CN104418477B - A kind of floor sludge compound cleaning agent and its application - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a compound cleaning agent for oil sludge falling to the ground; the water-soluble sodium carbonate consists of 0.12 percent of sodium silicate, 0.10 percent of carbamide, 0.02 percent of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 99.76 percent of water according to mass percentage; according to the volume ratio of the oil sludge falling to the ground to the required cleaning agent of 1: 4; dividing the required cleaning agent into two equal parts, and adding the cleaning agent in two times; mixing the oil sludge falling to the ground with an equal part of cleaning agent solution, stirring for 30min at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the stirring strength of 600 r/min, then adding another equal part of cleaning agent, and standing for 30min at the constant temperature of 60 ℃; the mixed system is gradually divided into three layers, the upper layer is floated with the cleaned crude oil, the middle layer is a muddy water layer, and the mud sinks to the lower layer; the compound cleaning agent for the oil sludge falling to the ground is low in cost, wide in source, non-toxic and pollution-free, and the oil content of residue residues after the oil sludge falling to the ground is treated by the compound cleaning agent for the oil sludge falling to the ground is reduced to be below 0.3%.

Description

A kind of floor sludge compound cleaning agent and its application

technical field

The invention relates to a ground oil sludge compound cleaning agent, which is used in oil fields to treat the ground oil sludge with a thermochemical cleaning method. The agent has good stability, low cost, non-toxic and pollution-free, and belongs to the technical field of environmental protection waste treatment.

Background technique.

Landed oil sludge mainly comes from the collection formed by the spillage, leakage or spilling of crude oil in production and operation, and infiltrated into the ground soil. It has low water content, light emulsification, and oil content between 10% and 30%. According to survey estimates, the annual output of China National Petroleum Corporation's oily sludge is approximately 1 million tons, of which the annual output of only landed oil sludge is approximately 100,000 tons. Whether it is from the perspective of environmental protection or energy recovery, it is necessary to carry out harmless and clean treatment of the landed sludge.

According to the nature of the landed oil sludge, domestic and foreign generally use thermochemical method to clean the oil sludge to treat it harmlessly. The hot water washing method is the preferred method adopted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to deal with petroleum sludge, and is currently mainly used for the treatment of landed oil sludge. The basic principle is to repeatedly wash with hot alkali aqueous solution, and then implement solid-liquid separation by air flotation. Generally, the washing temperature is controlled at 70°C, the liquid-solid ratio is 3:1, and the washing time is 20 minutes. It can wash the oily sludge with an oil content of 30% until the residual oil rate is below 1%.

US Patent No. 5,492,628 introduces injecting hot water containing dispersant sodium silicate into the pond with oily sand to ensure that the particle size of the mud particle is below 300nm, pump out the mixture, separate and recover asphaltenes, and circulate the water back to the pond.

HARDEAHASCHKEP has invented a truck-loadable separation unit. The purpose of oil-soil (sand) separation is achieved through water intake, stirring, heating and other steps. The characteristics of the device are: the equipment is small in size, convenient in transportation, the cost of oil sludge transportation is saved, and the energy consumption is low. Liaohe Oilfield introduced this equipment in 1991, but it was discarded because it had no economic value.

National patent 1050400 discloses a method for extracting oil from petroleum soil. It dissolves petroleum soil in a hot water kettle, injects carbonamide solution at the same time, heats it at 90-95°C while stirring, and can separate the oil after 30 to 60 minutes. The chemical raw material used in this patent-carbonamide, the price Inexpensive and plentiful. However, when this method is used to treat oil sludge, the high processing temperature leads to high energy consumption.

The national patent 9010444 adopts the solution containing alum and salt to disperse and primary separate the oil sludge under the condition of heating (70-90 ℃); the crude oil after primary separation is further purified after centrifugation. The crude oil separated by the method has a water content of less than 0.5% and an impurity content of less than 1%, which can be used by refineries. Its centrifugal filter device is in continuous operation, which reduces the stability of equipment operation.

National patent 1724422 provides a comprehensive treatment method for oily sludge such as oily sludge, tank bottom sludge, and scum. The whole process is composed of pretreatment area, cleaning area and water treatment area. Each area is connected sequentially, and the structure is compact. In the pretreatment area, the oily sludge is washed by high-pressure circulating hot water to make the sludge broken and fluidized; the cleaning area adopts multi-stage washing tanks for series cleaning, and each washing tank is divided into different chemical agents, and finally the crude oil is recovered, and the residual soil is harmless. purpose.

