CN104429858A - Culture substrate for quick cultivation of banana heeled-in seedlings and preparing method thereof - Google Patents
Culture substrate for quick cultivation of banana heeled-in seedlings and preparing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104429858A CN104429858A CN201410760666.7A CN201410760666A CN104429858A CN 104429858 A CN104429858 A CN 104429858A CN 201410760666 A CN201410760666 A CN 201410760666A CN 104429858 A CN104429858 A CN 104429858A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/40—Fertilisers incorporated into a matrix
Abstract
The invention discloses a culture substrate for quick cultivation of banana heeled-in seedlings and a preparing method thereof. The culture substrate is made by mixing mixed substrate, high-potassium coated controlled-release fertilizer and water-retaining cross-linking agent according to a mass ratio of 1:(0.003 to 0.008):(0.003-0.005); the mixed substrate is made by mixing peat, salt-free coconut chaff and garden substrate organic fertilizer according to a volume ratio of 1:(2 to 4):(0.5 to 2). During cultivation of secondary banana seedlings with the culture substrate, tissue culture balance seedlings are directly transplanted to the culture substrate with no need for sand culture. The culture substrate has the evident action of promoting height and thickness of pesudostems, number of leaves, biomass live-weight and development of roots during heeling-in phase of the banana seedlings; conventional nursery seedlings cultivated are available for sell 20 to 30 days early.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Banana Seedlings to cultivate and special fertilizer production technical field.More specifically, cultivation matrix relating to a kind of quickly breeding Banana Seedlings and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Banana is a kind of important economic crops in subtropics, cultivated area about 300,000 hm
2, the annual tissue culture seedlings of bananas needed is up to 200,000,000 strains.Tissue culture seedlings of bananas is before being applied to field production, have to pass through and heel in earlier mating, be referred to as to cultivate secondary seedling or the cultivation of secondary seedling or heel in seedling to cultivate, the Cultivating techniques of the nursery of secondary seedling is most important, particularly under the wreaking havoc and spread unchecked situation of current banana Panama wilt disease, already found out that Banana Seedlings Cultivating techniques backwardness was one of banana Panama disease reason of spreading unchecked, therefore how to have cultivated the concern that healthy anosis Banana Seedlings is more and more subject to various circles of society.
Traditionally, banana peasant and the so-called seedling specialist that heels in heel in process at tissue culture seedlings of bananas, selecting during matrix seeks cheaply, matrix is the soil such as table soil, paddy soil or corn ground surface soil using a large amount of pond sludge, river bank fluvisol, the sandy loam gathered, deserted mountain barren hill nearby substantially, then adding portion farmyard manure, composite fertilizer etc. are mixed with and form so-called Nutrition Soil.The Nutrition Soil of such preparation easily brings a lot of problem: first, the soil gathered nearby carries pathogen and nematode (Panamanian germ is soil-borne fungus) unavoidably, and generally not to soil and matrix disinfection, therefore this matrix is not only dangerous, and the process often causing the cultivating process of secondary seedling to become banana Panama disease infection and propagate; Secondly, this Nutrition Soil nutrient formula component proportion that is unreasonable, matrix is unreasonable, show that npk nutrient ratio is unsuitable for banana seedlings growth, be not nitrogen be exactly lack, matrix is not sticky was exactly heavily sand, the very poor or not preserve moisture and fertility of permeability, and liquid manure gas heat is inharmonious, survival rate is low, on average only has about 70%.And tissue culture seedlings of bananas is heeled in period and needed constantly to supply water fertilizer, manages routinely, need to water nutrient solution 20 ~ 25 times within the time of transplanting totally one half to 2 wheat harvesting period between plantlet in vitro to seeding stage.And the concentration of nutrient solution has different requirements at different seedling age, by regulation, in first 15 days of cup seedling growth, the concentration of fertilizer more than 0.2%, and after each fertilising, should not applied clear water and sprays blade face with burn-out-proof leaf.Visible, water soluble fertilizer heels in the nutrient source of also non-optimal in process in banana seedlings.3rd, secondary seedling based on soil goes out when garden is transplanted can bring again two obvious problems, one is that the weight that every bag of seedling adds matrix can reach about 1 kilogram, transplanting process like this just needs a large amount of labours and strong labour, this point and nowadays countryside surplus labor's deficiency very do not claim, need banana seedlings both healthy in production practices, cup seedling is light and handy again; Secondly, soil matrix seedling does not cause root system damage in the de-bag process of transplanting, and after therefore banana is transplanted, seedling is delayed generally according to transplanting time needs 15 ~ 30 days in land for growing field crops, and this has just significantly postponed the Time To Market of banana, reduces the economic benefit of banana.
