A kind of scale moisture regulation method promoting Fructus Tsaoko to grow
Technical field
The invention belongs to Fructus Tsaoko technical field of cultivation, be specifically related to a kind of scale moisture regulation method promoting Fructus Tsaoko to grow.
Background technology
Fructus Tsaoko (Amomum
Tsaoko) belong to Zingiberaceae Amomum herbaceos perennial, it is grown in the broad-leaf forest of the torrid zone, the damp and hot concealment in subtropical zone, with Yunnan, Guangxi, the ground such as Guizhou for being mainly distributed ground, artificial culture, based on Yunnan, is distributed mainly on the 30 Yu Ge counties on the ground such as South-West Yunnan, the southern regions of the Yunnan Province, South-east of Yunnan.Fructus Tsaoko taste is unique, edible and being used as medicine, and the edible fragrance with uniqueness helps digestion and draws disorderly;Being used as medicine and have dampness warming middle-JIAO, the function of expectorant preventing the attack (or recurrence) of malaria, along with improving and healthy needs of people's living standard, the purposes of Fructus Tsaoko will be more and more wide, and consumption is also by increasing.
For many years; restriction and the moisture regulation means of climate environment are limited; the area of essentialspecies grass planting fruit all selects at forest land cheuch, streams, marshland plantation Fructus Tsaoko; this type of implantation methods is prominent by planting environment restriction; be not conducive to the large-scale planting of Fructus Tsaoko, be not the most conducive to intensive style to manage and protect and manage.Therefore; increase along with Fructus Tsaoko consumption; for meeting the vigorous market demand; it is necessary to break through traditional planting technology of Fructus Tsaoko; develop a kind of scale moisture regulation method promoting Fructus Tsaoko to grow, expand Fructus Tsaoko planting area, expand plantation space; improve plantation level, obtain more efficient Fructus Tsaoko plantation income.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of scale moisture regulation method promoting Fructus Tsaoko to grow.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, the scale moisture regulation method of described promotion Fructus Tsaoko growth, including trench digging, diversion and regulation and control operation, specifically includes:
A, trench digging: do ditch at the domatic ridging of Fructus Tsaoko planting site, make the slope control of irrigation ditch at 5 ~ 10 °, and S-type be surrounded on Fructus Tsaoko plantation row around;
B, diversion: water is caused irrigation ditch from water head site, make water along S type irrigation ditch sluggish flow;
C, regulation and control: according to rainfall and the temperature of Fructus Tsaoko planting season, be adjusted the output of irrigation ditch, dry season makes the average moisture content of Fructus Tsaoko plantation row soil control 30 ~ 40%;Forest around Fructus Tsaoko planting site is carried out delimbing, intermediate cutting simultaneously, make the canopy density of forest control 40 ~ 70%.
Scale moisture regulation method of the present invention uses the technique of artificial diversion, the canopy density offering irrigation ditch with control Fructus Tsaoko plantation row forest is around matched, and moisture supply conditions and environment to Fructus Tsaoko planting site are optimized.First, the all technical such as gradient, the degree of depth of irrigation ditch that are arranged around Fructus Tsaoko plantation row, width, adjacent two ditch center distance etc. are optimized, be conducive to more being accurately controlled the size of Fructus Tsaoko trophophase irrigation ditch discharge, the height of storage capacity, regulate soil moisture steadily, equably.Secondly, by be aided with Fructus Tsaoko Planting Row Distance and Fructus Tsaoko plant away from adjustment, make confession the requirement of whole Fructus Tsaoko planting site moisture in planting process more coordinate, rationally, may advantageously facilitate Fructus Tsaoko to moisture, effective absorption of nutrient, reduce the waste of irrigation resource.Again, the method for the invention along the optimization design of Fructus Tsaoko plantation corner, row end radius of curvature to irrigation ditch, has stationary flow, reduces curve resistance, thus reduce the effect of furrow bank erosion, reduce irrigation ditch and manage and protect cost, be more suitable for