In summary, the use of thermochemical methods to clean oil sludge has strong flexibility and more thorough recovery of resources. Compared with the current emerging thermal analysis technology, solvent extraction technology and microwave demulsification centrifugal separation technology, the cost investment is greatly reduced, and after treatment All indicators can meet the national standards, and the technical feasibility is strong, which can realize the reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization of petroleum industry production.

However, most of the medicaments used in the existing thermochemical treatment of oil sludge are single medicaments, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages. For example, the cleaning agent in US Patent No. 5,492,628 is a hot water solution of 0.13% sodium silicate, and this method is only applied to the treatment of oil sands. For example, national patent 1050400 uses carbonamide solution, and oil can be separated after stirring for 30 to 60 minutes. The mass percentage of carbonamide solution varies according to the oil content of the landed sludge and the exposure time. The carbonamide in one embodiment The mass percent content of the solution is 0.4%, and because the treatment temperature is as high as 90-95° C., more energy consumption is caused. For example, the national patent 172442 uses chemical agent AEQ-9 (0-5000ppm) and flow type multi-stage thermal cleaning oil sludge treatment process to deal with the landed oil sludge. The cleaning area adopts multi-stage washing tanks for cleaning in series. There are many processes and the pH value needs to be adjusted to 7. ~9, after three times of cleaning, the oil content of the residual residue after final treatment is about 0.5%.

Therefore, the research on the compounding of the cleaning agents for the landed oil sludge is carried out, and the synergistic and synergistic effects between the agents are used to reduce the amount of chemicals used and simplify the treatment process, which is also in line with the high efficiency and low cost of the oil sludge treatment agents. development trend.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a compound cleaning agent for floor sludge. When using this cleaning agent to treat the landed oil sludge formed by oilfield production and operations, the landed oil sludge can be decomposed into crude oil, water, and sediment; and finally achieve the purpose of crude oil recovery, water treatment without pollution, and sediment return to nature. This not only achieves the purpose of resource recovery and comprehensive utilization, but also reduces the pollution of the landed oil sludge to the natural environment.

The compound cleaning agent for floor sludge according to the present invention has the following mass percentages: 0.12% sodium silicate, 0.10% carbonamide, 0.02% sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and 99.76% water.

The local oil sludge compound cleaning agent has good stability, and the agents contained in sodium silicate, carbonamide, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate are low in cost, have a wide range of sources, and are non-toxic and pollution-free. The functions of the various components contained in the ground oil sludge compound cleaning agent are as follows: sodium silicate, also known as sodium silicate, mainly acts as a dispersant in the cleaning process, and at the same time adjusts the pH value of the agent to be alkaline; carbonamide is also The name urea or urea is a common nitrogen fertilizer. Carbonamide molecules can penetrate into the landing oil sludge and destroy the adhesion between crude oil and clay. The compounding of carbonamide and sodium silicate has a synergistic effect; dodecylbenzene Sodium sulfonate is an anionic surfactant, which is often used as a detergent and can reduce the surface tension between oil and water. After adding sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate to the above-mentioned binary compound system, the oil sludge will be cleaned produce a synergistic effect. The compound agent system formed by the three components can decompose the landed oil sludge into crude oil, water, and sediment; finally achieve the purpose of crude oil recovery, water treatment without pollution discharge, and sediment return to nature. When the compound cleaning agent is used to treat the landed oil sludge formed in oil field production and operation, there is a good synergistic effect and synergistic effect among the components of the agent, which reduces the amount of agent used.

The cleaning operation of the floor sludge is also simple. After adding the cleaning agent solution in proportion to the floor sludge, heat it to 60°C, stir for 30 minutes, and the stirring intensity is 600r/min. Add a certain volume of cleaning agent to the stirred sludge mixture while it is hot. After standing still at a constant temperature of 60°C for 30 minutes for the chemical solution, the mixed system is divided into three layers, the upper layer is the crude oil floating and washed, the middle is the muddy water layer, and the soil sinks to the lower layer. The oil content of the sludge residue after drying the lower layer of soil is less than 0.3%, realizing the harmlessness of the residue residue.