Given this, the Cultivating techniques of anosis healthy secondary banana seedlings is badly in need of in the development of banana industry, and first the key of this technology is the fertilizer preparing the special matrix of salinity cultivation Banana Seedlings that is low, that have again nutrient supply endlessly and process of growth thereof.Due to tissue culture seedlings of bananas, to heel in phase seedling tender and lovely immature, responsive to Nutrient Absorption, requires very meticulous fertilizer application mode.
Although there is the patent of a lot of plant dedicated substrate so far, such as, CN102515961B discloses a kind of cultivation matrix for roof greening, CN100386020C discloses a kind of vegetables soilless raising seedling substrate, 201110065897.2 disclose a kind of eucalyptus seedling culture substrate and production technology thereof, 201110067478 disclose a kind of watermelon seedling culturing substrate, CN102648696B discloses and utilizes matrimony vine branch production Vegetable culture medium and seedling medium, 20091024267 disclose a kind of euphorbia pulcherrima culture matrix, 201010137601 disclose a kind of orchid soilless culture substrate, CN102627504B discloses a kind of organic herbaceous fruit plantation substrate and preparation method thereof, but still there is no the patent of banana secondary seedling, above-mentioned patented technology directly can not be borrowed in the cultivation of banana secondary seedling, because crop its nutritive peculiarity different is different.In addition, also seedling medium and preparation method thereof is some patents disclosed, such as CN102210254A discloses multi-functional substrate soilless cultivating method and device, CN102172183B discloses a kind of seedling culturing substrate block and preparation method thereof, 201210291224 disclose seedling medium and preparation method thereof, it take manioc waste as seedling medium of raw material and preparation method thereof that CN102276332A discloses a kind of, CN101361454B discloses plant cultivation media and method for making thereof, and CN102503617B discloses a kind of soilless culture substrate installation for fermenting and fermentation process thereof.But its major applications vermiculite or perlite or bentonite etc. are water conservation material, the above two are easy to cause root system of plant go deep into its structure hole and rupture, particularly transplant process, the latter is easy to cause matrix permeability to reduce, and conventional water-soluble fertilizer is all used in most of matrix and nursery thereof, controlling bad being easy to causes fertilizer to burn seedling, according to a small amount of method fertilising repeatedly, needs a large amount of labours.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention overcomes existing Banana Seedlings to cultivate and the deficiency of special fertilizer, phase of the heeling in dedicated substrate formula providing a kind of suitable tissue culture seedlings of bananas to grow fast and fertilizer thereof and application process.Matrix physicochemical character in the present invention's formula is stablized, and the banana nursery special-purpose control-release fertilizer in matrix better can adapt to the law of nutritive absorption of banana, is the coating controlled-release fertilizer that a kind of Nutrient Release meets Banana Growth.
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of cultivation matrix of quickly breeding Banana Seedlings.
