CN104424455A

CN104424455A - Interaction with RFID label subgroups complying with different protocols

Info

Publication number: CN104424455A
Application number: CN201410448707.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: S·赛伦; D·克里斯托弗
Original assignee: New Sharp Electronic Technology (suzhou) Co Ltd
Current assignee: New Sharp Electronic Technology (suzhou) Co Ltd
Priority date: 2013-09-04
Filing date: 2014-09-04
Publication date: 2015-03-18
Also published as: CN204808336U

Abstract

The embodiment relates to communication of RFID label subgroups complying with different protocols. A plurality of RFID label subgroups can share a communication layer and a state machine, but comply with different protocols. Some instructions in different communication protocols share instruction codes, and some instructions possess different instruction codes. Based on a detected instruction, if the instruction is in a specific protocol, a label complying with the protocol can receive the instruction and responds, and if the instruction is not in a specific protocol, the label refused the instruction and does not respond.

Description

With the reciprocation of the RFID label tag subgroup in accordance with different agreement

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of radio RF recognition technology, particularly relate to a kind of reader for radio frequency identification and method thereof.

Background technology

Radio frequency identification (RFID) system generally includes RFID reader, is also referred to as RFID read/write device or RFID query device, and RFID label tag.Rfid system can use the object depended on for location and identification label in many ways.Rfid system is very useful in products & services related industry, and it may be used for following the trail of article that are just processed, that make an inventory (inventoried) or process.In this case, a RFID label tag is often attached to sole product, or in its packaging.

Generally speaking, RFID technique needs use one RFID reader with one or more RFID label tag of making an inventory, and wherein make an inventory (inventorying) at least relates to simplification one label and receive an identifier from by the label of simplification." (singulated) by simplification " is defined as a reader and isolates separately a label, may be from multiple label, for a READER-TO-TAG dialogue." identifier " is defined as a numeral of the article depended on for identification label or label, a such as label identifier (TID), electronic product code (EPC), etc.Reader transmits a less radio-frequency (RF) ripple to perform inquiry.This RF ripple is typical electromagnetism, at least in far field.RF ripple near field or transitional near field can also electricity or magnetic account for leading.The one or more instruction of RF ripple codified performs one or more action with indicating label.

In typical rfid system, a RFID reader transmission one is modulated RF and to be made an inventory signal (instruction), receives a tag return, and transmits a RF confirmation signal to respond this tag return.Perceive a label of this inquiry RF ripple by passing another RF ripple back responsively.This label or originally generating this by the RF ripple passed back, or be called as in a backscattered process part being reflected back inquiry RF ripple.Backscattering can occur in many ways.

The RF ripple codified that this is reflected back is stored in the data in label, such as a numeral.This response is by reader demodulation and decode, thus identifies, counting or interact with the article associated on the contrary.This decoded data can represent a sequence number, a price, the time limit on the one, the time, a destination, an enciphered message, an electronic signature, other attributes, combination of attribute etc.Accordingly, when a reader receives label data, it can learn the article of holding this label and/or about this label self.

One RFID label tag generally includes antenna segment, radio part, power supply (power) administrative section, and also comprises a logical gate, a storer usually, or both all have.In some RFID label tag, power management section comprises energy storing device, as a battery.Radio frequency label with energy storing device is called as that battery is assisted, half active or active tag.The radiofrequency signal that other RFID label tag can only be received by it drives.This kind of RFID label tag does not have energy storing device, is called as passive label.Certainly, even if passive label also comprises temporary energy storage element and information/tag storage element usually, as electric capacity or inductance.

Summary of the invention

Content of the present invention is provided to introduce some concepts in simplified form, and these simplify concept and are elaborated in the embodiment below further.This summary of the invention is also not inclined to the essential features determining key feature or claimed theme, is also not inclined to help and determines the claimed scope of claim.

Specific embodiment is for the communication from the RFID subgroup in accordance with different communications protocol.Multiple RFID label tag subgroup can be shared identical Communication Layer and also observe the state machine (state machine) of different communications protocol.With some instructions, there is different instruction code at some instruction shared instruction codes of different communications protocol.Based on detecting an instruction, the label in accordance with a specific protocol can accept this instruction and respond when this instruction is in this agreement, and the instruction that can detect at this not in this agreement time refuse this instruction and do not respond.

In certain embodiments, some instructions in different communications protocol can be different in other characteristics, and such as instruction length or error detector code generate.In these specific embodiments, a label in accordance with a specific protocol can accept to have the instruction that one of the characteristic corresponding to instruction in specific protocol receives, if have one or more characteristic not corresponding to instruction in specific protocol with the instruction that this receives, then this label can refuse this instruction received.

By reading detailed description below and viewing relevant drawings, these and other feature and advantage will be apparent.Be understandable that, generality above describes and detailed description is below not only restriction to claimed part for explaining.

Embodiment

In illustrating below, involved accompanying drawing is a part herein, and is demonstrated by the mode illustrating specific embodiment or example at this.These specific embodiments or example can be grouped together, and other aspects also can be utilized, and also may make structural change when not deviating from the spirit and scope of this exposure.Therefore, following illustrating should not be taken as restriction, and scope of the present invention is defined by claims and being equal to.

As used herein, " storer " is ROM, RAM, static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), non-volatilely recall storer (NVM), electrically erasable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory (FLASH), fuse storer (Fuse), magnetic RAM (MRAM), the one in ferroelectric memory (FRAM) and other similar information memory technology known to art technology art.A part for storer is writeable, and a part is not then." agreement " represents that one for the industrial standard of communication (vice versa) between reader and label, as provided by EPCglobal company (second generation instructions (specification)), carry out the 1st rank 2nd generation ultrahigh frequency RFID agreement (the Class-1 Generation-2 UHF RFID Protocol forCommunications at 860 MHz – 960 MHz by EPCglobal that communicates at 860MHz-960MHz, Inc), its 1.2.0 version and 2.0 editions are incorporated to herein by reference.

One " instruction (command) " used herein refers to the request to perform one or more action to a label, and comprises the one or more instructions prior to an order code.One " instruction (instruction) " refers to the request (such as by writing data into memory) to perform single clear and definite action to a label.One " program (program) " refers to the request (such as, read a numerical value from storer, if when the numerical value of this reading is less than a threshold values, then lock a memory word) to perform a group or a series of instruction to a label.As an example, " selecting (select) " is an instruction of Gen2 instructions, and its order code is 1010 bit strings.One selection instruction selects a specific label group based on the self-defining criterion of user, realizes union (U) based on label subregion, occurs simultaneously (∩), and logic NOT (~).As another example, one " inquiry " is an instruction of Gen2 instructions (Gen2 Specification), and for starting circulation of making an inventory, within it a reader simplification label also receives their EPC one at a time.One reader stops this circulation of making an inventory by transmission one inquiry instruction subsequently (it also starts a new circulation of making an inventory) or a selection instruction.After circulation is made an inventory in beginning one, a reader alternately sends inquiry adjustment and inquiry repetitive instruction, and these are variants of inquiry instruction, and one continues simplification label.Although inquiry/inquiry adjustment/inquiry repetitive instruction is specific to Gen2 instructions, other " inquiring similar " instruction for tag singulation (such as, can by EPCglobal or other standard body or even proprietary protocol introduce) same or similar function can be performed.

