between the blank and the punch, which can easily cause the blank to become too thin and even cracked, and the lower part of the side is easy to wrinkle near the large diameter. Processing is difficult.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical solution: a kind of train shock absorber processing technology, it is characterized in that: comprise following processing steps:

A), plate blanking, and process the plate to the design size;

B) Stretching for the first time, stretching the train shock absorber from the plate to a straight cylinder with a blanking edge;

C), reverse stretching;

D), the second stretch;

E), overall cone stretching;

F), side punching.

The reverse stretching includes the following processing steps:

A), on the YL28-150 press, install the upper mold backing plate, the punch fixing plate, and the punch A downwards in sequence;

B) Install the lower die backing plate, die backing cover, and die A on the lower die plate of the YL28-150 press in sequence;

C) Place the opening of the shock absorbing bracket of the train stretched for the first time downward on the die A, and position it by the positioning pin in the die A;

D) The upper template of the press moves downwards, driving the punch A to press down the train shock absorbing bracket after the first stretch, and rolling down along the inner wall of the die A, the gap between the die A and the punch A A gap of 1.05 times the thickness of the material is left, and at the same time, the punch A pushes the material plate of the train shock absorber to drop together. At the end of stretching, the punch A returns, and the train shock absorber stays in the die A by its own rebound at the step of the die A, and finally the ejector plate pushes out the reverse stretched train shock absorber.

The second stretching includes the following processing steps:

A), on the YL28-150 press, install the upper mold backing plate, the die pad, and the die B in sequence downwards;

B) Install the lower mold backing plate, punch fixing plate, and punch B on the lower mold plate of the YL28-150 press in sequence;

C) Place the reverse stretched train damping bracket opening downward on the punch B. There is a distance of hs=10±1mm between the top of the punch B and the reverse stretched train damping bracket. Coarse positioning of the shape of mold B;

D) The cylinder jacking force of the press is first adjusted to 4-4.5Mpa, the upper template moves downwards, drives the die B to press down, and the train shock absorbing bracket after reverse stretching and the conical surface of the die B are automatically centered , to ensure that it can be supported by the force of the jacking cylinder, the jacking plate first reduces the diameter of the train shock absorber after reverse stretching, and the amount of diameter shrinkage is controlled by hs, which can ensure that the surface of the product does not wrinkle;

E) Die B continues downward, push the reverse-stretched train damping bracket into the cavity of die B by the stationary punch B, and the size of the pressed cone surface H2 is the height of the train damping bracket Two-thirds, the upper limit block of the press is in contact with the lower limit block, and the second stretching is over; the return stroke of the die B is left on the lower punch by compressing the polyurethane rubber and the upper ejector rod, and goes up from the lower ejector plate Finish unloading.

The overall cone stretching includes the following processing steps:

A) Replace the punch fixing plate and punch C on the lower template, and the punch C is automatically centered;

B) Place the opening of the train damping bracket after the second stretching downward on the punch C, and roughly position it by the shape of the punch C;

C) The cylinder jacking force of the press is first adjusted to 4-4.5Mpa, the upper template moves downwards, drives the die B to press down, and the train shock absorbing bracket and the cone surface of the die B after reverse stretching are automatically centered , to ensure that it can be supported by the force of the jacking cylinder, and the jacking plate first reduces the diameter of the train shock-absorbing bracket after reverse stretching;

D), Die B continues downward, press the second-stretched train shock-absorbing bracket into Die B by the stationary punch C, the upper limit block of the press is in contact with the lower limit block, and the overall cone The surface stretching is completed; the die B returns, and the compressed polyurethane rubber and the upper ejector rod remain on the lower punch, and the lower ejector plate moves upward to complete the unloading.

After the reverse stretching process, the taper dimension H1 of the train shock absorber is 25% to 35% of the height of the train shock absorber.

The invention adopts the method of positive and negative stretching and the combination of straight face and conical face, the production cycle is short, the internal and external shape of the product is completely controlled by the mold cavity, the size is stable, the production efficiency and product qualification rate are improved, the production cost is reduced, and the enterprise For the purpose of reducing costs, saving capital and creating benefits, popularization and application have good economic and social benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structure diagram of the shock absorbing bracket of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an installation structure diagram of the train shock absorbing bracket of the present invention before reverse stretching.

Fig. 3 is an installation structure diagram of the train shock absorbing bracket of the present invention after reverse stretching.

Fig. 4 is an installation structure diagram of the train shock absorbing bracket of the present invention before the second stretching.

Fig. 5 is an installation structure diagram of the whole tapered surface of the train shock absorbing bracket of the present invention before stretching.

In the figure: 1. Train shock-absorbing support; 2. Die A; 3. Punch A; 4. Taper size H1; 5. Die B; 6. Punch B; 7. Punch C; 8. Cone Face size H2.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but not as limiting the present invention:

A process for processing a train shock absorber, including the following processing steps: A), plate blanking, processing the plate to the design size; B), first stretching, stretching the train shock absorber 1 from the plate to the pressure Side straight cylindrical; C), reverse stretching; D), second stretching; E), overall tapered stretching; F), side punching.