Another object of the present invention is to provide application and the using method of the cultivation matrix of described quickly breeding Banana Seedlings.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The invention provides a kind of cultivation tissue culture seedlings of bananas dedicated substrate and formula thereof, with peat, salt-free coconut palm chaff, garden media fertilizer for main material, coordinate and be applicable to control released fertilizer special, the moisture capacity crosslinking agent that tissue culture seedlings of bananas heels in phase growth.Its Nutrient Release meets Banana Growth, carries out single fertilization, both simple and efficient, can provide again enough appropriate nutrients.A kind of liquid manure and the irrigation method thereof that coordinate matrix fertilizer are also provided.River sand and import peat is added for contrast with conventional soil, by the contrast with peat, salt-free coconut palm chaff, garden media mixing formula, the impact that research secondary seedling dedicated substrate formula and matrix grow tissue culture seedlings of bananas, the effect of inspection the art of this patent and product.
Particularly, the invention provides a kind of Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix, is that according to mass ratio 1:0.003 ~ 0.008:0.003 ~ 0.005, mixed preparing forms with mixed-matrix, high potassium film-coated controlled release fertilizer and moisture capacity crosslinking agent for raw material; Described mixed-matrix be with peat, salt-free coconut palm chaff and garden media fertilizer for raw material, form according to volume ratio 1:2 ~ 4:0.5 ~ 2 mixed preparing.
Preferably, described peat, salt-free coconut palm chaff and garden media fertilizer all cross 5mm sieve.After sieving, according to volume ratio 1:2 ~ 4:0.5 ~ 2, mix in batch mixer and be prepared into mixed-matrix.
Preferably, described peat, salt-free coconut palm chaff and garden media fertilizer are all through asepticize process.
More preferably, described garden media fertilizer, before asepticize process, also processes through high temperature nuclear reactor corruption.
Alternatively, described peat, salt-free coconut palm chaff are the commercially available prod crossed through high temperature or aseptic process, and garden media fertilizer is the marketing through high temperature nuclear reactor corruption, all through asepticize process, ensure that matrix is aseptic.
Preferably, described high potassium film-coated controlled release fertilizer is the film-coated controlled release fertilizer that the composite fertilizer containing nitrate nitrogen being 13-10-21 by nutrient analysis formula is prepared from through vegetable oil coating, and its fertilizer efficiency period is 3m ~ 5m.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of above-mentioned Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix, adopt moto-vibro screen screening, adopt mechanical mixer mixing.Concrete steps are as follows:
S1., after peat, salt-free coconut palm chaff and garden media fertilizer being crossed 5mm sieve, according to volume ratio 1:2 ~ 4:0.5 ~ 2, mix in batch mixer and be prepared into mixed-matrix;
S2. mixed-matrix is coordinated according to mass ratio 1:0.003 ~ 0.008:0.003 ~ 0.005 with high potassium film-coated controlled release fertilizer, water-retaining type crosslinking agent, in batch mixer, mix and obtain Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix.
The present invention also provides the application of above-mentioned Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix in Banana Seedlings cultivation, and tissue culture seedlings of bananas, without the need to through husky training, is washed packed tissue culture seedlings of bananas clear water off the medium of root, directly transplanted in Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix.
Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix of the present invention is only prepared before cultivation, and general stock's phase is not greater than 30 days.Preferably be used while allocating.
The method of above-mentioned application, namely Banana Seedlings cultivation method is:
S1. getting Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix loads in container, compacting, then the Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix adding equivalent, and moderate compacting, finally adds the Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix of 0.5 times of volume, gently press, and keeps matrix from vessel port 1.5 ~ 3cm; (as get the black nutritive cup of matrix 400mL loading 12cm × 13cm, compacting, then pour 400mL into, moderate compacting, finally pours 200mL into, gently presses; Keep matrix face from nutrition margin of optic cup 2cm);
S2. water 2 ~ 3 times, 80% of the water content that reaches capacity;
S3. packed tissue culture seedlings of bananas clear water is washed off the medium of root, directly transplant in Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix;
S4. transplant after banana heel in period, every day with Water spray once, ensure seedling-slowing stage have enough nutrients and moisture;
S5. after slow seedling and banana seedlings survive, with the fertilizer solution pouring of 0.1 ~ 0.2%; Described fertilizer solution is above-mentioned high potassium film-coated controlled release fertilizer.