Fig. 1 is the block diagram of an exemplary RFID system 100, in conjunction with specific embodiments.One RFID reader 110 transmits an inquiry radio frequency signal 112.RFID label tag 120 near RFID reader 120 senses inquiry radio frequency signal 112, and produces signal 126 as response.RFID reader 110 is responded to and decoded signal 126.Signal 112 and signal 126 can comprise less radio-frequency ripple and/or non-propagating radio frequency signal (such as, passive near-field signals).

Reader 110 is communicated with signal 126 by signal 112 with label 120.When communication, each party encodes, modulates and transmit data to the opposing party, and each party receives from the opposing party, demodulation, and decoded data.Data can by less radio-frequency waveform modulated and demodulation.Less radio-frequency waveform usually a suitable frequency range, as about about 900Mhz, 13.56Mhz, etc.

By symbol (symbol) communication between reader and label, also referred to as RFID symbol.A symbol can be a delimiter (delimiter), a calibration value, etc.If necessary, symbol can realize binary message exchange, as " 0 " and " 1 ".When symbol is processed out-of-date by reader 110 and label 120, they can be taken as numerical value, numeral, etc.

Label 120 can be a passive label, or one initiatively or battery assisted tag (such as, a label with oneself power supply source).When label 120 is passive labels, it provides power supply (electric power) by signal 112.

Fig. 2 is the diagram of a RFID label tag 220.Label 220 can run as label in Fig. 1 120.Label 220 is drawn into a passive label, means that it does not have oneself power supply source.But the major part described in this document, is also applicable to initiatively and battery assisted tag.

Label 220 usually (although be not must) is formed on a plane inlay (inlay) 222, and this inlay 222 can multiple method known in the art be made.Label 220 comprises a circuit, and this circuit can be applied to integrated circuit 224.In certain embodiments, integrated circuit 224 is used to complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) (CMOS) technology.In other specific embodiment, integrated circuit 224 can be used in other technologies, as bipolar junction transistor (BJT) technology, metal-semiconductor field effect transistor (MESFET) technology, and the technology known to other art personnel.Integrated circuit 224 is positioned on inlay 222.

Label 220 also comprises an antenna to exchange wireless signal with its external environment.This antenna is generally flat and is attached to inlay 222.Integrated circuit 224 is electrically coupled to antenna by suitable sky linear contact lay (being not shown in Fig. 2)." electric coupling " used herein one word may represent that one is directly electrically connected, or the connection comprising one or more intervention electricity Lu Kuai Yuan Jian equipment may be represented." electricity " of " electric coupling " used herein in word refer in this document one or more ohm/electric current, electric capacity, and/or inductance.Similar, " electric isolution " used herein refers to the electric coupling not occurring one or more type (such as, electric current, electric capacity, and/or induction), at least in scope as much as possible.Such as, between the element of mutual electric isolution, mutual electric current ground is isolated, capacitively isolated, and/or electro-induction ground is isolated.Certainly, will there are some inevitable stray electrical usually perhaps inductively between electric isolating part, but the object of isolation is when compared with an electric coupling path, minimizes these and be spuiously coupled to an insignificant level.

The integrated circuit 224 of display has single antenna port, comprises two sky linear contact lay and is electrically connected on two antenna segment 227 and defines dipole.Other specific embodiments many may use any amount of port, contact, antenna, and/or antenna segment.

Figure 25 0 describes vertical view and the side view of label 252, and it uses tape to be formed.Label 252 is different from label 220, because it comprises the plane tape substrate 254 that has tape contact 256 and 258.Integrated circuit 224 is assembled on tape substrate 254, thus the sky linear contact lay on integrated circuit 224 is electrically coupled to tape contact 256 and 258 by suitable connection (not display).Then tape substrate 254 is positioned on inlay 222 thus tape contact 256 and 258 is electrically coupled to wire segment 226 and 228.Tape substrate 254 can by pressing, an interface layer, one or more bonding agents, or other suitable modes and be fixed in inlay 222.

Figure 26 0 describes the side view of a kind of alternative tape substrate 254 being placed in inlay 222.It is not towards the surface of inlay 222 that the surface of tape substrate 254 comprises tape contact 256/258, but tape substrate 254 is placed on the surface making its tape contact 256/258 inlay 222 dorsad.Then tape contact 256/258 can be coupled in antenna segment 226/228 by by tape substrate 254 is capacitive, or use a penetrating via electric conductivity be coupled in antenna segment 226/228, wherein this penetrating via is formed by tape being contacted 256/258 crimping.In certain embodiments, the position of tape substrate 254 and inlay 222 may be contrary, and wherein tape substrate 254 is assemblied in inlay 222 and contacts under 256/258 with tape, and is electrically coupled to antenna segment 226/228 by inlay 222.Certainly, in other specific embodiment, tape contact 256/258 can be electrically coupled to a line segment 226/228 by both inlay 222 and tape substrate 254.

Be in operation, antenna receiving signal, and be sent to integrated circuit 224, like this, based on the internal state of input signal and integrated circuit, in appropriate circumstances can produce power and response simultaneously.If integrated circuit 224 uses backscattered modulation, then it is responded than conduct by modulation antenna-reflected.Reflectance produces response signal 126, and this signal carrys out the signal 112 that free reader transmits.Because the sky linear contact lay of electric coupling and decoupling zero integrated circuit 224 can change entering of the parallel circuit elements being coupled in day linear contact lay, thus the reflectance of antenna can be modulated.The resistance changing a series connection circuit component is the method for another kind of modulation antenna-reflected ratio.

In the specific embodiment of Fig. 2, antenna segment 226 and 228 is what to separate with integrated circuit 224.In other specific embodiment, antenna segment can be selected to be formed on integrated circuit 224.According to specific embodiment, label antenna can be designed to any form and be not limited to dipole antenna.Such as, label antenna may be a spot, a groove, a ring, a coil, an angle, spiral, a microstrip, electrolyte strip tape or any other suitable antenna.

In Fig. 1, the parts of rfid system can be intercomed mutually to permit various modes.Wherein a kind of such pattern is called as full-duplex mode.Another kind of such pattern is called as semiduplex mode, can be introduced below to this.

Fig. 3 is a concept Figure 30 0, and for the half-duplex operation in key drawing 1 between rfid system parts, in that case, the passive label 220 that label 120 is taken as in Fig. 2 is applied.This explanation is carried out according to time shaft, and " says " and " listening " according to the form of personification.The present actual techniques that will describe " listening " and " saying " realizes.

RFID reader 110 and RFID label tag 120 are mutually mediated a settlement in turn and are listened.As shown in time shaft, when reader 110 is said to label 120, this conversational communication is decided to be " RT ", and when label 120 is said to reader 110, this conversational communication is decided to be " TR ".Along time shaft, during a RT conversational communication example occurs in the time interval 312, during a following TR conversational communication example occurs in the time interval 326.Certainly, the duration at usual interval 312 is different from interval 326, and the duration approximately equal herein shown just for illustrative purposes.

According to block 332 and 336, RFID reader 110 is said during interval 312, and listens during interval 326.According to block 342 and 346, RFID label tag 120 tins and reader 110 says (during interval 312), and RFID label tag 120 is said and reader 110 tins (during interval 326).

In agenda, during interval 312 subsequently, reader 110 is said to label 120 (listening).According to block diagram 352, reader 110 sends signal 112, and it is be described in FIG first.Meanwhile, according to block diagram 362, label 120 Received signal strength 112 is also processed to extract data etc.Meanwhile, according to block diagram 372, label 120 does not form backscattering with its antenna, and according to block diagram 382, reader 110 can not receive from the signal of label 120.