As shown in Figure 2, reverse stretching includes the following processing steps: A), install the upper mold backing plate, punch fixing plate, and punch A3 on the upper template of the YL28-150 press in sequence; B), The lower template of the YL28-150 press is installed upwards with the lower mold backing plate, the die cushion cover, and the die A2; C), and the opening of the train shock absorbing bracket 1 after the first stretch is placed downward on the die A2 , and positioned by the positioning pins in the die A2; D), the upper template of the press moves downward, driving the punch A3 to press down on the train shock absorbing bracket 1 after the first stretch, and along the direction of the die A2 The inner wall is rolled downward, and there is a gap of 1.05 times the material thickness between the die A2 and the punch A3. At the same time, the punch A3 pushes the material plate of the train shock absorber 1 down together. When the train shock absorber 1 is completely pressed into the die A2 Inside, as shown in Figure 3, the upper limit block of the press is in contact with the lower limit block, the reverse stretching ends, the punch A3 returns, and the train shock absorbing bracket 1 rebounds and stays in the cavity at the step of the die A2 by itself. In the mold A2, the last ejector plate pushes out the train shock absorbing bracket 1 after reverse stretching; this reverse stretching process is different from the general reverse stretching: one is that a certain height of the cone is added to the top, and the length of the cone is Control is very important. It directly affects the diameter of the top of the cone surface. If it is short, the process will increase. If it is long, the diameter of the top of the punch will become smaller, which will cause the top of the train shock absorber 1 to crack and take off the cap. The edge is 0.25mm, which reduces the friction between the train shock absorber 1 and the die surface. When the train shock absorber 1 goes down into the die A2, it can rely on the train shock absorber 1 to rebound and finally stay in the die A2. It reduces the difficult problem that the train shock absorbing support 1 may stick on the punch A3 and needs to increase the unloading device.

As shown in Figure 4, the second stretching includes the following processing steps: A), install the upper mold backing plate, die pad, and die B5 on the upper template of the YL28-150 press in sequence; B), The lower mold plate of the YL28-150 press is installed in sequence with the lower mold backing plate, the punch fixing plate, and the punch B6; C), the opening of the train shock absorbing bracket 1 after reverse stretching is placed downward on the punch B6, There is a distance of hs=10±1mm between the top of the punch B6 and the train shock-absorbing bracket 1 after reverse stretching, and the rough positioning depends on the shape of the punch B6; The template moves downward, driving the die B5 to press down, and the train shock absorbing support 1 after reverse stretching and the cone surface of the die B5 are automatically centered to ensure that it can be supported by the force of the jacking cylinder. The diameter of the stretched train shock absorbing bracket 1 is reduced, and the amount of diameter reduction is controlled by hs, which can ensure that the product surface does not wrinkle; E), the die B5 continues downward, and the static punch B6 reversely stretches The train damping bracket 1 is pushed into the cavity of the die B5, and the pressed-in cone size H27 is two-thirds of the height of the train damping bracket 1, and the upper limit block of the press is in contact with the lower limit block. The stretching is over; after the pressing, the train shock absorber 1 may be stuck in the die B5 and cannot be unloaded, the die B5 returns, the compressed polyurethane rubber and the upper ejector rod remain on the lower punch, and the lower ejector plate goes up to complete the unloading material; the train shock absorbing support 1 is first reduced in diameter and then rolled, so that the top of the train shock absorbing support 1 is not easy to be cracked and uncapped, and the process is reduced simultaneously.

As shown in Figure 5, the overall conical surface stretching includes the following processing steps: A), replace the punch fixing plate on the lower template, punch C, and punch C is automatically centered; B), stretch the second time The opening of the rear shock-absorbing bracket of the rear train is placed downwards on the punch C, and it is roughly positioned by the shape of the punch C; Press down, rely on the reverse stretched train shock absorber and the cone surface of the die B to automatically center, to ensure that it can be supported by the force of the jacking cylinder, the ejector plate first shrinks the reverse stretched train shock absorber diameter; D), the die B continues downward, press the second-stretched train shock-absorbing bracket into the die B by the stationary punch C, and the upper limit block of the press is in contact with the lower limit block. The stretching of the overall cone surface is completed; the return stroke of the die B is left on the lower punch by compressing the polyurethane rubber and the upper ejector rod, and the unloading is completed by the lower ejector plate; the principle of reducing the diameter and pressing the cone is adopted to solve the problem at the same time. The self-locking phenomenon formed due to the good matching precision of the die B5 and the punch B7 and the small taper of the train shock absorbing bracket 1 is eliminated.

After the reverse stretching process, the cone size H14 of the train shock absorber 1 is 25% to 35% of the height of the train shock absorber 1; Partial surface transition method, after forming, a product with a smooth and stable taper can be obtained.