In addition, if cultivate conventional nursery stock, only need impose once, every strain 3 ~ 5g; If cultivate super large secondary seedling, then impose every month once, consumption be monthly every strain 5 ~ 20g, and consumption increases month by month.
Due to tissue culture seedlings of bananas, to heel in phase seedling tender and lovely immature, responsive to Nutrient Absorption, requires very meticulous fertilizer application mode.The present invention is directed to tissue culture seedlings of bananas and heel in the demand rule of phase to moisture and nutrient, the factor such as considering cost and operability, obtain above-mentioned with peat, salt-free coconut palm chaff, garden media fertilizer for main material, coordinate and be applicable to the Banana Seedlings plantation substrate that tissue culture seedlings of bananas heels in the control released fertilizer special of phase growth, moisture capacity crosslinking agent is prepared from.
In addition, the present invention instead of the conventional common coconut palm chaff (non-salt-free coconut palm chaff) of nursery with salt-free coconut palm chaff, and the salinity of common coconut palm chaff is too high, and salinity EC value scope is about 4.0mS/cm, and what have is greater than 4.0mS/cm; But the EC being most suitable for banana seedling growth should at below 2mS/cm.Therefore, the salinity of common coconut palm chaff is greater than the endurable salinity of Banana Seedlings growth, so when being matrix with common coconut palm chaff, although cheaply, banana seedlings is the undergrowth because of salt damage often.So, the problem that the present invention causes matrix cost too high in order to avoid simple peat, also in order to prevent the salt damage of common coconut palm chaff, introduces salt-free coconut palm chaff in matrix, the electrical conductivity EC of salt-free coconut palm chaff generally at 0.70 below mS/cm, to banana seedlings without any harmful effect.
When adopting matrix of the present invention to cultivate banana secondary seedling, tissue culture seedlings of bananas is without the need to through husky training, directly transplants in matrix.The growth of Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix of the present invention to false stem height and rugosity, the number of blade, biomass and root system that banana seedlings heels in the phase has significant effect, and its Nutrient Release meets Banana Growth, carry out single fertilization, both simple and efficient, enough appropriate nutrients can be provided again.And the kind of the high potassium film-coated controlled release fertilizer used and fertilizer efficiency period are very appropriate, can not only slow releasing nutrient, its nutrient supply feature is identical with banana secondary seedling regulation of fertilizer requirement from small to large.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
The invention discloses a kind of with peat, salt-free coconut palm chaff, garden media fertilizer for main material, coordinate and be applicable to the Banana Seedlings plantation substrate that tissue culture seedlings of bananas heels in the control released fertilizer special of phase growth, moisture capacity crosslinking agent is prepared from.Dedicated substrate both preserve moisture and fertilities heeled in by this banana, water-permeable and air permeable again, the liquid manure gas heat of matrix is coordinated, and release and release control fertilizer can ensure that banana seedlings obtains nutrient endlessly, fertilizer damage can not be caused again to burn seedling, be conducive to banana seedlings and within 30 ~ 40 days after transplanting, grow to and go out garden standard normally.
When adopting matrix of the present invention to cultivate banana secondary seedling, tissue culture seedlings of bananas is without the need to through husky training, directly transplants in matrix.The growth of Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix of the present invention to false stem height and rugosity, the number of blade, biomass and root system that banana seedlings heels in the phase has significant effect, and comparable contrast shifts to an earlier date 20 days and reaches transplanting standard.Can ensure that banana grows to the seedlings of 6 months and non-fertilizer deficiency at nutritive cube, after transplanting, obviously shorten the field growth period of banana.