During interval 326, label 120 is said subsequently to reader 110 (listening).According to block diagram 356, reader 110 sends continuous wave (CW) signal, and it can not compiled the carrier of information usually as one.This CW signal is used to transmit energy to label 120 for himself interval power supply requirement, and also regarded a carrier, label 120 can be modulated in its backscattering simultaneously.In fact, during interval 326, according to block diagram 366, label 120 do not have receive for the treatment of signal.On the contrary, according to block diagram 376, label 120 according to the CW of block diagram 356 modulate emission thus produce back-scattered signal 126. meanwhile, according to block diagram 386, reader 110 receives and processes back-scattered signal 126.

Fig. 4 is a block diagram, which show the details of a RFID integrated circuit, the circuit 424 in the integrated circuit 224, Fig. 4 in such as Fig. 2, and it may be formed at the integrated circuit of the RFID label tag of the label 220 in such as Fig. 2.Circuit 424 has some to have described critical piece within this document.From diagram and description, known circuit 424 can have some optional features, or different parts, and this depends on concrete performance.

Circuit 424 illustrates and is suitable for two sky linear contact lay 432,433, and it is suitable for being coupled to antenna segment, the fragment 227 of RFID label tag 220 in such as Fig. 2.When two sky linear contact lay formation signal inputs or signal are back to antenna, they are usually taken as an antenna port and are related to.It linear contact lay 432,433 may be made by the mode that other are applicable to, as sheet metal, etc.In certain embodiments, circuit 424 uses more than two sky linear contact lay, particularly when label 220 has more than one antenna port and/or more than one antenna.

Circuit 424 comprises signal path part 435, and this path sections 435 may comprise signal wire, signal path bus, receives/transmit switch, etc., thus the parts of circuit 424 can be sent a signal to by route.In certain embodiments, IC contacts 432/433 electric current ground or is capacitively coupled in signal-route segment 435.In other specific embodiments (than as shown in Figure 4), circuit 424 comprises selectable capacitance device 436 and/or 438, its if there is, then capacitively IC contact 432/433 is coupled in signal-route segment 435.This capacitive coupling causes IC to contact 432/433 by capacitively decoupling zero from signal-route segment 435 and other circuit blocks.

IC capacitive coupling (with the Current Decoupling of making a concerted effort) between IC contact 432 and/or 433 and circuit 424 parts under specific circumstances time needs.Such as, in some RFID label tag specific embodiments, IC contact 432 and 433 is capacitively connected to the terminal of the resonant tank on label.In this case, IC is capacitively contacted 432 decoupling zeros from IC contact 433 by capacitor 4336 and/or 438, is therefore prevented between IC contact by resonant tank with the formation of short circuit.

Capacitor 436/438 can perform in circuit 424, and/or partially or even wholly outside circuit 424.Such as, the dielectric layer on the surface of the circuit 424 comprised at IC or insulation course can be used as the dielectric in capacitor 436 and/or capacitor 438.As another example, the dielectric layer on a label substrate (such as, inlay 222 or belt base plate 254) surface or insulation course can be used as the dielectric in capacitor 436/438.Be placed in the terminal that metal level on dielectric layer two sides or conductive layer (such as between dielectric layer and IC, and between dielectric layer and label substrate) then can be used as capacitor 436/438.This conductive layer can comprise IC contact (such as IC contact 432/433), antenna segment (such as antenna segment 226/228), or any other suitable conductive layer.

Circuit 424 also comprises a rectifier and PMU (Power Management Unit, electric power controller) 441, this PMU obtain from the RF signal received by antenna 227 energy with reader to label (RT) and/or label to one of reader (TR) or during both for the circuit of integrated circuit 424 provides power supply.Rectifier and PMU 441 may realize in any mode known in the art.

Circuit 424 also comprises the RF signal that a detuner 442 receives from sky linear contact lay 432,433 with demodulation.Detuner 442 may realize in any mode known in the art, such as comprises a limiter, an amplifier, etc.

Circuit 424 comprises a processing block 444 further and comes from the output of detuner 442 with reception and perform such as command decode, stores and waits operation alternately.In addition, processing block 444 may produce an output signal for transmitting.Processing block 444 may realize in any mode known in the art, as by the combination of one or more processor, storer, demoder, scrambler, etc.

Circuit 424 also comprises a modulator 446 to modulate the output signal produced by processing block 444.The signal of this modulation is transmitted by driven antenna contact 432,433, and therefore drives load by one or more coupled antenna sheet.Modulator 446 may realize in any mode that art is known, such as comprises a switch, driver, amplifier etc.

In a specific embodiment, detuner 442 and modulator 446 may be combined in a single transceiver circuit.In another specific embodiment, modulator 446 may use backscattered modulation signal.In another specific embodiment, modulator 446 may comprise an initiatively forwarder.In other specific embodiment, detuner 442 and modulator 446 may be a part for processing block 444.

Circuit 424 also comprises a storer 450 in addition to store data 452.Preferably being embodied as at least partially of storer 450 non-volatilely recalls storer (NVM), even if this means that data 452 also can be retained when circuit 424 does not have electric time (this kind of situation often appears in passive RFID label tag).

In certain embodiments, particularly have in the specific embodiment of more than one antenna port at those, circuit 424 may comprise multiple detuner, rectifier, PMU, modulator, processing block, and/or storer.

When processing signals, circuit 424 has different operations during RT He during TR.Described different operating will be described below, and herein, circuit 424 represents an integrated circuit of RFID label tag.

Fig. 5 A illustrates the 524-A version of the parts of circuit 424 in Fig. 4, improves to emphasize the signal operation in Fig. 3 during the time interval 312 period RT further.The RF signal that detuner 442 demodulation receives from sky linear contact lay 432,433.This demodulated signal with C_IN for the treatment of block 444.Wherein in a specific embodiment, C_IN may comprise the symbol of a succession of reception.

524-A version Relative Fuzzy illustrate the inoperative parts of those processing signals during RT.Rectifier and PMU441 may be initiatively, such as transforming RF power supply.Modulator 446 is usual not transmission signal during RT, and usually do not interact significantly with the RF signal received, also because switch 435 parts in Fig. 4, modulator 446 is coupled with RF signal solution, or because by design modulator 446 to have a suitable impedance, etc.

Although modulator 446 is inertia during a RT usually, it is not necessarily.Such as, during a RT, modulator 446 can adjust the use of the operation after himself parameter is thought, etc.

Fig. 5 B illustrates the 524-B version of the parts of circuit 424 in Fig. 4, improves to emphasize the signal operation in during period one in the time interval 326 TR of Fig. 3 further.Processing block 444 exports a signal C_OUT.In a specific embodiment, C_OUT may comprise a series of symbol for transmitting.Then modulator 446 is modulated C_OUT and is provided it to the fragment 226/228 of antenna segment such as RFID label tag 220 by sky linear contact lay 432,433.

524-B version Relative Fuzzy illustrate the inoperative parts of those processing signals during TR.Rectifier and PMU441 may be initiatively, such as transforming RF power supply.Detuner 442 is usual not Received signal strength during TR, and usually do not interact significantly with the RF signal transmitted, because 435 parts are in the diagram by the transformation of modulator 446 from the decoupling of RF signal, or because by design detuner 442 to have a suitable impedance, etc.