The specific usage method of the ground oil sludge composite treatment agent of the present invention is:

The volume ratio of the ground sludge to the required cleaning agent is 1:4. Divide the required cleaning agent into two equal parts and add in two times. First, mix the landed oil sludge with an equal part of the cleaning agent solution, stir for 30 minutes at a temperature of 60 °C and a stirring intensity of 600 r/min, then add another equal part of the cleaning agent, and let it stand at a constant temperature of 60 °C for 30 minutes. The mixed system is gradually divided into three layers, the upper layer is the floating and washed crude oil, the middle is the muddy water layer, and the soil sinks to the lower layer.

Compared with the existing ground oil sludge treatment agent, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: the ground oil sludge compound cleaning agent used is low in cost, has a wide range of sources, is non-toxic and pollution-free; the amount of the agent used is reduced, and the mass percentage of the agent is low To—sodium silicate 0.12%, carbonamide 0.10%, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 0.02%; it can effectively treat the landing sludge, and the oil content of the residue after the treatment of the landing sludge is reduced to below 0.3%.

Use the local oil sludge compound cleaning agent to treat the oil sludge, and the oil content of the residue after the oil sludge treatment is reduced to less than 0.3%.

detailed description

Example 1

The landed oil sludge samples come from the 101 well area of Jilin Oilfield. The oil sludge is viscous, dark brown, with a strong petroleum smell, and becomes semi-fluid when heated above 50°C. According to the experiment, the moisture content of the landed oil sludge is 5.1%, and the solid (mainly sand and soil) content is 61.6%. , with an oil content of 33.3%.

Experimental plan: Take 100g of ground oil sludge sample, add 200mL of cleaning agent aqueous solution, keep the temperature at 60°C, stirring rate 600r/min, stirring time for 30min, then add 200mL of floor sludge compound cleaning agent aqueous solution, and let it stand at constant temperature of 60°C for 30min. The mixed system is gradually divided into three layers, the upper layer is the washed crude oil, the middle is the muddy water layer, and the lower layer is the mud layer. After scraping off the upper layer of crude oil and removing most of the oil layer and water layer, collect the sludge in the lower layer, and measure the oil content (mass ratio of oil residue) of the residue after drying.

The oil content of the residue residue after being treated with the compound cleaning agent of the present invention in the landed oil sludge in the 101 well area of Jilin Oilfield is 0.25%.

Example 2

The landed sludge samples were taken from Chabei Station of Huabei Oilfield. The oil sludge is viscous, dark brown, with a strong petroleum smell, and becomes semi-fluid when heated above 50°C. According to the experiment, the moisture content of the landed oil sludge is 4.3%, and the solid (mainly sediment and soil) content is 64.2%. , oil content 31.5%.

Experimental plan: Take 100g of ground sludge samples, add 200mL of cleaning agent aqueous solution, keep the temperature at 60°C, stirring rate 600r/min, stirring time for 30min, then add 200mL of compound cleaning agent aqueous solution, and let stand at 60°C for 30min. The mixed system is gradually divided into three layers, the upper layer is the washed crude oil, the middle is the muddy water layer, and the lower layer is the mud layer. After scraping off the upper layer of crude oil and removing most of the oil layer and water layer, collect the sludge in the lower layer, and measure the oil content (mass ratio of oil residue) of the residue after drying.

The oil content of the residual residue after the oil sludge at Chabei Station of Huabei Oilfield is treated with the compound cleaning agent of the present invention is 0.23%.

Claims (2)

1. A compound cleaning agent for floor sludge, characterized in that: its mass percentage is: 0.12% sodium silicate, 0.10% carbonamide, 0.02% sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and 99.76% water. 2. The application of the compounded cleaning agent of the floor sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: the volume ratio of the floor sludge and the required cleaning agent is 1:4; the required cleaning agent is divided into two equal parts , add in two times; first mix the landed oil sludge with an equal part of the cleaning agent solution, stir for 30 minutes at a temperature of 60°C and a stirring intensity of 600r/min, then add another equal amount of cleaning agent, and let it stand at a constant temperature of 60°C 30 minutes; the mixing system is gradually divided into three layers, the upper layer is the floating and washed crude oil, the middle is the muddy water layer, and the soil sinks to the lower layer.