Matrix (soil adds the matrix that part locality is easy to get) is commonly used with Banana Seedlings in current production practices, Banana Seedlings dedicated substrate of the present invention is drawn materials extensively (can gather materials on the spot), inexpensive, Banana Seedlings grows indifference compared with import peat growing medium, but the more simple import peat growing medium price of matrix of the present invention is lower.Use salt-free coconut palm chaff, its electrical conductivity EC is generally at 0.70 below mS/cm, and salinity meets the endurable salinity range of Banana Seedlings growth, to banana seedlings without any harmful effect.
In addition, Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix preparation and application of the present invention is simple, its Nutrient Release meets Banana Growth, kind and the fertilizer efficiency period of the high potassium film-coated controlled release fertilizer used are very appropriate, can not only slow releasing nutrient, its nutrient supply feature and banana secondary seedling regulation of fertilizer requirement from small to large coincide, carry out single fertilization, both simple and efficient, enough appropriate nutrients can be provided again, greatly can reduce the manpower and materials cost that Banana Seedlings is cultivated, and aseptic and safety, light without soil, greatly can reduce the infection of various germ.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that different substrates formula heels in the impact of phase vacation stem height to banana seedlings.
Fig. 2 is that different substrates formula heels in the impact of phase vacation stem rugosity to banana seedlings.
Fig. 3 is that different substrates formula heels in the impact of the phase number of blade to banana seedlings.
Fig. 4 is that different formulations matrix heels in the impact of phase biomass to banana seedlings.
Embodiment
Further illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment, but embodiment does not limit in any form to the present invention.Unless stated otherwise, the present invention adopts reagent, method and apparatus are the art conventional reagent, method and apparatus.
Unless stated otherwise, agents useful for same of the present invention and material are commercial.
Following examples peat used, salt-free coconut palm chaff are the commercially available prod crossed through high temperature or aseptic process, and garden media fertilizer is the marketing through high temperature nuclear reactor corruption, all through asepticize process, ensure that matrix is aseptic.
embodiment 1
Above-mentioned peat, salt-free coconut palm chaff, garden media fertilizer are crossed 5mm sieve, according to peat: salt-free coconut palm chaff: garden media fertilizer=1:3:1 mixes, for mixed-matrix, by this mixed-matrix, film-coated controlled release fertilizer, moisture capacity crosslinking agent, the ratio of in mass ratio=1:0.006:0.004 mixes, and obtains cultivating the false seedling matrix of banana.
embodiment 2
Above-mentioned peat, salt-free coconut palm chaff, garden media fertilizer are crossed 5mm sieve, according to peat: salt-free coconut palm chaff: garden media fertilizer=1:2:1 mixes, for mixed-matrix, by this mixed-matrix, film-coated controlled release fertilizer, moisture capacity crosslinking agent, the ratio of in mass ratio=1:005:0.003 mixes, and obtains cultivating the false seedling matrix of banana.
embodiment 3
Above-mentioned peat, salt-free coconut palm chaff, garden media fertilizer are crossed 5mm sieve, according to peat: salt-free coconut palm chaff: garden media fertilizer=1:3:0.5 mixes, for mixed-matrix, by this mixed-matrix, film-coated controlled release fertilizer, moisture capacity crosslinking agent, the ratio of in mass ratio=1:006:0.0035 mixes, and obtains cultivating the false seedling matrix of banana.
embodiment 4
Above-mentioned peat, salt-free coconut palm chaff, garden media fertilizer are crossed 5mm sieve, according to peat: salt-free coconut palm chaff: garden media fertilizer=1:4:2 mixes, for mixed-matrix, by this mixed-matrix, film-coated controlled release fertilizer, moisture capacity crosslinking agent, the ratio of in mass ratio=1:006:0.003 mixes, and obtains cultivating the false seedling matrix of banana.
reference examples 1
Peat, field soil (red soil) and river sand are crossed 5mm sieve, according to volume ratio by peat: field soil: river sand mixes with 0.8:6:2, then 1000 parts of mixed-matrixes add 6 parts of release and release control fertilizers and mix to obtain reference examples matrix in mass ratio.