Although detuner 442 is inertia during a TR usually, it is not necessarily.Such as, during a TR, detuner 442 can adjust the use of the operation after himself parameter is thought, etc.

In typical specific embodiment, detuner 442 and modulator 446 are exercisable to be in harmonious proportion modulation signal, the such as above-mentioned Gen2 instructions quoted according to an agreement solution.In certain embodiments, circuit 424 comprises multiple detuner and/or modulator, and each being configured to supports different agreements or combination of protocols.A protocol specification, to a certain extent, symbolic coding, may comprise a series of modulation, ratio, time controling, or other any parameters relevant with data communication.In addition, an agreement can be the variant of instructions of a regulation of such as Gen2 instructions and so on, such as relatively regulation instructions require to include less or additional instruction, etc.In this example, extra-instruction is referred to as custom instruction sometimes.

Fig. 6 is a block diagram of the RFID reader system 600 according to specific embodiment.RFID reader system 600 comprises a localized mass 610, and optional distal component 670.This localized mass 610 and distal component 670 can perform in many ways.Can by cognition to, if distal component 670 is not provided, then the RFID reader 110 in Fig. 1 is the same with localized mass 610.Or RFID reader 110 can be performed by RFID reader system 600, localized mass 610 is wherein only had to be shown in Fig. 1.

Localized mass 610 is responsible for and label communication.Localized mass 610 comprise one piece 651 of an antenna and a driver of this antenna for label communication.Some readers, shown in localized mass 610, comprise a single antenna and driver.Some readers comprise the method for multiple antenna and driver and switching signal in-between, sometimes comprise the not identical antenna of use for transmitting and receiving.Some readers comprise multiple antenna that can simultaneously run and driver.The back scattering wave that one demodulator/decoder block 653 demodulation code is received by antenna/driver block 651.Modulator/encoder block 654 is encoded and is modulated the RF ripple being passed to label by antenna/driver 651.

Localized mass 610 also comprises an optional local processor 656.Local processor 656 can perform by various ways known in the art.These modes comprise, and are for example not limited to, numeral and/or analog processor, such as microprocessor and numeral-signal processor (DSP); Controller, such as microprocessor; At a machine, a such as multi-purpose computer, the software of interior operation; Programmable circuit, such as field programmable gate array (FPGA), field programmable analog array (FPAA), any combination of these modes one or more; Etc..In some cases, some or all decoding functions in block 653, the encoding function in block 654, or both, can be performed by local processor 656.In some cases, these functions one or more can be distributed in other blocks, such as encoding block 654, or can be fully incorporated to another block.

Localized mass 610 also comprises an optional local storage 657.Local storage 657 can perform by various ways known in the art, comprises, is for example not limited to, any above-mentioned type of memory and combination in any thereof.Local storage 657 can depart from local processor 656 and be performed individually, or performs in the IC that has a local processor 656, and this IC can have or not have other assembly.Local storage 657, if be provided, can store the program run for local processor 656 when needed.

In certain embodiments, local storage 657 stores the data from tag reader, or is written into the data of label, such as electronic product code (EPC), label identifier (TID) and other data.Local storage 657 also can comprise the reference data for contrasting with EPC, for how being instruction and/or the rule of label coding instruction, for the pattern of control antenna 651, and key, double secret key, etc.In certain embodiments, local storage is provided as a database.

Some parts of localized mass 610 usually using data as simulation, such as antenna/driver block 651.Other parts, such as local storage 657 usually using data as numeral.At certain a moment, there is the conversion between simulation and numeral.Where occur in based on this conversion, a reader can be characterized as being " simulation " or " numeral ", but most reader comprises the mixing of an analog-and digital-function.

If distal component 670 is provided really, they will be coupled in localized mass 610 by an electronic communications network (ECN) 680.Network 680 can be a LAN (Local Area Network) (LAN), a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) (MAN), a wide area network (WAN), the one of the network of such as internet etc., or local communication link, such as a USB, a PCI, etc.Localized mass 610 can comprise one LAN (Local Area Network) connect 659 for communication network 680 communication.Communication on network may be safe, if such as they are encrypted or physically protected, or unsafe, if they do not have encryption or protected.

If it is more than one to have one or more distal component 670., they can be placed in same position, or diverse location.They are by communication network 680, or by other similar network etc., mutually enter or enter local block 610.Accordingly, distal component 670 can use respective far-end network to connect.Only have a this far-end network to connect 679 to be shown, itself and LAN (Local Area Network) 659 etc. are similar.

Distal component 670 also can comprise a remote processor 676.Remote processor 676 is made by any mode known in the art, such as relates to the description of local processor 656.Remote processor 676 also can perform an authentication function, is similar to local processor 656.

Distal component 670 also can comprise a distant memory 677.Distant memory 677 is made by any mode known in the art, such as relates to the description of local storage 657.Distant memory 677 can comprise a local data bank, and a disparate databases of a normal structure, such as can quote a database of EPC.Distant memory 677 also can comprise and instruction, label, archives, key and the similar information be associated thereof, similar with local storage 657.

Above-mentioned element, considers that the combination of these parts is favourable, is decided to be the processing block 690 of running.The processing block 690 of running comprises those parts provided below: local processor 656, remote processor 676, LAN (Local Area Network) connects 659, and far-end network connects 679, and that comes with amplification is connected 679 in an applying portion of the communication network 680 of localized network connection 659 link by far-end network.This part can be dynamic change, etc.In addition, the processing block 690 of running can receive the decode the RF ripple received by antenna/driver 651, and causes the delivery of content RF ripple of antenna/driver 651 handled by it.

The process fast 690 of running comprises local processor 656, or remote processor, or comprises both.If both are all provided, remote processor 676 can be manufactured, thus it is to run with the mode of local processor 656 complementation.In fact, both can cooperate with each other.Preferably, the processing block 690 of the running that this mode defines, with local storage 657 and distant memory 677 communication, if both all exist.

Accordingly, the processing block 690 of running be position independently, its function is by local processor 656 thus, or remote processor, or both combinations and being performed.Some of them in these functions perform preferably by local processor 656, and some perform preferably by remote processor.The processing block 690 of running enters local storage, or distant memory 677, or both, for storing and/or seizing data.

RFID reader system 600 is operated by the processing block 690 operated, to generate the communication for RFID label tag.These communications are finally transmitted by antenna/drive block 651, and meanwhile, modulator/demodulator block 654 separates the information be in harmonious proportion on modulation one RF ripple.Then data are received from label by antenna/driver block 651, the demodulated and decoding by demodulator/decoder block 653, and are processed by the processing block 690 of running.

The specific embodiment of one RFID reader system can be performed as hardware, software, firmware and combination in any thereof.Such system is subdivided into parts in consideration or module is favourable.Those skilled in the art will be cognitive to some the be performed as hardware in these parts or module, and some are performed as software, and some are performed as firmware, and some are performed as a combination.One example of this scene will be described now, together with the RFID label tag as an accessory module.

Fig. 7 is a block diagram, illustrates an integral frame of the rfid system 700 according to specific embodiment.Rfid system 700 can be subdivided into module or parts, and these modules each or parts are performed by himself or mutual combination.In addition, some in them may occur more than once.Other specific embodiment can be subdivided into different modules equably.Some aspects of Fig. 7 and aforesaid system, module, and component parallel.