large-scale promotion application.Finally, the method of the invention the topography and geomorphology of Fructus Tsaoko planting site is selected with field around the delimbing of forest, intermediate cutting combine, the woodland ground of preferably height above sea level 1500 ~ 2100m or the other ground of woods, the canopy density of forest are controlled by delimbing, intermediate cutting, while ensureing that Fructus Tsaoko growth can obtain required sunlight, Fructus Tsaoko plant is avoided to be burnt by the sun, impact growth and output.In sum, what the method for the invention had taken into full account Fructus Tsaoko trophophase needs water feature, Fructus Tsaoko planting site irrigation system and surrounding forest shade density are regulated and controled, coordinate the moisture equilibrium of supply and demand, promoting Fructus Tsaoko growth, reduce the waste of water resource, technique is simple, easy to operate, it is simple to manage and protect on a large scale and manage.Using scale moisture regulation method of the present invention, average every mu of Fructus Tsaoko planting site improves yield 200kg than general planting method, increases income 2000 yuan, remarkable in economical benefits.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the irrigation ditch schematic diagram of scale moisture regulation method of the present invention;Wherein, 1 Fructus Tsaoko plant;2 Fructus Tsaoko plantation row;3 irrigation ditches;4 obstacles.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further illustrated below, but is any limitation as the present invention never in any form, based on the leading any conversion made of the present invention or replacement, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
The scale moisture regulation method of promotion Fructus Tsaoko of the present invention growth, including trench digging, diversion and regulation and control operation, specifically includes:
Described trench digging operation refers to do ditch at the domatic ridging of Fructus Tsaoko planting site, make the slope control of irrigation ditch at 5 ~ 10 °, and S-type be surrounded on Fructus Tsaoko plantation row around;
Described diversion operation refers to, from water head site, water is caused irrigation ditch, makes water along S type irrigation ditch sluggish flow;
Described regulation and control operation refers to the rainfall according to Fructus Tsaoko planting season and temperature, is adjusted the output of irrigation ditch, and dry season makes the average moisture content of Fructus Tsaoko plantation row soil control 30 ~ 40%;Forest around Fructus Tsaoko planting site is carried out delimbing, intermediate cutting simultaneously, make the canopy density of forest control 40 ~ 70%.
The trench digging arid hillside fields that Fructus Tsaoko planting site is height above sea level 1500 ~ 2100m described in operation or woodland/hillside fields, side.
Trench digging Fructus Tsaoko planting site described in operation is preferably the woodland/hillside fields, side of height above sea level 1500 ~ 2100m.
The line-spacing of trench digging Fructus Tsaoko plantation row described in operation is 2.5 ~ 3m, and spacing in the rows is 2.5 ~ 3m, and length is depending on plot, and adjacent rows center distance is 2.5 ~ 3m.
Trench digging irrigation ditch described in operation is 20 ~ 25cm deeply, a width of 15 ~ 20cm, and adjacent two ditch center distance are 5 ~ 7m, and the radius of curvature of the irrigation ditch being surrounded on Fructus Tsaoko plantation row end is 2.5 ~ 3m.
Trench digging Fructus Tsaoko plantation row described in operation is 0.5 ~ 2m with the spacing of irrigation ditch.
The output to irrigation described in regulation and control operation is adjusted referring to arrange at least 1 dismountable obstacle between the irrigation ditch of S type.
Regulation and control obstacle described in operation can be that sectional dimension is less than the solid shape of irrigation ditch sectional dimension and stops sheet block, it is also possible to is with the poroid of at least 1 hole or sieve-like barrier sheet or tubulose stopper.
The average moisture content of regulation and control Fructus Tsaoko plantation row soil described in operation is 35%.
The canopy density of regulation and control forest described in operation are 50%.
Embodiment
1
Test site: selecting Feng Ping town, Dehong prefecture awns city, height above sea level 1500m, the gradient plants plot at the hanger of 15 ~ 36 ° as Fructus Tsaoko.