reference examples 2
Above-mentioned peat, common coconut palm chaff, garden media fertilizer are crossed 5mm sieve, according to peat: common coconut palm chaff: garden media fertilizer=1:4:2 mixes, for mixed-matrix, by this mixed-matrix, film-coated controlled release fertilizer, moisture capacity crosslinking agent, the ratio of in mass ratio=1:006:0.003 mixes, and obtains cultivating the false seedling matrix of banana.
each embodiment and reference examples matrix are on the impact of banana seedlings above
1, the proportioning of the mixed-matrix of each embodiment and reference examples each volume components ratio is as shown in table 1, and mixed-matrix is more as shown in table 2 than proportioning with the quality of release and release control fertilizer and crosslinking agent.
The each volume components of mixed-matrix of each embodiment of table 1 and reference examples is than formula
The mass ratio formula of mixed-matrix, release and release control fertilizer, water conservation crosslinking agent in each embodiment of table 2 and reference examples
2, physicochemical property contrast
The electrical conductivity EC pH-value determination pH result of the unit weight of each embodiment Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix and reference examples matrix, total porosity, moisture holding capacity and matrix is as shown in table 3.Result shows, the unit weight of four embodiment Banana Seedlings cultivation matrixes is all significantly less than reference examples matrix, is about 1/5 of contrast; Total porosity and water-holding porosity are greater than reference examples; The acidity of matrix reduces along with the increase of peat ratio; The salinity (EC value) of matrix is all greater than reference examples 1, but its value is in the scope being suitable for Banana Growth.But the EC value of reference examples 2 is much larger than embodiment 1 ~ 4, has reached the salinity being unsuitable for Banana Growth.What its reason was that reference examples 2 applies is common coconut palm chaff, and the embodiment of the present invention 1 ~ 4 is salt-free coconut palm chaff, and particularly embodiment 4 is the same with the formula of comparative example 2, and what just embodiment 4 was applied is salt-free coconut palm chaff.
Result also shows, be suitable within the scope of the safe concentration of Banana Growth in matrix salinity, the salinity of matrix increases along with the increase of coconut palm chaff consumption, so the coconut palm chaff consumption of banana secondary seedling dedicated substrate can not be unlimited large, more common coconut palm chaff can not be selected because of low price, otherwise the growth of banana seedlings will be obviously affected.
The physical behavior of table 3 embodiment and reference examples matrix
3, on Banana Seedlings grow impact contrast
(1) banana seedlings is heeled in the impact of phase vacation stem height
Result shows as shown in Figure 1, all can obviously promote that banana grows tall according to the Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix of different formulations preparation of the present invention, shows that banana secondary seedling false stem height bacterium is obviously greater than the height of reference examples.The difference of embodiment 4 and reference examples 2 proves, all with common coconut palm chaff in matrix, will affect banana and grow tall, and by the matrix (embodiment 4) of salt-free coconut palm chaff, the EC due to matrix obviously reduces and is conducive to Banana Growth.
From accompanying drawing 1, increase gradually in the difference of fertilising latter 20 days each embodiment processed group and control group, in fertilising latter 30 days, the false stem height of each processed group is all greater than 11cm, and control group only at below 7.4cm.50 days after fertilising, the false stem height of reference examples 1 slowly reached 11cm, and the height of reference examples is still at below 10cm, and other processed group reach 24cm, and the false stem height of control group increases extremely slow.Height no significant difference between each process.
(2) banana seedlings is heeled in the impact of phase vacation stem rugosity
The result that each embodiment matrix and reference examples matrix slightly affect the false stem of banana secondary seedling as shown in Figure 2, result shows 20 days after fertilising, each processed group false stem rugosity growth rate speeds, apply fertilizer latter 30 days, the false stem rugosity of each processed group is all greater than 9 mm, and control group process is only 7 below mm.Apply fertilizer after 50 days, false stem thick average out to 15 mm of each processed group seedling, comparative example 1 is 10 mm, and comparative example 2 is 7 mm.Visible, Example formulations is significantly better than control formula, if with common coconut palm chaff in reference examples, be more unfavorable for banana stem girth growth.