One RFID label tag 703 himself is used as a module herein.RFID label tag 703 carries out wireless telecommunications 706 by air interface (airinterface) 705 and remaining parts.Air interface 705 is just genuine wiring, does not lie in will be delivered to another things from a things through its signal or data.About the explanation between reader and label being how mutually communication, such as Gen2 instructions, also suitably this boundary of characterization as interface.

Rfid system 700 comprises one or more reader antenna 710, and a RF front-end module 720, for reader antenna 710 communication.It can above-mentioned mode be made.

Rfid system 700 also comprises one signal-processing module 730.In certain embodiments, signal-processing module 730 and RF front-end module 720 exchange waveform, such as I and Q waveform pair.

Rfid system 700 also comprises one physics-Drive Module 740, and it is also called data-link module.In certain embodiments, physics-Drive Module 740 and signal-processing module 730 exchange numerical digit.Physics-Drive Module 740 can be the platform be associated with construction data.

Rfid system 700 also comprises media and enters control module 750. in certain embodiments, and media enter key-course module 750 and phisical drive module 740 exchange data packets.Media enter key-course module 750 and can make decision for shared wireless communication medium, are air interface in this case.

Rfid system 700 also comprises one application-routine library-module 760, and this module 760 can comprise application programming interface (API), other object etc.

All rfid system functions can be supported by one or more processor.One of them be taken as primary processor of these processors.Such primary processor should comprise a master operating system (OS) and/or central processing unit (CPU), such as in module 770.In certain embodiments, processor is not taken as an independent module, but comprises the module of some above-mentioned modules of rfid system 700.In certain embodiments, one or more processor can perform the operation relevant with seizing data, and these data can comprise an open label key, an electronic signature, a label identifier, an item descriptors, and/or the public-key cryptography of authorization to sign.In certain embodiments, one or more processor can verify an electronic signature, creates a label challenge, and/or the response of checking one label.

Subscriber Interface Module SIM 780 can be coupled in application-library module 760, for entering API.Subscriber Interface Module SIM 780 can be artificial, automatically, or has both concurrently.It can by above-mentioned main OS/CPU module 770, or an independently support such as processor.

Will be observed, module generation one chain of rfid system 700.Adjacent block in this chain is coupled by suitable means to exchange signal.These means comprise conductor, bus, interface, etc.These means can be local, such as, connect physically adjacent module, or by a networking, for telecommunication.

This chain is used to receive RFID waveform with a direction and is used to transmit RFID waveform with other direction.In a receive mode, reader antenna 710 receives wireless wave, and it is processed successively by the multiple modules in chain.Process can end at any one module.In transfer mode, waveform can start in any one module.Finally, signal is passed to reader antenna 710 to be taken as wireless wave transmission by route.

The structure of rfid system 700 is shown the use thinking example, and does not lie in restriction.Particularly, be subdivided into module not need to followed by manufacture specific embodiment.In addition, the feature of this exposure in a single module, or can perform in one combination.

As previously mentioned, specific embodiment is the communication for the subset using different instruction codes and RFID label tag group.Specific embodiment also comprises program, and the method for working procedure.One program can be defined as the operation of one group of step or guiding one expected results usually, and this depends on the attribute of the element in step and sequence thereof.One program is performed as series of steps or the operation of a processor usually, but also at other treatment elements, such as, can be performed in FPGA, DSP or other the said equipment.

Perform the step of a program, instruction, or action need controls physical quantity.Usually, although be not necessary, these physical quantitys can be transferred, and merge, contrast, or are manipulated according to step or instruction or process on the contrary, and they also can be stored in a computer-readable medium.This tittle comprises, such as, and electricity, magnetic, and Electromagnetic Charge or particle, the state of material, more generally, can comprise the state of any physical equipment or element.This is easily sometimes, and mainly in view of general reason, by the information of the status representative of these physical quantitys with numerical digit, data bit, sample, numerical value, symbol, characteristic, item, digital and similar form is mentioned.But need to remember, all these and similar item thereof are associated with suitable physical quantity, and these items are only the convenient label being applied to these physical quantitys, independent or in groups.

Specific embodiment comprises storage medium further.These media, independent or with other combination, will indicate, data, key, in signature and other data according to a program of preferred embodiment manufacture are stored in.A storage medium according to preferred embodiment is a computer readable medium, such as a storer, and is read by a processor of the above-mentioned type.If a storer, it can perform in many ways, such as ROM (read-only memory) (ROM), random access memory (RAM), etc., some of them are volatibility, and some are non-volatile.

Although program can be stored in a computer readable medium, can being clear that it needs by affiliated art is a single storer, or an even single machine.Its multiple part, module or characteristic can be present in independent storer, or even independent machine.This independent machine can directly be connected, or is connected by a global network of such as a network of a local accesses network (LAN) or such as internet.

Usually, just to conveniently, need software is performed and is described as a program.This software can be single, or draw from the item of multiple interconnective different software module.

Fig. 8 is a chart of the READER COMMAND according to some specific embodiments.Chart 800 describes reader (such as interrogator) instruction in accordance with 2.0 versions of above-mentioned Gen2 instructions.Each READER COMMAND of observing Gen2 has an associated instructions code, is listed in the second hurdle of chart 800, and it makes instruction consistent with the RFID label tag observing Gen2 receiving this instruction.Instruction code in accordance with Gen2 can be 2,4,6,8 or 16 bit lengths.In accordance with the RFID label tag code of Gen2, comprise the field that and instruction is associated, size, performance, label instruction etc.When such label receive one observe the instruction of Gen2 time, the instruction code that its detection and instruction is associated.Based on the instruction code that this detects, label can be determined the ensuing field of instruction and perform the instruction that and instruction is associated.

Instructions in accordance with Gen2 provides certain selection instruction observing Gen2, such as selects or inquiry instruction, for being chosen as different subsets or the subgroup of an interactional particular RFID tag group.One reader specifies specific label subgroup to be selected by clearly one or more parameter in selection instruction.Such as, a reader can specify a specific label value of statistical indicant in selection instruction or tag ram value, thus selects the label with this special sign value or tag ram value.Selection instruction also can cause reception label to change one or more value of statistical indicant.Such as, a label performs a session mark can change this session mark value based on the available selection instruction of reception one.

In certain embodiments, it is useful for having other modes distinguishing different label subgroup.In certain embodiments, different instruction codes, different instruction lengths, and/or the mode of different Shanghai error correction code can be used to distinguish different label subgroups.Such as, in accordance with one first agreement (such as, Gen2 instructions) an instruction, a specific instruction code may be had, a specific instruction length, and with an error correcting of an ad hoc fashion calculating (such as, use a special algorithm, generator polynomial, and/or preset), all these are all described in detail in the first agreement.Then a label in accordance with the first agreement can use these specific attributes to determine instruction.Such as, label can determine that whether this instruction code in this instruction is corresponding with the instruction code in the first agreement, whether instruction length is corresponding with the length illustrated in the first agreement, and/or whether the error detector code in instruction is as illustrating by correct calculating in the first agreement.Based on qualification, label is then by decoding the instruction and the process that are contained in instruction or perform this decoding instruction and accept this instruction.

If instruction has different instruction codes, instruction length, or the error detector code corresponding and not corresponding with a second protocol with the first agreement, then this instruction does not observe the first agreement.Thus, the label in accordance with the first agreement will not approve this instruction and will refuse (such as, by determine this instruction not after identifiable design not in the instruction of continuation demodulate/decode, or pass through continuation demodulate/decode but abandon this instruction subsequently).On the other hand, a label of beast training second protocol can determine that this instruction has an instruction code corresponding to second protocol, instruction length, and error detector code, and can accept and respond this instruction.Thus, a reader can distinguish the subgroup of label, and each subgroup is configured to observe a different agreement.