Doing ditch at the domatic ridging of Fructus Tsaoko planting site, the line-spacing of Fructus Tsaoko plantation row is 2.5m, and spacing in the rows is 2.5m, and long depending on plot, adjacent rows center distance is 3m.The deep of the irrigation ditch offered is 20cm, a width of 20cm, adjacent two ditch center distance are 5.5 ~ 7m, make the slope control of irrigation ditch at 5 ~ 8 °, and S-type be surrounded on Fructus Tsaoko plantation row around, the radius of curvature of the irrigation ditch being surrounded on Fructus Tsaoko plantation row end is 2.5 ~ 2.8m, and Fructus Tsaoko plantation row is 0.5 ~ 1.5m with the spacing of irrigation ditch.From water head site water pipe, water is caused irrigation ditch, make water along S type irrigation ditch sluggish flow.Simultaneously, rainfall according to Fructus Tsaoko planting season and temperature, at least 1 dismountable plastic deeping is set between the irrigation ditch of S type, the output of irrigation ditch is adjusted, dry season makes the average moisture content of Fructus Tsaoko plantation row soil control 40%, by the forest around Fructus Tsaoko planting site is carried out delimbing, intermediate cutting, makes the canopy density of forest control 70%, Fructus Tsaoko plant is avoided to be burnt by the sun, impact growth and output.
Embodiment
2
Test site: select Feng Ping town, Dehong prefecture awns city, the other hillside fields of the woods of height above sea level 1700m is as Fructus Tsaoko planting site.
Doing ditch at the domatic ridging of Fructus Tsaoko planting site, the line-spacing of Fructus Tsaoko plantation row is 3m, and spacing in the rows is 3m, and long depending on plot, adjacent rows center distance is 2.5m.The deep of the irrigation ditch offered is 25cm, a width of 15cm, adjacent two ditch center distance are 5 ~ 6.5m, make the slope control of irrigation ditch at 7 ~ 10 °, and S-type be surrounded on Fructus Tsaoko plantation row around, the radius of curvature of the irrigation ditch being surrounded on Fructus Tsaoko plantation row end is 2.5 ~ 3m, and Fructus Tsaoko plantation row is 0.8 ~ 2m with the spacing of irrigation ditch.From water head site water pipe, water is caused irrigation ditch, make water along S type irrigation ditch sluggish flow.Simultaneously, rainfall according to Fructus Tsaoko planting season and temperature, at least 1 dismountable rustless steel mesh sheet is set between the irrigation ditch of S type, the output of irrigation ditch is adjusted, dry season makes the average moisture content of Fructus Tsaoko plantation row soil control 30%, by the forest around Fructus Tsaoko planting site is carried out delimbing, intermediate cutting, makes the canopy density of forest control 40%, Fructus Tsaoko plant is avoided to be burnt by the sun, impact growth and output.
Embodiment
3
Test site: selecting Feng Ping town, Dehong prefecture awns city, the arid hillside fields of height above sea level 2100m is as Fructus Tsaoko planting site.
Doing ditch at the domatic ridging of Fructus Tsaoko planting site, the line-spacing of Fructus Tsaoko plantation row is 3m, and spacing in the rows is 2.5m, and long depending on plot, adjacent rows center distance is 3m.The deep of the irrigation ditch offered is 25cm, a width of 20cm, adjacent two ditch center distance are 5 ~ 7m, make the slope control of irrigation ditch at 7 ~ 9 °, and S-type be surrounded on Fructus Tsaoko plantation row around, the radius of curvature of the irrigation ditch being surrounded on Fructus Tsaoko plantation row end is 2.7 ~ 3m, and Fructus Tsaoko plantation row is 0.6 ~ 1.8m with the spacing of irrigation ditch.From water head site water pipe, water is caused irrigation ditch, make water along S type irrigation ditch sluggish flow.Simultaneously, rainfall according to Fructus Tsaoko planting season and temperature, at least 1 dismountable plastic plate is set between the irrigation ditch of S type, the output of irrigation ditch is adjusted, dry season makes the average moisture content of Fructus Tsaoko plantation row soil control 35%, by the forest around Fructus Tsaoko planting site is carried out delimbing, intermediate cutting, makes the canopy density of forest control 55%, Fructus Tsaoko plant is avoided to be burnt by the sun, impact growth and output.