(3) banana seedlings is heeled in the impact of the phase number of blade
The matrix of different ratio heels in the phase number of blade to banana seedlings also significantly to be affected, and namely matrix is different, has a strong impact on the growth rate of new pumping blade and has influence on newborn blade quantity.From accompanying drawing 3, each embodiment processed group any of several broadleaf plants seedling leaf digital display work more than comparative example, comparative example 1 be better than again comparative example 2.The 10th day after fertilising starts, and the Leaf of banana of embodiment 1 ~ 4 just obviously increases, and by the 30th day, embodiment 1 ~ 4 processed group was all greater than 5 leaves, and just reaches 6 leaves to during comparative example 1 the 50th day, ability pumping 4 leaves when comparative example 2 grows into 50 days.Comparative example 4 and comparative example 2, the former is 8 leaves in the 50th angel's pumping, the latter only 4, and difference 100%, this fully shows that the salt damage of common coconut palm chaff is the basic reason causing Banana Growth to be obstructed.
(4) banana seedlings is heeled in the impact of phase biomass
The matrix of different formulations is heeled in phase banana biomass to banana seedlings and is also had a certain impact, and as shown in Figure 4, the biomass of each embodiment is all significantly higher than contrast in pole, and gross dry weight is about 3 times of contrast.Particularly the biomass of reference examples 2 is only 23.7% of embodiment 4.
(5) on the impact of tissue culture seedlings of bananas root growth
As can be seen from Table 4, apply fertilizer latter 50 days, the root overall length of embodiment 4 processed group will be significantly higher than other process, and the root that the root overall length of embodiment will be significantly higher than reference examples is long.In addition, each embodiment Banana Seedlings root system total surface area, average root diameter, root cumulative volume are all significantly higher than reference examples.This result more directly reflects matrix and salinity thereof to the impact of Banana Growth, and matrix salinity is higher, be more unfavorable for banana on the ground and underground part grow.
In a word, by above embodiment and reference examples, particularly the analysis of embodiment 4 and the result such as reference examples 2 pairs of banana plant heights, stem thick, new the expanded leaves number of blade, root length, surface area and dry matter accumulation is visible, and matrix all obviously affects growing of Banana Seedlings with or without the salinity height of soil, matrix.The soilless substrate that the present invention adopts salt-free coconut palm chaff, peat, garden media fertilizer to prepare be prevention matrix salt also, the optimum substrate combination that promotes Banana Seedlings to grow fast.
Table 4 different formulations matrix is on the impact of tissue culture seedlings of bananas root growth
reference examples 3
In addition, the present invention is also studied experiment to the use of film-coated controlled release fertilizer and moisture capacity crosslinking agent in Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix.
1, divide into groups
(1) 1 is organized: above-mentioned peat, salt-free coconut palm chaff, garden media fertilizer are crossed 5mm sieve, according to peat: salt-free coconut palm chaff: garden media fertilizer=1:3:1 mixes, are mixed-matrix; By this mixed-matrix, moisture capacity crosslinking agent, the ratio of in mass ratio=1:004 mixes, and obtains cultivating the false seedling matrix of banana.
(2) 2 are organized: above-mentioned peat, salt-free coconut palm chaff, garden media fertilizer are crossed 5mm sieve, according to peat: salt-free coconut palm chaff: garden media fertilizer=1:3:1 mixes, are mixed-matrix; By this mixed-matrix, film-coated controlled release fertilizer, the ratio of in mass ratio=1:006 mixes, and obtains cultivating the false seedling matrix of banana.
2, with reference to method as above, the impact that mensuration group 1 and the matrix organizing 2 are grown on Banana Seedlings.