In certain embodiments, two different agreements can share same order property.Such as, this two agreement can specify a command status machine, for enumerate permissible mode of operation and for observe an agreement label different conditions between transformation.This two agreement also (or instead) can specify a command communication layer, and it describes frequency in detail, timing, modulation, and/or arranges other parameter of message between reader and the label of abiding by the agreement of abiding by the agreement.Such as, one Communication Layer can specify a specific modulation scheme (such as, amplitude-shift keying or ASK, phase place-shift keying or PSK), data are modulated to an ad hoc fashion (such as, pulse-space coding or PIE, biphase space or the FM0 coding on a waveform, and/or Miller code), and/or represent the symbol that a particular message starts and terminates.

Fig. 9 is a chart of the instruction code for different agreement according to preferred embodiment.Chart 900 describes a subset of the READER COMMAND being positioned at the first hurdle and is positioned at the corresponding instruction code of observing Gen2 instructions on the second hurdle.Such as, the selection instruction in accordance with Gen2 has an instruction code " 1010 ", and the inquiry adjustment instruction in accordance with Gen2 has instruction code " 1001 ", and the inquiry instruction in accordance with Gen2 has instruction code " 1000 ".Chart 900 also comprises a third column, which depict the replacement instruction code of the version for revising READER COMMAND in the first hurdle.The replacement instruction code word of this description is similar to the instruction code in accordance with Gen2, except the numerical digit " 1 " increased after first three numerical digit.Thus, replacement instruction code is 5-position code instead of the 4-position code of observing Gen2.Such as, an amended selection instruction has instruction code " 10110 ", and an amended inquiry adjustment instruction has instruction code " 10011 ", and an amended inquiry instruction has instruction code " 10010 ".

Although the replacement instruction code described is the 5-position code formed by increasing a numerical digit " 1 " after first three numerical digit of instruction code observing Gen2, in some other specific embodiment, more numerical digit " 0 " or " 1 " can be added at other position.Such as, a replacement instruction code can from one observe the instruction code (there are 2,4,6,8 or 16 numerical digits) of Gen2 add one or more have in the annex numerical digit of a value " 0 " or " 1 " formed.The quantity of additional numerical digit, their value, and/or can be conflicted mutually by the instruction code selecting to prevent with observing Gen2 in their position.In fact modify instruction code can manufacture a different agreement, although it shares the similar function and structure of some and Gen2 instructions.

Figure 10 describes the structure for the not select command of same protocol according to some specific embodiments.Diagram 1000 describes one and observes Gen2, has a structure of the selection instruction of a 4-bit instruction code " 1010 " (being positioned at " instruction " hurdle).Diagram 1050 describes one amended, has the structure of the selection instruction of a 5-bit instruction code " 10110 " (being positioned at " instruction " hurdle).Except different instruction codes, can structurally and functionally similar in accordance with the selection instruction of Gen2 and amended selection instruction.

Figure 11 describes the structure for the not inquiry instruction of same protocol according to some specific embodiments.Diagram 1100 describes one and observes Gen2, has a structure of the inquiry instruction of a 4-bit instruction code " 1000 " (being positioned at " instruction " hurdle).Diagram 1150 describes one amended, has the structure of the inquiry instruction of a 5-bit instruction code " 10010 " (being positioned at " instruction " hurdle).Except different instruction codes, can structurally and functionally similar in accordance with the inquiry instruction of Gen2 and amended inquiry instruction.

Figure 12 describes the structure for the not inquiry adjustment instruction of same protocol according to some specific embodiments.Diagram 1200 describes one and observes Gen2, has the structure of the inquiry adjustment instruction of a 4-bit instruction code " 1001 " (being positioned at " instruction " hurdle).Diagram 1250 describes one amended, has the structure of the inquiry adjustment instruction of a 5-bit instruction code " 10011 " (being positioned at " instruction " hurdle).Except different instruction codes, can structurally and functionally similar in accordance with the inquiry adjustment instruction of Gen2 and amended inquiry adjustment instruction.

Figure 13 describes the structure for the not inquiry repetitive instruction of same protocol according to some specific embodiments.Diagram 1300 describes one and observes Gen2, has a structure of the inquiry repetitive instruction of a 2-bit instruction code " 00 " (being positioned at " instruction " hurdle).Diagram 1350 describes one amended, has the structure of the inquiry repetitive instruction of a 2-bit instruction code " 01 " (being positioned at " instruction " hurdle).Except different instruction codes, can structurally and functionally similar in accordance with the inquiry repetitive instruction of Gen2 and amended inquiry repetitive instruction.

Figure 14 describes the structure for the not ACK instruction of same protocol according to some specific embodiments.Diagram 1440 describes one and observes Gen2, has a structure of the ACK instruction of a 2-bit instruction code " 01 " (being positioned at " instruction " hurdle).Diagram 1450 describes one amended, has the structure of the ACK instruction of a 2-bit instruction code " 00 " (being positioned at " instruction " hurdle).Except different instruction codes, can structurally and functionally similar in accordance with the ACK instruction of Gen2 and amended ACK instruction.

Figure 15, according to specific embodiment, describes for the process 1500 from different RFID label tag subgroup communications.Process 1500 can start from operation 1502, and a reader transmits instruction to more than a label subgroup herein.This many labels subgroup can comprise one first label subgroup and one second label subgroup.This first label subgroup observes the first agreement instead of second protocol, and the second label subgroup observes second protocol instead of the first subgroup.This first agreement and second protocol can share some instruction codes, and reader can transmit has one of them the instruction of these instruction codes, thus with label this instruction cognizable no matter its agreement observed.

In certain embodiments, the instruction with shared instruction code can be a challenge instruction.One challenge is for comprising a message of a random digit (may be encrypted) and one or two private mark parameter.This challenge instruction one accepts entity, such as a label or reader, with based on this random digit, this private mark parameter, and entity information determines a private mark response, entity information can be, a such as entity key, an entity identifier, or other suitable entity information.Receiving entity himself can use a private mark algorithm to calculate private mark response, maybe can have another entity computer and provide private mark to respond to receiving entity.This challenge can be determined based on random digit and/or an entity random digit.One challenge can come from another label, a reader, or other entity.

In operation 1504, reader selects it to wish the specific label subgroup of communication with it.Such as, reader can determine that it is wished and observes the label of Gen2, or with observe the label communication of a different agreement.In certain embodiments, the label subgroup of expection selected by reader based on the instruction of transmitting in selection operation 1502.Such as, reader can based on to one instruction (instruction of such as, transmitting in selection operation 1502) the label response of front transfer select label subgroup, as the description below about Figure 16.

In certain embodiments, the label subgroup of serious hope selected by reader based on security feature support.Tag security characteristic can comprise specific private mark group or algorithm, specific safety command, specific secure data storage, is limited to the label execution time performing certain sensitive instruction.Support that the label of different security feature can respond or be used to contrast with different agreement.Such as, perform one first security feature (such as, one first private mark group) a label can compare with the first agreement instead of second protocol, and perform another security feature (such as, one second, different private mark group) a label can compare with second protocol instead of the first agreement.In certain embodiments, perform a particular safety characteristic (such as, be associated with an instruction one safety time-out or time restriction) a label can with the first agreement, instead of second protocol contrast, and the label not performing this particular safety characteristic can compare with second protocol instead of the first agreement.