During the specific implementation, after a comprehensive analysis, although the train shock absorber 1 is a deep tapered part, it can be cold stamped by changing the mold structure and corresponding materials, and the accuracy of the conical surface of the train shock absorber 1 is 11° ± 0.15° It is the key to ensure that the height of the product and the corresponding size and diameter can meet the requirements of the drawings; when selecting materials, after analyzing and comparing with foreign materials S355, and communicating with customers, it is finally determined to use SPHC pickling steel plates produced by Baosteel, and its chemical composition C≤0.12 , Si≤0.50, Mn≤1.60, P≤0.25, S≤0.02, Ait≥0.015, V≤0.20, Ti≤0.15, Nb≤0.09.

After material analysis and comparison and repeated practice attempts, SPHC Baosteel pickled steel plate was used for cold stamping process. After processing, the side of the train shock absorber bracket is smooth, the straightness is good, the cone angle 11±0.15º meets the requirements, the yield strength is ≥220Mpa, and the tensile strength ≥350Mpa, elongation ≥22%, fully meet the customer's requirements; when the train shock absorbing bracket 1 is in use, the shock absorbing effect is excellent, the product performance is stable, and the company's own goal of reducing costs, saving capital and creating benefits has been achieved.

Apparently, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the implementation. For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the basis of the above description, other changes or changes in different forms can also be made. It is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation manners here. However, the obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a train shock absorber processing technology, is characterized in that: comprise following processing steps: A), plate blanking, and process the plate to the design size; B), stretching for the first time, the train damping support (1) is stretched from the plate to be a straight cylindrical shape with a blanking edge; C), reverse stretching; D), the second stretch; E), overall cone stretching; F), side punching; The reverse stretching includes the following processing steps: A), on the YL28-150 press, install the upper mold backing plate, the punch fixing plate, and the punch A (3); B), install the lower mold backing plate, the die backing cover, and the die A (2) sequentially upward on the lower die plate of the YL28-150 press; C), the opening of the train damping support (1) after the first stretch is placed downwards on the die A (2), and positioned by the positioning pins in the die A (2); D) The upper template of the press moves downward, driving the punch A (3) to press down on the train shock absorbing support (1) after the first stretch, and rolling down along the inner wall of the die A (2) , there is a gap of 1.05 times the material thickness between the die A (2) and the punch A (3), and at the same time, the punch A (3) pushes the material plate of the train shock absorber (1) to drop together, when the train shock absorber (1) All are pressed into the die A (2), the upper limit block of the press is in contact with the lower limit block, the reverse stretching ends, the punch A (3) returns, and the train shock absorber (1) is in the die The step of A(2) stays in the die A(2) by its own rebound, and finally the ejector plate pushes out the train shock-absorbing support (1) after reverse stretching; After the reverse stretching process, the taper size H1 (4) of the train shock absorber (1) is 25% to 35% of the height of the train shock absorber (1). 2. A kind of train damping support processing technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described second stretching, comprises the following processing steps: A), on the upper template of the YL28-150 press, install the upper mold backing plate, the die pad, and the die B (5); B) Install the lower die backing plate, punch fixing plate, and punch B (6) on the lower die plate of the YL28-150 press; C), the opening of the train damping support (1) after the reverse stretching is placed downwards on the punch B (6), the top of the punch B (6) and the train damping support (1) after the reverse stretching ) has a distance of hs=10±1mm, which is roughly positioned by the shape of the punch B (6); D) The jacking force of the press is firstly adjusted to 4-4.5Mpa, the upper template moves downward, drives the die B (5) to press down, and the train shock absorbing support (1) and die B after reverse stretching (5) The tapered surface is automatically centered to ensure that it can be supported by the force of the jacking cylinder. The jacking plate first reduces the diameter of the train shock absorbing bracket (1) after reverse stretching. The amount of diameter shrinkage is controlled by hs, which can ensure the product wrinkle-free surface; E), the die B (5) continues downward, push the reverse stretched train damping support (1) into the cavity of the die B (5) by the static punch B (6), press it into The cone size H2 (7) is two-thirds of the height of the train shock absorber (1), and the upper limit block of the press is in contact with the lower limit block, and the second stretching ends; the die B (5) returns, The polyurethane rubber and the upper ejector rod are left on the lower punch by compressing the polyurethane rubber, and the unloading is completed by the lower ejector plate. 3. A kind of train shock-absorbing support processing technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described integral tapered stretching, comprises the following processing steps: A), replace the punch fixing plate and punch C (7) on the lower formwork, and the punch C (7) is automatically centered; B), place the opening of the train damping bracket (1) after the second stretching downward on the punch C (7), and roughly locate it by the shape of the punch C (7); C) The jacking force of the press is firstly adjusted to 4-4.5Mpa, the upper template moves downwards, drives the die B (5) to press down, and the train shock absorbing support (1) and die B after reverse stretching (5) The tapered surface is automatically centered to ensure that it can be supported by the force of the jacking cylinder, and the jacking plate first makes the train shock absorbing bracket (1) after reverse stretching shrink in diameter; D), the die B (5) continues downward, press the train damping support (1) stretched for the second time into the die B (5) by the stationary punch C (7), and press The upper limit block is in contact with the lower limit block, and the stretching of the entire cone surface is completed; the return stroke of the die B (5) is left on the lower punch by compressing the polyurethane rubber and the upper ejector rod, and the discharge is completed by the lower ejector plate.