Result shows, compared with the cultivation matrix of embodiment 1, no matter the Banana Seedlings of substrate culture of group 1 and group 2 is false stem height, false stem rugosity, the 50 days new number of blade, biomasss (gross dry weight) launched afterwards, all remarkable Banana Seedlings of cultivating lower than embodiment 1.Indicate the present invention introduce in Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix film-coated controlled release fertilizer and moisture capacity crosslinking agent with the use of, to the growth of false stem height and rugosity, the number of blade, biomass and root system that banana seedlings heels in the phase, there is significant facilitation, reach good cultivation effect.
Claims (10)
1. a Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix, is characterized in that, is that according to mass ratio 1:0.003 ~ 0.008:0.003 ~ 0.005, mixed preparing forms with mixed-matrix, high potassium film-coated controlled release fertilizer and moisture capacity crosslinking agent for raw material.
2. Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described mixed-matrix be with peat, salt-free coconut palm chaff and garden media fertilizer for raw material, form according to volume ratio 1:2 ~ 4:0.5 ~ 2 mixed preparing.
3. Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described peat, salt-free coconut palm chaff and garden media fertilizer all cross 5mm sieve, and all through asepticize process.
4. Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described high potassium film-coated controlled release fertilizer is the film-coated controlled release fertilizer that the composite fertilizer containing nitrate nitrogen being 13-10-21 by nutrient analysis formula is prepared from through vegetable oil coating, and its fertilizer efficiency period is 3m ~ 5m.
5. Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described garden media fertilizer before asepticize process, also through high temperature nuclear reactor corruption process.
6. the preparation method of the arbitrary described Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix of Claims 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, step is as follows:
S1., after peat, salt-free coconut palm chaff and garden media fertilizer being crossed 5mm sieve, according to volume ratio 1:2 ~ 4:0.5 ~ 2, mix and be prepared into mixed-matrix;
S2. mixed-matrix and high potassium film-coated controlled release fertilizer, water-retaining type crosslinking agent are mixed and obtain Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix according to mass ratio 1:0.003 ~ 0.008:0.003 ~ 0.005.
7. the application of the arbitrary described Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix of Claims 1 to 5 in Banana Seedlings cultivation, it is characterized in that, tissue culture seedlings of bananas, without the need to through husky training, is washed packed tissue culture seedlings of bananas clear water off the medium of root, is directly transplanted in Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix.
8. apply according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix is only prepared before cultivation, and stock's phase is not greater than 30 days.
9. apply according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, the method for described application, the method namely utilizing the arbitrary described Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix of claim 1 ~ 5 to cultivate Banana Seedlings is:
S1. getting Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix loads in container, compacting, then the Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix adding equivalent, and moderate compacting, finally adds the Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix of 0.5 times of volume, gently press, and keeps matrix from vessel port 1.5 ~ 3cm;
S2. water 2 ~ 3 times, 80% of the water content that reaches capacity;
S3. packed tissue culture seedlings of bananas clear water is washed off the medium of root, directly transplant in Banana Seedlings cultivation matrix;
S4. transplant after banana heel in period, every day with Water spray once;
S5. after slow seedling and banana seedlings survive, with the fertilizer solution pouring of 0.1 ~ 0.2%; Described fertilizer solution is potassium film-coated controlled release fertilizer high described in claim 4.
10. apply according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, if cultivate conventional nursery stock, only need impose fertilizer once, every strain 3 ~ 5g; If cultivate super large secondary seedling, then impose fertilizer every month once, consumption be monthly every strain 5 ~ 20g, and consumption increases month by month.
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| CN109169178A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-01-11 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of apposition conch meal and gravel fill out Haiti greening dedicated substrate and preparation method thereof |
| WO2019104406A1 (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2019-06-06 | Salado William | Automatic machine and method for selling fresh coconut |
| CN111670779A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-09-18 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Banana tissue culture seedling improvement matrix and preparation method and application thereof |
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