Reader also can (or instead) based on other Standard Selection label subgroup.Such as, reader can select a label subgroup based on an operating area.Be suitable for the label that operates in a first area can with the first agreement, instead of second protocol contrast, and be unsuitable for the label that operates in this first area can with second protocol, instead of the first agreement contrast.First reader can confirm its region operated (such as, by receiving the input identifying this region, transmission can cause a signal of the response identifying this region, read area code or the identifier of a storage inside, or by any suitable mode), be then identified regional choice one label subgroup based on what operate.

In operation 1506, reader has an instruction of an instruction code based on the agreement transmission be associated with the label subgroup selected.Such as, reader can send one and observe Gen2's, there is the selection instruction of 4-bit instruction code with the subgroup communication with the label in accordance with Gen2, or can send have a 5-position (or more) an amended selection instruction of instruction code, with the subgroup communication of label of observing different agreement.Then, reader can interact in operation 1508 and the label subgroup selected, such as, make an inventory, and reads, writes, or with the population of tags communication of selection.

In ensuing selection operation 1510, reader selects another label subgroup with communication with it.Such as, if reader with observe the label communication of Gen2 in operation 1504-1508, reader may be wished now and be observed the label communication of a different agreement, and vice versa.In operation 1512, reader has an instruction of an instruction code based on the agreement transmission be associated with other population of tags, is similar to operation 1506.Finally, reader may interact with other population of tags, is similar to operation 1508.

Figure 16 according to some specific embodiments, describes a process 1600, for identify RFID label tag subgroup and with the communication of RFID label tag subgroup.Process 1600 starts from operation 1602, and a reader receives a response from a label herein.This response may be passed through before one, to the instruction (such as, selecting the instruction in operation 1502) of a label or multiple label, and may comprise by label based on the instruction be passed through before, be stored on label, or other appropriate label information and the data generated.

In operation 1604, reader uses the response received to determine the identity of original tag.Reader can from the response of identification label, and such as a TID, EPC or other cognizance code, recover a label identifier.In certain embodiments, reader can based on some the further feature identification labels of the response received.Such as, carry out the response of the label of self-supporting first agreement instead of second protocol, with come self-supporting second protocol instead of the first agreement label response compared with, different modulation may be had (such as, how to be physically imprinted on a waveform during data) and/or coding (such as, corresponding to particular data value symbol).In certain embodiments, support the label of different agreement can miscount detection or error correction code (verbose checking or CRC of such as, circulating) to make different response.Such as, label supports that the label of different agreement can use diverse algorithm, maybe may use same algorithm, function, or generator polynomial (as described in Gen instructions) calculates CRC, but calculates from different starting values or presetting.Then reader can use the modulation/coding of the response received and/or calculated error detector or the error correction code in the response received, to determine the identity of label.Reader may the type of certification is concrete uniquely initial labels or only certification initial code.Such as, reader can certification initial labels be a label of support one first agreement instead of a second protocol.

In operation 1606, reader then selects a communications protocol to use together with original tag.Such as, if reader determination original tag supports one first agreement instead of second protocol, reader can be selected next and in the communication of label using the first agreement.

The operation being described in process 1500 and 1600 is only the use of elaboration.Use the RFID label tag subgroup reciprocation of different instruction code by using additional or less operation and using principle herein to perform with different orders.Certainly, according to some other specific embodiment, sequence of operation can be revised, and certain operations is removed, or some other operation is increased.

The above-mentioned use illustrated by block diagram and/or example, illustrates multiple specific embodiments of this device and/or process.In view of these block diagrams and/or example comprise one or more function and/or aspect, what can be understood by the personnel in art is, according to the specific embodiment formed, far-ranging hardware can be passed through in each function in these block diagrams or example and/or aspect, software, firmware, or its any combination, by independent and/or common realization.

This exposure is not limited to the certain specific embodiments described in this application, but tends to the explanation as different aspect.When not deviating from its spirit and scope, can make many modifications and variations, this is apparent to art personnel.Known by description above, except example enumerated here, the functionally equivalent method and apparatus within the scope of exposure is apparent concerning art personnel.Such improvement and dynamic trend are in falling within the scope of the appended claims.This exposure is only limited by whole equivalency range of the wording in claim and claimed claim thereof.Be understandable that, this exposure is not limited to specific method, structure, antenna, conveyer line and analog thereof.Be understandable that equally, the object of term used herein is only to describe particular specific embodiment, and does not lie in restriction.

As for the application of any plural number and/or odd number word substantially herein, under suitable linguistic context and/or application, those skilled in the art can extend to odd number from plural number and/or extend to plural number from odd number.In order to explicit, various list/complex transform particularly points out herein.

What can be understood by art personnel is, usually, the term (terms) particularly used in claims (main bodys of such as claims) herein generally tend to open term (such as " comprise " and should be interpreted as " including, but not limited to ", " have " and should be interpreted as " at least having ", " comprise " and should be interpreted as " including but not limited to ", etc.).If further it is to be understood that be intended to the specific quantity of the introductory claim of description one, such intention can be expressed in the claims, the intention then not such when not having these to describe.Such as, as auxiliary understanding, below appended claim may comprise introductory phrase " at least one " and " one or more " to introduce claim description.But, the use of these phrases should not be interpreted as imply the claim description of being drawn by indefinite article " a " or " an " and be confined to any claim specifically comprising this introductory claim and describe, even if when same claim comprises introductory phrase " one or more " or " at least one " and indefinite article " a " or " an ", (such as " a " and/or " an " are appreciated that the meaning of " at least one " or " one or more "); This is equally applicable to the definite article described for introducing claim.In addition, even if the specific quantity that introductory claim describes is by clear and definite description, the personnel in affiliated field can recognize that such description should be interpreted as the meaning of the quantity being at least description (such as, when not having other to revise, only " two kinds of descriptions " is described, it is meant at least two kinds of descriptions, or two kinds or more describe).

In addition, employ in the example of convention statement " in A, B and C etc. at least one " at those, usually (such as " system has A; at least one in B and C " including, but not limited to only having A, only will have B, only having C in this, sentence structure stricti jurise to be intended to enable the personnel being familiar with art to understand this convention, there is A and B simultaneously, there is A and C simultaneously, there is B and C simultaneously, and/or there is A simultaneously, B, and C etc.)。No matter be understandable that further, in fact, be in the description, in claim, or in the accompanying drawings, any present two or more selection item antisense conjunction and/or phrase should be understood to comprise one of them item, one of two items, or two items.Such as, phrase " A or B " will be understood to include " A " or " B " or " A and B " two kinds of possibilities.

Can be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, no matter for which kind of object, such as, in order in written explanation, also comprise the combination of any possible subrange and subrange in these all scopes disclosed.Any scope listed can be considered to easily describe fully and make same scope can be broken down at least equal two deciles, trisection, the quartern, five deciles, ten deciles etc.As non-limiting example, each scope herein can be easy to be decomposed into bottom 1/3rd, middle part 1/3rd, and top 1/3rd, etc.Can be understood by described technical field personnel equally, all expression, as " reaching ", " at least " " is greater than ", " being less than " etc., comprises the numeral enumerated and relates to the scope that can be broken down into above-mentioned subrange.Finally, can be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, a scope comprises each individuality separately.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Illustrating below is carried out in conjunction with corresponding accompanying drawing, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the parts block diagram of a rfid system.

Fig. 2 Fig. 2 is the passive label of a display one, such as one schematic diagram that can be used to the parts of the label of system shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 3 is a concept map, and it is for illustrating the half-duplex transmission pattern communicated between each parts of rfid system in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is display one RFID label tag, than the block diagram of the details of RFID label tag as shown in Figure 2.

Fig. 5 A and 5B illustrates the signal pathway during label in Fig. 4 block diagram to reader and reader to label communication.

Fig. 6 is a block diagram of the whole RFID reader system according to specific embodiment.

Fig. 7 is a block diagram, which illustrates the overall architecture of the rfid system according to specific embodiment.

Fig. 8 is a form of the READER COMMAND according to some specific embodiments.

Fig. 9 is a form of the order code for different agreement according to some specific embodiments.

Figure 10, according to some specific embodiments, describes the structure of the selection instruction for different agreement.

Figure 11, according to some specific embodiments, describes the structure of the inquiry instruction for different agreement.

Figure 12, according to some specific embodiments, describes the structure of the inquiry adjustment instruction for different agreement.

Figure 13, according to some specific embodiments, describes the structure of the inquiry repetitive instruction for different agreement.

Figure 14, according to some specific embodiments, describes the structure of the confirmation symbol instruction for different agreement.

Figure 15, according to some specific embodiments, describes for the process from the communication of different RFID label tag subgroup.

Figure 16 according to some specific embodiments, describe for identify and with a process of RFID label tag subgroup communication.

Claims

1. less radio-frequency (RFID) reader, be configured to can with at least one first subset communication of a RFID label tag group, described reader comprises a processor block (processor block), it is characterized in that, described processor block is configured to:

At least one first simplification instruction (singulating command) and one first is used to confirm instruction (acknowledgement command) and described first subset communication;

A response is received from the label in described first subset; With

Determine that described label is in the first subset based on an error metric, wherein said error metric is preset (first preset) from least one first error detector code in the response received and one first and is calculated, wherein:

Be configured at the label of described first subset:

Change between state according to a state machine (state machine);

Use a Communication Layer (communication layer) communication;

Accept and respond described first simplification instruction and described first and confirm instruction;

Refuse and do not respond one second simplification instruction and one second and confirm instruction, wherein said second simplification instruction is different from described first simplification instruction, and described second confirms that instruction is different from described first and confirms instruction; With

Use described first to preset and generate described first error detector code; With

Be configured at the label of one second subset of described RFID label tag group:

Shift between state according to described state machine;

Use described Communication Layer communication;

Accept and respond described second simplification instruction and described second and confirm instruction;

Refuse and do not respond described first simplification instruction and described first and confirm instruction; With

Use one second preset generation one second error detector code, wherein said second preset be different from first preset.

2. reader according to claim 1, is characterized in that,

Described first simplification instruction has the instruction code that is different from described second simplification instruction; With

Described first confirms that instruction has one and is different from the instruction code that described second confirms instruction.

3. reader according to claim 1, is characterized in that:

Described processor block is further configured to transmit one first selection instruction;

Label in described first subset accepts described first selection instruction;

At least one label in described first subset is exercisable, to change a value of statistical indicant (flag value) as the response to described first selection instruction;

Label refusal in described first subset is different from one second selection instruction of the first selection instruction;

Label in described second subset accepts described second selection instruction;

At least one label in described second subset is exercisable, to change described value of statistical indicant as the response to described second selection instruction; With

The first selection instruction refused by label in described second subset.

4. reader according to claim 3, is characterized in that:

Described first selection instruction is different from described second selection instruction in length;

Described first simplification instruction is different from described second simplification instruction in length; With

Described first confirms that instruction is different from described second and confirms instruction in length.

5., for a method for radio frequency identification (RFID) reader, wherein said reader is configured at least one first subset communication with a RFID label tag group, and it is characterized in that, described method comprises:

At least one first simplification instruction and one first is used to confirm instruction and described first subset communication;

Receive the response from the label in the first subset; With

Determine that described label is in the first subset based on an error metric, wherein said error metric is preset (second preset) from least one first error detector code in the response received and one first and is calculated, wherein:

Label in described first subset is configured to:

Change between state according to a state machine;

Use a Communication Layer communication;

Label in one second subset of described RFID label tag group is configured to:

Shift between state according to described state machine;

Use described Communication Layer communication;

6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that,

7. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, comprises transmission one first selection instruction further, wherein:

Label in described first subset accepts described first selection instruction;

At least one label in described first subset is exercisable, to change a value of statistical indicant as the response to described first selection instruction;

The first selection instruction refused by label in described second subset.

8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, wherein:

9. radio frequency identification (RFID) label, wherein said wireless radio frequency identification mark a population of tags one first subset sums one second subset one of them, it is characterized in that:

When being positioned at described first subset, described label is configured to:

Change between state according to a state machine;

Use a Communication Layer communication;

Perform an error detector code generator, it comprises a Generator polynomial (polynomial);

Described error detector code generator and first is used to preset generation one first error detector code; With

When being positioned at described second subset, described label is configured to:

Change between state according to described state machine;

Use described Communication Layer communication;

Perform described error detector code generator, it comprises described Generator polynomial;

Use and be different from the first one second default generation one second error detector code preset.

10. label according to claim 9, is characterized in that:

Refuse described second simplification instruction to comprise and determine that described second simplification instruction has the instruction code that is different from described first simplification instruction; With

Refuse described second to confirm that instruction comprises and determine that described second confirms that instruction has one and is different from described first and confirms the instruction code of instruction.

11. labels according to claim 9, is characterized in that:

When being positioned at described first subset, described label is configured to further:

Accept one first selection instruction;

Determine whether change one value of statistical indicant, to respond described first selection instruction; With

Refusal is different from one second selection instruction of described first selection instruction; With

When being positioned at described second subset, described label is configured to further:

Accept described selection instruction;

Determine whether to change described value of statistical indicant, to respond described second selection instruction; With

Refuse described first selection instruction.

12. labels according to claim 11, is characterized in that, wherein:

Refuse described second selection instruction to comprise and determine that described second selection instruction has the length that one is different from described first selection instruction;

Refuse described second simplification instruction to comprise and determine that described second simplification instruction has the length that one is different from described first simplification instruction; With

Refuse described second to confirm that instruction comprises and determine that described second confirms that instruction has one and is different from described first and confirms the length of instruction.

13. 1 kinds of methods for less radio-frequency (RFID) label, wherein said label a population of tags one first subset sums one second subset one of them, it is characterized in that, described method comprises:

When described label is positioned at described first subset:

Change between state according to a state machine;

Use a Communication Layer communication;

Perform an error detector code generator, it comprises a Generator polynomial;

Use described error detector code generator and described first to preset and generate described first error detector code;

When described label is positioned at described second subset:

Shift between state according to described state machine;

Use described Communication Layer communication;

Use described error detector code generator and be different from the described first one second default generation one second error detector code preset.

14. methods according to claim 13, is characterized in that:

15. methods according to claim 13, is characterized in that:

When described label is positioned at described first subset, described method comprises further:

Accept one first selection instruction;

When described label is positioned at described second subset, described method comprises further:

Accept described selection instruction;

Refuse described first selection instruction.

16. methods according to claim 15, is characterized in that, wherein: